Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2022-09-19"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 10

A compreensão dos professores do Ensino Fundamental I sobre o processo o processo avaliativo da aprendizagem matemática na perspectiva Histórico-Cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Souza, Edilene Pontes de; Tedeschi, Wania; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743322664981581; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5743418915518757
This research deals with the evaluation of learning in Mathematics and is based on the Historical-Cultural Theory, which expresses as a principle that the formation of man is a dialectical process, which takes place through social interaction, mediated by cultural instruments. From this theoretical perspective, assessment is inseparable from the teaching and learning process. Considering the conflicts present in relation to this process and, consequently, to the evaluation practices in schools for the integral development of students, we propose the following research question: How the organization of the evaluation process in Mathematics, developed by teachers of the fifth years of Elementary School I -Does EFI relate to your understanding of learning assessment? Our hypothesis is that formative assessment practices in schools are enhanced when teachers understand assessments a inseparable from the teaching and learning process, with the aim of providing opportunities for the appropriation of scientific knowledge. As the main objective of the research, we propose to investigate what is the understanding of teachers about the evaluation of learning in Mathematic and what is its relationship with the organization of the evaluation process. The specific objectives, to raise with the teachers what they undestand about evaluation, to apprehend the organization of the teaching learning and evaluation process in Mathematics, according to the development forwarded by the teachers; and analyze these processes, according to the movement of contradictions and opposites in unity. The research has a dialectical approach, an analysis methodology based on the principles of the Historical-Cultural Theory, capturing the movement of the teaching and learning process together with the evaluation of Mathematics, seeking from dialectical pairs the presence of contradictions, such a the struggle of opposites in the construction of the unity of the phenomenon in reality. The instruments used to capture the data were semi-structured interviews with four teachers who teach, or have taught with fifth grade classes of Elementary Scool I, and document analysis referring to the process of teaching, learning and assessment in Mathematics, in the year 2021: Plano Teachers’ Annual, opinions, resolutions and other legal measures issued by the Municipal Secretary of Education, before and during the context of remote and emergency teaching, a pandemic period, which influenced the organization of the school’s pedagogical work. Teachers understand assessment as process, which is subjective and not systematized. When meeting prescribed objectives, determined by legal documents and bureaucratic requeriments, they distance themselves from their understanding and end up organizing the evaluation process in a timely manner, shifting the evaluation from the process to the product. This relationship between the understanding and development of the teaching, learning and assessment process is historically dated and is in constant motion. In view of this, conflicts and contradictions arise, which we consider dialectical pairs, a unit of opposites that talk to each other and make possible, through the reflection of teachers, transformations in the organization of the teaching and learning process of Mathematics. In the remote teaching peiod, teaching and learning suffered interference from the context, there was no interaction between students and school for the construction of collective knowledge, in addition to limitation of instruments to assess the reality of the process.
Uma transição para a gestão ágil de projetos: estudo de caso em uma instituição financeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Portella, Vitoria de Oliveira; Silva, Joao Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
Since the early 2000s, the agile methodology has been implemented by several technology companies when there is a need for software development. Around 2010, organizations from other branches also started a movement to change project management, in order to make their project processes more flexible and bring communication between the development team and their customers closer. This research aims to analyze the transition of project management methodologies, from traditional to agile, by a non-technology company. The research is exploratory and the method used is the case study, applied to different areas of a company in the means of payment sector. As research instruments, interviews are used with company employees who have important roles in the company's project management transition. The results reveal benefits brought by the implementation of the agile methodology, such as the reduction of project execution time, facilitation of communication between clients and work teams, in addition to faster changes in the project scope when necessary. Some points of reservation and attention are also considered, such as the redefinition of roles in the company's functional structure caused by the change of position in the transition of project methodology and the lack of a standardized method to measure customer satisfaction.
Língua portuguesa no ensino em Timor-Leste: representações sociais de formadores e formandos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Camargo, Renata Tironi de; Viana, Nelson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4011327590298193
Timor-Leste is an island country, located on the Asian continent, whose official language is Portuguese, along with Tetun. It is undoubtedly intriguing, to say the least, that the Portuguese language (PL) survived in this territory during a period of more than 400 years of Portuguese colonization, 24 years of deterritorialization by the Indonesian military, two transitional governments administered by the United Nations, and nearly 20 years of political autonomy as an independent nation. Faced with this concern, we conducted the present study to identify and analyze social representations about the Portuguese language in Timorese education. Particularly, we set out to identify perceptions of the PL, based on the statements made by teachers and learners, and to understand the relations concerning their representations of Portuguese in the Timorese context. To this end, we conducted an ethnographic qualitative study, collecting data from questionnaires and interviews with teachers and learners. The research context was a PL course taught to professors from Private Higher Education Institutions in Dili, which are linked to the Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Culture (MESCC). The course was aimed at promoting the Portuguese language in the academic context. For analysis and interpretation of data, the Theory of Social Representations, proposed by Moscovici (1978), was used as a theoretical framework to explain and shed light on the social reality of a group, while considering the historical-critical dimension of the subjects. The set of social representations identified in the participants’ statements was organized into two major categories of analysis: (i) data from a questionnaire applied to private university professors learning Portuguese and (ii) data collected from interviews with teachers who teach PL to such university professors. The data collected from the questionnaire were grouped into two categories: profile and perceptions. The former provides information that enables a characterization of the PL learners. The latter reveals that these learners represent the PL as difficult at times - and they attribute most of such difficulty to its grammatical structure - but as easy at other times. In addition, they all stated that i) they find it important to learn Portuguese in the socio-political context in which they live; ii) they intend to use PL as a working tool in the future; and iii) their lives have changed professionally and politically after the PL was made official and was implemented in Timor-Leste in 2002. Based on the analysis of the interviews, we could make inferences about representations relative to the MESCC Program, including its objectives, the learners, and proposals for improving the course. Furthermore, the PL teachers mentioned Indonesian, English, Portuguese and Tetun as languages that are used more intensively in higher education environments. As far as the PL is concerned, they made comments that indicate representations about the presence of this language in Timor-Leste, pointed out challenges posed by classroom practice, and mentioned characteristics of an emerging variant of PL that is typical of their country. Finally, it is noteworthy that the social representations discussed in this dissertation may provide useful insights for the development of language policies, with a view to improving the quality of PL teaching in Timor-Leste.
Ensinando condutividade e resistividade através de jogo eletrônico: corrida eletrônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Oliveira, Leandro Carvalho de; López, Johnny Vilcarromero; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2842871947259606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623278891616755
The concepts of conduction and electrical resistance are important themes, but not much explored in the Physics teaching literature, especially in basic education. This encouraged the desire to address the topic in order to looking for mechanisms to make physics classes more attractive. In particular, through the use of technology with tools that students are used to dealing with, such as games. The educational product developed involves an adequate didactic sequence in a videogame that addresses electrical conductivity and resistivity in a playful way. The didactic sequence was designed to introduce the game in a natural and recreational way. As a theoretical framework for the assessment of learning, we adopted the theory of meaningful learning by David Ausubel. For the development of the game, the Construct 2 platform was chosen and used, which allows the construction of a 2D game in a simple and self-intuitive way. The educational product was applied to students of the 3rd grade of high school at a school located in the city of Tietê, in the interior of São Paulo. The application of the educational product was divided into 5 stages, taking into account the following order: survey of previous knowledge, lectures and dialogues, application of the game, evaluation and verification of significant learning. The results obtained in the application of the product are promising and show important points of significant learning of the students involved.
Panorama de médias e grandes propriedades rurais do município de Araras, SP, com base no Cadastro Ambiental Rural (CAR)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Sacoman, Leonardo Alponti; Sais, Adriana Cavalieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0115095851353833; Penha, Alessandra dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9799774247477252
The need to protect the environment for conserving natural resources and native vegetation has been extremely urgent, and in Brazil, the Brazilian Native Vegetation Protection Law (LPVN) - Law No. 12.651, May 25th, 2012 - has described the Permanent Preservation Area (AAP), the Legal Reserve (RL), and Restricted Use Areas; forest exploitation, the supply of forest raw materials, control of the origin of forest products, control and prevention of forest fires, and the provision of economic and financial instruments to achieve its objectives. We aimed to verify the scenario of medium and large rural properties in the municipality of Araras, São Paulo, Southeast Brazil, and analyze the self-declaratory data of rural properties, which we selected from the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) database. We collected information for Araras that was available on the CAR website in shapefile format, which contained the characteristics of the scenario declared by rural landowners regarding the total area of the properties, RL, APP, and restricted use. We processed data through a Geographic Information System (GIS) to provide greater detail and ease of understanding the data. Additionally, we selected randomly six rural properties were, three medium (between four to 15 fiscal modules), and three large ones (over 15 fiscal modules), to characterize them and verify that they followed the rules established in the LPVN. We found are 1,099 rural properties in Araras, 135 of which are medium-sized, and 75 large ones. Considering the total extension of Araras, 60,460 ha refers to rural areas, with 5,050 ha corresponding to native vegetation; 7,365 ha to the Legal Reserve; 360 ha, to consolidated areas; 40 ha, to administrative easement; 12 ha, for restricted use; and 793 ha, to hydrography. The medium and large rural properties, together, are responsible for occupying 50,184 ha (85%) of the entire rural territory. We found that 5,050 ha, 10% of the total areas related to medium and large rural properties, correspond to native vegetation, 7,365 ha (14%), to RL; 360 ha (<1%), to the consolidated area, 40 ha (<1%), to the administrative easement; 12 ha (<1%), to restricted use and 793 ha (<1%), to hydrography. Four of the six properties selected for characterization did not comply with the guidelines established by the LPVN. We argued about the possible lack of interest in using alternatives to deal with environmental liabilities, referring to the recovery of native vegetation in the areas, for the benefit of new amnesties, as occurred from the LPVN. To revert this scenario, we think that will be necessary to establish public policies that promote the maintenance and/or restoration of native vegetation and that prioritize inspections regarding compliance with the LPVN.
Estudo e avaliação da percepção do usuário de faixas de pedestres modificadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Canavese, Patricia Consorti; Hirosue, Fernando Hideki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8726134913256500
Currently, there are a large number of traffic accidents around the world, causing damages due to the loss of lives and materials, requiring government investment to repair the damage caused. In Brazil and underdeveloped countries as a whole, the reality is even more serious. To alleviate this situation, inspection systems, specific laws, and improvement of roads, among others, are implemented to increase the safety of road users, whether drivers, pedestrians, or cyclists. It is in this scenario that traffic signal plays an important role. Among the existing types of signage, the crosswalk is important, as most accidents involve pedestrians. Faced with such a scenario, this research shows the analysis of the impact caused by the use of the Modified Pedestrian Crossing. In this research, the Rank Order Method was used to analyze four different types of crosswalks in three criteria: visual impact, safety perception, and confusion caused. The Pedestrian Crossings that caused greater and less visual impact were, respectively, the Diamond type and the Zebra cross walk type. The ones that brought the greatest and least sense of security were, in this order, the Blue Background type and the Diamond type. Finally, the most confusing is the Diamond type and the least confusing is the Zebra cross walk type. These results show that the use of colors and elements in the crosswalks contributed to increasing the results in each of the parameters analyzed.
Compósito a base de hidroxiapatita com ação antimicrobiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Bellucci, Gustavo Venancio; Assis, Marcelo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3449316915846364; Rosa, Ieda Lucia Viana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086262254116449; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2037492706791746
The development of materials that have antimicrobial properties are increasingly highlighted in the academic environment. In this way, the use of hydroxyapatite (HAp) as a support for semiconductors and natural compounds for application in biological systems becomes of extreme interest due to its known antimicrobial action. the proportion of α-Ag2WO4 and the presence of curcumin were varied, hoping that the materials obtained would have antimicrobial activity. To make this compound viable, the hydroxyapatite was synthesized by means of a co-precipitation in reflux with strict temperature and pH controls, then by an in situ synthesis, we had to obtain the silver supported on hydroxyapatite by means of the sonochemical method and finally it was performed the anchoring of curcumin, obtaining, therefore, the final material and carrying out the characterization of the samples in XRD, FT-IR and SEM. The results obtained were promising, since by the diffractogram it was observed that a phase related to α-Ag2WO4 was obtained, as well as in the infrared spectroscopy bands related to curcumin were observed, in addition, the material proved to be efficient against the fungus C. albicans, especially the HAp-AWO-30%-Cur samples, which in small concentrations had 99.0% efficiency against fungal species. Against another types of vitruses and bacterials , this material can be effective and usable in bone and odontological implants.
Estudo óptico e comissionamento da linha de luz Carcará-X do Sirius
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Astolfo, João Pedro Imbriani; Meyer, Bernd Christian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4876077430009685; Teodoro, Marcio Daldin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602634309535528; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5495563662661822
This work describes the optical study of the SIRIUS CARCARÁ-X beamline carried out with the optics group at the National Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS). The line, in the commissioning phase, will be used to diagnose the machine's emittance and uses magnifying crystals in its design. Wave and geometric optics simulations to determine the intensity distribution of the light beam in different positions of the line, as well as studies of the behavior and sensitivity of the beam as a function of rotations and translations of the optical elements were carried out to determine configuration parameters and mechanical design for the CARCARÁ-X magnifier crystals. Once the initial beam and mechanical assembly parameters were defined, different case studies of the positioning of the CARCARÁ-X crystals were carried out to compare flow, alignment tolerances and ease of assembly from an engineering point of view. With these comparisons it is possible to define the ideal configuration of the magnifier crystals as being 1 x20 magnification crystal for each beam axis, horizontal and vertical. The applicability of genetic algorithms in automatic alignment procedures for complex optical systems and future perspectives of the code developed in this work are discussed. The efficiency of this algorithm for aligning a simulated beamline is clear, achieving 98% agreement with the intensity distribution specified for the ideal beamline, with no misalignments introduced.
Modificação superficial de fosfatos de terras raras com funcionalização de ligantes orgânicos para aumento de eficiência luminescente na região do visível
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Lopes, André Luis; Assis, Marcelo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3449316915846364; Rosa, Ieda Lucia Viana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086262254116449; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3478591607578323
Introduction: Seeking a greater understanding of the interaction of light with matter, in order to develop new materials that present desirable properties and characteristics, this work sought to associate the unique luminescent characteristics of the rare earth Dy3+ and Pr3+ ions with a phosphate host matrix. In order to obtain a DyPO4/PrPO4 heterostructure, so that the resulting emission of the product was a complementation of the individual emissions, 7 different samples were synthesized varying the Dy:Pr ratio (mol/mol) in the host matrix and 7 other samples varying the same proportions, but these functionalized with Hhpa, where it was expected to observe the antenna effect of the organic ligand. Methods: The synthesis method used was through microwave-assisted hydrothermal coprecipitation, followed by functionalization with Hhpa for the samples relevant to the study. The characterizations were in charge of XRD, FT-IR, Raman, SEM and FL analyses. Results: In view of the spectroscopic data that were obtained for the synthesized samples, it is concluded that the chosen synthesis method was efficient in terms of the structural and morphological properties of the product, bringing interesting considerations about the desired and obtained heterostructure. Regarding the luminescent properties, for the samples functionalized with Hhpa, which were expected to observe the antenna effect, the resulting emission intensities increased by a factor of 10^4, corroborating the general objective to be achieved. Finally, the samples functionalized with Hhpa emit in the region of a deep blue and with greater intensities compared to the non-functionalized ones.
Monstros, antipetismo e o enquadramento de Lula nas capas da revista veja (2002-2020)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-19) Machado, Ariane Cristina; Oliveira, Lucy; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4691243814521369; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-8730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8583560682825727
This research aims analyze how the Mainstream Media uses certain marks of meaning, and relates them to different cultural substrates. Thus, it is part of an already traditional debate in the field of Political Communication, which since the 90s has investigated the relationship between Political Journalism and its role in the construction of representations about politics and politicians. In this sense, we seek to answer the following question: how did Veja Magazine frame Lula as a monster on its covers between 2002 and 2020? Based on the notion of framing operationalized by Content Analysis, we seek to relate the dimensions of monstrosity and anti-PTism, based on the greatest PT political leadership today. For this, we built an analysis corpus that contains magazine covers from 2002 to 2020, that is, between the first presidential election and Lula's release from prison, years in which the PT member was in greater media prominence since the beginning of his political career. The results showed different types of monsters built around the figure of the former president, reinforcing the historical liberal-conservative alignment of the Brazilian press.