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Aspectos de uma cidade amiga do idoso no núcleo histórico do bairro Vila Nery – São Carlos / SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-19)
Chiusoli, Thaís Carolina
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Monteiro, Luzia Cristina Antoniossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2890278808923978
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7670509311236822
The rapid growth of the elderly population and the consequent challenges in the cities constitute an alarming scenario. In this sense, the problems involving interpersonal relationships and socio-spatial inequalities that impact the achievement of elderly-friendly places are intensified. In attention to the current situation, the World Health Organization has developed the Global Guide to Age-friendly Cities (GGCAI), which recommend practices based on eight domains that seek to constitute an environment that favors population aging. Thus, the present research aimed to analyze the interactions and integration of elderly residents in the region of the historical nucleus of the Vila Nery neighborhood in the city of São Carlos - SP. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive research, based on the assumptions of the quanti-qualitative method, with an exploratory observational work. By employing the precepts of the rapid estimation technique, five key-informants inserted in services with tradition in the neighborhood were interviewed, considered fundamental parameters for obtaining data, such as: affective experiences, information about characteristics of the services offered, as well as problems and needs for improvements in the place of study, which contribute to the achievement of adequate housing. The analysis of the historical nucleus of Vila Nery, in the light of the eight domains recommended by the GGCAI, supports the understanding that the place presents characteristics of an elderly-friendly place. It was found that the elderly preserves good interpersonal relationships, in addition to a strong sense of belonging to their place of residence. Also, the culture and education of the neighborhood, combined with good communication, favor coexistence and social participation, and the spirit of unity and commitment inherent in the neighborhood contribute to the socio-spatial inclusion of older residents, which emphasizes the importance of the infrastructure and equipment available to the community. The results obtained reveal that aspects such as adequate housing and good social interaction have a direct influence on the quality of life of the elderly, directly impacting on their independence and enjoyment of life in society.
Family Foundations: adaptação e avaliação de um programa de intervenção em coparentalidade para casais em transição para a parentalidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-20)
Guerra, Lívia Lira de Lima
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3343014689467224
During the transition to parenthood - the period between pregnancy and the baby’s first months of life - levels of depression, anxiety and marital conflict increase substantially, with negative results for all family members. This points to the importance of developing preventive programs. The overall objective of this study was to adapt, offer, and evaluate the effectiveness of the Family Foundations intervention program, focused on improving the coparenting relationship of couples during the transition to parenthood. The intervention is conducted in two phases, the prenatal phase, when the parents are still expecting their first child, and the postnatal phase, which begins when the baby is around three to six months old. In Study I, the 12 steps of the adaptation of the Family Foundations program are reported, to develop the Brazilian version of this program, called Famílias Fortalecidas. Strong evidence was found for the acceptability of the program. The other studies (II, III and IV) involve parts of the adaptation process. In Study II, to identify behaviors considered to be part of the coparenting relationship, a systematic review of the national and international literature on observational methods being used to evaluate coparenting was conducted, following the PRISMA methodological recommendations. Coparenting behaviors were evaluated in the prenatal period and with parents of children in various age groups. The components of the three most cited models of coparenting were sufficient for encompassing all the coparenting behaviors identified in these studies. In Study III, the aim was to identify coparenting skills used by Brazilian parents in their coparenting relationship. The participants were 31 fathers and mothers, 18 years of age or over, with a first child six years of age or under. A semi-structured interview script was used to ask about coparenting tasks, and the strategies used in this relationship. The transcripts were analyzed, using content analysis techniques, and the following categories were identified: (a) communication skills -- giving recognition or praise; (b) joint decision-making and conflict resolution skills: asking each other’s opinions before making a decision, and (c) bonding skills: expressing positive emotions, sharing positive experiences and enjoyment of child-related happenings using verbal expressions and non-verbal behaviors (such as smiling and exchanging glances). Finally, in Study IV, the objective was to analyze the effects of a brief, coparenting intervention program. This study had a quasi-experimental design, with an Intervention Group (n=24 couples) and a Comparison Group (n=14 couples). Participants included couples that were married or living together, expecting their first child together. The instruments used before and after the program, to evaluate the effects of the program were: the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (EAD), the Marital Social Skills Inventory (IHSC), the Conflict Tactics Scale (ETC), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Parental Educational Competence Self-Assessment Questionnaire (QACEP). Four additional instruments were included in the post-test: the Coparental Relationship Scale (ERC), the Perceived Stress Scale, the Parental Burnout Assessment – BR, and the Child Temperament Questionnaire. The program was effective in improving the coparenting relationship and in reducing negative impacts on the marital relationship of couples participating in the Intervention Group, compared to those in the Comparison Group. As study limitations, the children may have been too young to observe effects of the program on participants’ perceptions of parental competence and on symptoms of depression. In addition, the greater drop-out rate in the Comparison Group (44%) than in the Intervention Group (20%) reduced the power of the analyses, affecting the possibility of obtaining results with statistical significance. However, the effect size of the differences indicate the importance of the program. To establish more robust evidence, in future studies it will be important to increase the number of couples in the Intervention and the Comparison Groups, and to monitor couples to assess the medium and long-term effects of the program, using additional measures of parenting and child behavior.
Ensino Médio e formação para o trabalho na Escola Família Agrícola do Sertão - EFASE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-20)
Araújo, Gracieda dos Santos
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Santos, Maria Cristina dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8852352726846273
This thesis studies the theoretical-methodological conceptions of teaching in the Pedagogy of Alternating Cycle and its unfoldings in the technical and professional formation of rural students, based on the reality of the Escola Família Agrícola do Sertão-EFASE. The entire investigation was guided by the following problem: to what extent does the technical course in agriculture and cattle-raising at EFASE, organized in a regime of Alternating Cycle, contribute to the process of human development of rural students, aiming at their emancipation, in opposition to the forms of education for alienated labor, the predominant perspective in technical education courses? The study starts by defending the access to scientific knowledge, historically produced and systematized by humankind, as an essential task of professional education in the countryside. We observe that in the Agricultural Family Schools (EFAs) that adopt this teaching method, education is based on the Christian humanist thought of Emmanuel Mounier, on the theoretical-philosophical foundations of Piagetian constructivism and the pedagogical theory of the New School of John Dewey, a current linked to the perspective of hegemonic education of the Brazilian Ministry of Education (MEC). Thus, the objective of this research is to discuss the theoretical-philosophical and methodological conceptions of EFASE's Technical High School Course in Agriculture and Livestock Raising, and its contributions to the human development of students from the countryside of the Sisal Territory, in the hinterland of Bahia. To do so, research and study of theoretical and bibliographical references were carried out; document analysis; field work; and listening to the course's graduates, who completed the course between 2009 and 2019. The method adopted as a reference for this investigation is the dialectical historical materialism, for making it possible to understand the world beyond appearances. It is concluded that, although its intention is counter hegemonic, EFASE's theoretical-methodological proposal has a pragmatic, utilitarian educational tendency with little emphasis on classical scientific knowledge. By prioritizing the development of practical skills in the specific areas of the Course, to the detriment of classical scientific knowledge (general academic knowledge), the school indirectly enables the same MEC proposal of pragmatic education, as advocated by international organizations for the education of underdeveloped countries. On the other hand, it is affirmed that the didactic-pedagogical model of the Pedagogy of Alternating Cycle presents itself as a form of education that can be re-signified, based on dialectical historical materialism, due to its proven efficiency in relation to the social practice of the students and their communities.
Clima na equipe: desafios e perspectivas de profissionais envolvidos no cuidado oncológico hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-20)
Martins, Daniela Pereira
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Rossit, Rosana Aparecida Salvador
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3333865775403342
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9386294914448366
The climate in the team comes from the concept of organizational climate, based on shared perceptions among professionals about policies, practices and processes in the work environment. Working as a team in the field of health means cooperating with others so that they can reach a defined objective for the quality of care offered to the patient. The present study aims to understand the work process of professionals involved in hospital cancer care. Exploratory-descriptive study with a quantitative and qualitative approach developed from an integrative review and field research. In the integrative review, the PRISMA 2020 protocol (PAGE et al., 2021) was followed with a survey in the databases, from 2015 to 2021, export of publications to the Rayyan tool and double-blind analysis by evaluators. The inconsistencies were aligned in a consensus meeting between the evaluators. For the field research, an invitation was sent through electronic addresses and social networks containing the details of the criteria for participation and access link to the Free and Informed Consent Term and to the electronic form containing the characterization items and the Climate Scale in the Team (SILVA, 2014). From the Scale respondents, an intentional sample participated in individual interviews. The data originated from the Scale were treated by descriptive statistics and the data from the open questions of the Scale and from the interviews were treated with content analysis, in the thematic mode. The results show that the team climate shows clear elements of the organization and work dynamics; the presence of interaction between different professionals; working conditions interfering with the quality of care. However, there is a need for investments for its improvement, with regard to the active participation of professionals in the team; support for new ideas; collective definition of objectives; task orientation; challenges of communication between professionals; work overload and emotional exhaustion associated with leadership roles. It is concluded that the existing complexity in oncology units requires greater articulation and integration among professionals, to strengthen relations and teamwork for the definition of collective objectives and effective communication.
Os experitempos das crianças, professoras e responsáveis: experiências em tempos de ensino remoto na pandemia da COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-20)
Barros, Talita Vitória Santoro
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Moruzzi, Andrea Braga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1502374705668286
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4449883864972910
The year 2020 was marked by the untimely time of the SARS-Cov-2 virus pandemic. Dating back to Krónos time at the end of February, the virus arrived in Brazilian territory and manifested the political, economic and health imbalance that was already expected. The death toll was staggering and growing. Decrees, sanctions, ordinances were established to try to curb the movement of people and the high contagion of the coronavirus among the population. Social isolation - recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) - was a restrictive measure adopted throughout the national scenario and for all ages. In view of this salute, all services and activities of a non-essential nature were temporarily closed, such as schools, churches, shopping, hotels, universities and some local businesses. Routines, plans, dreams and achievements were suspended to enter a kaíros time of the pandemic. With the closing of schools, the school reality of Brazilian children was adapted to the modality of remote teaching, as an exceptional strategy for the continuation of the school year. However, access and the opportunity to attend online education is dependent on resources, equipment and help from family members and/or guardians who can help children handle the tools and carry out activities. And this reality of transforming residence into the minimum conditions of a classroom is not available to millions of Brazilians (PNAD, 2018; IBGE, 2018, 2020). In this way, seeking to understand the experiences of children, teachers, family members and/or guardians who have experienced remote teaching in times of a pandemic, we carried out this research with a private school that presented the minimum and hypothetically ideal conditions for the offer of remote classes with a cutout established between the school years from the 1st to the 5th year of elementary school I. With cartographic inspirations and following the safety protocols due to the COVID-19 pandemic, our contact with the research subjects took place in a virtual way, with a directed questionnaire for teachers and another for family members and/or accountable about their experiences with remote teaching in times of a pandemic, and with online meetings with children through the Microsoft Teams platform. In all, we had the participation of nine (9) teachers, thirty-eight (38) family members and eighty-three (83) children. All the experiences that were written, shared or said, we describe them within a concept that we call experitempos (LEITE, 2013), as a junction of words between experience and time, since, we consider that the experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic are unique to this context. All experiments were presented and subjugated in themes emerged in theoretical and political reflections on childhood and children's rights in times of pandemic, such as issues related to child socialization, meeting children's needs, school education, and other lines that they crossed gender discussions, valuing teachers, relationship between school and family and others. The arguments were directed towards looking at and thinking about the child as a subject of law that needs to be present in the school's territory, and the school as an institution that must offer and contemplate all children's dimensions that were impassive to be assisted in remote teaching. Based on these experiences, we recognize the importance of discussing the experiences conceived during the COVID-19 pandemic – especially for children – in conjunction with educational policy proposals, so that government concerns do not overturn the school education of children in the schools.
Saúde ambiental e Covid-19 no contexto da enfermagem da atenção primária: scoping review
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-20)
Assunção, Natalia Maria
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Correa, Ana Paula de Vechi
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Uehara, Sílvia Carla da Silva André
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3903413440784581
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4637954881462807
Objetivo: identificar a relação entre saúde ambiental e Covid-19 no contexto da enfermagem da atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: trata-se de uma Scoping Review, a busca foi realizada nas bases de dados US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Institute for Scientific Information e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, sendo a amostra final composta por 32 estudos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 32 artigos, analisados em duas unidades temáticas: relação entre a Covid-19 e as mudanças climáticas e o conhecimento da enfermagem sobre saúde ambiental. Considerações finais: identificou-se que a disseminação da Covid-19 está relacionada às questões ambientais, evidenciando a importância da atuação da enfermagem da Atenção Primária à Saúde para controle da pandemia, desenvolvendo ações de mitigação, organização e promoção da saúde. Verificou-se a necessidade da inserção da saúde ambiental na formação e educação permanente da equipe de enfermagem
Humanismo na era digital: um debate a partir da Ciência da Informação e Humanidades Digitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-20)
Carlos, Caliel Luis Dolci
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Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
The diversity of elaborations and conceptions that somehow understand trends towards a digital world reveal the need to situate an enlightening background, in which humanism in the digital can be explored and dis-cussed. In this environment, the formulations of Information Science are framed in the integration with Digital Humanities, engendering interesting perspectives and investigative possibilities, as a way of observing how Information Science dialogues with Digital Humanities to sustain human-ism in the digital age. In this perspective, the general objective of this study is to understand, based on Brazilian research that brings together Information Science and Digital Humanities, the thinking that supports humanism in the digital age. This is an exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, based on bibliographic research. It was ob-served that the digital wave enters the humanities, making the discussion environment relevant and necessary, culminating in a process of self-reflection, in which the increasingly present intertwining between man and technology is foreseen. In this sense, transdisciplinarity takes center stage, by breaking down barriers between disciplines, in the search for adequate solutions to the needs of the digital age. Studies in Information Science from the perspective of Digital Humanities should consider the humanities in a broad sense. Consider, too, the creative and critical role of the Digital Humanities in the history of thought, from what can be done to humanisms in accordance with the introduction of new technolo-gies.
A lógica do neoliberalismo no documento "Melhores práticas em escolas de ensino médio no Brasil": uma cartografia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-21)
Silva, Rosanna Maria Araújo Andrade
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Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3219361069381552
The present research intends to map characteristic traces of the organizational changes occurred in educational instituitions, especially brazilian ones, in the last decades of 20th century. The present investigation’s emphasis is to study how the capitalist’s logic, throughout the neoliberalism, proliferates in the educational systems. The investigation originally came from a analysis of the statements contained in a educational document, and after that it were established the conetions with other contexts, thus revealing a mundial tendency. The document in question, which title is “Melhores Práticas em Escolas de Ensino Médio no Brasil”, is a research report carried out by Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (a federal autarchy associated with Ministry of Education) in partnership with Inter-american Development Bank, in 2010. The research was divided in three investigative dimentions: documental, historical-sociological and philososophical. The document’s internal problems guided the establishment of the references for analysis. From the historical-sociological perspective, the research was supported by Christian Laval’s analysis, in his book School is not an enterprise: the neoliberalism assaulting public education, in which the sociologist traces the problematic contours of neoliberalism’s influence in the educational systems. From the philosophical perspective, the analysis was based in Gilles Deleuze’s diagnosis, in Post-scriptum about the control societies, a text in which the philosopher describes how the passage from disciplinary societies to control societies produces institutional and subjectives transformations. This mutation of domination forms, described by Deleuze, is strongly related to a technological transformation: the emergency of information technologies. The analysis was conducted by what we called cartographical method. This one was inspired by the concept of cartography, developed by Deleuze and Guattari in A thousand plateaus. We concluded that the contemporary transformations can be understanded as a result of a capitalist axiomatics’ rearticulation. In this new mode of realization, the institutional school’s specificity is deterritorializated, to be reterritorializated in the enterprise form. The school loses its relative autonomy to economical field, that is characteristic of the disciplinary regime, and starts to compose directly the financial capitalisms’ informational flows. In this paradigm, educational is no longer seem as a right, but as a merchandise. This conception implies a destruction of the school’s anthropological function – insert the new generations in a common symbolic universe. We understand that it is a scientific’s research duty to contest the doxa of its field in a determined historic moment. Therefore, we question education’s representation as a merchandise, and we reaffirm school’s specificity and the institutional function in ensuring the universal right to culture.
Escola sem Partido: ideologia e discurso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-22)
Toniol, Lucas Cardoso
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Riscal, Sandra Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328618752218708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6741163256395855
In the past few years, the self-styled No Party School Movement (MESP) and their discourses have risen throughout the Brazilian scene. It is understood that the MESP has the potential to cause drastic and at the same time retrograde changes in Brazilian education, especially over the school and in the way it relates itself with the students. Hence, to comprehend the historical construction of the MESP as a discourse, the concepts on which it is based and the types of subjects it seeks to produce and silence, configure an important topic of study in contemporary times. The research developed took the discourses supported by MESP as object of analysis. The analysis undertaken was supported by Michel Foucault's contributions regarding his studies on the production of truths and discourse. In addition, a study was developed on the appropriation and meaningfulness adopted by MESP regarding the concept of ideology, one of the pillars of the Movement, as well as its self-denomination as a social movement. The results provide a broad understanding of MESP as inserted in a neoconservative and neoliberal discursive field, defending an antidemocratic and excluding education project. Consequently, it points to the effects of MESP on teaching subjectivities in terms of control, repression and the construction of the other as a threat.
OxiTidy: motion artifact detection-reduction in photoplethysmographic signals using artificial neural networks
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-22)
Lima, Caíque Santos
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Aroca, Rafael Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064
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Hernandes, André Carmona
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6806138514642732
Nowadays, technological evolution has allowed advances in several areas, especially in healthcare. Digital transformation in health has brought benefits to both professionals and patients. What was possible to do only with high-cost and unwieldy biomedical equipment, has been popularized with the emergence of wearable devices. This technology allows clinical monitoring beyond medical offices, being able to be incorporated into the daily life of patients and working as another tool for prevention and promotion of health and well-being. Among the various features present in wearables is pulse oximetry. Through this non-invasive technique, it is possible to measure physiological parameters, such as oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR). However, the way pulse oximeters are developed and used directly influences the quality of the information provided to the user. Photoplethysmographic (PPG) signals from pulse oximeters are susceptible to noise, which is largely caused by user movement during monitoring. These motion artifacts can cause measurement errors and false alarms. In order to mitigate these issues, this work proposes an algorithm based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) capable of detecting and reducing the undesirable effects produced by noise in PPG signals. The performance of this algorithm, called OxiTidy, was compared with three other approaches — raw, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and simple moving average (SMA) —, using data from 17 healthy volunteers. OxiTidy identified the intervals where the measurements were incorrect and estimate new SpO2 values with a good approximation to the readings performed by a pulse oximeter certified by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa).
King’s Health Questionnaire: propriedades de medida e índice baseado em preferência de mulheres com incontinência urinária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-24)
Rocha, Ana Paula Rodrigues
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Driusso, Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3118450372861560
Urinary incontinence (UI) and overactive bladder (OAB) are highly prevalent and affect women of all ages. Both UI and OAB can be diagnosed from the patient's report. In the case of BH, the report may be related to the urgency to urinate, increased urinary frequency, waking up at night to urinate; the report of UI is related to loss of urine due to effort, urgency or both. The King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) is a questionnaire that aims to verify the quality of life of women with urinary symptoms and has a survey of the presence and severity of symptoms, it is translated and validated for the Brazilian population, however, some properties of measures are still had not been evaluated. In addition, the assessment of the patient's health status can be important for the assessment of utility and consequently be used for economic health assessment, which are important in the decision-making of health managers. Thus, the assessment of health status can be performed using a general or specific quality of life questionnaire. For women with urinary symptoms, utility can be assessed by the Short Form six dimensions (SF-6Dv1) or the five-dimensional KHQ (KHQ-5D). Thus, this thesis aimed to evaluate the properties of KHQ measures and compare the measures of utility of a general questionnaire (SF-6Dv1) and a specific questionnaire (KHQ-5D) for women with UI. The observed results involved a Brazilian version of the KHQ, called KHQ-Br, composed of a structure with five domains, Limitations of daily life, Personal Relationship, Emotions, Sleep/Energy and Severity Measures. In addition, it was possible to observe good reliability, moderate to strong construct validity, in addition to being responsive to physical therapy intervention. Regarding the indexes based on preference, it was possible to observe interaction on the set of values in the comparison between different countries and the presence of UI, also an effect between countries and an effect between groups with and without UI with the SF-6Dv1. In addition, it was possible to observe a small correlation between the indices obtained by a general questionnaire (SF-6Dv1) and a specific questionnaire (KHQ-5D). Conclusion: The Br-KHQ can be composed of a structure with five domains, showed good reliability, moderate to strong correlation of construct validity, and is responsible for physical therapy intervention. In health status assessment, a generalized questionnaire, such as the SF-6Dv1, is preferable for utility assessment, while a specific questionnaire, such as the KHQ-5D, should be used with caution until a new set of values is implemented for health status. Brazilian population.
Derrubando cercas e dialogando saberes: desafios para uma extensão universitária transformadora em assentamentos rurais no sudeste da Amazônia Paraense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-25)
Silva, Leandro Ferreira da
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Santos, Maria Cristina dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3168041714940378
In line with the objectives and purposes for which they were created, it is in the genesis and in the attributions given to the Federal Institutes “to develop extension activities according to the principles and purposes of Vocational and Technological Education (EPT), in articulation with the world of labor and social segments, and with an emphasis on the production, development and dissemination of scientific and technological knowledge” (BRASIL, 2008). In this sense, by establishing the articulations of the EPT through academic and technological knowledge and the surrounding community, the University Extension is understood as spaces for the production of knowledge and the dialogue of systematized knowledge between the academic and the popular that result in the democratization of the knowledge. In this perspective, the starting hypothesis considers the fact that the IFPA - Campus Rural de Marabá (CRMB) is located within a settlement area and both are symbols of the achievements of the struggle and effective action of social and union movements in the countryside for the right to land. and the EPT, resulting in a public education institution based on the concept of rural education, agroecology and pedagogical alternation. Therefore, these characteristics changed the logic of making the University Extension, making it more transformative. In this research, the question is: Have university extension practices for agrarian reform settlers in the southeast of Pará Amazon in the EPT experiences in the IFPA-CRMB field have been marketing, assistentialist and/or transformative? In order to answer this question, the objective of this thesis is to understand the extensionist practices affirmed to the settlers in the EPT field experiences, taking as a case the IFPA-CRMB and the Agrarian Reform Settlements. For this, the research combines four distinct and interconnected studies. The first study describes the struggle for land and the constitution of rural settlements in southeastern Pará and the presence of the IFPA-CRMB within this territory; second, it seeks to discuss the conceptions and foundations of the EPT through the analysis of the work and education category, which give us support to discuss the ideas that were being established and the factors that influenced and legitimized the conceptions of the EPT in the face of the interests of the ruling class and the training the workforce in the stages of Brazilian capitalist development; The third seeks to base itself on legal and theoretical frameworks that deal with the concepts and conceptions of University Extension and its identity, as well as its constitution over time and its relationship with teaching and research and the place it occupies today in EPT ; and the fourth presents the University Extension at EPT at IFPA-CRMB through its projects, narratives and experiences. As part of this stage, a study was carried out of five extension projects carried out with the Agrarian Reform settlers with a focus on the dialogue of knowledge. For the scope of the research, the investigation took the perspective of historical-dialectical materialism, and used as a methodological route: bibliometrics, document analysis, semi-structured remote interview and virtual questionnaire. The results achieved allow us to conclude that the university extension carried out in the Settlements, despite the limitations found, can play a significant and transformative role in these territories in order to overcome inequalities. Studies show that university extension, when constituted from the constant interaction between the IFPA-CRMB, social movements, settlers and all democratic forces in society, can gain contours that transcend a welfare and/or marketing extensionist conception.
Nanocellulose removes the need for chemical crosslinking in tannin-based rigid foams and enhances their strength and fire retardancy
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-25)
Missio, André Luiz
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Otoni, Caio Gomide
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Zhao, Bin
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Beaumont, Marco
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Khakalo, Alexey
Thermal insulation and fire protection are two of the most critical features affecting energy efficiency and safety in built environments. Together with the associated environmental footprint, there is a strong need to consider new insulation materials. Tannin rigid foams have been proposed as viable and sustainable alternatives to expanded polyurethanes, traditionally used in building enveloping. Tannin foams structure result from polymerization with furfuryl alcohol via self-expanding. We further introduce cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) as a reinforcing agent that eliminates the need for chemical crosslinking during foam formation. CNF forms highly entangled and interconnected nanonetworks, at solid fractions as low as 0.1 wt %, enabling the formation of foams that are ca. 30% stronger and ca. 25% lighter compared to those produced with formaldehyde, currently known as one of the best performers in chemically coupling tannin and furfuryl alcohol. Compared to the those chemically crosslinked, our CNF-reinforced tannin foams display higher thermal degradation temperature (peak shifted upward, by 30–50 °C) and fire resistance (40% decrease in mass loss). Furthermore, we demonstrate partially hydrophobized CNF to tailor the foam microstructure and derived physical–mechanical properties. In sum, green and sustainable foams, stronger, lighter, and more resistant to fire are demonstrated compared to those produced by formaldehyde crosslinking.
O direito à moradia como cumprimento da função social da propriedade pública: um estudo de caso do Programa Minha Morada de Araraquara-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-25)
Cunha, Camila Marques Paes da
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Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2226367541711810
The right to housing has been discussed more widely in Brazil since the 1980s, when popular movements for the right to live in a dignified manner emerged. As a result, debates on urban property and its social function also gain space in the urban policy scenario. When observing the country's housing deficit, it is clear that this discussion is still current. With the approval of the City Statute in 2001, new tools appear for the organization of urban territory and enable the production of housing of social interest. In this sense, this work addresses issues of the right to the city, mainly in the context of the Federal Constitution of 1988, discusses the social function of the city and property, especially that of public urban property, and argues that the government can provide housing of social interest as a way of fulfilling the social function of the urban voids of public property. From the case study of the Minha Morada Program, a local initiative of the municipality of Araraquara-SP, it analyzes the program that allocates empty urban areas of public property to a program of urbanized lots, in view of the insufficiency federal housing policies and the inadequacy of the social profile of the population that makes up most of the deficit. The results demonstrate that by allocating areas well served by infrastructure and public facilities for a housing policy that serves the most socioeconomically vulnerable population, the program seeks to fulfill the social function of public urban property, promoting decent housing within the local context, meeting the specificities of the city's housing deficit.
Avaliação da aprendizagem, formação docente e atuação profissional: uma análise desse processo na perspectiva de professores da educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-25)
Natal, Isabella
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Onofre, Márcia Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7176529351192598
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9780002643811861
This study has as perspective the promotion of data that contribute to the improvement of the evaluation practices, as well as to a review in the approaches of the evaluation theme in the teacher education courses. Our goal is to analyze the understanding of teachers about the assessment of learning approached in the process of initial training and the consequences of the discipline of Educational Assessment in their professional performance. In this sense, the research contemplates as specific objectives the necessity to: investigate what teachers understand by evaluation, what they defend and what they propose; identify the evaluation practices mentioned by teachers in the teaching-learning process; punctuate the limits and the reaches of the evaluation practices pointed out by teachers in their professional performance. The research is based on the epistemology of practice as a theoretical strand and on authors such as: Tardif (2000, 2012), Nóvoa (1992, 2017, 2019) and Gauthier et al (1998), to discuss the knowledge that underlies both the training and the professional performance of teachers; in addition to Freitas (1995, 2009), Hoffmann (1995, 2005, 2008), Luckesi (1995, 2000 e 2011), Vasconcellos (2006) and Villas Boas (2011), who deal with learning evaluation and its implications in Basic Education. Based on a qualitative approach, Bogdan and Biklen (1994), Lüdke and André (1986) and Gil (2008), and an exploratory-descriptive study (SELLTIZ et al, 1965), the analysis was developed with the completion of questionnaires applied to teachers mostly working in the public education system, graduates of the undergraduate courses of a higher education institution, an Autarchy under private law in the city of Avaré, São Paulo, who attended the subject Educational Assessment, offered by the institution. The analyzed data were organized into four category of analysis: 1) identity profile of professional training; 2) evaluation of learning, curriculum and initial training; 3) evaluation of learning and professional knowledge; 4) evaluation of learning and pedagogical practices. The results point to a probable contribution of the discipline of Educational Assessment in the initial training and possible reflexes on the professional performance, promoting the appropriation of concepts incorporated into the teachers' speeches, from a diagnostic, formative and procedural perspective, collaborating with the diversity of processes and allowing a more reflective and investigative posture focused on student learning.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de filtros de poliacrilonitrila incorporados com nanopartículas e surfactantes para aplicação biocida na filtração de ar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-25)
Silva, Edilton Nunes da
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Béttega, Vádila Giovana Guerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0752059622240208
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0096-6329
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9372099776618325
Suspended particulate matter in the air represents a significant health risk, potentially leading to severe respiratory diseases. Bioaerosols, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, are also part of this particulate matter and can be inhaled, causing illnesses such as influenza, tuberculosis, and COVID-19. Electrospun filters are particularly effective for capturing these particulates due to their high surface area. Additionally, these filters can be enhanced by incorporating nanoparticles and surfactants into their fibers, which improves their filtration efficiency and imparts biocidal properties. This study focuses on developing a filtration medium using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) combined with compounds that provide biocidal characteristics and assessing how these compounds affect filtration performance. The compounds investigated include zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and surfactants like cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Electrospinning was employed to produce nanofibers at the nanometer scale. In the initial phase, electrospinning parameters were optimized using only ZnO. Nanofibers made from PAN at varying concentrations (8%, 9%, and 10% w/w) were combined with ZnO nanoparticles at different levels (5%, 10%, and 15%). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to measure fiber diameters, and a 2³ factorial design was applied to determine the optimal conditions for PAN and ZnO concentrations and voltage to produce nanofibers with the smallest diameters, enhancing filtration efficiency. In the subsequent phase, the optimized conditions were used to produce nanofibers containing 15% ZnO nanoparticles and surfactants (CTAB, CPC, and SDS) at concentrations of 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%. Characterization of the solutions was conducted for viscosity and conductivity, and the resulting filters were analyzed using SEM, FTIR, TGA, DSC, and contact angle measurements. The bactericidal and virucidal activities of the filters were also assessed. The findings revealed that the filtering media had nanofiber diameters ranging from 431 to 712 nm, with filtration efficiencies reaching up to 99.80% and a pressure drop of 170 Pa. Furthermore, filters containing surfactants showed bactericidal effects greater than 99% against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and virucidal effects exceeding 99% against SARS-CoV-2.
A produção de Habitação Social em Indaiatuba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-26)
Santos, Ingrid Rosa dos
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Franca, Gilberto Cunha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0983946781650048
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1300570082394129
This work aims to analyze, in Indaiatuba, a medium-sized city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, the relationship between the implementation of projects dedicated to social housing, from the first projects in the 1970's to the most recent, produced by the Program Minha Casa Minha Vida until 2020, and the consequences arising from these projects in the urban environment. It seeks to assess the role that legislation – federal and municipal – played in these cases, and how urban fragmentation impacted the formation and configuration of these spaces.
Processo de dobramento a frio de chapas finas metálicas: análises por elementos finitos, experimentos e uma proposta para a compensação do retorno elástico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-26)
Silva, Jonatan Augusto da
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Evangelista, Sérgio Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1610397432103491
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0508632882582892
Mechanical forming operations are developed in several applications in industrial environments and are divided into some different operations, including cutting, bending, forging. Among the various processes, the bending operation, although quite simple, presents a phenomenon that appears when the load is relieved, and this phenomenon is known as springback. The springback, which is also known as elastic material return, causes the material to partially return to its initial state that it presented before the bending process, which is a problem of great relevance in the industrial environment, which provides a gap research in order to minimize its impacts. The goal of this work is to propose alternatives to predict the elastic behavior of aluminum sheets when undergoing the bending process, suggesting possible changes during the process, such as the application of forces and adjustments to tools and molds. The applied methodology consists of experimentally studying the behavior of the springback during the application of folds in aluminum plates and comparing its results using numerical simulation resources with finite elements applying the Abaqus® software for the modeling and simulation of the process. A metallographic analysis must be performed before and another after the test to present the study of the microstructural variation in line with the springback behavior. Through the analysis of these, it is expected to be possible to propose significant changes in the process so that the negative effects of the emergence of springback are minimized, thus elaborating extended variations for a range of fold operations using the same materials. It was possible to conclude that the compensation proposal presented satisfactory results in the numerical and experimental analyzes using the solution proposed in the course of the work, which al inserting changes in the geometry of the matrices provided bending results close to the expected values.
Synthesis of isoamyl esters from soybean oil deodorizer distillate by enzymatic catalysis for biolubricant applications
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-26)
Silva, Rafael de Araujo
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3644040952695236
Lubricants are among the many products whose manufacture is highly dependent on nonrenewable fossil resources, with high levels of production and a vast marketplace, so they are the focus of many environmental laws around the word. Currently, this market includes some biobased products, known as biolubricants, although they represent a very small fraction of this sector and have certain limitations. Studies concerning the development of new products, raw materials, and processes are essential for the expansion and commercial success of biolubricants. Therefore, the aim of this work was: evaluating the production of biolubricant base stocks such as fatty acid isoamyl esters (FAIEs) from soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SODD) as a fatty acids source, together with isoamyl alcohol (a byproduct from bioethanol fermentation and the main constituent of fusel oil), catalyzed by free Eversa Transform 2.0 lipase and Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase (PFL) immobilized by the hybrid nanoflower (hNF) method. Experimental design and response surface methodology were applied to define the parameters for PFL immobilization using hNFs (hNF-PFL), viz. protein concentration, metal concentration and immobilization pH, and for FAIEs production, viz. SODD/isoamyl alcohol molar ratio, reaction temperature, the enzyme mass and secant salt mass (for the reactions with hNF-PFL). Studies of the incubation step of the synthesis using hNF-PFL enabled the incubation time to be reduced from 72 h (static immobilization medium at 25 °C) to just 20 min using ultrasound, without losses of immobilization yield (IY) or immobilized activity (IA). The optimized IY and IA values for hNF-PFL were 54 and 64 TBU%, respectively. The hNF-PFL showed high operational stability, maintaining practically the same reaction yield (RY) values during 8 cycles, over a total of 192 h. At the 10th cycle (total of 240 h), the material presented relative RY of 80%, compared to the earlier cycles. In the production of FAIEs using ETL 2.0 with molecular sieve (for moisture control) at 39 and 9 wt.% (molecular sieve mass / SODD mass), RY values of 50 and 70 wt.% were achieved, respectively. When hNF-PFL was employed in the FAIEs synthesis, RY of 64 wt.% was obtained, without the use of a moisture control agent. Products of partial conversion of SODD into FAIEs, catalyzed by ETL 2.0, with RY of 44 and 55 wt.%, and catalyzed by hNF-PFL, with RY of 56 and 57 wt.%, presented physicochemical characteristics similar to those of commercial biolubricant base stocks. Therefore, this doctoral thesis has the potential to contribute economically to the lubricant market through an environmentally friendly enzymatic process for the synthesis of a base stock from by-products of the national industry.
Educação no campo e luta de classes: um estudo sobre a produção acadêmica do GEPEC no período de 2010 a 2020 e sua atuação na formação inicial e continuada de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-07-26)
Santos, Patric Oberdan dos
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Bezerra Neto, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4809080593333472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6140553652939628
Historically education aimed at the working class has not been a priority in Brazil. The expansion of the offer of Elementary Education only began to receive some attention from the national political class from the 1930s onwards, due to the need to train a workforce to boost the economic development project established by the government of Getúlio Vargas, guided by the binomial “urbanization-industrialization”. The universalization of Basic Education (Child Education, Elementary School and High School) is still a challenge to be effectively faced. Higher Education, in turn, has become an almost exclusive privilege of the ruling class, systematically denied to the working class, especially to peasants. In the perspective of undertaking the research, we defined as a first objective to verify the importance of scientific production and the contribution of the Group of Studies and Research in Education in the Field of the Federal University of São Carlos (GEPEC/UFSCar) for the development and improvement of public education, in especially that of the countryside; and as a specific objective to analyze the relationship between Marxian/Marxist theoretical foundations on education for rural populations and Historical-Critical Pedagogy (PHC). The methodology chosen for the development of the investigation had two fronts. The first consisted of a bibliographic approach, where we searched for the productions developed by GEPEC. The second methodology included a documental research, we sought to locate official documents that allowed us to understand the historical context of the creation of the Group. We conclude that GEPEC constitutes an important space for discussion about the realities that characterize life and work in the countryside through analyses, interpretations and reflections on education for rural populations, as well as for the knowledge and recognition of the importance of action and the role of social movements in the struggle and defense of agrarian reform and education.