Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2022-07-01"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 6 de 6

Obtenção e aplicação de fotoanodos baseados em TiO2 com adição de nitretos de carbono polimérico do tipo poli(heptazina imida)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Blaskievicz, Sirlon Francisco; Mascaro, Lucia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6566599925552839
In this work, poly(heptazine imide) carbon nitrides containing metals single atom in the ionic form were evaluated alone and in the combination with TiO2. Initially, a percentage of 2.5% of the nickel-containing material (Ni-PHI) was added to a commercial TiO2 paste and applied to methanol oxidation under solar-simulated radiation and UV light. On a 30-layer film and under UV radiation, the TiO2-Ni-PHI sample obtained a photocurrent response of 11 mA cm-2. The performance improvement with Ni-PHI is probably due to the formation of a heterojunction between TiO2 and PHI, while nickel sites act through a cocatalysis process. In situ measurements allowed to infer that methanol was selectively oxidized to formaldehyde in the dark, and formic acid and CO2 under light. When coating Ni-PHI with a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) there was an intensification of the photocurrent by mechanical stabilization and subsequent re-oxidation of photogenerated H2 in the system. The behavior of Co-PHI, Co-Ni-PHI, and K-PHI was also evaluated, and it was possible to observe that the samples containing transition metals had the potential to be applied both in reduction and oxidation reactions, due to the ease of nox change of the cations used, but the highest photocurrent was obtained by K-PHI, the most conductive and organized sample. In the screening of different percentages of K-PHI to TiO2, it was found that high percentages (above 5%) created charge recombination sites, reducing the performance of the photoanode. The 5% TiO2-K-PHI film had promising results in the oxidation of paraoxon (POX) and its derivative p-nitrophenol (p-NP), where the removal rates of these pollutants increased significantly with the addition of H2O2, and consequently ROS generation, which preferentially favors indirect degradation processes, reaching removal rates of more than 80%. All these results indicate that the photoanodes obtained prove to be interesting alternatives for use in energy generation devices, as well as for chemical detoxification.
Plasticidade fenotípica de quatro espécies arbóreas na alocação de biomassa e de características funcionais foliares em resposta a diferentes condições ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Vicente, Caroline Pardi; Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6809527018189848
Forest degradation is characterized by the loss of biomass production, resilience, and resistance of the ecosystem. The level of degradation of these ecosystems varies greatly between degraded areas, generating a great variability in environmental conditions, which compromises the predictability regarding the survival and growth speed of plants reintroduced in forest restoration projects. Several plant species have a wide geographic distribution and can occur in places with different environmental conditions above and below the ground. The morphological and physiological characteristics of plants, which are related to resource use and conservation, may vary with different abiotic conditions and resource availability. This study experimentally evaluated the effect of soil fertility and light availability under nursery and field conditions on the allocation of biomass between aerial parts (leaves and branches), root parts (thick and thin roots) and six functional characteristics of plants: leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf thickness, root mass fraction and relative growth rate, after the first four months of planting. We selected four tree species commonly used in forest restoration, namely Colubrina glandulosa Perkins (Rhamnaceae), Hymenaea courbaril L. (Fabaceae), Myroxylon peruiferum L. f. e Pterogyne nitens Tul. (as três, Fabaceae). In the nursery, we evaluated the effect of fertilization at three levels: the addition of low or high amounts of mineral nutrients (NPK), composed of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), and the addition of organic matter to the soil. All fertilization treatments were carried out in full sun and in 75% shading conditions to evaluate the effect of light in conjunction with the effect of fertilization. We also evaluated the response of these plants when introduced in the field, in a deforested area adjacent to a fragment of remaining riparian forest, but with high fertility. The addition of NPK mineral fertilizer in the soil of the bags resulted in higher values of P and K, but not of N, the addition of organic matter resulted in higher values of cation exchange capacity, saturation of pH and N bases in the soil. In all species, plants reached higher biomass in the nursery under high light intensity (full sun) and lower biomass in the field. In general, plants tended to allocate more biomass to leaves and less to fine roots when grown in full sun. The functional characteristics of the plants of the four species responded similarly to different conditions of light, nutrient availability and the field. Light availability strongly influenced the functional attributes of all species, with plants grown in shade showing higher values of specific leaf area and lower values of leaf dry matter content and leaf thickness, thus producing softer and thinner leaves. In the field, plants tended to produce smaller leaves, which may have been a response to water stress. Our results showed that within the same species, plants are able to adjust to low light conditions, forming leaves that are more efficient in light interception, characteristics associated 9 with a more acquisitive strategy, within the foliar economy spectrum model, and when grown in full sun, the plants tended to produce harder and thicker leaves, and therefore longer lasting, which is characteristic of more conservative strategies. The type of fertilization had a little or neglectable effect on the biomass production and the functional attributes of the plants. Plants in the field tended developing leaves with a smaller area, probably as a strategy to reduce the effects of water stress due to the long drought that occurred throughout the time of the experiment. This study demonstrated that all species are quite plastic and that they responded similarly to the availability of light and water, but that the variation in functional attributes in response to environmental conditions was not enough to compensate for the extremes of water and light deficit. Therefore, the functional attributes may reflect the different conditions of resource availability above and below the ground in degraded areas, and the study of the phenotypic plasticity of plants may help to understand the trajectories of plant communities, through greater predictability of biomass production and management strategies in forest restoration projects.
Coerção, manipulação e tecnologia: estratégias de monetização em jogos free-to-play
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Oliveira, Jônatas Kerr de; Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5453784250803736
Starting from the discomfort of many involved in the videogame market with the new monetization practices present in the emergence of the free-to-play model, I investigate this business model and propose an approach to identify coercive or manipulative potential in digital games directly from the game as a technological artifact. This is a different perspective from previous approaches (mainly game design dark patterns), which speculated about the original intention of the designer, in some cases leading to wrong conclusions, and which erroneously pointed to some game patterns intrinsic to the free-to-play model as naturally coercive. An approach based on the analysis of the artifact and not on speculation about the developer's intention is especially relevant, because in the context of imitation, a common market practice, a design with manipulative or coercive potential can be implemented without proper awareness of its operation, leading to a dissonance between original and derived intentionality. Applying the proposed approach in case studies, and focusing on F2P games for mobile devices, it was possible to identify several design elements with manipulative or coercive potential at all stages of the “Acquisition – Retention – Conversion” process. However, this does not necessarily mean that all free-to-play games use coercive or manipulative strategies, since two games can implement the same design pattern, where one of them has coercive or manipulative potential and the other does not, showing in practice that the coercive potential is in the contextualization layer, through design cues, not in design patterns, as much of the bibliography suggests. With the proposed approach, designers can investigate their own designs in search of elements with coercive or manipulative potential, breaking the cycle of imitation and allowing a reflection on game making and its implications for the society
Comunicação de notícias difíceis: percepções dos estudantes do curso de terapia ocupacional de uma universidade federal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07) Camargo, Ana Flávia de Ávila; Bombarda, Tatiana Barbieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8070700589653226; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9260083315299102
In the context of healthcare, communication skills are considered a fundamental aspect to ensure quality in care procedures and services. Although there are studies proposing strategies and protocols aimed at qualifying the process of communicating difficult news, evidence seen in literature indicates that there are inadequacies in the formation of this skill set in healthcare courses. This study aims to understand the process of communicating difficult news from the perspective of final year undergraduate Occupational Therapy students. This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, in which the participants were UFSCar’s Occupational Therapy students enrolled in the last year of the undergraduate course. Data collection was conducted by interviewing 10 undergraduates and reviewed through the use of thematic analysis. The interviewed students stated that the lack of focus on the subject of communicating difficult news left them unprepared at the time of graduation, a matter associated with the non-recognition of this content in subjects that make up the curriculum, or that the subject is offered in too punctual situations during the course. Participants indicated feeling uncomfortable and unprepared for potentially dealing with the need of communicating bad news in the future, as professionals. Although they claim lack of knowledge about any protocols for communicating bad/difficult news, they claim that as a very important strategy in such dialogues, are some aspects which are in line with the recommendations that support good communication practices. In conclusion, faults were identified in the formative process/curriculum of the healthcare industry professionals with regards to communicating difficult news, requiring greater investment in the development of such skills, as this directly relates to the quality of healthcare and assistance.
Alfabetização científica e tecnológica por meio de uma sequência didática interdisciplinar sobre o Ribeirão Santa Rita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Silva, Priscila Machado da; Milaré, Tathiane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8228509234989162
One of the natural goods that is born and cuts through the city of Fernandópolis/SP is the Ribeirão Santa Rita, which, despite starting in this municipality, only ends when it flows to the waters of Rio Grande that divides the states of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. Thus, based on science and technology that is present in the daily of the whole society, this present work aims to investigate how a regional theme (Ribeirão Santa Rita) can contribute to promote the Scientific and Technological Literacy of high school students, through a didactic sequence. Thus, through dissemination on social networks, students went invited to participate in the "Workshop on Science and citizenship: Ribeirão Santa Rita", that happened remotely. This workshop was structured using an interdisciplinary didactic sequence based on the three pedagogical moments. It was evaluated about the Scientific and Technological Literacy of the students, using the Discursive Textual Analysis, so that the corpus selected for the analysis was categorized according to historical context of the city, relationship with everyday life, health and environment, business interests and theoretical concepts. Subsequently, it was evaluated each of these categories according to the criteria of ACT proposed for Bocheco (2011). In this way, it was possible to verify that the workshop contributed to the Pratical, Civic and Professional or Economical Scientific Literacy of the students. The category where Bocheco's (2011) indicator were less evident was: "historical context of the city", while in the "health and environment" category, the Civic Scientific Literacy indicator showed great evidence.
Repercussões do Programa de Avaliação da Alfabetização (PROALFA) na ação docente: a perspectiva de professores de uma escola estadual em Viçosa-MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-01) Vieira, Raquel Arrieiro; Anunciato, Rosa Maria Moraes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3565440900315850
This work analyzed the perceptions about the external evaluation of the Literacy Assessment Program (Proalfa) of teachers who teach for the 3rd year of elementary school at a state school in the city of Viçosa/MG. We tried to understand the following aspects of this policy in the context of practice: its legal contributions, the Simave evaluation instruments, and its consolidation in the state of Minas Gerais; how do teachers have access and how test data are communicated/processed at school; the way in which teachers use the results of external assessments; whether Proalfa results are used in school planning; the meanings attributed to Proalfa, given the demands established by the State Department of Education (SRE). To fulfill the objectives of this qualitative work, instruments such as semi-structured interviews and a conversation wheel were used. The articulation between the theoretical and bibliographic reference and the reports shared by the teachers led to the creation of four axes of analysis: perceptions attributed by the teachers to Proalfa; Proalfa results: uses and forms of appropriation at school; teaching improvement instruments: the case of the PIP and Systemic Assessments of Learning, and collaborative work within the scope of Proalfa. The research results indicate that Proalfa, as an educational public policy created in the neoliberal logic, affects different aspects of the school context: in the reconfiguration of school practices, with the training of students for external assessments, aiming at good numerical results; in the curricular narrowing, caused by the misunderstanding between the reference matrix and the curricular matrix; in continuing education, realizing that the discussions about the difficulties in the use and critical appropriation of the evaluation results are shallow and not very reflective; in the teaching improvement instruments, whose focus is to meet the policy needs and not the students' learning difficulties; in the increase of teaching work, causing an overload in their attributions to meet the demands of the SRE.