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Razão econômica, trabalho e produção de tecnologia: uma etnografia do mercado de eventos durante a COVID-19 no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Moreira, André Guilherme
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Morawska Vianna, Catarina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4510352642506090
This dissertation seeks to understand the relation between economic reason, labor and technology production through the ethnography of Lúdica, an event production company that betwenn 2020 and 2021was faced with the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. With the ban of activities that generate gatherings by state and municipal authorities in March 2020 aiming to contain the increase of the coronavírus contagion rate in Brazil, Lúdica's revenues were reduced to R$ 0.00. Faced with this scenario, several tensions and contradictions emerged in the company involving discussions about work, technology, and the pandemic, which resulted in the reduction of the workforce while investing in technology. The ethnography, conducted remotely during the pandemic seeks to describe the knowledge, theories, practices, personal histories, and temporal representations that inform the world images, synchronic and diachronic, that guide the decision-making processes and actions of Lúdica's executives and employees. As I discuss throughout the dissertation, the “madness of economic reason” (DERRIDA, 1991) expressed in decisions such as that of the São Paulo State Government to relax isolation measures contrary to the orientation of epidemiologists, is the result not only of “company’s culture” or “public agencies”, but also the sociotechnical agencements, particular historical trajectories and temporal maps to which people are intertwined. These images about the world create paradoxes that propose us to reflect on how the economization of different aspects of life can lead to disastrous outcomes as happened in Brazil between 2020 and 2022. This dissertation, therefore, describes how entrepreneurs, employees, and some representatives of public power react in the face of a crisis, and how the images of the world that inform their decisions change according to the technologies and relationships to which they have access.
Os (euro)comunistas brasileiros: uma análise da trajetória política e intelectual de integrantes da chamada “corrente renovadora” (1970/1980)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Fontenelle, Marcelo
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Braga, Maria do Socorro Sousa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2311094074614215
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6269319848038940
This present study aimed to analyze the trajectories of agents identified with the "renewal current" of the Brazilian Communist Party (PCB), formed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by a group of militants who were identified, among other elements, by intellectual prestige, the search for "renewal" of Marxism and the defense of democracy as a universal value. Based on a prosopographic analysis, it was highlighted the formation of a group of intellectuals with similar characteristics - the high degree of schooling and political activity through magazines and newspapers - and that had left the PCB in the early 1980s, in the midst of conflicts with the so-called "prestistas" and, later, with the “pragmatic current”. It was demonstrated that, side of the programmatic divergences, the intellectual prestige contributes to understand the exit of the PCB, once these agents had assets and resources capable of reconversion in that period of strong transformations in the political and intellectual champs. Between these agents, those who obtained greater prestige and recognition were those who ceased to be partisan intellectuals and became university intellectuals, what was done through the existence of a series of tensions because of the coexistence of them with the standard of intellectual excellence that was imposed at the time, strongly based on the North-American model of science.
Atenção à saúde mental da pessoa idosa: transtornos mentais comuns, fragilidade e percepções psicossociais na atenção primária à saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Cruz e Silva, Pérola Liciane Baptista
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Zazzetta, Marisa Silvana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2350656835896699
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0074038474744194
Population aging is a known fact and accompanied by international policies, with a view to promoting health conditions in order to generate satisfactory experiences, with preservation of autonomy and quality of life for the elderly. Also considering the decline of some behavioral functions and the greater presence of chronic non-communicable diseases, the group of mental suffering becomes an important part of the disease burden, and should be currently addressed within the lines of care for the elderly in the primary care network the health. The objective was to analyze the clinical characteristics of elderly people in the context of Primary Health Care, considering the presence of Common Mental Disorder, frailty and self-perception of health in the elderly and perceptions of psychosocial complaints and behaviors of members of health teams. It is a mixed methods research, with data collection in sequential phases. Quantitative data were collected from the elderly in the first phase, using the Self Reporting Questionaire, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, self-rated health questionnaire, medication use and general sociodemographic data. In a second qualitative phase, the professionals who make up the primary care teams in the same coverage areas were interviewed. 205 elderly people participated in the research, mostly women (65.9%), aged between 60 and 69 years (60.5%), with 1 to 4 years of study (53.7%) and retired (80%). , currently unoccupied (92.2%). Individual income is mostly up to 1 minimum wage. A score suggestive of a common mental disorder was found in 32.6% of the participants, associated with frailty and use of a greater amount of medication. Regarding the situation of frailty, this was present in 54.1% of the elderly. In terms of self-perception of health, the majority rated their health as good/very good (58%) and polypharmacy was identified in 22% of participants. users. In the professionals' speeches, three categories emerged, Search for care by the elderly, Conduct of the Teams in the face of psychosocial complaints and Care Network and other points in the municipality. It was observed that despite the presence of mental disorders, professional approaches in primary care are fragile, requiring strategies to strengthen and qualify teams for extended care for the elderly.
Linguagem R aplicada ao planejamento fatorial em química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Tobias Júnior, Neri Godoy
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
The present work aimed to adapt the fabi_efeito and regression2 scripts from Octave/Matlab to the R language and apply them in the context of factorial design in chemistry using some examples, as well as using existing packages available for R in the optimization of an experiment and in the composition of a mixture. Factorial design applied to chemistry is used to help understand systems and optimize processes. For the calculations used in these methods, virtual spreadsheets or softwares capable of performing it are commonly used, with the free software RStudio being an alternative in the processing, analysis and visualization of these data, with a vast library of packages that can be applied to factorial design in chemistry. In this work, through the PacoteEfeitos package, an adaptation of the fabi_efeito and regression2 scripts, it was possible to calculate the percentage and probability of effects, obtain regression models, as well as the plot of graphs to visualize them and their parameters, in addition, through packages available for R, such as NlcOptim, rsm and mixexp, it was possible to obtain contour plots and response surfaces for a Doehlert-type design and contour plot for a mixture design, as well as their optimal regions and predicted responses.
Serpenteando: experienciando a construção de um espaço de divulgação científica sobre o ofidismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Lima, Camila do Nascimento Moreira
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Silva, Fernanda Keila Marinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0913646398100219
Snakes are among the most fearsome animals and this happens because this group has a socially constructed stigma (even in the religious view) of being cunning, treacherous and vengeful, in addition, they still have some venomous species. In the last 30 years, due to human actions such as urbanization and agriculture, snakes have lost about 80% of their habitat in the national territory. The consequence of this process is the entry of these animals into urban spaces in search of shelter and resources to survive. This leads to a higher probability of accidents in areas close to rural areas. In these places, residents may not be used to living with wild animals, at the risk of suffering an ophidian accidents or killing the snake. From these questions, the idea of this work is to create a scientific popularization blog that addresses the themes of snakes and snakes topics, aiming to improve the coexistence between residents who live close to rural areas with the snakes in the surroundings. In this blog, basic knowledge about snakes is found, the importance of this group is emphasized and it is expected to provide access to the snakes topics debate and snake preservation. The blog is composed of articles, which were defined according to the author's perception (who lives in an area that fits the presented context) about the need for information in the face of doubts that arose among the neighbors. The site was created using the WordPress tool and made available remotely through GitHub Pages and has the title: "Serpenteando - A mini guide to coexistence".
Cadeia produtiva: conexões intersetoriais e complexidade estrutural da produção brasileira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Sales, Mariana Gomes de Oliveira
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Oliveira, Maria Aparecida Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3455553543736709
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0061963000295016
The arrangements of the production structure are divided by the links between sectors that interconnect the set of production chains, and these structural changes impact on the transformations of economic development. Although the literature has essays on these impacts, the terminologies of the productive structure in terms of production chain have always been disconnected, making it necessary to understand this dynamic from the point of view that not only the size of sectorial links is relevant, but also the economic distance between sectors. Thus, an interpretation will be presented about the dynamics of transformations of these processes, seeking to discuss the importance of the production structure, identify the production chains and the main sectors that are part of them. In this context, the present work seeks to analyze the links of the Brazilian production chain structure through the input-output analysis, as well as its evolution for the years 2010-2018, through the methodology of indicators estimated from the IPM (input-output matrix): indicator of average propagation length (APL), indicator of structural complexity (EC) and the indicator of strength of intersectoral links, developed by Dietzenbacher, Romero and, Bosma (2005). The results indicated that the Brazilian economy has relevant production chains that start with the Natural Resource Intensive Industry and Agriculture sectors. During the years 2010-2018, the economy lost some longer intermediations in its chains, but managed to maintain its composition. The growth rate of Structural Complexity over the years remained minimal, with no relevant changes in structural changes in new linkages. It is concluded that its specialization continued to focus on production in the Natural Resource Intensive Industry and Agriculture sectors, with a positive advance in the Science-Based Industry sector, but little progress in its development over the years.
Good practices with injectables: digital technology for nursing education to control infections
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Roseira, Camila Eugenia
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Fittipaldi, Thais Roberto Magalhães
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Costa, Lívia Cristina Scalon da
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Silva, Darlyani Mariano da
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Dias, Ana Angélica Lima
Objectives: to build, validate, implement, and evaluate an educational strategy for nursing professionals and students aiming at good practices in administrating injectable medications. Methods: methodological study for the development of an open course, without tutoring, in a virtual learning environment about good practices with injectable medications. Results: ten evaluators validated the educational material that supported the course “Good Practices with Injectables: actions for infection control” regarding objectives, structure, and relevance for the e-book and podcast. The evaluation by the target population (17 individuals) suggests that it is relevant and motivating. However, the forum may be the least attractive tool, and other studies should be conducted to identify its effectiveness as a tool for content retention in open courses. Conclusions: the course is open and has no mentoring for students and nursing professionals with validated educational material for this purpose may be used for nursing education in formal or informal settings.
Um perfil do comportamento e características dos indivíduos frente a covid-19 a partir da pnad covid19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Janine, Samantha Navarro
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Ferreira Filho, Pedro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3166756210159019
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4302111067253537
The National Household Sample Survey (PNAD), which is conducted by IBGE, consists of general characteristics of the population, education, labor, income and housing. The COVID-19 pandemic, started in March 2020, imposed some conditions that made IBGE modify the procedures for carrying out the PNAD. Among the changes implemen-ted, it is worth mentioning the incorporation of questions related to COVID-19, thus giving rise to PNAD COVID19. It is important to remember that in the beginning of the pandemic, few studies were developed to evaluate the behavior of the people in this period. In that regard, it is necessary to stand out Barbosa e Alves (2021), who approach the importance of knowing civic statistics to the formation of citizens aware of their reality. Due to this fact, this study aims to characterize the individuals who had at least one symptom during the spread of the coronavirus from information collected by PNAD COVID19 between may and november 2020, initial period of the pandemic. Explora-tory descriptive analysis and factorial correspondence analysis were conducted to relate the symptoms of COVID-19 from the people interviewed with variables regarding their behavior in this scenario. Results indicated a pattern between the three months studied (march, august and november), both for exploratory descriptive analysis and factorial correspondence analy-sis, in which the majority of the individuals had up to three symptoms simultaneously. Furthermore, some relationships between the occurrence and the number of symptoms were identified, in particular, the association between cough, sore throat, fever and chest pain, these being some of the symptoms conjugated by IBGE most susceptible to the presence of the COVID-19 virus.
Data science: um glossário para profissionais da área de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Lima, Pedro Henrique Ferreira
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Pereira Filho, Edenir Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
Data Science aims to provide strategies and tools capable of optimizing processes and increasing results strength, being a powerful and decisive mechanism to enhance the research and production capability, which ensures the conformity of technology centers and laboratories. The statistical methods comprise the basis which underpin data science, in its varied applications and distinctions, being invaluable for researchers of all sectors. Several tools and computing languages stand out as they aim to enable or facilitate the data analysis. Those tool work together with the Design of Experiments, being fundamental for obtain conclusive data and making assertive decisions. The optimization processes, along with cost and waste reduction, lead to standardization of the production center and allow the interface between Data Science, Design of Experiments and quality control processes. The programming tools for Data Science play a roll since the beginning of the exploratory analysis of the data project, starting with the reading and comprehension of text files (txt), CSV (comma-separated values), XML (extensible markup language) and others. These obtained data are treated and modeled, becoming appropriate to go through mathematical and statistical methods, obtain specific information for conclusions about experiments, based on descriptive and inferential statistics, hypothesis tests, ANOVA and linear regression. This work is centered on the description of the following programming tools and quality control methods: R, Python, C++, Matlab, Octave, SQL, 6σ and 5S.
Natureza e Arte na Filosofia de Condillac
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Camargo, David Ferreira
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Nascimento, Luís Fernandes dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3654785629696808
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Cruz, Fernão de Oliveira Salles dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9496354571712524
Les idées de nature et d’art sont abstraites et générales. Ce genre d’idées exige des analyses attentives pour ne pas devenir des concepts vides de sens. Quand Condillac propose un nouveau paradigme de métaphysique, il en trouve les fondements dans les sensations. Par conséquent, il considère que les idées générales et abstraites se constituent dans l’observation et dans l’expérience. Les idées, à leur tour, ont pu être élaborées et transmises à travers l’histoire par le langage, c’est-à-dire, l’usage des signes. Le bon usage du langage permet la représentation nette et précise des idées, ainsi que le développement de la pensée humaine. Ainsi, la philosophie de Condillac promet une réforme de l’approche métaphysique, de son langage, et, en générale, l’apprentissage et des connaissances humaines. Penser les rapports entre nature et art chez Condillac nous fait donc comprendre les plusieurs thèmes qu’il a traité dans le système de sa philosophie.
O ensino de língua inglesa pautado por projetos: um aporte para a implementação da base nacional comum curricular
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Lopes, Fernanda
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Gregolin, Isadora Valencise
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015869228676997
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1716119582431117
Other pedagogical work planned by Novo Ensino Médio (BRASIL, 2017) aims at the comprehensive development of the student so that their knowledge is mobilized in the understanding of interdisciplinary issues, to relate them to everyday problems. One of two possible ways to develop this type of work is two work projects from an educational perspective (HERNANDEZ, 1998), which does not imply that the purpose of work and curricular organization includes only “projects”, either, this process is not about implementation of a form or fixed idea, but admits modifications and dialogue with the context. In this historical moment of curricular reforms, in which one of the suggested perspectives for work in schools and work by projects, it is important to have two own professors-researchers with theoretical problems on the subject and, therefore, we justify the choice of the subject of our research. , which seeks to contribute with a gap pointed out by Lucas (2016) that the characteristics of two didactic materials that are few for teachers present, in general, a strong intuitive character and little theoretical base. My research objectives, therefore, analyze how the perspective of Work Projects is characterized in a didactic book and problematize how it can be implemented in a specific context of teaching, taking into account the objectives of English Language teaching foreseen by the Teaching curriculum Middle of the State of São Paulo. The academic relevance of our research consists of a theoretical and methodological contribution from the perspective of a teacher-researcher of basic education and will be able to offer well-founded reflections on aspects of planning, implementation and assessment of teaching.
Síntese de microfibras biopoliméricas de zeína/hidroxipropilmetilcelulose e nanofibrila para liberação controlada de fármacos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Ferreira, João Otávio
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Duarte, Maíra Peres Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5201758415555524
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Francisco, Kelly Roberta
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0422652925722673
This master’s thesis aimed to develop electrospun microfibers formed by hydroxypropylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMC-AS), zein and celulose nanofibril to be used in the release of metronidazole (MDZ) and metronidazole benzoate (BMDZ), which are important drugs in the treatment of periodontal disease. The morphology, chemical composition and cristalinity of the membranes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The termal behavior of the fibers was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA). Furthermore, the drug release profile and the kinetic mechanism were also evaluated. The results showed that microfibers were produced without defects, amorphous and with average diameters of 1,689; 1,298 and 1,395μm mμ for membranes formed by HPMC-AS/zein in the proportion of 40/60, 50/50 and 60/40 (% w/w), respectively. Microfibers formed by HPMC-AS/zein 60/40 presented the smallest average diameter and fewer defects on their surface, which is the reason this system was chosen for drug delivery purposes. However, after addition of the drugs, extensive crystallization of the drugs was visualized on the fiber surface and also many deffects were produced. Thus, celulose nanofibrils were added to this system, producing defect-free and semi-crystalline fibers with an average diameter of 1,968; 1,076 and 1,510μm for systems containing 20% MDZ / 20% BMDZ, 40% MDZ and 40% BMDZ, respectively. FTIR, XRD and DSC results suggested intermolecular interactions via hydrogen bonding among polymeric chains and the drugs, with a decrease in the melting temperature of the drug crystals present in the fibers. Drug release profile from fibers containing 40% of each drug showed a fast release of MDZ molecules in the first 6h (80%), while BMDZ showed a slower release (30%). For the membrane containing 20% of each drug, the drug release decreased with maintenance of 55% for at least 5 days, concomitantly with suficiente therapeutic amounts of the drugs in the first hours (40%). In other words, electrospun fibers of HPMC-AS, zein and cellulose nanofibril containing metronidazole and metronidazole benzoate are strategic materials that provides na immediate release of the drugs for the initial treatment of periodontitis and a slow release for the maintenance of drugs in the oral tract for hours/days.
Um olhar crítico e dialógico entre a educação prisional, o ensino de ciências e o preparo do reeducando para a sua ressocialização e reintegração à sociedade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-09)
Rosolen, Jussara Maria da Silva
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
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Sebastiani, Renata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9773755519907716
Brazil, the country with the third largest prison population in the world, lacks reflection, study and dialogue on Prison Education. In addition, there is still little research on pedagogical practices and theories on this topic that is so relevant to the construction of a more egalitarian society. The first researches were motivated by the need to review the search for models that can raise the awareness of the reeducated for their return to life in society. This research was guided by the methodology of qualitative and descriptive bibliographic research. Listing the concepts arising from government agencies, laws, practices and theories to rethink the inclusion of reeducating and their social journey in order to build a new beginning. It was also sought to rethink the Education of Youth and Adults in the prison context, which awakens and stimulates the criticality of the reeducated. The objective of the research was to demonstrate how education can break this cycle of crime, helping to break and help in resocialization and social reintegration, providing people serving time in the prison system with concrete opportunities to rewrite their proposed life trajectory. Thus, it was reflected on how Prison Education, used in the prison system, transforms and includes this subject/re-educating in society and also how Paulo Freire's Liberating Pedagogy motivates the rescue of the feeling of belonging, of returning to the family, and of the role of re-socialization and reintegration of the re-educated in society. It is also essential to understand the challenges of creating projects and actions for the awareness of the reeducating/subject as a social and global being, in this way, the selected studies were analyzed from the use of the concepts of Liberating Pedagogy - based on Freirean Pedagogy. From this research on Portal Capes and Google Scholar, only ten articles published in the last ten years on Prison Education and Science Teaching were found, which not all bring aspects related to dialogue, social transformation and problematization advocated by Paulo Freire. Thus, it was still recognized a long way for a more effective resocialization and also an opportunity for new studies regarding the contribution of Science Teaching in this sense.
Indústria 4.0: uma revisão sobre os requisitos mínimos para sua implementação em indústrias de processos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Chaguri, Lucas Ferreira
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Ferreira, Maria do Carmo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070885875161111
The industrial sector has always faced great changes that were mainly marked by the great industrial revolutions. Each one of them brought new technologies, new production methods and great advances to the sector, in order to be able to serve the final customer more quickly and effectively. Currently, a new industrial revolution is taking place, a movement that started in Germany and was originally focused only on manufacturing, but which due to the rapid evolution of globalization and the IOT (The Internet of Things) is already taking over all the others. company sectors. This revolution is called Industry 4.0 and unlike other revolutions, this one does not just happen within the industry, but connects the entire value chain, up to the end customer, collecting and processing data from each step of the process and, through this information, promotes continuous improvements both in terms of production and customer experience. Therefore, the objective of this graduation work is to present what Industry 4.0 is and what are its main pillars, as well as to discuss the minimum level of maturity that a company needs to have in order to implement Industry 4.0 technologies, taking into account the infrastructure for the application of new technologies, the cultural transformation that must occur to meet the new needs and, finally, to present an assessment of the difficulties and challenges that a chemical industry faces to reach the minimum requirements necessary for the implementation of fourth-generation technologies generation.
Análise da recuperação de açúcares redutores totais na etapa de filtração de uma usina sucroalcooleira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Rodrigues, Gustavo Arnaldo
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Casciatori, Fernanda Perpétua
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1269950652196294
Brazil is the largest sugarcane producer of the world, with more than 654 millions tons harvested in the year of 2021. In the same year, were produced 35 millions tons of sugar and 26,8 billions liters of ethanol. Due to the production size, losses in process results in big financial damage. Among the process macro steps are the juice treatment, that seeks to eliminate insoluble solids and contribute with the product’s final quality. The filtration is the last part of the treatment, which the mud that came from the clarifier is filtered aiming to recover total reducing sugars (TRS). An adequate control and sizing are necessary to minimize the effects of losses in filtered mud. Thus, this work’s goal was to evaluate the recuperation of TRS from different scenarios in the unit, which has four rotary vacuum filters and one vacuum belt filter. In the scenarios, the occupancy of the filters was varied and, posteriorly, the amount of TRS, the filter loss and the financial recovery were calculated. Comparing with the most efficient scenario, where both filters was under full capacity, the scenario in which the rotary filters where 25,06% above capacity, presented mud filter loss of 0,137% resulting in a financial loss of R$ 1.202.522,48 during the harvest. In the scenario where the belt filter was 12,82% above its capacity, the mud filter loss was 0,031% and the financial loss in the harvest was R$272.699,18. Finally, it was possible to conclude that the advantageous way to conduct the filtering process is with the filter below its maximum capacity. It is important to emphasize that are other evaluations that must be accomplished before suggesting an investment in the sector.
Modelo machine learning de um trocador de calor tipo placa via modelo gerado no Aspen
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Santos, Wellington Martins
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Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9510667439952406
Mathematical optimization methods tend to be increasingly applied, both due to the greater capacity of computers, as well as the greater knowledge of the behavior of the systems and consequent knowledge of the variables to be modified, in order to obtain an optimized response. In the search for opportunities for improvement in chemical processes, such as predicting mass flow of refrigeration streams in the beverage industry, artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) have been commonly used, which have been used in this industry since the 1980s, as they are sufficiently rigorous models and quick to activate control devices effectively. Therefore, this work has the final objective of building a mathematical model using machine learning, which calculates the mass flow rate of the ethanol input stream (cooling fluid) in the plate heat exchanger at the brewery. From measurements of temperature, pressure and flow of the real currents of the company's heat exchangers (AMBEV), a model was developed in Aspen HYSYS®, to represent the behavior of these exchangers. From a mesh of inputs, the model was used to simulate the outputs. These outputs were used to build an empirical model that represented the process. Three types of empirical models were used for supervised learning: linear regression, multilayer perceptron and decision tree. To optimize and evaluate the models, data were separated into cross-validation and testing. The decision tree model was able to better predict the mass flow rate of the Ethanol stream with a standard deviation of 1.92×10^(-08) and 0 Kg/s, for the respective heat exchangers.
Validação de software para simulação cromatográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Furlani, Murilo Tadeu Rusconi
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Pádua, Thiago Faggion de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909812973749651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1713898695937381
The global market for bioproducts has shown a great increase in recent years, and shows the prospect of an even greater increase in the coming years. In the manufacture of bioproducts, the purification step (or downstream) is shown to be a bottleneck in economic viability, representing 50% to 80% of the total cost of these processes. Liquid chromatography is a type of mixture separation of great importance in the manufacture of bioproducts, due to its versatility, allowing a large number of combinations and strategies. Several molecules of high added value are produced in a complex mixture, with several components, in opposition to the specification for high purity in the final product. In these cases, chromatography is the most common choice in the purification steps. The high cost and development time of chromatographic processes can represent an obstacle for new products to reach the market and reduce the economic viability of implementing the process on a large scale. This reaffirms the importance of finding ways to simplify the development of these separation techniques and make them more affordable. Thus, the present work aimed to test the application of the Croma Dash Engine software (Registered at INPI, Process Nº: BR512022000420-8), for chromatography simulation using devices such as parametric sensitivity tests and applied simulations. From the simulations, the results obtained using different interpolators were evaluated, in order to define the Koren interpolation method as the most viable for the adopted process conditions, being this method accurate when using a mesh with a relatively small number of nodes. (200 in most cases), which provided timely simulation. It was also possible to analyze the behavior of the simulated peaks in terms of what is expected by the physical chemistry of the chromatographic process. The qualitative behavior was evaluated according to what is expected from the literature, both in experimental and simulation terms. It was possible to observe the sharpening effect, which is expected under overload conditions, relatively short lengths and favorable isotherm. In addition, the peaks with greater funneling also showed development to a constant pattern behavior, something known in the literature and important in experimentation for scaling up of adsorption columns.
A presença da mulher indígena no ensino superior brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Almeida, Aline Gabriela de
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Braga, Rosângela Batalha
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Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0885392135692490
Despite the inclusion of indigenous peoples in the Brazilian public university, there are several barriers that prevent indigenous students, especially women, from remaining in their course. The general objective of this work is to create an overview of studies already published on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of existing affirmative actions in Brazil for indigenous women. The methodology used was documentary research on the main academic platforms, followed by government websites, scientific articles and published magazines that address issues related to indigenous themes at the university, especially on the presence of indigenous women in public universities. The greatest difficulty was to find, specifically, data that revealed actions aimed at the female indigenous public and exact numbers of indigenous university students entering or even completing higher education, which suggests further studies on this topic that is so important for Brazilian higher education.
Uso de programas gratuitos para a simulação dinâmica da secagem em leito fixo com reversão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Kotchetkoff, Paulo Coelho
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Freire, Fábio Bentes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8937961078558996
Mathematical models are widely used in the design, control, and optimization of systems. With the growing popularization of the computer as an accessible tool and technology advances, it is increasingly common to include computer simulation as a fundamental step in the development of chemical processes. The high energy demands in the drying process lead to stricter requirements regarding the efficiency of the equipment used. In order to improve drying efficiency, the DEQ/UFSCar Particulate Systems developed a thick fixed bed primarily intended to verify process models. The cell allows changing the direction of the airflow, causing the decrease of the temperature and moisture gradients inside the bed. Were then derived and experimentally verified dynamic models with different degrees of complexity, and recently, a two-phase model was implemented in Matlab that describes with a good agreement the drying of alumina in the thick fixed bed. Because the alumina has essentially free water (easier drying) and is structurally simple, it was the standard grain used in drying simulations with airflow reversal. The present Final Undergraduate Paper aims to simulate the drying of thick fixed bed alumina with airflow reversal using the two phases model, converting the Matlab script into Scilab and Python. The simulation results were compared to the conventional fixed bed operation to see if it effectively reduced the temperature and moisture gradients achieved with the reversal technique.
Simulação dinâmica da produção de biossurfactantes pelas bactérias Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Pseudomonas fluorescens utilizando modelo cinético de Monod
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-12)
Silva, Mariana Julia Gomes da
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Sousa Júnior, Ruy de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983482879541203
Surfactants are tensoative compounds with amphipathic characteristics, due to the presence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic structures in the same molecule, which gives them the property of distributing themselves between two immiscible phases from the reduction of interfacial and surface tension. The production of these molecules can come from synthetic or biological routes, with the synthetic route using petroleum derivatives and the biological route using cellular metabolites or enzymes. The exploration of the microbiological route comes from the growing environmental concern for the substitution of petroleum-based products by less polluting ones, because the surfactants produced by the chemical route have greater toxicity to living beings and its application may result in environmental contamination of soils and aquatic environments. In comparison, biosurfactants have biodegradable and non-toxic characteristics, may have higher surfactant power than those from the synthetic route, and are stable over a wide range of temperature, pH, and ionic strength. This work is a literature review on surfactants, biosurfactants and their main uses in the industry, especially in the petrochemical industry. In addition, the objective was to model and simulate the production of biosurfactant by respiration, using the free software Scilab 6.1.1. By defining a kinetics for consumption of the two substrates (heavy petroleum fractions, n-Hexadecane and n-Eicosane), for cell growth of two biosurfactant-producing bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria) and accumulation of bioproduct (Ramnolipid biosurfactant), a system of ordinary differential equations was organized, based on Monod's kinetic model proposed by Sakthpriya et al. (2016). The results obtained reinforce the possibility of using the two bacteria for the degradation of these heavy hydrocarbon fractions, evidenced by the consumption of substrate mass as a function of the formation of new biosurfactants. Even with a low productivity for industrial application, the analysis from the low yield data, which was calculated from the average biomass produced per unit of substrate mass consumed (g.g-1), had the highest quantitative production with n-Eicosane as substrate and P. aeruginosa as bacterial cell, reaching the concentration of 0.12 g.L-1. For the model developed with the High Yield values, the highest concentration of biosurfactant used n-hexadecane as substrate and P. aeruginosa as bacteria, reaching a maximum concentration of 5.45 g.L-1.