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Caracterização da própolis verde do sudoeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Souza, Larissa Lóren de; Mello, Beatriz Camargo Barros de Silveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0561319136884757; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0145015483494323
Propolis is a bee product based on plants resins, bee's salivary secretions, wax and pollen. Brazilian varieties of propolis (green, red, brown) are divided 13 groups according to the chemical composition. This study aimed to determine the chemical characterization of green propolis from the Southwest of São Paulo, produce extracts, and characterize them in terms of phenolic and flavonoid compounds concentration, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Besides, the study compares the properties of green propolis from the Southwest of São Paulo with green and red propolis from the Brazilian Northeast, large producers of bee products, but not focused on propolis. It was produced ethanolic extracts, with the variables time, solvent (alcohol) concentration and temperature. The antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined for extracts with higher concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The parameter insoluble residue in methanol was the only one out of the limits established by the law. Combining 40°C, alcohol 70% and 7 days were the best way to produce extracts of green propolis from southwest of São Paulo with higher concentrations of flavonoids. All propolis presented a high concentration of phenolic compounds and the DPPH sequestering ranged from 89.28% to 96.00%. Extracts with higher concentrations of flavonoid showed potential antimicrobial action on E. coli and S. aureus. In general, considering the characteristics evaluated, green propolis from the Southwest of São Paulo was superior to green and red propolis from Brazilian Northeast.
Redes de distribuição de água e a transformação digital: identificação de tendências e lacunas com apoio em análise bibliométrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Ferreira, Ligia Lulai; Achon, Cali Laguna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0307406069325793; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584612181130878
Due to the dynamic nature of water distribution systems, their operational management ideally should be supported by hydraulic modeling, which is recommended by ABNT NBR 12.218/2017 as a planning and operation instrument. Hydraulic models are tools capable of representing in simulations the behavior of the system, according to its physical, logical and topological configuration, making it possible to analyze its current conditions and make predictions. In order to achieve the purpose of operational management supported by modeling, instead of only using it as punctual applications for specific analysis, the quality of the asset register, real-time monitoring capabilities, data analysis, forecasting and anomaly detection models are increasingly relevant. Given NBR 12.218; Decree No. 9.9.83, of 2019, which sets as a goal the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for engineering works and services; and Decree No. 10.306 which determines BIM be applied to building’s operations and management as far year 2028, the objective of this research was to investigate the relationships between these tools in the context of the water sector’s digital transformation focusing on water distribution networks. Therefore, a literature bibliometric review was conducted based on three research axes, comprising 114 articles: 1) Hydraulic modeling and operational management; 2) Information models and distribution networks; 3) Smart water and related concepts. Among the main results, it was observed that until 2015, the research focus mostly lied on subjects related to hydraulic modeling and calibration methods. From 2016, topics related to more dynamic approaches, such as real-time monitoring, cyber security and smart water started gaining traction, with great interest in smart metering and the use of IoT technologies. There was a prevalence of studies focusing on technical solutions addressing benchmark systems, considering systems already calibrated and with well-known hydraulic parameters, and a gap was found in research relating to the practical needs of service providers, such as business cases evidencing the advantages and opportunities of return on investments in digital technologies.
Dieta de Lycalopex cf. gymnocercus (Carnivora: Canidae) na zona de hibridação da espécie
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Clerici, Giannina Piatto; Sanches, Alexandra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4999886032379825; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0335277710403077
The study of the feeding habits of carnivores is essential to understand the dynamics of the ecosystems in which they are inserted, since carnivores play a fundamental role in controlling prey and, for those whose diet is omnivorous, they can also act as seed dispersers. The present study aimed to evaluate the feeding habits of individuals of pampas fox (Lycalopex cf. gymnocercus) in the hybridization zone of the species, in an agricultural area in the interior of São Paulo, being the first study with this species. in the state, since, until recently, the species was restricted to southern Brazil. Through analysis of feces collected during a year, both from adults and young, it was possible to describe the diet of individuals residing in the area of Fazenda do Zoológico de São Paulo. Adults had a more varied diet than the young, consuming 28 taxa among vertebrates, invertebrates and plant material, in addition to different anthropic materials, such as aluminum foil, rubber and textile fabric. In general, invertebrates are consumed most frequently, followed by vertebrates and plant matter. However, consumption frequencies vary over the seasons, probably according to the availability of items. The offspring consumed 13 taxa, including vertebrates, invertebrates and plant matter (in addition to anthropic material - aluminum foil), with vertebrates being the most consumed items, which is expected, since they need higher levels of protein for their development. Despite the generalist diet, the niche breadth (calculated by the Simpson index) was low, both for adults and for pups. It is possible that opportunistic habits of individuals have generated this data, since, despite consuming a wide variety of taxa, most are consumed at low frequencies, while few are consumed at high frequencies. The studied individuals seem to tolerate modified environments, being able to consume urban garbage, domestic fruits and exotic species. However, the consumption of anthropic materials brings an alert about the risks of these environments and the proximity to humans, factors that need to be better studied. Finally, it is expected that the data obtained here can help in future management and conservation strategies, since the species is not native to the state and possible impacts on native fauna and flora are still unknown.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de biocompósitos de blendas TPU/PCL com hidroxiapatita para produção de scaffolds bioativos via impressão 3D
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Pinto, Leonardo Alves; Backes, Eduardo Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2604-686X; Pessan, Luiz Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8276650236213537; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7137687172390324; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-7424
The increasing need for biological tissues to treat defects caused by disease or injury has demanded new solutions to provide functional substitutes that supply tissue shortages and suit the needs of each patient. In this perspective, the present dissertation sought to develop biocomposites based on polyurethane/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (TPU/PCL) polymer blends with hydroxyapatite (HA) to produce scaffolds via 3D printing aiming tissue engineering combining biocompatibility and bioactivity with the tissue and with its ability to a relatively simple adjustment of shape and size with thermal stimulation. For this purpose, different biocomposites were produced with the matrix of TPU, PCL, and TPU/PCL blends (in proportions of 75/25, 50/50 and 75/25), with HA filler content varying up to 20% wt. These were processed in a torque rheometer. The thermal, rheological, morphological, mechanical, printability and cell line biocompatibility characteristics were investigated. The scaffolds were produced with the crushed material of the rheometer and using a 3D printer with a syringe extruder. The results of the thermal, rheological and mechanical characterizations showed that the blends and the biocomposites from them showed intermediate behavior between the TPU and PCL matrices and their respective biocomposites with HA. The addition of HA intensified degradation reactions, mainly of the TPU matrix. In test with cell line in plates from TPU, blends of 75/25 and biocomposites with up to 10% wt of HA in these matrices, the results showed that such formulations allow cell proliferation. The scaffolds produced with the blend of 75/25 and biocomposites with up to 10% wt, showed high values of fixation (≥ 71%) and shape recovery (≥ 90%) at a temperature of 55 ºC for 20 s. The mechanical properties of the printed scaffolds exhibited values close to the threshold required for human cancellous bone grafting.
Adaptação transcultural e propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do questionário Impacto da Neurofibromatose tipo 1 na Qualidade de Vida (INF1-QoL)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Bicudo, Natália Parenti; Melo, Débora Gusmão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2587800992546559; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3531486985796002
Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder with numerous dermatological manifestations and cosmetic implications. The disease affects both sexes and its global incidence is estimated at 1 in 2,500 births. NF1 has virtually complete penetrance after childhood, although its expressiveness is highly variable. The cumulative risk of malignancy in individuals with NF1 up to age 50 years has been estimated at 20 to 39%. The complications of NF1 can substantially affect the quality of life, which led to the development of a specific questionnaire to assess the quality of life of patients with NF1, entitled INF1-QoL (Impact of NF1 on Quality of Life) and published in 2017 by a group of UK researchers. The INF1-QoL is a 14-item questionnaire with answers on a scale of 0 to 3. The maximum potential score for the questionnaire is 42, with higher scores indicating a worse quality of life. In addition, the questionnaire contains a final open question about the impact of NF1 on quality of life. The original INF1-QoL, in English, has good psychometric properties and has been considered suitable as an assessment tool both in clinical practice and in therapeutic trials. Aims: To contribute to the investigation of the impact of NF1 on the quality of life of affected individuals, through (1) the development of a NF1 visibility self-evaluation scale, (2) the cross-cultural adaptation of the INF1-QoL into Portuguese, and (3) the analysis of the measurement properties of the INF1-QoL in a sample of Brazilian individuals with NF1. Methodology: Descriptive and transversal research that used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative). Firstly, a scale of self-evaluation on NF1 visibility was developed, which could be assigned by the own individual, and that categorized people with NF1 concerning the visibility of the disease into 3 degrees: mild, moderate, and severe. Secondly, a cross-cultural adaptation of the INF1-QoL was carried out, following the steps recommended for instruments in the health area: translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, semantic validation, linguistic review by experts and people with NF1, and final review by an advisory committee. Finally, a pre-test was carried out, from which the psychometric properties of the INF1-QoL in Portuguese were investigated: floor and ceiling effects, reliability (Cronbach's alpha index), internal construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), and external construct validity (convergent validity and known-groups validity). Non-parametric tests were used to analyze the relation of the variable “quality of life” concerning the sociodemographic and clinical factors of the individuals; the significance level adopted was 5%. In addition, the answers to the last question of the INF1-QoL were submitted for thematic analysis, and the themes were discussed through a comprehensive and interpretive approach. Results: Three initial translations of the INF1-QoL into Portuguese were performed by independent translators; later, the synthesis of the translations was carried out, and the INF1-QoL was back-translated into the original language; the translated and back-translated versions were semantically evaluated by the advisory committee and by one of the authors of the original questionnaire; linguistic validation of the INF1-QoL was carried out by 20 specialists (doctors and nurses) and by 33 people with NF1, to establish the final version of the INF1-QoL in Portuguese. The pre-test included 101 adults with NF1 aged 18 to 59 years, with a mean age of 35.54 years (9.63) and a female predominance (n = 84, 83.16%). The average total score of the INF1-QoL was 10.62 (±5.63), with a median of 10, a minimum value of 0, a maximum of 31 points, a floor effect of 2%, and a 0% ceiling effect. The results of Cronbach's alpha showed high reliability of the INF1-QoL questionnaire as a whole (0.8009) and also of each of its questions. The factor analysis indicated two latent factors as being the most representative of the dataset and explaining 49% of the variance of the results. The factor structure presented adequate composite reliability indices, replicability estimates, and adjustment indices. Convergent construct validity was analyzed, indicating a statistically significant positive correlation between the INF1-QoL score and the degree of disease visibility (rho=0.218; p=0.028). The INF1-QoL was able to discriminate between the subgroups of individuals according to educational level (p=0.003), evidencing the known-group validity of the instrument. From the qualitative analysis, we discerned nine main themes: (1) uncertainties regarding the future; (2) irritability and nervousness; (3) physical pain and limitations; (4) depression and self-esteem issues; (5) concern about the risk of recurrence; (6) learning difficulties; (7) low disease appreciation; (8) sleep problems; and (9) prejudice and confusion with contagious disease. Conclusions: The scale of self-evaluation on NF1 visibility developed and evaluated in this study proved to be, a priori, a useful instrument for self-classifying the visibility of NF1. The INF1-QoL questionnaire was translated, adapted, and validated in the Brazilian context, allowing future studies on quality of life in people with NF1 to be conducted and providing health professionals with instruments to care for patients with NF1.
Análise da interface da coleta de resíduos sólidos domiciliares e recicláveis com a pandemia da Covid-19 no município de Araraquara (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Morais, Mariana Sedenho de; Ventura, Katia Sakihama; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1524247191675606
Covid-19 changed the way of life of the world's population, affecting developed and underdeveloped countries with different coping capacities. Due to the rapid viral spread, Brazil has accounted for a large number of deaths and Brazilians contaminated by the virus. The main form of contamination occurs through droplets in the nose, mouth, and eyes, and it can remain on inanimate surfaces for up to 9 days. In this context, there is the possibility of the presence of the virus in the materials. The general objective was to analyze the impacts of Covid-19 on the collection of household solid waste (HSW) and recyclable waste (RW) in Araraquara (SP), in the period from March 2020 to April 2022. The methodology consisted of characterization of the study area (step 1), literature review about solid waste management (step 2), monitoring of disease cases, social isolation and vaccination (step 3), and analysis of the interface of HSW and RW collection with Covid-19 (step 4). The main results were: the reduction of regular collection and/or interruption of selective collection at the beginning of the pandemic due to doubts regarding the risk of contamination, with subsequent resumption according to the recommendations; the reduction in the mass collected from HSW and RW, especially in months with higher numbers of cases, by approximately -12.5 and -7.1%, respectively, in relation to PMGIRS; the increase in the use of plastic materials and cardboard by 9.64% and 31.66% due to a greater disposal of single-use packaging and utensils; the influence of social isolation and vaccination of the population in reducing cases of the disease; and a greater number of worker absences in the municipality's cooperative in months with greater numbers of cases, indicating their vulnerability to the disease. The research achieved the proposed objectives, and showed that the pandemic caused a rapid change in the population's lifestyle and behavior, reflecting on the composition and generation of waste. The research achieved the proposed objectives, and showed that the pandemic caused a rapid change in lifestyle and behavior of the population, reflecting in the composition and generation of waste. Thus, this study contains recommendations for the management of HSW and RW, aiming to guide waste management in future pandemic events.
Controle biológico de fungos fitopatogênicos por Phyllosticta citricarpa e sua aplicação para biorremediação de solos contaminados por herbicidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Gadanhoto, Biana Pelissari; Montagnolli, Renato Nallin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7455124733755299; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3484787206662346
Citriculture is one of the most representative sectors of the Brazilian agro-industrial scenario. In view of the diseases that most affect this crop, the Citrus Black Spot (MPC) stands out, whose pathogen is the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa. Essentially an exhibition of capacity in the bark, teasing demand from table trade. In more severe cases the drop in production, in large volume productions. Controlling this pest requires recurrent applications of fungicides, in addition to other pesticides such as herbicides, to control weeds. Many of these environmental chemicals bring adversity and quality of biodiversity. In this scenario, biological control and bioprospecting of natural processes have stood out. The present project explores the bioactive potential of Phyllosticta citricarpa for biological control and soil bioremediation. For this is an antifungal activity of Phyllosticta citricarpa against the phytopathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium verticillioides, by means of culture and disc diffusion with crude extractor, where it was possible to determine that an agent of metabolite production is a factor of gross growth of or of cellular resistance structures as in the case of Sclerotinia scleotiorum. Presentation tests with commercial seed treatment similar to chemical fungicides for Soybean, Wheat, Sorghum and Bean crops. For corn, the fungic control was of superior quality to the commercial one. The biodegradation process of contaminated samples with the herbicides used in citrus cultivation, Oxyfluorfem (pre-emergent) and Flumioxazina (pre- and post-emergent) were selected as the method of analysis of respirometry and colorimetry, where it was observed that the biodegradation of contaminants by the action of soil microorganisms and by the presence of Phyllosticta citricarpa generated a greater production of CO2 and consequent biodegradation biodegradation, mainly in the test of the herbicide Oxyfluorfem (852.28 mg of CO2), correlated to the growth velocity test , also showed a better development, even though the morphological characteristics of the fungus had gone through a dysmorphic process. The discoloration tests reaffirm the biodegradation results of the respirometry, where there is the process by the soil microbial community (12 and 15 hours), but present higher biodegradation values added to the study inoculum (7 and 8 hours). The test organisms present sub-lethal effects exposed to the contaminants and when subjected to the presence of the crude extract the toxicity effect is attenuated, reinforcing the effectiveness of the extract in minimizing the negative effects of herbicides in the face of environmental scenarios.
Entraves e etapas do processo de regularização fundiária urbana no interior de São Paulo, o uso dos RPAS no mapeamento dos núcleos irregulares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Kolland Junior, Marcos; Stanganini, Fábio Noel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6774358264004600; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998054688443100
This work is part of a series of studies developed in the Graduate Program in Urban Engineering (PPGEU), the object of study is the practice and development of urban land regularization in Brazil. According to several reports and evidence, in ancient civilizations the use of Cartography was already present as a way of representing and organizing the physical surface of the earth, as well as the important objects and phenomena contained therein, generally with the purpose of carrying out and organizing the development of society as a whole. Approximately half of the Brazilian properties are in an irregular situation, and with the current state of technology, together with the popularization of Remotely Piloted Aircraft, it has been used in a very present way in the organization of the use and occupation of the land by the different spheres of the public and private power. Land tenure regularization is the set of legal, technical, urban, environmental and social measures aimed at the regularization of properties, subdivisions, settlements and the titling of their occupants. This work presents a brief history and synthesis of specific regulations, through the use and development of a methodology where the stages of the land regularization process are divided into ten topics. The process was carried out in a partially irregular subdivision with approximately 4500 lots, where aerophotogrammetric techniques, equipment and software were used together with GNSS receivers to obtain the cartographic products, which were subsidy material for the study and application of REURB-E. The results of the present study conditioned the understanding of the current situation of the subdivision, the classification and quantification of properties, linked to the realization of the REURB project, which, finally, seeks to deliver in a didactic way a guide for carrying out similar engineering activities.
Configurações urbanas, fatores socioeconômicos e conforto térmico em São José do Rio Preto, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02) Menegaldo, Vanize; Pereira, Camila Tavares; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3065780693111631; Masiero, Érico; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0228285697883691
Urban settings and socioeconomic factors possibly related to an urban thermal comfort condition. This work seeks to investigate the relationship between environmental comfort and urban environmental settings in the city of São José do Rio Preto. The was developed through the analysis of four urban areas, two in areas of methodology and two areas by constructive pattern, and two elevations of special social interest. Based on the definition of the four representative urban areas, campaigns were carried out to collect data on temperature and air humidity simultaneously with the collection of reports from passers-by on perception and satisfaction with the thermal environment. The information was adjusted and converted into the Physiological Equivalent Temperature Index - PET, adopting it as a parameter of thermal comfort. In this way, it was possible to evaluate based on the characteristics of each area, such as environmental and relational comfort conditions with the socioeconomic factors that were formed. The green results point to the need for greater attention to public areas, especially in less privileged areas of infrastructure, in order to obtain the most urban and thermally balanced urban areas. However, the socioeconomic factor was not predominant in relation to the other constructive factors, such as the H/W ratio, FVC, permeability and the distribution of green areas.