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Etnomatemática e metodologias ativas: uma busca por tornar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem da matemática ainda mais significativo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-11-10) Uno, Júlia Mayumi; Pompeu Junior, Geraldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7146270419829114
Educational trends must adapt to the demands of society. In a world that increasingly requires creativity and problem-solving skills, it is necessary to train active and critical citizens. For this, one of the possible alternatives is to use Active Methodologies in the elaboration of lesson plans, in order to place the student as the protagonist of the teaching-learning process. This Course Conclusion Paper (CCP) investigates the concepts of Active Methodologies, Ethnomathematics and Interdisciplinarity, as well as the difference between "Exercise" and "Problem" in the mathematical context. Examples of active methodologies and suggestions for strategies to apply them in the classroom will be presented. The central objective of this CCP aims to bring greater meaning to the study of the concepts of regular polygons and their relationship with other areas of knowledge, in particular with Biological Sciences. To this end, it presents a mathematics lesson plan, focused on the Final Years of Elementary School, based on Ethnomathematics and one of the strategies of active methodology, Project-Based Learning or Problems. Among the results obtained, it is noteworthy that Active Methodologies, in addition to bringing results similar to those of a traditional class, also allow the development of self-confidence, self-esteem and student autonomy. More than that, the results showed that, by stimulating students' critical thinking in relation to the world they live in, the educator shows students that everyone has a role in society and that, with knowledge, a prepared and strong teaching team, the school community can mobilize large masses and make a difference.
O jogo de xadrez como instrumento de auxílio para o desenvolvimento de competências aos alunos do ensino médio.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-11-10) Nishimota, Leandro Yoshio; Pompeu Junior, Geraldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7146270419829114
Chess is a game that stimulates the logical reasoning, spatial vision and critical thinking of practitioners. Several academic studies have already found the affinity between the practice of sport and the development of several skills. This paper deals with the use of the game of chess in the classroom as a tool to aid the competencies that mathematics seeks to develop in secondary school students according to the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC) for high school. For this purpose, research related to teaching was used through the playful to associate math exercises with chess exercises in order to find familiarity between the skills worked and the skills developed, thus producing a bibliographic/qualitative research. The work sought to show the existence of a positive correlation between the competencies established in the BNCC during practice and during the problems involved in the game.
Variação espacial e temporal do potamoplâncton ao longo do Rio Parnaíba (Piauí, Brasil): ferramentas ecológicas para o diagnóstico e monitoramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-11-10) Keppe, Isabela de Lima; Pralon, Bruno Gabriel Nunes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9342704628757181; Neves, Gilmar Perbiche; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7499230397814853; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1289458174800544
Here we test whether the Serial Discontinuity Concept actually predicts the damming effect as a gradient break in the Continuous River Concept. Microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Copepoda) were collected at six sampling points along 815 km of the main channel in a large tropical river (Rio Parnaíba, Northeast Brazil) for 2 years. The composition, diversity, abundance and dissimilarity were studied, as well as the effects of environmental variables. The hypotheses tested were: i) the presence of a single reservoir disrupts the structure of microcrustaceans, with greater richness at points downstream of the reservoir due to the mixture of lentic and lotic organisms, as well as at points in the downstream stretch of the river, as expected in the Serial Discontinuity Concept, increasing zooplankton diversity and abundance; ii) there is loss of species in areas close to the municipalities as a result of the impact of effluents (lower values of beta diversity and nesting effect). A total of 48 taxa (Cladocera = 37 species, Copepoda = 11 species) and 18 new records were found for the river, reflecting the positive effects on a wide spatial and temporal effort. Both hypotheses were accepted, with the effect of a reservoir causing a break in the continuous longitudinal gradient and the dissimilarity increasing at sampling points close to municipalities. The environmental variables showed low variation between the sampled points, with the temporal variation in the Parnaíba river being more evident. The presence of a single reservoir influences the increase in zooplankton diversity and abundance, as there is an increase in taxa in the downstream lotic environment, in addition to the influence on the flow.