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The influence of shelf life on the integrated production scheduling and vehicle routing optimization for perishable products
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Dantas, Hercules Tadeu Asato
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Tavares Neto, Roberto Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6954662222457389
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1193706717585057
Perishability is a characteristic that affects several production systems. The loss of the value of a product over time creates challenges and opportunities to integrate the production and distribution planning, increases the complexity of inventory management, and also influences the pricing practices. Such importance leads researchers to propose quantitative models to solve problems that consider perishability. Although there is evidence that the shorter the shelf life, the greater the benefits to solve the production and distribution planning in an integrated way, there are still few studies investigating how the shelf life influences the problem's solution. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how the shelf life influences the Integrated Production and Distribution Scheduling Problem For Perishable Products (IPDSP-P). To make it possible, we also proposed a metric named Normalized Shelf Life, which allowed us to compare several studies and propose a guideline to classify the shelf life as "long" and "short". Another contribution of this work is the proof of a theorem that allowed us to decompose the problem and create a model using the Logic-based Benders Decomposition approach. This theorem is also the basis of a genetic algorithm and an alternative form of the Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model, named in this study as MILP-Distribution. Besides these two models, we also developed a MILP model containing all production and distribution constraints (named MILP-Full), and the performance of the proposed models was compared. The findings suggest that shorter shelf lives make it more difficult for exact models to find a solution and prove its optimality. For the genetic algorithm, although there was a fast convergence to a single solution for the short shelf life instances, we observed a higher gap between the solution and the lower bound obtained from a commercial solver. Finally, the genetic algorithm could find the best solution for more instances when compared to the other solution approaches. Thus, this study contributes to understanding how shelf life impacts the solutions of IPDSP-P and the understanding of the performance of different approaches to solve the problem.
Arborização rural: perspectivas conceituais e estudo de caso em Araras-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Brandino, Noelle de Cássia
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Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942
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Norder, Luiz Antonio Cabello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0080353709980071
The study of rural territorial space is not only synonymous with agriculture, but it should also seek to understand issues of sustainability and rural development, including issues such as rural afforestation. Thus, the present work aimed to identify references about afforestation in different spaces of the rural environment, through a bibliographical and documental review. References and sources consulted indicate that trees are components of the rural landscape, giving authenticity and providing shading to community spaces; increase in organic matter content; by attenuating wind speed, they protect the soil from erosion; conserve soil moisture; produces wood and fruit; can be used as hedges and windbreaks. It was concluded, therefore, that although afforestation has an essential role in rural areas, there are very few studies focusing on the theme, with studies focused on the urban environment being widely found. From the point of view of agroecology, there are examples of the use of tree species in productive spaces and in agroecological backyards, but not identifying the diversity of species used to compose these spaces. Studies with a rural development approach mention the plurality of the rural environment, but the afforestation of these spaces is not directly mentioned. For both paradigms, the results obtained mention the theme, but do not portray the intention of afforestation in rural areas, which is, then, a very relevant work to stimulate further research on the subject.
"Misturar tudo": a autoria na escrita de Helder Macedo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Pires, Nayara Meneguetti
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Rocha, Rejane Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8959442231353525
The novels written by Helder Macedo, despite being very different from each other, are known for what they have in common: the crossing of borders, both with regard to the limits between real and fictional, as well as the borders between literary and discourse genres. To that, joins the presence of characters who have the author's own name and characteristics, as well as the metafictional commentary and the affiliation to a certain literary tradition, the same about which his essays are a reference. In this way, one work ends up pointing to another, as well as directing to his poems and essays, which address the same themes. This characteristic has already led his critical fortune to affirm the possibility of looking at his work as a self-referential set, however, it is still necessary to think about this constant pointing outwards and the insistent presence of the author in the narrative - through the selection of intertextualities, as well as through characters or metafictional comments - are configured as an erasure of the notion of autonomy of the work of art and the death of the author. In this sense, it is worth thinking about how the figure of this author is constructed and what place he claims for himself within the literary space when he criticizes modern rationality, which is the purpose of this thesis.
Trança de gente: mulheres negras e relações intergeracionais na superação do racismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Bellini, Daniela Mara Gouvêa
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5233854244313683
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6870811767803376
The thesis entitled “TRANCE OF PEOPLE: Black Women and intergenerational relations in overcoming racism” has the goal to investigate how intergenerational solidarity takes place in three families with different generations among black women and girls. Being based on the work of Paulo Freire and bell hooks, and founded on Ramón Flecha’s concept of dialogical learning, it was possible to present key concepts for this work: love, education, dream and science. The dialogical feminism is also key in the analysis of the dialogues and life stories presented here. Having communicative research as methodological basis, this work relied on communicative in-depth interviews and advisory board, techniques for data collection and validation of data analysis. The data were collected during the pandemic season of COVID-19 in a virtual way, so that the research participants and researcher would not put at risk of contamination, and were analyzed from two dimensions: exclusionary and transformative. In the case of this research, the exclusionary elements were the barriers encountered by the women for effectuation of rights and promotion of a greater social equity, -while the transformative elements were those that helped them overcome the barriers encountered to schooling and to the confrontation of racism. The communicative in-depth interviews revealed that the school education is a social protection factor for the black women and girls, for when they have access to contents such as mathematics, reading, writing, history, geography, sciences, anti-racist education etc. they are able to give effective answers to overcome and prevent racism, they also indicate that when a black woman is strengthened and supported by intergenerational solidarity, she feels the need to also be in solidarity with other black women around her and with the next generations. Finally, they reveal that the intergenerational solidarity among black women ensures high schooling, better living conditions and immediate response to situations of racism. Overall, the voices of black women and girls contributed to advancing social, cultural and educational understanding about the exclusionary and transformative dimensions in the lives of black women and girls, focusing on intergenerational solidarity and how the relations between them are established.
Avaliação da validade e confiabilidade da escala Life Space Assessment (LSA) aplicada remotamente em pacientes com hemiparesia crônica pós AVC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Oliveira, Nayara Kelly
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Gomes, Laura Hellen dos Santos Cerqueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1504991054052917
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Pereira, Natalia Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408152349657748
Stroke causes neurological, motor and/or sensory sequelae, the main one being hemiparesis. Hemiparesis is a condition in which the lower and upper limbs on the same side of the body are compromised by paralysis, directly impacting the mobility of affected individuals. The Life Space Assessment (LSA) scale was developed to assess an individual's mobility. The StepWatch Activity Monitor (SAM) is an activity monitor that counts total steps. There are no studies in the literature that have applied LSA remotely or correlate it with activity monitors. Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of the LSA scale applied remotely and to evaluate the correlation between the LSA scale and the SAM accelerometer applied to patients suffering from hemiparesis. Methodology: The LSA scale was applied remotely (via telephone) and later in person. Participants used the SAM for a period of three consecutive days. Correlation data between LSA and SAM were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The correlation was considered: very low (values < 0.26), low (between 0.26 and 0.49), moderate (between 0.50 and 0.69), high (between 0.70 and 0.89) or very high (between 0.90 and -1.00). To assess reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used. The following were considered: poor (ICC < 0.4); satisfactory 0.4 ≤ ICC < 0.75 and excellent ICC ≥ 0.75. Results: The reliability of the LSA scale between remote and in-person applications was considered excellent with ICC = 0.84 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.43- 0.96. The correlation between the average number of steps captured by the SAM and the total LSA score was positive and considered moderate with a value of 0.69 and p= 0.04. Conclusion: The LSA scale is valid and reliable for remote application and has a positive and moderate correlation with the SAM activity monitor.
Proposta e modelagem de uma bancada didática para ensino de manutenção mecânica por monitoramento da vibração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Bastos, Marcelo Fávaro Leme
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Franco, Vitor Ramos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4590258470207467
Breaking of machinery and equipment creates loss to the industry, but, through predictive maintenance, It can be avoided before it happens. The goal of this work is to propose a mechanical model of a didactic bench for teaching mechanical maintenance by monitoring the mechanical vibrations, performing the simulation of damage conditions and monitoring the system via bathtub curve. The test bench proposed is composed from a motor, a reduction by a pair of gears and a inertia disk, and the mathematical model created for it has 6 degrees of freedom, they are the vertical displacement from the motor and the inertia disk, and both vertical and angular displacements for both reduction shafts. The model was solved to find the system’s transfer functions, with the simulations being made over the function that relates the vertical acceleration measured in the bearing closest to the motor in the input shaft of the reduction, and the force created by the motor’s unbalancement. As the work is theoretical and there are no experiments and data of a real test bench, the Bode magnitude plot of the function is used as frequency spectrum of the test bench, and the simulations were done using MATLAB, applying an harmonic input to the transfer function. Many simulations were made applying diferente conditions of stiffness loss in one of the system’s spring-dumper pairs, the one that represents the connection between the motor and the reductor, to simulate the manifestation and development of damage and later its repair. The data from those simulations were considered real data, applying the maintenance principles to detect and correct mechanical faults. The results show that the model is appropriate for use in the theoretical class, but its parameters would need adjustment through experimentation in a real test bench for model validation.
Análise comparativa do desempenho mecânico de ligas β-Ti em implantes ortopédicos como alternativas aos biomateriais metálicos comerciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Jose, Gustavo Alves
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
According to the World Health Organization, the life expectancy of the population is increasing, in this context, the number of interventions for the implementation of orthopedic implants in the human body also grows over the decades. Thus, it becomes necessary to develop materials with high biocompatibility with the human body. In this context, some of the commercial metallic biomaterials currently used for this type of application, such as commercially pure titanium, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Co-Cr-Mo alloys and Stainless Steels, have a Modulus of Elasticity value higher than the value of human bone. In addition, some of these materials still have cytotoxic elements in their composition, such as aluminum, which can cause neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's from the release of harmful ions to the human body in the long term. Thus, this monograph performs the survey of microstructural and mechanical data of different β-titanium alloys with biocompatible alloying elements in their composition in order to ascertain whether the microstructural change of these materials provided more suitable mechanical properties for application in orthopedic implants. Thus, microstructural data of different alloys of the Ti-Mo, Ti-Nb, TNZT and TMZF systems were collected from optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis (DRX), in addition to the mechanical properties of modulus of elasticity, Vickers hardness , Yield stress, elongation and tensile strength limit. From the results obtained, the metallic alloy of the TNZT system presented a Modulus of Elasticity closer to the desired value for this type of application 56 GPa, however, all the β alloys surveyed presented Modulus of Elasticity lower than those of Commercial Metallic Biomaterials. In addition, with regard to tensile and hardness properties, the TMZF system proved to be the best material with yield strength, tensile strength and hardness values equal to, respectively, 1030 MPa, 1080 MPa and 345 HV. In general, the raised β alloys showed superior mechanical properties to commercial biomaterials, making it necessary to carry out studies that analyze the fatigue properties of these alloys in addition to the economic viability of their large-scale implementation of these materials.
Tecnociência e as mudanças na organização do trabalho docente na educação superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Zacarias, Mayna
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Silva Junior, João dos Reis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7470123176068422
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6174681648256545
This study is intended to rationalize what technoscience is and how this new episteme has changed faculty work in higher education. This work was conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic, a historical time that forced education workers who teach and research to transform their homes into classrooms, laboratories, and work offices. At this juncture, technoscience has become a continuous part of the life of the teaching social being, and this part of science that has been exhausting it of its original reason is changing the meanings of work as well as the mode of production in the 21st century. To do so, theoretical elements about the field of work and technoscience were gathered and discussed in order to understand them together with the research methodology adopted, characterized as qualitative research, of an exploratory nature, with individual interviews. The analyzed data were interpreted by means of content analysis and supported by the theoretical discussion. The main results obtained revealed that the teachers already live under the logic of control by means of technoscience devices and systems. All work is put under the signature of technoscience: teaching, research and leisure time have been compromised by the interference of mobile devices or digital networks coming from technoscience. Such dynamics, under control and optimization by means of algorithms, seem to be accentuated in the configuration of teaching work in post-pandemic Brazilian public higher education.
Influência da costura na performance de meios filtrantes aplicados em filtro de mangas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Lacerda, Camila Raquel de
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Sartim, Rafael
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Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6593627399463062
There is a variety of filter bags available in the market for cleaning gases, composed of different materials, of various sizes, with several surface treatments, high efficiency, and different finishes, which enables the application in the most diverse thermal and chemical conditions. When making the filter bags, the filter medium is sewn in a cylindrical shape to be installed in industrial bag filters. Although the sewing area is approximately 4% of the total area of an industrial filter bag, it is necessary a broader investigation of the influence of this region in filtration, because the small holes can be a conduit for the passage of fine particles even after a certain time of use of the filter bags. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the filtration performance – regarding the mechanisms of deposition, the cake porosity, the duration of filtration cycles, the differential pressure, the fractional separation efficiency, and particle emission - of two distinct groups of filter media, both containing samples without and with seam, the first group of samples with different aging times and the second with virgin samples sewn with needles of different diameters. In a first step, samples of polyimide (P84) filter bags, virgin, with 10 months of use and with 3 years of use (the latter two were used in an industrial bag filter), and particulate material from a sintering plant (the primary process of dedusting) were used. The samples were submitted to filtration and cleaning cycles in laboratory equipment built based on the VDI 3926 standard, to analyze the pressure drop, the cycle time and to estimate the cake porosity. Particle collection was also performed for diameters in the range from 0.523 to 2.8 μm, on a second filtration test rig containing a particle counter (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer-APS), and in the range from 10 to 300 nm, in a third particle analysis system by differential electric mobility (Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer - SMPS), in order to evaluate the separation efficiency and relate the results to the performance of the particle deposition mechanisms when there is the presence of seam. The results showed that in the seam region the preferential paths for the airflow had effects on the particle deposition mechanisms. The total filtration time was longer for the samples with seam. In a second step, polyester filter media with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PE/PTFE) membrane, sewn with different needle diameters, 90, 100, and 130 µm, and Pural SB® powder, were used. An investigation of the impact of the needle diameter on fractional separation efficiency and particle emissions was conducted, respectively, on MFP 3000 HF (Modular Filter Test System) and VDI 3926-based test rigs (the latter is not the same equipment used in the first group of samples), both belonging to the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. While the sample without seam showed a particle separation of almost 100%, the increase in needle diameter led to an increase in particle emissions. The sewn samples with needle diameters of 100 and 130 µm did not have the holes completely sealed by the dust even after all steps of the filtration procedure adapted from VDI 3926 standard.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de gel bioativo à base de fibroína da seda/PLDLA/sinvastatina para impressão 3D
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Antunes, Bianca Sabino Leocádio
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Komatsu, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620060426867863
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Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212
Bone Tissue Engineering (BOT) has been growing in recent decades as an effective approach for the treatment of large bone defects. Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a tool to revolutionize the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine along with the release of osteogenic molecules such as Simvastatin (SIM). However, its immobilization in a framework/drug system is still a challenge. Silk fibroin (SF) has been shown to be a promising biomaterial for obtaining scaffolds due to its mechanical properties, controllable biodegradability and adequate cell adhesion/proliferation. The addition of other polymers is studied to control the viscosity of the SF solution, ensuring better quality of the printed structure. The objective of this work is to study the rheological properties of the gel based on SF and PLDLA (poly (L-co-D, L lactic acid)), with SIM, in order to obtain the best composition for 3D scaffold printing, aiming at the bone regeneration. PLDLA syntheses and SF were obtained from silk threads of the bombyx mori species. After this process, the pure SF and PLDLA samples were characterized by DSC, TG and FTIR. Then, SF-PLDLA solutions were prepared in formic acid, varying the concentrations of SF and PLDLA where they were subjected to rheological tests in permanent and oscillatory regimes. The chosen formulations were then submitted to the 3D printing process, obtaining structured scaffolds with pores, where the formulation of FS 15.0% with the addition of PLDLA 7.0%, resulted in the construction of a more reliable scaffold to the original design, compared to to the SF 15.0%/PLDLA 3.0% and SF 15.0%/PLDLA 10.0% formulations, presenting more evident pores and meeting the criteria of pseudoplasticity, viscoelasticity and thixotropy, important requirements for a solution to be suitable for 3D printing. The rheological assays showed that the addition of SIM at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% did not significantly alter the pseudoplastic, viscoelastic and thixotropic behavior of the gel SF 15.0%/PLDLA 7.0%.
Enriquecimento ambiental e a modulação da emocionalidade, cuidado materno e metilação de genes em camundongos fêmeas LG/J
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Rosa, Natalia Marques
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Peripato, Andréa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0657713343451089
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Brito, Reinaldo Alves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8253066295947754
Environmental Enrichment (EE) can be considered as a set of environmental changes that can adjust the model of a species and favor well-being in captive animals. The present study intends to investigate the influence of EE (cardboard roll) on behavioral and epigenetic modulations in murine females of the LG/J strain in different life stages. For this, four groups were determined: group 1, positive control – continuous EE; group 2, negative control – EE absent; group 3 – EE in the pubertal phase (3 and 4 weeks of age); and group 4 – EE in the maternal phase. The emotionality of all females was evaluated by the Open Field, Elevated Plus Maze and Forced Swim tests. The mother's performance was also evaluated in terms of maternal posture (litter size, nest construction, puppies weight, placentophagy and aggressiveness against intruders) and in the Puppies Recovery Test (self grooming and mother-puppies interaction by licking, nursing and litter rescue time). Females seem, in general, to naturally present anxious and depressive behavior that intensified in later life stages. However, the use of environmental enrichment seems to mitigate these behavioral responses. Likewise, exposing females to enrichment only in the pubertal phase seems to have reflected in anxious and depressive-like behaviors in the later phase (post-weaning). The enrichment in the maternal phase promoted improvements in the posture of the females, in which the litters suffered less loss of puppies, the nests built were taller and warmer, and the puppies had more protection by the mothers in the analysis of aggression against intruders and in the rescue test. After the phenotypic analyses, it was possible to sequence a hypothalamus sample using the pocket sequencer, Oxford Nanopore MinION, which allowed learning methodologies of a fourth generation sequencing technology. Our results allowed the enrichment of discussions in the research area and support new work by our group, in the search for epigenetic markers associated with animal welfare.
Efeito do manejo convencional e orgânico na qualidade do grão e bebida de café
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Goncalves, Jessica de Melo
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Fontanetti, Anastácia
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Liska, Gilberto Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3598362104615834
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2217949943647601
The different soil management practices adopted in coffee cultivation systems can influence the chemical attributes of the soil and consequently the mineral nutrition of plants, interfering with the quality of fruits, beans and coffee beverage. The different soil management practices adopted in coffee cultivation systems can influence the chemical attributes of the soil and consequently the mineral nutrition of plants, interfering with the quality of fruits, beans and coffee beverage. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of soil chemical attributes and leaf mineral nutrition on the quality of coffee beans and beverage (Catuaí Vermelho, Coffea arabica L.) under conventional and organic systems. Soil chemical attributes, leaf contents, grain and beverage quality were evaluated. The pH and the contents of organic matter, magnesium, boron, copper, iron and manganese in the soil did not differ between the conventional and organic systems. The highest levels of sulfur and phosphorus in the soil were observed in the organic system and the highest levels of zinc and potassium in the conventional system. The foliar contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium and boron were higher in the coffee plants in the conventional system and the foliar contents of potassium and zinc in the organic system. There was evidence on the behavior of soil samples and leaf tissue from the two systems, which offered favorable conditions for fruit development, presenting in the organic system higher values of TSS and grain diameters and in the quality of the coffee beverage the sensory attributes presented similar scores, both coffees received a score of 83, being classified as specialty coffees.
Análise da atuação da enfermagem em Centro Dia para pessoas idosas: um estudo multicaso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Barros, Maraiza Amato Pereira
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Pedro, Wilson José Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8135701448186851
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7084926239257095
Population aging happens at an accelerated rate in Brazil and in the world. Government measures have been taken to establish public policies that help improve the quality of life and ensure all rights for this population. Among them are the non-asylum modalities for independent or semi-dependent elderly people and, therefore, it is extremely important to understand the importance of a nursing professional inserted in the multiprofessional team and what are their challenges in the face of intersectoral actions. The objective of the present study is to analyze the importance of the role of nursing professionals in social assistance services in the region of the Regional Directorate of Development and Social Assistance of Ribeirão Preto for care for the elderly, exclusively in Day Centers for the Elderly, regarding interprofessionality and intersectoriality. This is a multi-case study in Day Centers for the Elderly chosen and belonging to the Regional Directorate of Development and Social Assistance of Ribeirão Preto-SP. The sample consisted of nursing professionals and managers of these social facilities. Data collection was carried out through a remote interview carried out by the Google Meet platform, previously scheduled by means of an email invitation to the participants and which took place after reading and agreeing to the Free and Informed Consent Form. The collected data were recorded and transcribed in full for content and narrative analysis. The results indicate that the performance of nursing professionals in Day centers for the Elderly presented important findings on the differentiated clinical view and humanized care of this professional, about the relevance of interprofessionality in ensuring quality and resolution care and pointed out considerable aspects about intersectoriality and the challenges faced. It is expected that this study can generate subsidies to contribute to the improvement of social assistance, intersectoral and health policies aimed at the elderly assisted in Day Centers for the Elderly, through the insertion of the qualified nursing professional as part of the multidisciplinary team.
Jogo de papéis à luz da teoria histórico-cultural: pressupostos teóricos-metodológicos para a educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-30)
Bertolo, Sara Manzini
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5348912655557872
This theoretical research is the result of a theoretical-bibliographic study about the role-playing activities in the Early Childhood Education based on the Historical-Cultural Theory. As guiding thread of our investigation we elaborate the following question: What are the theoretical-methodological foundations required for the Early Childhood teacher to develop and evaluate the role-playing activity based on the Historical-Cultural Theory with children from three to five years old? In order to answer the question, we elucidate the objective: to systematize the theoretical-methodological foundations needed to understand the process of development and evaluation of the role-playing activity in Early Childhood Education, from the perspective of Historical-Cultural Theory, for the Education teacher Children work with children from three to five years old. The methodological course followed the historical-dialectical materialism and Vygotsky's genetic method by reading books of classical authors and researchers who study the subject. The data collection and analysis procedure was supported by the methods and techniques of bibliographic research proposed by Salvador. We chose as a category of analysis the theoretical-methodological foundations, procedures and instruments of the researches on role-playing with children in Early Childhood Education based on the Historical-Cultural Theory. The fundamental elements of the role-playing activity are content, objects, ludic actions and authentic relationships. The investigations show that the systematization of this activity comprises the planning, execution and evaluation of the teacher, for this reason, it is necessary for her to identify or suggest the content of the role game; elect and delimit the characters of the game; to choose and delimit the objects of the game and their dispositions in the school space; identify the game's ludic actions; identify and develop authentic relationships in the game. Thus, the research shows specificities for the instruments' applications and theoretical-methodological procedures to the game's elements, such as conversation circles, problem-solving through questions, presentation and/or creation of objects, videos, figures and so on. We conclude, therefore, that the implications of this research for pedagogical practices converges in the improvement of theorical-methodological strategies for teachers to develop and apply in the game activity in order to enhance the cultural development of children.
Compósitos cimentícios de ultra-alto desempenho reforçados com fibras metálicas e incorporação de pó de vidro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-31)
Dias, Gabriela Silva
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Sales, Almir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7377787166073311
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Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763
Ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites (UHPFRCC) have been widespread in civil construction due to their rheological, mechanical properties and their improved durability. However, the material has high consumption of cement, which in turn emits a high amount of carbon dioxide (〖CO〗_2) in its production chain. Thus, the glass, which is basically composed of amorphous silica and has relatively simple processing to obtain its powder, exhibits potential for use as a substitute pozolanic material to cement. For that reason, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of ground waste glass and steel fibers on the mechanical properties of UHPFRCC. Therefore, cementitious composites were developed with Portland V ARI cement, silica fume, superplasticizer, quartz sand with a maximum dimension of 1.2 mm, water (water/cement ratio equal to 0.18), and incorporated glass powder with a dimension of 75 μm at the contents of 20% and 50% in volumetric replacement to cement, in addition to steel fibers with contents of 2% and 3% (in volume). Tests were performed for the characterization of the component materials, axial compressive strength, static modulus of elasticity and tensile strength by double puncture test (EDP). Regarding the fresh state properties of the concrete, the results showed that the addition of ground waste glass and steel fibers did not interfere in the workability of the mixture, besides having reduced the incorporated air content. As for compressive strength, at 28 days, cementitious composites reached 83.0% of the reference sample strength (REF). At 56 and 91 days, the mix design were statistically equivalent when compared to REF. The modulus of elasticity value of the samples reached the level of 45.0 GPa. Regarding tensile strength by EDP, the maximum cracking load at 28 and 56 days was statistically similar to REF, i.e., the maximum capacity was not sensitive to the addition of steel fibers. There was an increase in the tenacity of the mix design with 3% of addition of steel fiber and 20% of incorporation of glass powder at 56 and 91 days of age. Therefore, it was possible to observe that 20% and 50% of incorporation of glass powder are optimal contents of cement substitution, and the addition of 2% and 3% of steel fibers exhibited satisfactory mechanical results. Finally, it is recommended to use the 50% content of incorporation of glass powder in partial replacement to cement because it presents improvements in mechanical properties, as well as by the high content of addition of the residue, which adds value in the scope of the sustainability of the composite.
Dados abertos governamentais em saúde pública: um estudo de caso da vigilância epidemiológica do município de São Carlos/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-31)
Santos, Aulida Berenice Moretti
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Iasulaitis, Sylvia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4226275371443693
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4741067178088511
Open Government Data (OGD) is an initiative that promotes the publication of public government data and information in reusable formats, with the aim of increasing transparency and fostering greater political participation of citizens. In this context, Epidemiological Surveillance (ES) uses these data to study the health-disease process and develop public health policies, which improves the life of the population, with information as its main object of work. In view of this, the research problem of this master’s thesis is to investigate how the ES of the municipality of São Carlos collects and uses OGD to transform them into information that can guide public health policies. This problem is materialized in the following research questions: (1) “How is data collection carried out in the ES of São Carlos?”; (2) “What is the process of acquiring information from these data?”; (3) “How is the acquired information disseminated?”; (4) “How do such data and information assist with the decision-making process regarding the implementation of public health policies?”. Therefore, the general objective of this research is to understand the flow of data from the SIS, how these data are used by the ES of São Carlos, and how the ES uses the open data repository of DATASUS and SIS to monitor the cases recorded in these systems and, through the information acquired in them, plan public health actions and policies. This is a case study of qualitative and exploratory nature, with a review of the thematic literature and in-depth interviews with public managers. The results show that the ES of the municipality of São Carlos has a data cycle that begins with notifications made at health care centers and, subsequently, undergoes processes that reach the Federal level. In addition, it was possible to prepare two flowcharts: one of the SINAN net and another of the SINAN online, which contribute to the proposed objective, enabling verification of part of the data flow of health information.
Eficácia da terapia por ondas de choque em disfunções musculoesqueléticas: revisão sistemática com meta-análise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-31)
Menezes, Athilas Braga de
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Liebano, Richard Eloin
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1397951221512127
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0367605126456131
Shockwave Therapy (SWT) has been an innovative intervention for the management of pain in musculoskeletal disorders. However, similar to any type of intervention, SWT needs to be compared to another inert treatment intervention, commonly called a placebo. There are several clinical trials comparing SWT to placebo, however, there are no systematic reviews that assess whether SWT is superior to placebo in musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of SWT compared to placebo in musculoskeletal disorders. The primary outcome was pain intensity. Secondary outcomes were adherence to treatment and whether there was a blinded analysis in the included studies. In addition, the risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale and the GRADE system was used to assess the quality of evidence. Within the eligibility criteria, 76 studies were included, totaling 5037 participants. Our study found that studies that use SWT for musculoskeletal disorders show good adherence to treatment, with a loss of participants less than 9%, with no differences between the active SWT or placebo SWT groups, however, only four studies that used focal SWT performed analysis of successful blinding of its participants. On average, studies with focal SWT had a mean score of 6.7 points, with a moderate risk of bias, and 7.5 points for radial SWT, with a low risk of bias. For the primary outcome, there were only data from 3951 participants available to perform the pain intensity meta-analysis. For pain intensity, we performed sub-analyses for general, focal and radial SWT, in addition to evaluating its effectiveness in relation to the region of the body that SWT was applied to. The evaluations also took into account the moment of time that was evaluated, being evaluated soon after the treatment protocol, after 6 weeks and after 3, 6 and 12 months. We found that there was a decrease in pain intensity when using SWT in general compared to placebo after all time segments evaluated, however, when evaluating radial and focal SWT alone, it was more effective right after the treatment protocol and after 3 and 6 months of follow-up. Overall, the quality of evidence from SWT-related studies is too low for the low quality of evidence by GRADE. In conclusion, it was observed that, in general, SWT was more effective than placebo in all time segments, however, the type of SWT when used and for what period should be carefully considered. Studies related to SWT have a low risk of bias, it is a therapy with excellent adherence, however the quality of the evidence of the studies is very low to low and there is a need to perform more analysis on the success of blinding in this type of study.
CicloPedaleiros: processos educativos decorrentes da prática social da cicloentrega
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-31)
Mecca, Andréia Cordeiro
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1829599231664494
The implementation and consolidation of the neoliberal economic model has resulted in a significant precariousness of work in Brazil and the increase of inequalities. The large amount of people living in socioeconomic vulnerability and the struggle to overcome this situation raises alternatives to income generation. These alternatives promoted exploratory practices like the uberization of work, but they contributed to boost other economies as well. The Solidarity Economy Enterprise called CicloPedaleiros sought, through bicycle deliveries, to generate an income for adults who are aside of the labor market, subject to unemployment and informality. This thesis aimed to identify and understand the educational processes arising from the social practice of bicycle delivery in this enterprise. As methodology, we used participatory research, the systematization of observations through field diaries and analysis based on phenomenology, which led to the emergence of three thematic categories: A) "It is good to wear a helmet just to be sure, at right time you’ll be saved", which made explicit dialogical daily relations between the participants, whose attitudes and speeches were, to a great extent, based on educational processes of solidarity, cooperation and care; B) “I gone there to speak and said, I am from CicloPedaleiros solidarity economy enterprise”, which indicates the educational processes related to the participants’ implicated attitude, for example, when they signed partnerships with shopkeepers and other entrepreneurs in the city, made publicity, attended meetings, kept to agreements, showed they knew the history of the actions and the aspects related to the enterprise; and C) “Precariousness is the word of the year”, which deals with the perception and reflection regarding the precarious forms of work in neoliberalism, reorganizing it according to other principles and needs, that is, as something healthy, pleasurable, and creative. We consider that SE, analyzed by means of the CicloPedaleiros, engenders significant educational processes for the elaboration of new repertoires, which may contribute to the construction of more just and egalitarian societies. SE is, therefore, one of the many educational paths to liberation that is occurring in process, inconclusive. Because of that, it is fundamental that this trajectory involves more and more oppressed, organized, and politicized people in the struggle against capitalism; and that none of these experiences is wasted.
Cenários e sistema de apoio a gestão consorciada de resíduos da construção civil aplicados à UGRHI 12
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-31)
Gonçalves, Gustavo Henrique Vital
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Marques Neto, José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2392932422695163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7433689541483706
Construction waste (CW) is currently one of the biggest problems in urban areas, since it is generated in significant volumes, and does not always receive an adequate final destination. One way to minimize the impact caused by CW is through the implementation of an integrated management, which requires an approach supported by decision-making tools. Thus, this research had the objective of developing a computational system as a subsidy to the consortium management of civil construction waste for Brazilian municipalities and to analyze the feasibility of the formation of inter-municipal consortiums. For this, a diagnosis was initially made in the Baixo Pardo/Grande Watershed (BH-BPG) belonging to the 12th Water Resources Management Unit (UGRHI 12) of the State of São Paulo in order to identify the main challenges of an integrated management of CW. For the study in UGRHI 12, data were collected on the situation of CW in the 12 municipalities, through the application of a questionnaire to managers and through visits to the municipalities for on-site surveys of the final disposal areas. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to estimate that the production of CW in the municipalities belonging to UGRHI 12 is 439.12 tons per day, with a per capita average of 131 kg/inhabitant per day, most of which belong to class A (75%), and can therefore be reused or recycled as aggregates. These data demonstrate the need for specific policies for the management of CW for small municipalities. It was also found that none of the municipalities have landfills for civil construction waste, areas for overflow and sorting, and a public recycling plant for class A waste, essential infrastructures for the management of the CW generated. Based on these results, the economic feasibility of three different scenarios for the formation of an inter-municipal consortium for the management of CW in UGRHI 12 was evaluated. The formation of a consortium among the municipalities in which they would share overflow and sorting areas and a fixed recycling plant resulted in an TIR of 78.79% and a VPL of R$ 29,094,983.16 and a payback of 1 year and 7 months. In the three scenarios analyzed it was found that this management model can be viable and profitable, considering that it brings cost reduction and gain of scale. From the needs identified in the municipalities, which hinder the implementation of an integrated management of CW, the appropriate tools were defined for the system to meet the demands, so that there is an integration. Finally, the System of Consortium Management of Construction Waste (SIGECON) was developed. The conceptual model and the instantiation of the three system modules were established. After the structuring stage, the software was coded. After coding, the modules were integrated and the software was validated to verify its applicability. SIGECON was tested and validated in the UGRHI 12. It can be concluded that the support system favors the implementation of the consortium management of CW in Brazilian municipalities, by having control and optimization tools, as well as a database that allows the adequacy of the municipalities to the reality of the region.
A noção de inconsciente em Freud sob a perspectiva do recalcamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-08-31)
Rodrigues, Helena Zoneti
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Soria, Ana Carolina Soliva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2903416522364971
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5977944831685723
The objective of this work is to methodically analyze the notion of the unconscious formulated from the concept of repression (Verdrängung) from the point of view expressed in chapter 7 of the work The Interpretation of Dreams and in Freud's Metapsychological texts, when relating repression as the axis of the formation of the unconscious and to point out the philosophical-theoretical consequences that affect the notion of psychic reality and others such as freedom and determinism. The work seeks to answer the question that intertwines the dual dispositions between the conscious and the unconscious, a dichotomy assured by the concept of repression in the First Topic. In view of the determinations of psychic reality, does the conscious self have freedom in the psychic apparatus of the First Freudian Topic? From the conflicting relationship between the conscious self and psychic reality emerges the main question of the project in which the unconscious emerges in part as a determinant of the dispositions of the conscious self not only in the symptomatic process, in the inhibition of development, in the points of fixation and regression caused by the repression, but as an essential priority, reflected in the phylogenetic schemes and presuppositions in opposition to the ontogenetic process belonging to the conscious self. It is worth investigating which unconscious this is, since its content is not limited only to repressed representations, but also to fragments of the human species, original fantasies. Given these determinations of psychic reality in the apparatus, the instance of the self placed in close relation to consciousness in the First Topic converges to the question posed above and the suspicion that in ontogeny the conscious self is not in fact so predetermined by psychic reality.