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Percepção de discriminação racial em crianças brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Domingos, Juliana Almeida Rocha; Souza, Debora de Hollanda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-7787; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4383405380134266; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5326-1982
Combating racial discrimination involves the ability to notice when it occurs. Studies conducted with U.S. children have shown that cognitive, individual and situational factors make some children better at recognizing racial discrimination directed at them or others. Considering the covert manner in which racism operates in Brazil and yet the limited number of studies on the subject in Brazilian psychology, the present study aimed to investigate when and how the perception of racial discrimination in Brazilian children occurs, and whether cognitive aspects (i.e. cultural cognition), contextual variables (i.e. color of the target of discrimination and knowledge about the history of discrimination) and individual variables (i.e., racial belonging) influence this perception. Fifty-three white and black children from 6 to 12 years old participated in this study. Children watched four videos of stories about an adult character who made a choice between a black child and a white child, with the choice always benefiting one over the other. At the end of each story, they had to answer a question about the reasons for the choice made. Participants were divided into three conditions: in Condition 1, they watched videos with stories showing a pattern of racial discrimination in the choices made and which included a situational cue that could justify such attribution; in Condition 2, there was no pattern of racial discrimination in the choices made and there was a situational clue that could justify this; in Condition 3, the stories varied between apparently discriminatory and apparently non-discriminatory choices, and there was no situational cue to aid in the decision. The color of the characters in the stories was not verbalized at any time, and children could only obtain this information by looking at the characters in the video. Participants also performed a racial classification task and provided a racial self-declaration in order to obtain a measure of racial cognition and racial belonging. Results showed participants performed poorly in the perception of racial discrimination task in situations when discrimination was present. An age effect was found only in condition 1 (stories with discrimination) with older children perceiving more discrimination than the younger group. There was no effect of situational variables and group membership on the perception of discrimination in the present sample. We hope this study may contribute to broadening our understanding of the perception of racial discrimination in Brazilian children and provide data that can support future interventions to prevent the occurrence and effects of racial discrimination.
Aplicações da álgebra linear no reconhecimento facial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Silva, Naara Priscila Soares da; Oliveira, Leandro Nery de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3143379419870050
Mathematics has been present for a long time in the daily life of society. Mathematical models are constantly constructed to explain, calculate and predict various types of phenomena. We can observe this from initial concepts, such as the four elementary operations, to advanced abstractions and calculations. Proportion of ingredients in cooking, visual language through media graphics, or calculations performed by computers with immense processing power, are examples of the application of mathematics in everyday life.Although we have the constant presence of mathematics in our lives, many still question about the application of some concepts that are studied. After all, who has never heard the famous question that every student has asked: “where am I going to use this?". In this direction, the present work will deal with concepts of eigenvectors and eigenvalues, seen during the discipline of Linear Algebra and their application in a technological tool, facial recognition.
Impactos da pandemia Covid-19 no serviço de delivery do setor de fast food no público universitário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Reis, Denise Eduarda da Silva; Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
With the first case reported in December 2019 by the World Health Organization, Covid-19 has spread across all continents, causing major impacts. Bringing fears and uncertainties, the population found it impossible to carry out routine activities, consequently starting to use the delivery service more frequently, especially the university public who already consumed this type of service usually. On the other hand, entrepreneurs acted quickly in the face of changing consumer behavior, and started offering delivery service in their establishments. The present work aims to analyze the behavior of demand and its impacts on the delivery system of fast food restaurants during the Covid-19 pandemic, comparing data referring to the years prior to the beginning of the pandemic with the pandemic period, specifically for the public of university students. from the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba Campus. Through a survey, the results obtained with the collected sample pointed out that the pandemic impacted on a 71% increase in demand for fast food delivery service with the arrival of Covid-19 in Brazil.
Competências esperadas de um engenheiro e o projeto pedagógico do curso de Engenharia Mecânica da UFSCar: uma análise comparativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Lima, Filipe Cesar Silva; Antonialli, Armando Ítalo Sette; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4367459395417045
It is expected of all the people that graduates on a university that they obtain competences, knowledge and skills throughout their course to be able to work in their area of expertise. The curricular guidelines of Engineering are the ones that guide the courses on the construction of the expected profile in their Pedagogical Projects and curricula. Thus, in the present work, a bibliographic research was carried out in order to build a database for analysis. This database was composed of 10 articles that had as results and conclusions what are the most important skills for an engineer to have from the point of view of professionals in the area, teachers, students and graduates of Engineering courses. After that, a comparative analysis was made with the Pedagogical Project of the Mechanical Engineering course at UFSCar in order to understand if what the publications indicate as the main competences, are contemplated in the objectives and curriculum of the UFSCar course. Finally, it is concluded that the Pedagogical Project includes 93% of the competences, knowledge and skills listed, but it was not possible to analyze the practical application of the Pedagogical Project. It was noticed that there are also few studies in this area focused on Mechanical Engineering itself, which made it more difficult to compare the results.
Aplicação de TTF em amostras do Terreno Greenstone/TTG de Almas, Tocantins, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Pereira, Vinicius de Queirós; Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070166380084691; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8855947965166625
The details of the tectonic evolution of the Greenstone/TTG terrains of Almas-TO are still unknown. Until then, there was no thermochronology study (via Fission Track Thermochronology - FTT) on zircon and apatite. Thus, using thermo and geochronological techniques, this work sought to unravel the tectonic processes that occurred after the stabilization of the Almas greenstone, as well as better define its evolution during geological time. This study is of great scientific interest, as it is the most extensive granite-greenstone terrain in the entire Brasilia Belt and economic due to the extensive presence of gold, mainly in the greenstones and diamonds in the sedimentary sequences of the Natividade Group that cover them. Through FTT in zircon it was possible to define the geological processes that occurred at intermediate-low temperature, and, finally: using FTT applied in apatite, we sought to identify the events of denudation, erosion, uplift and subsidence that occurred during the Phanerozoic, especially with reference to to the movements of the Trans-Brazilian Lineament. The results identify the geological events and show the complexity of the evolution of the area: Brasiliana and Gondwanides Orogeny, the breakup of the African and South American plates, and deposition of the Sanfraciscana and Bauru Basins. There are still indications of events in the Andean orogeny.
Cuidado a(o) filha(o) em tempos de Covid19: experiência de mães profissionais de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Silva, Natasha Carolina Corrêa da; Wernet, Monika; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1424912449967185
Introduction: In the year 2020 the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state due to the Coronavirus. The need to contain the transmissibility affected the daily life of individuals and the routine of institutions, especially health institutions. Health professionals are mostly women, whose reality, especially when mothers, is a double work day. The pandemic has added elements of increased biological risks and emotional suffering, as well as fatigue and exhaustion due to the demands of the emergency situation. Thus, this study questioned itself about 'how women, working health professionals and mothers, established the care for their children throughout the times of COVID-19? Objective: to know the structure of the care of children of mothers/health professionals, active in the front line of the pandemic. Method: research of qualitative approach, developed with 12 women, mothers and health professionals, through semi-structured interviews, audio recorded that later underwent analytical processes of Symbolic Interactionism and Content Analysis. Results: The woman, in her condition as mother and health professional, structured the care for the child under two concerns: protecting the child from contamination by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and protecting her development. The results are organized into two thematic categories: 'Work context and transmission of the coronavirus' and 'Social Support Network, Development and Care'. Conclusion: The pandemic COVID-19, corroborated the dynamics of gender inequality and confirmed that these cannot be ignored, also highlighting the indispensability of building effective public policies that serve as support for women, mothers and health workers to care for their children.
As experiências de profissionais no acolhimento a crianças e adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual: uma contribuição da psicanálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Ferreira, Isabella de Paula; Câmara, Leonardo Cardoso Portela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0876503068661138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9126893622515010
The present study has asits theme the experience of professionals who work directly with children and adolescents victims of sexual violence. The main objective is to understand the experiences of social care and psychology professionals in this context, analyzing how the direct work with these patients affects the different areas of their lives. For this, it was proposed to use semi-structured interviews during three meetings. The results were obtained through Bardin's content analysis, based on theoretical contributions from psychoanalysis and contemporary studies on trauma, which produced three categories: countertransference, vicarious traumatization and self-care. It was possible to verify that the professionals are directly impacted by the performance. In the professional activity, the impacts were mainly associated with: the relationship with those responsible for the victims; with the negative feelings that arise during the consultations; with the difficulties present in the legal sphere. With regard to personal life, impacts were found at the interface between professional life and motherhood, which led to changes in the world view. Finally, the importance of support and support from a cohesive and multidisciplinary team to deal with the affections raised by the care of this population was identified. Although the findings cannot be generalized, they are in line with the literature and allow future studies to delve into the creation of training and support projects for different professions that are related to the flow of care for children and adolescents who are victims of sexual violence.
Adaptação cultural: comparando as percepções da relação coparental em pais de casais brasileiros e de nacionalidade mista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Sueros Torres, Melissa Giannina; Barham, Elizabeth Joan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0078078235019648
Currently, at the international level, there are millions of people leaving their home country in search of a better life. Constant geopolitical changes create demands to deal with cultural differences that are managed through a process of sociocultural adaptation that can lead to outcomes such as cultural integration, assimilation, separation, or marginalization. A context that has been overlooked for studying the negotiation of cultural differences is the coparenting relationship, which is important because it involves frequent interactions between people who need to collaborate to raise their child. Building and maintaining the coparenting relationship always requires skills to deal with differences, but this demand can be even greater in relationships between people who grew up in two different countries. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine how parents manage their cultural differences in the context of the coparenting relationship, comparing parents in couples with two Brazilian partners and in couples that have one Brazilian partner and one partner of a different nationality. The 15 participants included 6 Brazilian mothers, 3 mothers who were of other nationalities, 3 Brazilian fathers and 3 fathers who were of other nationalities, all with at least one child between 0 and 9 years of age. An interview protocol with semi-structured questions was used to examine: (a) differences of opinion between the coparenting partners in nine dimensions of parenthood and (b) their perceptions regarding the influence of practices in their families of origin. The participants’ responses regarding their differences of opinion were categorized using qualitative methods of content analysis. All the participants reported differences of opinion with their coparenting partner about how to raise their children, but for the Brazilian couples, most of the difficulties were related to division of labor. For the mixed nationality couples, in addition to problems related to the division of labor, they were also negotiating cultural issues such as norms regarding childcare practices, expectations about the schooling of their children, and ways of expressing affection. However, in general, participants had worked out differences with their coparenting partner, resulting in alignment and support within the couple. In addition, there were some practices that the couples established that were different from the cultural norms in their families of origin. Considering the outcomes of the cultural adaptation process described in the theoretical literature, the couples were interacting in ways that lead to a process of cultural integration, with some examples of cultural assimilation and separation. However, none of the participants were members of divorced couples. Therefore, in future research, it will be important to follow couples longitudinally to identify individual and interpersonal repertoires that contribute to the quality of communication about culturally sensitive issues and the ability of each parent to collaborate with their coparenting partner. A better understanding of skills that contribute to working out cultural differences can help people expand their sociocultural repertoire, rather than being overwhelmed with feelings of insecurity, frustration, and dissatisfaction when they must deal with these differences.
Atendimento escolar hospitalar no contexto da pandemia COVID-19: enfrentamentos vividos na prática pedagógica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Sampaio, Jin Kyong Karina; Santos, Maria Walburga dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4031565598979070
The present research, of a qualitative nature, sought to dialogue with teachers of hospital classes and authors of hospital pedagogy field, previously carrying out a search for information through the literature and the exploratory study from a survey, all remotely, due to the research being carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The ultimate goal was to research briefly about Hospital Pedagogy, its definition, fundamentals laws and its importance to society. I related my study of this area of pedagogy with the current situation in Brazil, and in the world, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, observing, commenting and analyzing how hospital school attendance are working during the pandemic, their pedagogical practice. With this research, I will contribute to the study of hospital pedagogy field, which is still relatively scarce, and also to research on COVID-19, which is a very current and extremely important topic. I tried to understand what were the difficulties, the challenges faced by the pedagogues of the hospital school attendance and how they did to solve or to overcome these problems. In the first chapter I bring the introduction of the research, in the second and third chapters there is the theoretical foundation of the research. In chapter II, being divided into three topics, I bring a brief hospital pedagogy history in Brazil and in the world, the role of professionals in hospital school attendance, and pedagogical practice and its environment. In chapter III I discuss the COVID19 pandemic, a bit about the general educational system in this context and about hospital school attendance. The approach and procedures of this research are found in chapter IV. In chapter V, an analysis of the teachers' answers to the survey is presented, followed by a reflection and dialogue, based on the authors used in the theoretical foundation, everything being divided into six topics and two subtopics. It was possible to conclude (chapter VI) that in Brazil, teaching practice differed a lot between 2020 and 2021, each institution approached a different way of continuing with teaching practice in hospitals, trying to maintain a teachinglearning process that could reached the students.
Terapia fágica e entrega de sistemas CRISPR-Cas9 Tipo II programáveis como alternativa ao uso de antibióticos no combate a Staphylococcus aureus: revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Facanali, Vinícius Borroni; Pranchevicius, Maria Cristina da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4772148921558977; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1473557543412313
Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal bacterium of both the skin and the human mucosa, but also a frequent cause of serious infections with high morbidity, mortality and associated health costs. S. aureus strains have the ability to quickly adapt to antibiotic selection pressure, resulting in the development of resistant strains. The present study is a systematic descriptive review, without meta-analysis, which aimed to address the issue of bacteriophage therapy as a potential tool for alternative treatment to the use of antibiotics, and to combat the accelerated emergence of bacterial strains resistant to these antibiotics. Despite its great potential as an antimicrobial agent, the use of bacteriophages for the treatment of bacterial infections is still ineffective, especially in an in vivo setting, due to a number of factors such as restricted range of hosts, difficulty in reaching high concentrations and transport to the action site. Advances in synthetic biology techniques have allowed the transposition of some of these barriers, especially when using genome editing techniques, such as the CRISPR-Cas system. This work sought to analyze literature articles that used engineered bacteriophages that could carry coding sequences of a programmable CRISPR-Cas9 type II system, and be able to act as an antimicrobial agent against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Metodologia para análise térmica de um freio de Fórmula SAE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Salomão, Gabriel Duvra; Malavolta, Alexandre Tácito; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8477313173581967; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6418815696823140
The brake design for a Formula SAE high-performance prototype involves the mechanical-structural and thermal development of the system components, especially the brake disc, to ensure superior performance, reliability and safety for the vehicle and the driver. Usually, teams from student competitions such as Formula SAE and Mini-Baja have wide access to the theory and different methodologies of mechanical design of the brakes. However, the information and theoretical tools for the study and thermal analysis of the braking system are, in addition to being more complex, more difficult to access, leading this design facet not conducted. Thus, the present study aimed to present a methodology that can be replicated in student prototype brake projects, to provide student designers with information for the thermal analysis of the vehicle brake, with success and failure criteria for the analyzed project. To this end, a theoretical literature review was conducted to assist in the thermal modeling and in the elaboration of the proposed project methodology. The OptimumLap software was used to simulate the prototype laps in a circuit, and the MATLAB and NX-Nastran were applicated in dynamic simulations that comprise the thermal analysis of the project. At the end of the paper, it was possible to define the design criteria, demonstrate the use of OptimumLap as a tool to obtain input data, and use the modeling of the MATLAB and NX-Nastran to generate the transient output data that allow the analysis and validation of the project. It was concluded, therefore, that the proposed methodology is sufficient to carry out a complete thermal analysis of the brakes of a Formula SAE.
Medindo a capacidade de atendimento de um Hospital Modular para COVID-19: uma abordagem via Simulação de Eventos Discretos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Tavore, Yasmin Costa; Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5065
With the increase in demand for health services caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries have observed the collapse of their health systems, due to lack of resources to care for those infected. Many countries have resorted to the creation of temporary hospitals to receive patients, with the aim of treating more serious conditions caused by the virus. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has published a guide for the configuration of these modular hospitals to assist in the construction of these structures. The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of care in a proposed modular hospital, through the dynamic simulation of this system, to show the maximum capacity of the system and its adherence to variations in monthly demand. For this, the modular hospital was computationally modeled via discrete event simulation. The analyzed scenarios had the patient arrival rate varied in order toincrease the number of patients by about 10% in each scenario. Indicators such as length of stay of patients in the system, waiting time and occupancy of beds were compared to analyze the performance of the modular hospital, in this way it would be possible to compare the level of service offered in each scenario and assess which one has greater compliance and thus define the maximum capacity of the structure.
Síntese de eletrocatalisadores para células a combustível visando geração de energia limpa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Maranghetti Filho, Antonio Carlos; Assumpção, Mônica Helena Marcon Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9776456473972228; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9601937365367164
Population growth causes an increase in energy demand. Gradually more the world's energy matrices have adopted clean sources of energy, an example is the electrical energy produced from fuel cells. This study brings a brief discussion about how these electrochemical devices operate and aimed the study of the synthesis and application of palladium-based catalysts that favor anodic reactions in fuel cells which convert chemical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, palladium and rhodium-based nanoparticles were developed in different atomic proportions, by the sodium borohydride reduction method. The metal mass composition of these materials was set at 20%, with Vulcan XC72 carbon used as a support. For the characterization of the prepared materials, physical and chemical tests were carried out, such as: X-ray diffraction (XRD), chronoamperometry (CA), cyclic voltammetry (CV), in addition to fuel cell tests. Although the electrochemical tests (CA and CV) indicated better results for the PdRh materials (50:50), the PdRh/C in the 90:10 atomic ratio showed better values of maximum power density (MPD), 20.6 mW cm–2, which indicates good synergy between the materials due to the oxophilic character of Rh and the ability to desorb Had species that accumulate in the catalyst and decrease the fuel oxidation efficiency.
Adaptações na estrutura em Y no manejo da Uva Niágara Rosada voltadas para um melhor custo-benefício
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Oliveira, Gabriel Fortes de; Schinor, Evandro Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2162760988837984
Y-Grape production is a well-known driving system used in most table grape producing regions in the country. With great advantages, such as better structure of bunches and more adequate posture of the farmer during all production processes, compared to the conventional system in backrest, its popularization was very fast and well accepted by most producers. However, some winegrowers did not adhere to this new way of driving because it presented a high cost of implantation, thus hindering its implementation in the field. In the present work carried out at sítio Santa Bárbara located in the municipality of Jundiaí, in the state of São Paulo, adaptations were made in the dimensions of the "Y" structure and use of the moors of the old backrest, as well as its wire, reducing the cost of implementing this new structure for the management of reusable materials of the Niagara grape. By modifying the dimensions and reusing the materials of the old backrest of the property for the manufacture of the modified Y-structure, it was possible to reduce costs by almost 60% in the implanted area, without changing the quality of production and the other benefits that conventional Y offers. Thus it was possible to save a large amount that would be spent on structure and that can now be allocated for other investments.
O Ensino de Microbiologia nas escolas como forma de prevenção de doenças infecciosas: uma análise crítica do currículo paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Paula, Fernanda; Duarte, Iolanda Cristina Silveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2626035341263254; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9691714903069307
Microbiology is the science devoted to the study of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses, and their biological activities. As development of microbiology it was discovered that microorganisms are related to the cause of infectious diseases and, as a form of prevention, there was a need to improve basic sanitation and hygiene conditions. Still Today, infectious diseases are a public health problem in Brazil and It is extremely important to reinforce prevention measures, based on policies public. Thus, schools play a key role in promoting hygiene education and other disease prevention measures. the teaching of microbiology is already present in basic education in the disciplines of Science and biology, and can be further explored with the specific objective of preventing infectious diseases. However, so that the teaching of microbiology does not become abstract for the students, it is necessary that the teaching-learning process be significant. Thus, this work aimed to carry out an analysis critique of microbiology skills, with an emphasis on teaching diseases infectious diseases, present in the Paulista Curriculum and in the support materials, “Curriculum in Action”, made available by the State of São Paulo to students and teachers of the public network. In addition, a bibliographic survey of alternative methodologies for teaching microbiology in basic education, with the objective of proposing didactic activities to facilitate and improve the quality of the teaching-learning process, making the teaching of microbiology a effective way to promote the prevention and knowledge of infectious diseases.
Educação financeira no ensino médio: uma proposta de trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-09-26) Cardoso, Letícia Gonçalves; Oliveira, Leandro Nery de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3143379419870050
The objective of this work is to develop activities on financial education for high school students in order to contribute to the teaching of the subject in schools, given its mandatory nature. For this, two activities were developed, the first on budget and family planning, aims to teach students the importance of financial planning, through the analysis of the family’s cost of living. The second activity is about goal achievement, and its purpose is to teach students how to set goals and the strategies for achieving them.