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Desenvolvimento e caracterização de biocompósitos de blendas TPU/PCL com hidroxiapatita para produção de scaffolds bioativos via impressão 3D
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Pinto, Leonardo Alves
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Backes, Eduardo Henrique
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2604-686X
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Pessan, Luiz Antonio
The increasing need for biological tissues to treat defects caused by disease or injury has demanded new solutions to provide functional substitutes that supply tissue shortages and suit the needs of each patient. In this perspective, the present dissertation sought to develop biocomposites based on polyurethane/poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (TPU/PCL) polymer blends with hydroxyapatite (HA) to produce scaffolds via 3D printing aiming tissue engineering combining biocompatibility and bioactivity with the tissue and with its ability to a relatively simple adjustment of shape and size with thermal stimulation. For this purpose, different biocomposites were produced with the matrix of TPU, PCL, and TPU/PCL blends (in proportions of 75/25, 50/50 and 75/25), with HA filler content varying up to 20% wt. These were processed in a torque rheometer. The thermal, rheological, morphological, mechanical, printability and cell line biocompatibility characteristics were investigated. The scaffolds were produced with the crushed material of the rheometer and using a 3D printer with a syringe extruder. The results of the thermal, rheological and mechanical characterizations showed that the blends and the biocomposites from them showed intermediate behavior between the TPU and PCL matrices and their respective biocomposites with HA. The addition of HA intensified degradation reactions, mainly of the TPU matrix. In test with cell line in plates from TPU, blends of 75/25 and biocomposites with up to 10% wt of HA in these matrices, the results showed that such formulations allow cell proliferation. The scaffolds produced with the blend of 75/25 and biocomposites with up to 10% wt, showed high values of fixation (≥ 71%) and shape recovery (≥ 90%) at a temperature of 55 ºC for 20 s. The mechanical properties of the printed scaffolds exhibited values close to the threshold required for human cancellous bone grafting.
Caracterização da própolis verde do sudoeste paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Souza, Larissa Lóren de
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Mello, Beatriz Camargo Barros de Silveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0561319136884757
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0145015483494323
Propolis is a bee product based on plants resins, bee's salivary secretions, wax and pollen. Brazilian varieties of propolis (green, red, brown) are divided 13 groups according to the chemical composition. This study aimed to determine the chemical characterization of green propolis from the Southwest of São Paulo, produce extracts, and characterize them in terms of phenolic and flavonoid compounds concentration, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Besides, the study compares the properties of green propolis from the Southwest of São Paulo with green and red propolis from the Brazilian Northeast, large producers of bee products, but not focused on propolis. It was produced ethanolic extracts, with the variables time, solvent (alcohol) concentration and temperature. The antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was determined for extracts with higher concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. The parameter insoluble residue in methanol was the only one out of the limits established by the law. Combining 40°C, alcohol 70% and 7 days were the best way to produce extracts of green propolis from southwest of São Paulo with higher concentrations of flavonoids. All propolis presented a high concentration of phenolic compounds and the DPPH sequestering ranged from 89.28% to 96.00%. Extracts with higher concentrations of flavonoid showed potential antimicrobial action on E. coli and S. aureus. In general, considering the characteristics evaluated, green propolis from the Southwest of São Paulo was superior to green and red propolis from Brazilian Northeast.
Redes de distribuição de água e a transformação digital: identificação de tendências e lacunas com apoio em análise bibliométrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Ferreira, Ligia Lulai
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Achon, Cali Laguna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0307406069325793
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584612181130878
Due to the dynamic nature of water distribution systems, their operational management ideally should be supported by hydraulic modeling, which is recommended by ABNT NBR 12.218/2017 as a planning and operation instrument. Hydraulic models are tools capable of representing in simulations the behavior of the system, according to its physical, logical and topological configuration, making it possible to analyze its current conditions and make predictions. In order to achieve the purpose of operational management supported by modeling, instead of only using it as punctual applications for specific analysis, the quality of the asset register, real-time monitoring capabilities, data analysis, forecasting and anomaly detection models are increasingly relevant. Given NBR 12.218; Decree No. 9.9.83, of 2019, which sets as a goal the implementation of Building Information Modeling (BIM) for engineering works and services; and Decree No. 10.306 which determines BIM be applied to building’s operations and management as far year 2028, the objective of this research was to investigate the relationships between these tools in the context of the water sector’s digital transformation focusing on water distribution networks. Therefore, a literature bibliometric review was conducted based on three research axes, comprising 114 articles: 1) Hydraulic modeling and operational management; 2) Information models and distribution networks; 3) Smart water and related concepts. Among the main results, it was observed that until 2015, the research focus mostly lied on subjects related to hydraulic modeling and calibration methods. From 2016, topics related to more dynamic approaches, such as real-time monitoring, cyber security and smart water started gaining traction, with great interest in smart metering and the use of IoT technologies. There was a prevalence of studies focusing on technical solutions addressing benchmark systems, considering systems already calibrated and with well-known hydraulic parameters, and a gap was found in research relating to the practical needs of service providers, such as business cases evidencing the advantages and opportunities of return on investments in digital technologies.
Dieta de Lycalopex cf. gymnocercus (Carnivora: Canidae) na zona de hibridação da espécie
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Clerici, Giannina Piatto
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Sanches, Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4999886032379825
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0335277710403077
The study of the feeding habits of carnivores is essential to understand the dynamics of the ecosystems in which they are inserted, since carnivores play a fundamental role in controlling prey and, for those whose diet is omnivorous, they can also act as seed dispersers. The present study aimed to evaluate the feeding habits of individuals of pampas fox (Lycalopex cf. gymnocercus) in the hybridization zone of the species, in an agricultural area in the interior of São Paulo, being the first study with this species. in the state, since, until recently, the species was restricted to southern Brazil. Through analysis of feces collected during a year, both from adults and young, it was possible to describe the diet of individuals residing in the area of Fazenda do Zoológico de São Paulo. Adults had a more varied diet than the young, consuming 28 taxa among vertebrates, invertebrates and plant material, in addition to different anthropic materials, such as aluminum foil, rubber and textile fabric. In general, invertebrates are consumed most frequently, followed by vertebrates and plant matter. However, consumption frequencies vary over the seasons, probably according to the availability of items. The offspring consumed 13 taxa, including vertebrates, invertebrates and plant matter (in addition to anthropic material - aluminum foil), with vertebrates being the most consumed items, which is expected, since they need higher levels of protein for their development. Despite the generalist diet, the niche breadth (calculated by the Simpson index) was low, both for adults and for pups. It is possible that opportunistic habits of individuals have generated this data, since, despite consuming a wide variety of taxa, most are consumed at low frequencies, while few are consumed at high frequencies. The studied individuals seem to tolerate modified environments, being able to consume urban garbage, domestic fruits and exotic species. However, the consumption of anthropic materials brings an alert about the risks of these environments and the proximity to humans, factors that need to be better studied. Finally, it is expected that the data obtained here can help in future management and conservation strategies, since the species is not native to the state and possible impacts on native fauna and flora are still unknown.
Adaptação transcultural e propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira do questionário Impacto da Neurofibromatose tipo 1 na Qualidade de Vida (INF1-QoL)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Bicudo, Natália Parenti
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Melo, Débora Gusmão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2587800992546559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3531486985796002
Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder with numerous dermatological manifestations and cosmetic implications. The disease affects both sexes and its global incidence is estimated at 1 in 2,500 births. NF1 has virtually complete penetrance after childhood, although its expressiveness is highly variable. The cumulative risk of malignancy in individuals with NF1 up to age 50 years has been estimated at 20 to 39%. The complications of NF1 can substantially affect the quality of life, which led to the development of a specific questionnaire to assess the quality of life of patients with NF1, entitled INF1-QoL (Impact of NF1 on Quality of Life) and published in 2017 by a group of UK researchers. The INF1-QoL is a 14-item questionnaire with answers on a scale of 0 to 3. The maximum potential score for the questionnaire is 42, with higher scores indicating a worse quality of life. In addition, the questionnaire contains a final open question about the impact of NF1 on quality of life. The original INF1-QoL, in English, has good psychometric properties and has been considered suitable as an assessment tool both in clinical practice and in therapeutic trials. Aims: To contribute to the investigation of the impact of NF1 on the quality of life of affected individuals, through (1) the development of a NF1 visibility self-evaluation scale, (2) the cross-cultural adaptation of the INF1-QoL into Portuguese, and (3) the analysis of the measurement properties of the INF1-QoL in a sample of Brazilian individuals with NF1. Methodology: Descriptive and transversal research that used mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative). Firstly, a scale of self-evaluation on NF1 visibility was developed, which could be assigned by the own individual, and that categorized people with NF1 concerning the visibility of the disease into 3 degrees: mild, moderate, and severe. Secondly, a cross-cultural adaptation of the INF1-QoL was carried out, following the steps recommended for instruments in the health area: translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, semantic validation, linguistic review by experts and people with NF1, and final review by an advisory committee. Finally, a pre-test was carried out, from which the psychometric properties of the INF1-QoL in Portuguese were investigated: floor and ceiling effects, reliability (Cronbach's alpha index), internal construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), and external construct validity (convergent validity and known-groups validity). Non-parametric tests were used to analyze the relation of the variable “quality of life” concerning the sociodemographic and clinical factors of the individuals; the significance level adopted was 5%. In addition, the answers to the last question of the INF1-QoL were submitted for thematic analysis, and the themes were discussed through a comprehensive and interpretive approach. Results: Three initial translations of the INF1-QoL into Portuguese were performed by independent translators; later, the synthesis of the translations was carried out, and the INF1-QoL was back-translated into the original language; the translated and back-translated versions were semantically evaluated by the advisory committee and by one of the authors of the original questionnaire; linguistic validation of the INF1-QoL was carried out by 20 specialists (doctors and nurses) and by 33 people with NF1, to establish the final version of the INF1-QoL in Portuguese. The pre-test included 101 adults with NF1 aged 18 to 59 years, with a mean age of 35.54 years (9.63) and a female predominance (n = 84, 83.16%). The average total score of the INF1-QoL was 10.62 (±5.63), with a median of 10, a minimum value of 0, a maximum of 31 points, a floor effect of 2%, and a 0% ceiling effect. The results of Cronbach's alpha showed high reliability of the INF1-QoL questionnaire as a whole (0.8009) and also of each of its questions. The factor analysis indicated two latent factors as being the most representative of the dataset and explaining 49% of the variance of the results. The factor structure presented adequate composite reliability indices, replicability estimates, and adjustment indices. Convergent construct validity was analyzed, indicating a statistically significant positive correlation between the INF1-QoL score and the degree of disease visibility (rho=0.218; p=0.028). The INF1-QoL was able to discriminate between the subgroups of individuals according to educational level (p=0.003), evidencing the known-group validity of the instrument. From the qualitative analysis, we discerned nine main themes: (1) uncertainties regarding the future; (2) irritability and nervousness; (3) physical pain and limitations; (4) depression and self-esteem issues; (5) concern about the risk of recurrence; (6) learning difficulties; (7) low disease appreciation; (8) sleep problems; and (9) prejudice and confusion with contagious disease. Conclusions: The scale of self-evaluation on NF1 visibility developed and evaluated in this study proved to be, a priori, a useful instrument for self-classifying the visibility of NF1. The INF1-QoL questionnaire was translated, adapted, and validated in the Brazilian context, allowing future studies on quality of life in people with NF1 to be conducted and providing health professionals with instruments to care for patients with NF1.
Controle biológico de fungos fitopatogênicos por Phyllosticta citricarpa e sua aplicação para biorremediação de solos contaminados por herbicidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Gadanhoto, Biana Pelissari
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Montagnolli, Renato Nallin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7455124733755299
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3484787206662346
Citriculture is one of the most representative sectors of the Brazilian agro-industrial scenario. In view of the diseases that most affect this crop, the Citrus Black Spot (MPC) stands out, whose pathogen is the fungus Phyllosticta citricarpa. Essentially an exhibition of capacity in the bark, teasing demand from table trade. In more severe cases the drop in production, in large volume productions. Controlling this pest requires recurrent applications of fungicides, in addition to other pesticides such as herbicides, to control weeds. Many of these environmental chemicals bring adversity and quality of biodiversity. In this scenario, biological control and bioprospecting of natural processes have stood out. The present project explores the bioactive potential of Phyllosticta citricarpa for biological control and soil bioremediation. For this is an antifungal activity of Phyllosticta citricarpa against the phytopathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium verticillioides, by means of culture and disc diffusion with crude extractor, where it was possible to determine that an agent of metabolite production is a factor of gross growth of or of cellular resistance structures as in the case of Sclerotinia scleotiorum. Presentation tests with commercial seed treatment similar to chemical fungicides for Soybean, Wheat, Sorghum and Bean crops. For corn, the fungic control was of superior quality to the commercial one. The biodegradation process of contaminated samples with the herbicides used in citrus cultivation, Oxyfluorfem (pre-emergent) and Flumioxazina (pre- and post-emergent) were selected as the method of analysis of respirometry and colorimetry, where it was observed that the biodegradation of contaminants by the action of soil microorganisms and by the presence of Phyllosticta citricarpa generated a greater production of CO2 and consequent biodegradation biodegradation, mainly in the test of the herbicide Oxyfluorfem (852.28 mg of CO2), correlated to the growth velocity test , also showed a better development, even though the morphological characteristics of the fungus had gone through a dysmorphic process. The discoloration tests reaffirm the biodegradation results of the respirometry, where there is the process by the soil microbial community (12 and 15 hours), but present higher biodegradation values added to the study inoculum (7 and 8 hours). The test organisms present sub-lethal effects exposed to the contaminants and when subjected to the presence of the crude extract the toxicity effect is attenuated, reinforcing the effectiveness of the extract in minimizing the negative effects of herbicides in the face of environmental scenarios.
Análise da interface da coleta de resíduos sólidos domiciliares e recicláveis com a pandemia da Covid-19 no município de Araraquara (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Morais, Mariana Sedenho de
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Ventura, Katia Sakihama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1524247191675606
Covid-19 changed the way of life of the world's population, affecting developed and underdeveloped countries with different coping capacities. Due to the rapid viral spread, Brazil has accounted for a large number of deaths and Brazilians contaminated by the virus. The main form of contamination occurs through droplets in the nose, mouth, and eyes, and it can remain on inanimate surfaces for up to 9 days. In this context, there is the possibility of the presence of the virus in the materials. The general objective was to analyze the impacts of Covid-19 on the collection of household solid waste (HSW) and recyclable waste (RW) in Araraquara (SP), in the period from March 2020 to April 2022. The methodology consisted of characterization of the study area (step 1), literature review about solid waste management (step 2), monitoring of disease cases, social isolation and vaccination (step 3), and analysis of the interface of HSW and RW collection with Covid-19 (step 4). The main results were: the reduction of regular collection and/or interruption of selective collection at the beginning of the pandemic due to doubts regarding the risk of contamination, with subsequent resumption according to the recommendations; the reduction in the mass collected from HSW and RW, especially in months with higher numbers of cases, by approximately -12.5 and -7.1%, respectively, in relation to PMGIRS; the increase in the use of plastic materials and cardboard by 9.64% and 31.66% due to a greater disposal of single-use packaging and utensils; the influence of social isolation and vaccination of the population in reducing cases of the disease; and a greater number of worker absences in the municipality's cooperative in months with greater numbers of cases, indicating their vulnerability to the disease. The research achieved the proposed objectives, and showed that the pandemic caused a rapid change in the population's lifestyle and behavior, reflecting on the composition and generation of waste. The research achieved the proposed objectives, and showed that the pandemic caused a rapid change in lifestyle and behavior of the population, reflecting in the composition and generation of waste. Thus, this study contains recommendations for the management of HSW and RW, aiming to guide waste management in future pandemic events.
Configurações urbanas, fatores socioeconômicos e conforto térmico em São José do Rio Preto, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Menegaldo, Vanize
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Pereira, Camila Tavares
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3065780693111631
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Masiero, Érico
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167
Urban settings and socioeconomic factors possibly related to an urban thermal comfort condition. This work seeks to investigate the relationship between environmental comfort and urban environmental settings in the city of São José do Rio Preto. The was developed through the analysis of four urban areas, two in areas of methodology and two areas by constructive pattern, and two elevations of special social interest. Based on the definition of the four representative urban areas, campaigns were carried out to collect data on temperature and air humidity simultaneously with the collection of reports from passers-by on perception and satisfaction with the thermal environment. The information was adjusted and converted into the Physiological Equivalent Temperature Index - PET, adopting it as a parameter of thermal comfort. In this way, it was possible to evaluate based on the characteristics of each area, such as environmental and relational comfort conditions with the socioeconomic factors that were formed. The green results point to the need for greater attention to public areas, especially in less privileged areas of infrastructure, in order to obtain the most urban and thermally balanced urban areas. However, the socioeconomic factor was not predominant in relation to the other constructive factors, such as the H/W ratio, FVC, permeability and the distribution of green areas.
Entraves e etapas do processo de regularização fundiária urbana no interior de São Paulo, o uso dos RPAS no mapeamento dos núcleos irregulares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-02)
Kolland Junior, Marcos
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Stanganini, Fábio Noel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6774358264004600
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5998054688443100
This work is part of a series of studies developed in the Graduate Program in Urban Engineering (PPGEU), the object of study is the practice and development of urban land regularization in Brazil. According to several reports and evidence, in ancient civilizations the use of Cartography was already present as a way of representing and organizing the physical surface of the earth, as well as the important objects and phenomena contained therein, generally with the purpose of carrying out and organizing the development of society as a whole. Approximately half of the Brazilian properties are in an irregular situation, and with the current state of technology, together with the popularization of Remotely Piloted Aircraft, it has been used in a very present way in the organization of the use and occupation of the land by the different spheres of the public and private power. Land tenure regularization is the set of legal, technical, urban, environmental and social measures aimed at the regularization of properties, subdivisions, settlements and the titling of their occupants. This work presents a brief history and synthesis of specific regulations, through the use and development of a methodology where the stages of the land regularization process are divided into ten topics. The process was carried out in a partially irregular subdivision with approximately 4500 lots, where aerophotogrammetric techniques, equipment and software were used together with GNSS receivers to obtain the cartographic products, which were subsidy material for the study and application of REURB-E. The results of the present study conditioned the understanding of the current situation of the subdivision, the classification and quantification of properties, linked to the realization of the REURB project, which, finally, seeks to deliver in a didactic way a guide for carrying out similar engineering activities.
Simulação do Módulo de Young de compósitos reforçados com fibra usando aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-03)
Ribeiro, Gabriel Victor
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Cantão, Renato Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3016268479248046
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0289371528089286
Young's modulus, or modulus of elasticity, is a property that measures the proportionality relationship between stresses and strains of a material in an elastic regime. When dealing with a composite material - a material consisting of the combination of two different phases: matrix and reinforcement - its calculation is not always simple. For this reason, in this paper it is proposed the use of machine learning, specifically neural networks, to estimate Young's modulus. A well established method, the multiscale modeling, was used to generate training data for the neural networks. Simulations using the licensed software Multiscale Designer, resulted in 152 different Young's modules, cathegorized by fiber percentage, laminated structure and test type (compression or tension). To define the best possible architecture for the network, seven different configurations were tested by varying the number of layers, number of neurons and activation function. From the results it was possible to pinpoint the best network, and further compare its predictions with simulated and experimental data, resulting in relative errors that in overall do not exceed 20% The results from machine learning are also more computationally efficient, obtaining results in less than a second for several configurations simultaneously, which is an advantage when compared to licensed software, which takes on the order of minutes for a single material, and when compared to the experimental one, which requires manufacturing the material.
Formação de professores da educação infantil: uma intervenção para orientação quanto ao aspecto psíquico do desenvolvimento de bebês
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-03)
Ferreira, Sulyanne da Silva
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Bleicher, Taís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9075358493860166
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0275984566359296
The present study is part of the research line "Management of Care, Work and Health Education". Specifically, in the focus of Labor Management, with emphasis on the learning needs of workers resulting from this process. It sought to perform an articulation between the contributions of the fields of Collective Health and Education, in order to build a practice committed to the care of children in early childhood who are in daycare centers, emphasizing health conditions based on aspects of the psychic constitution and development of babies. The objective was to verify the effects of an intervention based on the Methodology Risk Indicators for Child Development -IRDI on the educational action of teachers of a day care center. This was a qualitative and exploratory research, which has as its scenario a Municipal School of Early Childhood Education and Elementary School, in the city of Russas in the interior of Ceará. The technical procedure used by this study consisted of an action research through written Life Narratives deposited in letters. It is also noteworthy that the research was based on the theoretical and methodological contributions of Psychoanalysis in conjunction with the field of Collective Health. The technique for material analysis was performed through Discourse Analysis, as proposed by Michel Pêcheux (2006). Through the narratives, as well as the dialogues in the formation meetings, the middlemen involved in the relations between caring and educating in the context of daycare were observed. It was also pointed out the important contribution of formative processes as support to the practical making of teachers. The results of the study showed that, based on the proposal of didactic-dialogical training about the psychic constitution in conjunction with the practices of the nursery context, it was possible for teachers to apprehension about the notion of psychism and subjectivity intrinsic to the development of the small child. Through the construction of a space of speech, exchanges and resignifications, it was possible for the teachers to build new perspectives for their future practices, and that, in this view, would be present the mark of the singularity of relationships and their influence on the constitution of the subjectivity of the baby. It was also verified that the formation allowed the expansion of looking at the formulation of demands that are not only organic in nature, but also about the psychic constitution.
“Hip-hop é minha bandeira, rap é o hino nacional”: uma análise das transformações estético-políticas do movimento hip-hop brasileiro a partir da Casa do Hip-Hop de Piracicaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-03)
Hummel Hara, Carolina
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Motta, Luana Dias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1042165629261102
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1369118676796541
This dissertation aims to analyze the aesthetic and political displacements of the hip-hop movement in Brazil through the trajectory of Casa do Hip-Hop de Piracicaba. The empirical field is a prism to approach the processes that cross the urban peripheries in the last decades and the displacements of the national hip-hop movement. The research, of an ethnographic nature, was carried out through interviews, document collection and monitoring of the Casa's social networks. In the construction of the text, rap is configured as the thread that sews the reports and experiences of my interlocutors to the broader dimension of the history of hip-hop and Brazilian urban peripheries.
Fecho integral de módulos, multiplicidades e poliedros de Newton
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-03)
Araújo, Amanda Santos
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Dalbelo, Thaís Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8872438977518818
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3001239481307791
In this work, we study the integral closure of ideals, Newton polyhedra and Newton non-degenerate ideals. Moreover, we present generalizations of these concepts for modules then, we study the characterization of Newton non-degenerate submodules of On^p. For this we use the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity and the mixed multiplicities of ideals. In the Newton non-degenerate case these multiplicities were described by volumes of Newton polyhedra.
O papel de um grupo colaborativo no desenvolvimento profissional docente de professoras dos anos iniciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-04)
Fonseca, Celestina Cruz Pedroni
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Santos Junior, João Batista dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3236261244149205
This dissertation was developed in a collaborative group with teachers from the early years of a municipal school in Sorocaba/SP, in the years 2020 to 2021. This research aims to verify the reflection on the collaborative culture, breaking with professional isolation by facilitating a space to disseminate this process, having the teacher as the protagonist to identify their training needs for their professional development. We use two devices to locate and analyze how a collaborative group is formed and constituted; we aim, therefore, to map the collaborative profiles found in this group and to establish the characteristics that facilitate the process, as well as to identify the dimensions of professional development experienced by these professors, that is, the profiles and collaborative stages of the professors based on their interactions whose background background was to discuss the implementation of scientific literacy in the classroom in the early years. The methodological approach was the participatory research, during two semesters, organized in 18 virtual meetings, all recorded and transcribed for the organization of the analysis categories that, initially, point out collaborative and engagement profiles within the group, indicating that the group training proposal collaborative approach has provided teachers with the challenge of reflecting the teaching culture, their own praxis and the process of professional development of teachers. Thus, we intend to point out how a collaborative group, properly constituted, can be an enriching tool capable of stimulating thinking, acting and solving problems, of creating perspectives of successful experiences related to the pedagogical routine, favoring reflection and change of praxis through collaborative culture.
A Associação Movimentista Escola Sem Partido na cruzada antigênero: análise de sua militância no Instagram
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-04)
Paolin, Mariana Monti
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8619994850028551
In recent decades, given the expansion of human rights involving gender and sexuality in different parts of the world, there has been an effervescence of movements and reactions that have been in opposition, both to the theories of gender developed in the academic field since the 20th century, as well as to to advances in feminist and LGBTQIA+ activism. Aiming at the defense of the "natural family", the anti-gender discourse, recognized by the phrase "gender ideology". In this context, the movement association Escola Sem Partido (ESP) gains centrality in the Brazilian scenario, given its ability to bring together different sectors of civil society around the single agenda of combating “gender ideology”, which its supporters consider a threat to society. family, morality, Christian principles and, consequently, society as a whole. His militancy took place mainly, but not exclusively, in social networks, used as a space for propaganda and dissemination of his principles, values and worldview. Thus, this dissertation aimed to analyze the way in which the anti-gender discourse was appropriated and disseminated by ESP from its posts in the Instagram between 2016 and 2020. For this, a systematic collection and analysis of data from this social network was carried out, focusing on the posted images and interpretation of their captions, using the categorical content analysis method.
O papel do protocolo Agroambiental Etanol Verde na conectividade de paisagem: um analise temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-05)
Chagas, Renato Luciani
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Toppa, Rogério Hartung
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0673898572494729
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5772756377894548
The State os São Paulo Government (Brazil) and the Sugar Cane Industry Association signed together, in 2007, the Sugar-Alcohol Sector Agri-environmental Protocol. The document foresaw the end of the fire managment technique of the cane fields and the water sources and riparian forest. However, this public policy didn’t estabilish clear goals for conservation actions. In this context, our work had as an objective to analise this protocol’s role based on three main questions: (i) Do the actions of the sugar-alcohol sector that signed the protocol induced the increase of forest patches in riparian forests that are Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA)? (ii) After the protocol’s signature, was there an increase of functional connectivity? (iii) What is the increase in functional connectivity with all the permanent preservation areas restored? We chose the Araras city (State of São Paulo, Brazil) as the land model for the research. We compared the evolution of riverside PPA based on the Functional connectivity Indexes IIC e PC for the years of 2006, 2020 and we analised these indexes on a hypothetical scenery with all the PPA restored. The results showed a 27,3% increase in vegetal cover from 2006 to 2020 in PPA. Through those years, few forest patches showed areas larger than 100 ha, with only six forest patches in 2006 (2,59%) and eight in 2020 (2,17%). For the IIC Index, the hypothetical scenarios with the PPA restoration scenarios is significantly diferent from the years of 2006 and 2020 (p<0,001). Nonetheless, there is no significant difference in between the 2006 and 2020 connectivity (p = 0,244). As for the PC index, there is a significant difference between the three studied scenarios. We concluded that the actions proposed by the Agri-environmental Group’s Protocol, even increasing the total forest and connectivity area, may be insuficient to affect the functional connectivity in a positive way and, consequently, the natural landscape resilience. That happens because the sugar cane cultivation is intensively managed and needs of complementary Public Policies, as the use of low-impact pesticides, to ensure the biodiversity conservation and a soil use planning to increase the permeability matrix.
O papel do setor florestal para a conservação da vegetação nativa no entorno de áreas protegidas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-05)
Queiroz, Daniela Aparecida Rosa de
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Mello, Kaline de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1974531968891537
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1630380580773733
Protected areas are essential for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the conservation of these areas also depends on the management of their surroundings, enabling the connectivity of the landscape with native species. In agricultural landscapes, the preservation of native vegetation on rural properties is one of the indispensable means for the connectivity of the protected area. Certifications in the forestry sector that require compliance with environmental laws can work as an important instrument to maintain or improve the conservation of protected areas in the agricultural landscape. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess changes in land use/cover and landscape connectivity around the Capão Bonito National Forest (FNCB) in southeastern Brazil between 1986 and 2019 and to understand whether the forest sector has contributed to maintaining vegetation. native to private lands. For this, we evaluated land use and land cover in 1986, 2008 and 2019, focusing on the application of the so-called New Forest Law (NLF). We obtained land use and land cover maps from Mapbiomas and verified land use change using the Arcgis 10.5 raster calculator tool. The connectivity of the landscape and the importance of the surrounding native vegetation fragments was verified based on the Graph Theory. Property boundaries were extracted from a land tenure model for the State of São Paulo. To verify the perception of landowners and forestry companies, we sent a questionnaire with open and closed questions. Our results showed that pasture and native vegetation were the main land use/cover in the area. Forest plantation occupied a significant area around and within the protected area. In terms of property numbers, forestry plantations had the largest area of properties in 2019, and the largest native vegetation cover over the years in relation to other agricultural sectors. Forest fragmentation has increased over the years, even with the increase in native vegetation in 2019 compared to 2008. Regarding intent and compliance with the NLF, owners and companies have demonstrated knowledge and intent to comply with the law. Regarding the knowledge of the FNCB, most respondents said they did not know about the existence of this conservation unit. Among the companies in the forestry sector, they reported having actions involving the FNCB, and there are other actions under study; most respondents are Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certified. The results obtained provide an important subsidy for the management of the conservation unit, with diagnosis for knowledge and possible improvement in the awareness and interaction of rural owners and forestry companies with the conservation unit.
Concepção de tecnologia dos Programas São Paulo Faz Escola e Inova Educação: permanências ou rupturas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-05)
Beriotto, Siméia de Souza
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Ramos, Géssica Priscila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2573340489166336
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934761725769675
The driving element of this research arises in the context of emphasis on the technology theme in educational programs and policies that guide the school curriculum. Affiliated to the State, Politics and Human Formation line of the Graduate Program in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos, the present investigation analyzed the focus attributed to technologies in the São Paulo Faz Escola and Inova Educação Programs, implemented in the state education network supposedly with the aim of improving the quality of education. In response to the question “What role or roles have been attributed to technology in education according to the conception/s disseminated in state schools in São Paulo by the curricular programs of the State of São Paulo - Programs São Paulo Faz Escola and Inova Educação? ”, the general objective of this investigation was to identify and compare the conception/s of technology present in the São Paulo Faz Escola and Inova Educação Programs, seeking to understand in this process possible continuities and ruptures. Articulated to the general objective of this study, specific objectives were outlined that proposed to understand the implications generated by the transformations of the productive process of contemporary capitalism and neoliberal policy in the organization of the school curriculum and in the proposition of technological education; to analyze the structure and functioning of the São Paulo Faz Escola and Inova Educação Programs; to understand and analyze the concept of technological education in the São Paulo Faz Escola and Inova Educação Programs, as well as to compare the concept/s of technology that permeate these Programs. Thus, based on dialectical historical materialism, the qualitative biographical and documental analysis, carried out from the method and content categories, sought to analyze the structure and functioning of the Programs in order to identify approaches to the technology theme with assumptions political-pedagogical approaches focused on managerialism and the subordination of education to the ideological project of adapting subjects to the new technical base of capital. To support the proposed investigation, a comparative analysis was carried out between the two Programs, the result of which indicated differences and permanence in the proposition of technological education offered by both. Organized under technological determinism and utilitarianism, it was found that the technological education proposed by São Paulo Faz Escola, when crossing the areas of knowledge, indicates from the articulation of theory with practice and the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), the development of skills and abilities associated with technologies linked to school knowledge. In the Inova Educação Program, technological education presented from the Technology and Innovation curricular component, based on intellectualism and technological instrumentalism, is presented as part of culture. Thus, materialized in the integration of the areas of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDIC), Digital Literacy and Computational Thinking, the technological education of the Inova Program emphasizes the practical teaching of knowledge, the Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDIC) and the development of specific competences and abilities of the axes that compose it. However, the continued absence of investments in infrastructure and connectivity, as well as the proposition of a training aimed at adapting subjects to the demands of capital in both curricular policies, proved to be, with the exception of differences, insufficient to characterize, in some way, a rupture with the education project undertaken by the state education network focused on the formation of subjects capable of employability and entrepreneurship in an increasingly technological society with growing structural unemployment.
Formadores de formação continuada de professores: aprendizagem e desenvolvimento profissional em uma perspectiva heutagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-05)
Santos, Jussara Gabriel dos
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5440024998042186
This thesis is part of the research developed in the Postgraduate Program in Education (Doctorate degree) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), in the Teacher Education and other Educational Agents research group. It deals with learning and professional development of teacher educators working in the field of continuing education for teachers, specifically in training centers. In general, teacher educators are people who are involved in the formative processes of other teachers. Continuing education is understood as a professional right of teachers and should be guaranteed by the State. In Uberlândia city, in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil, the initiatives in this regard are under the responsibility of the Julieta Diniz Municipal Center for Educational Studies and Projects (In this thesis it is used the acronym “CEMEPE” which refers to the Brazilian institution’s name: Centro Municipal de Estudos e Projetos Educacionais Julieta Diniz). The professionals who propose the training in this organization are mostly teachers from the municipal education system itself. Thus, there is an interest in understanding the formative processes of these professionals triggered in the function of teacher’s educators. The general objective is: to analyze the learnings of the teacher educators who worked in the continuing education of the Cemepe and their unfoldings for professional development. Besides, as specific objectives we highlight the following ones: to analyze the construction of learning and professional development occurred in the experience of Cemepe's teacher educators; to understand the formative processes of the educators through personal and professional trajectories; and to identify the personal and professional dimensions involved in the learning and professional development of them. In order to accomplish such objectives, we take as subsidy the heutagogy perspective which is an approach to adult learning (HASE; KENYON, 2013; BLASCHKE; KENYON; HASE, 2014), the learning experience as a fundamental unit of analysis (LARROSA, 2014) and the data are considered from the point of view of three teacher educators who worked in Cemepe. In complementarity with the heutagogy we adopted the characteristics of the qualitative approach (BOGDAN; BIKLEN, 1994), the semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument (LEITE, 2008; MINAYO, 2015; MARCONI, 2010; OLIVEIRA, 2012) and thematic content analysis as a form of data treatment (FRANCO, 2005; GOMES, 2015). The results allowed us to conclude that it is in the daily exercise of the function of trainer that the construction and expansion of learning occurs, with the trainers being the main conductive agents. The situated learnings are linked to life and professional trajectories, which, in turn, personify the formation and shape the performance of the trainers. Emotions, beliefs, experiential knowledge, and pedagogical tact are the most expressive personal and professional dimensions in the formative processes. The formative processes are contextually informal, ecological, naturally heutagogical, and have double-loop learning as their central axis. The relationship between learning and professional development takes on a continuum throughout life, because they have been identified at different moments in the trainers' careers. Thus, the concept of longitudinality of the professional development of the trainer was coined, being the sum of previous learning, situated and reverberated in different contexts in the professional career of the trainers.
Estudo do potencial adsorvente da fibra de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) sobre os metais: chumbo, níquel e zinco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-05)
Santos, João Pedro Gomes dos
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Matos, Andreia Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6155202940087696
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1543800499144356
The agro-industrial waste, in result of produced volume and the inappropriate disposition, are potential environmental contaminants and its natural resources. Therefore, when efficiently managed are capable of being highly harnessed in multiple applications, maximizing your use and saving costs. This is the case of Brazilian tall coconut which 85% of its weight is dispensed, although presents potential of reuse because your physical chemicals characters. Between your applications there is metals removal in aqueous solution through adsorption. So, the present work purposed to analyze the potentialities of using this residue to lead, nickel and zinc adsorption through previous studies, since they are toxic metals very used in industrial sector. For this, research was carried out on academic websites on the subject, and the studies were ordered according to the analyzed requirements. Thus, possible preparations of coconut fiber, pre-treatments and methods of interaction between the adsorbent and the metal were verified, in addition to the fiber's ability to adsorb the metals of interest. Finally, there were possible to prove a high adsorbent potential of the fiber, however, due to the diversity of conditions and methods used in the analyzed studies, it was not possible to indicate the best methodology applied. However, the importance of proper disposal of the residue became evident, in behalf of the socioeconomic and environmental gains from the generation of added value of the residue and the relevance of the application, since it directly contributes to the preservation and conservation of the environment.