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A contribuição do letramento visual em vídeos didáticos para o aprendizado de alunos surdos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Sordi, Aline
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Santos, Lara Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5311067435485947
This research has the general objective of investigating, in educational didactic videos for the deaf, whether visual literacy is present and how it can contribute to the educational development of the deaf student, as well as presenting fundamental aspects that such materials should contain. The specific objectives were: a) to present the literacy strategies used by the teacher; b) point out in the videos aspects that should be taken into account when creating didactic videos for the deaf. This study had the contributions from authors such as (TAVEIRA, 2016; LEBEDEFF, 2010) who listed necessary aspects that didactic videos for the deaf should contain. Therefore, our object of study was the Sala 8 channel, on the YouTube platform, a channel created by a bilingual teacher and nominated for the Global Teacher Prize, “Nobel Prize” in Education, in 2020. Then, a selection of videos was made, categorizing them by disciplines, and presenting aspects listed as primordial in visual literacy. In total, eight videos were selected, presented as follows: Two of Mathematics, two of Portuguese, two of Science and two of Geography, with the purpose of identifying the strategies used and analyzing how they are marked by visual literacy. The analyzes were developed based on the concepts presented in the theoretical chapters. As a result, the quality and problematization of relevant aspects present in the videos stand out, emphasizing the need not only for linguistic, technological and visual knowledge in the production of videos for the deaf, but also for the context and for prior knowledge of deaf students. It is hoped, from this study, to contribute to the production of new didactic videos that train deaf students and that actually promote visual literacy. The analyzes were developed based on the concepts presented in the theoretical chapters. As a result, the quality and problematization of relevant aspects present in the videos stand out, emphasizing the need not only for linguistic, technological and visual knowledge in the production of videos for the deaf, but also for the context and for prior knowledge of deaf students. It is expected, from this study, to contribute to the production of new didactic videos suitable for deaf students and that in fact promote visual literacy.
Entendendo o veganismo no contexto de transições para a sustentabilidade: uma investigação de atores e práticas organizacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Vieira, Larissa Rochel
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3737558570249049
The veganism defends the end of animal exploitation in the various society sectors in which it is present, such as food, entertainment, in clothing, ingredients and testes for cosmetics and hygiene products, among others. It seeks to find more friendly alternatives for animals, people, and the environment. Because of this variety of uses, veganism presents several actions fronts that are usually treated in an individual way in studies and actions. Besides that, this multiplicity does not allow an automatic association between veganism and sustainability. Thus, this research aimed to obtain an overview of the studies and actions in the field of veganism and its association with sustainability, in order to understand which views guide this movement, the actors involved and how they act. For this, the concepts related to sustainability transitions were used to approach the theme. At first, a systematic literature review of veganism and sustainability was carried out to consolidate this study field and verify the main topics discussed and research gaps. From this review, it was possible to identify the themes that need more studies. From there, it was decided to continue the research with organizations that defends the veganism in Brazil. From both studies, it was possible to realize that there is an association between veganism and sustainability, especially when veganism is treated together with other movements like the ones for environmental and societal justice. The very end of animal exploitation is also considered a factor that improves several aspects in the environment and societal fields. In addition, several groups active in the movement were identified, such as NGOs that seek to expand the movement; government that are pressured for legislations in favor of animals; celebrity and influencers who use their reach to spread the cause; companies that are pressured to some extent and partly take advantage of it to create a niche market for plant products; the academic field, which drives the movement with studies related to it; and society, which other actors try to change perceptions about animals to change the way they are treated, and who also play an active role in including aspects of veganism, such as food, in their daily lives and thereby strengthening their demands.
Associação entre duração do sono e características sociodemográficas, de saúde e emocionais em pessoas idosas da comunidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Alves, Élen dos Santos
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Inouye, Keika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7558935747100052
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
Sleep has been widely discussed in studies with the older population. Scientific evidence indicates that disorders related to poor sleep, poor sleep quality and sleep duration lead to several negative outcomes for the health of older people. Considered as a normal and necessary physiological condition for maintaining life, studies indicate that variables such as anxiety, stress, depression and cognition may be associated with sleep disorders in aging. The general objective of this thesis is to verify association between sleep duration and sociodemographic, health and emotional characteristics in older people in the community. Three studies were developed that make up the thesis. The first consists of a systematic review with the objective of identifying in the literature the existence of primary studies that evaluated the relationship and/or association between sleep and emotional factors in the older population. Searches were carried out in Pubmed, VHL, PsycINFO and Scopus, from 2010 to 2020, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. From a total of 1,354 articles identified, 32 studies were included for analysis. The data showed the association of emotional factors with the sleep of older people. Depressive symptoms, stress and anxiety were the most prevalent emotional factors and were associated with poor sleep quality, longer sleep latency, lower efficiency and duration, causing damage and triggering sleep disorders. The second study, with a cross-sectional method, aimed tocheck for differencesin depressive symptoms and perceived stress in old women, grouped according to sleep duration (short sleep, normal sleep and long sleep). Data from a database (2018) of a cross-sectional study carried out with 116 elderly women living in areas covered by Family Health Units were analyzed, using the following instruments: sociodemographic characterization questionnaire; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; Geriatric Depression Scale – 15 items and Perceived Stress Scale. Analyzes were performed using the Pearson, Kruskall-Wallis and Mann-Whitney Chi-Square Tests. Old women with long sleep had a higher score in the evaluation of depressive symptoms compared to old women with short sleep and normal sleep. Perceived stress was significantly higher in the short sleep and long sleep groups. The third study, with a cross-sectional methodology, investigated direct and indirect associations between sleep duration and sociodemographic factors (gender, age, education and income), health (performance in basic and instrumental activities of daily living, use of medication, coffee intake, cognitive performance) and emotional aspects (symptoms of depression and stress) in community-dwelling older people, through the analysis of structural equations of Path Analysis. The independent variables male gender (-0.196); lower coffee consumption (-0.193) and worse cognitive performance (-0.187) were directly associated with longer sleep duration. Emotional aspects were mediated by functionality and cognition. It is concluded that several variables can directly or indirectly influence sleep duration. Indirect paths should be considered to enhance interventions in different areas of care for the older people. This thesis presents significantly relevant results. It adds that conditions often reported with aging may be related to causing negative outcomes for the health of the older people. The findings can contribute to fostering care strategies in the context of aging.
Características clínicas e desfechos de saúde em pacientes internados por COVID-19 – estudo observacional retrospectivo com foco na mobilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Nascimento, Mikaelly Aparecida Araujo
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Schafauser, Nathany Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5075933151971198
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Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
Introduction: Previous studies on patients hospitalized for COVID-19 have shown that they have impaired mobility, however, so far, little data has been released regarding the characteristics of physical mobility of these patients who were hospitalized either in wards or ICUs, as well as on the possible relationship with clinical outcomes. Objective: to investigate clinical characteristics and health outcomes in patients according to their mobility on admission and discharge from hospital due to COVID-19. Methods: Retrospective observational study with the characteristics involving patients admitted to a hospital affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The patients were analyzed in terms of mobility and the classification was made according to the protocol by Morris et al 2008 (figure 1) following the evolution of health professionals through the electronic medical record at the time of admission and discharge. Health outcomes were considered: length of hospital stay in the ICU or ward (in number of days), need for mechanical ventilation (in days), need for prone position, if there was extubation failure (considering a time ≤48hrs after extubation) , need for tracheostomy, occurrence of cardiovascular events, septic shock, renal failure, cardiorespiratory arrest and in-hospital death. Results: A total of 30 patients were evaluated, 50% were women. The main comorbidity was SAH, and the main symptoms were cough and dyspnea. As clinical outcomes, 26 patients were using oxygen therapy, 4 required invasive mechanical ventilation and one died. In the correlation between clinical outcomes and mobility, we found a negative correlation between the need for ICU admission and greater mobility on admission (r: -0.36; p=0.04). Conclusion: We concluded that patients hospitalized due to complications from COVID19 had less mobility on admission compared to hospital discharge.
Efeitos da combinação de agrotóxicos glifosato e imidacloprido no desenvolvimento, sistema imunológico e digestório de abelhas Scaptotrigona postica (Latreille, 1807)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Grando, Graziele Campana
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Nocelli, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8934724759636382
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3421449309957651
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6329-3590
Studies have shown that the decrease in the bee population is associated with multiple factors, with exposure to pesticides being the main factor in Brazil. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the possible effects of residual concentrations of the herbicide glyphosate and the insecticide imidacloprid found, in an isolated and combined form, on the development, the immune system and the digestive system of stingless bees Scaptotrigona postica. For this, in vivo, bioassays were conducted to develop a method to evaluate the toxicity of pesticides in stingless bees. First, we introduced, inside the colony, different materials (wax + parafilm and cerumen) to seal the uncapped brood cells and observed the acceptance of these materials by the bees. In the second and third bioassays, we tested the application of larval food with different types of needles in the brood cells (without uncapping) both in the colony and in the brood disc placed in the incubator. Due to the highly efficient hygienic behavior and the high proliferation of fungi in the brood discs in the incubator, we obtained an emergence index equal to zero, and it was not possible to establish an adequate method for carrying out the in vivo toxicity tests. The development of this method requires deeper studies on the existing micro-ecosystem in the colony and the biology of S. postica. In the second part of the work, we performed in vitro bioassays. S. postica larvae were fed with larval food containing pesticides at the following concentrations: D1 – control (larval food without the addition of active ingredients), D2 – 0.2 ng/µL of glyphosate, D3 – 0.2 ng/µL of imidacloprid and D4 – 0.2 ng/µL of glyphosate + 0.2 ng/µL of imidacloprid and its development was observed until emergence. Biological parameters were evaluated, such as mortality rate, pupation, defecation, and bee emergence. We also evaluated morphometric parameters of head width and intertegular span distance, the immune system's number of cells, and the midgut's histoarchitecture. The data obtained were submitted for statistical analysis using the RStudio software. The results showed that imidacloprid significantly affected the survival rates of the larvae, while the other groups did not change. The morphometry of the intertegular span distance and width of the head was affected by glyphosate, the mixture only showed changes in the measurement of the head and imidacloprid did not show any of the two parameters. There was no change in the number of hemocytes for the larvae exposed to the experimental groups. As for newly emerged bees, exposure to imidacloprid and mixture significantly affected hemocyte density. The results of the midgut's morphological alterations showed organ damage in the experimental groups (D2, D3, and D4). Loss of cytoplasmic material, loss of brush border, and elimination of cells into the lumen were observed. Thus, we conclude that glyphosate can affect the size of individuals and the functioning of the intestine. Imidacloprid can compromise the survival of bees, the immune system of bees, and the digestive system. And finally, the mixture of pesticides did not cause the sum of the effects of the active ingredients but had sublethal effects on the individual's size, the immune system, and the digestive system. The data obtained indicate the need for attention to the risk assessment process of pesticides for bees, including native ones. It also contributes to knowledge about our species of stingless bees.
FACLibras: Uma proposta de ferramenta para avaliação da compreensão da língua brasileira de sinais- LIBRAS por jovens surdos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Freitas, Joice Raquel Lemes de
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0631856032178262
The bilingual education model for the deaf defends, among other aspects, the appropriation of the Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) as a first language and that teaching this language is important, especially in dialogic processes, since the more present the language is in the relationships social, the more effective acquisition and learning will be. Thus, we understand the importance of Libras for the school education of deaf people and we know that this refers to several issues. In this study, we intend to investigate a resource for assessing the understanding of Libras, so this research presents the evaluative tool "FACLibras" composed by the children's story "The turtle and the eagle", narrated in Libras, along with a cast of fifteen questions referring to to her. The tool was based on a Spanish survey and the purpose of this procedure is to verify, from the participants' responses, their level of understanding regarding aspects related to Libras. Thus, after a pilot application, it was possible to perceive a great potential of the tool and, on the other hand, that to fully achieve its objectives, FACLibras needed some adjustments. Therefore, the objective of this study was to proceed with the investigation of FACLibras, seeking to improve the presentation of the narrative and the wording of the questions, as well as the multiple-choice alternatives. The specific objectives of the study are: a) to review the videos that comprise the narrative, as well as the questions and alternatives related to it; b) reorganize the tool in a new version, according to the necessary adjustments; c) apply the new version of the tool. The methodological procedures range from organizing a team of specialists to observe and take notes about the material to make the necessary adjustments, to the process of applying the tool to the participants. It was expected that, after adjusting and applying the tool, the results would reveal a sensitivity of the construct and in its final version the tool proved to be sensitive to the variation in age and grade of the participants, indicating its suitability to be used by teachers in the future.
Um cenário de educação linguística crítica, integral e humanizadora na infância com texturas da Pedagogia Waldorf
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Lorenzoni, Carla Raqueli Navas
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Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6419236788463737
This research is related to the experiences (DEWEY, 1979) of additional language teachers in the initial years of schools that follow the Waldorf Pedagogy (STEINER, 1995, 2003, 2015 among others), which is based on a broad and complete view of the human being and his development; from this point of view, children and young people are considered in their individual aspects and in the particularities of the age group to which they belong. The theoretical contribution of this thesis is anchored in the definitions of critical linguistic education (MONTE MÓR, et al., 2018; SABOTA, 2021; FERRAZ, 2015, 2018, 2019), integral education, humanizing education (MORIN, 2017; MOLL, 2019; GUERRA, 2019; GUARÁ, 2006) and transdisciplinar education (LEFFA, 2006; MORIN, 2017) and Waldorf Pedagogy (STEINER, 1995, 2003, 2015; KÜGELGEN, 1984; KIERSCH, 2015; SELG, 2020). The general objective of the research is to report and critically interpret the proposal for language education in Waldorf Pedagogy based on experiences shared by additional language teachers working in schools that follow this pedagogy. The specific objectives are: 1. to investigate and evaluate possible developments of aspects of critical linguistic education and the panorama of additional languages in Waldorf Pedagogy that complement each other and 2. to identify aspects conducive to the critical, integral and humanizing formation of the student in additional language classes from the experiences shared by the teachers/participants. The research methodology that guides the study is the Narrative Research (CLANDININ and CONNELLY, 2011; MELLO, 2004), which directed being in the field, the composition of meanings from field texts and also the emergence of research texts. There were two teachers/participants who shared their experiences of working in the classroom. From these experiences, themes such as transdisciplinarity, ludicity, learning assessment, the integral formation of the student and the humanization of education emerged. With the discussions made from the research texts, it is noted that there is, in additional language classes of Waldorf Pedagogy, the experience of critical linguistic education: the performance of the teachers/participants denotes a work based on the construction of meanings, on the contextualization, respect for the affective character of being, lovingness, dialogue with students. Such action excels in student’s critical, comprehensive and humanizing education.
Percepção de Terapeutas Ocupacionais sobre suas experiências em telerreabilitação com crianças no Brasil durante a pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Moraes, Murilo Mageste de
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Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1371315095038350
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0532382050051039
Objective: To describe the perception of Occupational Therapists about their experiences in telerehabilitation (TR) with children who have sensorimotor dysfunctions in Brazil during the pandemic. Methodology: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative study. The participants are professionals graduated in Occupational Therapy who work in Brazil and who use the TR resource to offer care to children with sensorimotor dysfunction. Based on a mapping of institutions, an online questionnaire with open and closed questions was implemented. Afterwards, a dialogue began, through interviews conducted online using virtual platforms, with three participants selected by convenience sampling to deepen the information about how the TR occurred. Results: Occupational therapists developed TR actions to assist children with sensorimotor dysfunction during the pandemic caused by COVID-19. All participants expressed difficulties in developing and implementing technologies for interacting with families and children remotely, but the process gradually evolved with adaptation on both sides. In general, there is a positive assessment by therapists regarding the therapeutic experience, virtual, mediated by technology: benefits for families, children and the therapist himself/herself through the learning promoted in the use of equipment and applications. As resources used during sessions in Occupational Therapy through TR are: online games, recreational activities, stories, make-believe games, videos, movies and other resources from the child’s own home. The results indicate factors that made TR difficult: lack of access to the internet by families, unstable web connection, lack of physical contact with the child, preventing handling, especially with children with more severe physical dysfunction, and impediment to the use of specific techniques for handling. As favorable indicators related to TR are: greater proximity of the therapist to the family; development of a more active interaction between therapist-parents; greater participation of parents in the therapeutic process and acknowledge of the reality of the child’s home/life context. It is important to point out that there are controversies about the benefits or otherwise of considering parents as mediators of the therapeutic process in this modality of TR. Conclusion: It is expected that the results produced in this research can contribute to the improvement of TR practices in occupational therapy aimed at children with sensorimotor disorders, a modality that is still new in Brazil.
Análise computacional de sistema mecânico e fadiga de molas em suspensões de veículos off-road Baja SAE
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Galvão, Lucas Thomé Brilhante
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Shiki, Sidney Bruce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-3630
Off-road vehicles are designed and built by teams of students in academic engineering extension projects to withstand various obstacles and adverse terrains, usually without pavement, which are difficult to navigate with regular passenger vehicles. The project and vehicle are presented and evaluated before judges at regional, national and international competitions, organized by SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers - Society of Autonomous Engineers). To guarantee the driver's safety, in addition to following the competition regulations, it is necessary to evaluate the components considering the loads that will be applied and the environment in which the vehicle will be inserted. In these assessments, a quantitative value is sought to allow setting goals, estimating limits and validating them. From this perspective, fatigue analysis is necessary to estimate the limits considering that the vehicle will be required repeatedly, as in the Enduro endurance test, a race lasting 4 consecutive hours. In this sense, simulations are carried out with representative models of the vehicle, usually built by a discrete dynamic system. Modal analysis provides model resonance frequencies, which can be used to evaluate critical points susceptible to loading. Performing a dynamic system analysis, considering as input the variations of an arbitrary terrain, the modal analysis was obtained, the tensions in the suspension springs were calculated and the fatigue damage caused by the loading on the springs was estimated. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present a way to estimate the vehicle's fatigue limit.
Recuperação de vigas de madeira deteriorada com chapa de aço parafusada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Jardim, Pedro Ignácio Lima Gadêlha
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028687809417062
Wood is a material widely used in construction since ancient times, commonly found in historical buildings all over the planet. As wood is a biodegradable material, the constructions that use it as a structural typology, without the knowledge of the current techniques to safeguard the durability of this element, need more care regarding its protection. As a special case, historical heritage buildings have several restrictions on exchanging their elements to preserve the aesthetics and original meaning of their environments. Thus, the solution for the recovery of these degraded structures must be designed to keep as much of the original material as possible and to increase the number of elements capable of ensuring structural capacity in relation to the normative limits of rupture and service. There are several technologies for recovering and strengthening timber structures. Two usual alternatives are: the use of bolted steel plates and the use of composite materials such as fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) bonded with epoxy adhesive. A gap was observed in the literature regarding the study of strengthening in timber beams with cross-section loss, commonly found in attacks by biotic or abiotic agents. The objective of this study was to analyze the ability to recover the flexural stiffness of steel plate bolted to hardwood beams with different cross-section losses, with a particular interest in the effect caused by different bolt arrangements in the ability to transmit the efforts from the beam to the strengthening, as well as the use of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites (CFRP), considering the perfect adherence and, with that, perfect transmission of the efforts between the strengthening and the beam. It was possible to observe that, despite presenting lower efficiency than the CFRP blanket, the bolted steel plate was able to return the initial stiffness in some models and the bolts specification has relevance in obtaining the results. The use of mechanical fasteners was more efficient in beams of lower strength classes, presenting a less significant difference compared to the CFRP blanket strengthening models. The region where the wood defect also occurs extensively influences the recovery capacity and the choice of adequate strengthening.
A Iinfluência da polinização na produção de pimenta biquinho (Capsicum chinense Jacq., SOLANACEAE) no município de São Carlos, SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Luchesi, Lívia
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Castro, Cibele Cardoso de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5148511359824956
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Lopes, Luciano Elsinor
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6504793265492545
Pollination is essential for agricultural production worldwide, assisting in people's economy and food security. Even in plants capable of self-pollinating, pollination by animals can result in improved production by increasing the weight of fruits, avoiding their malformations, and improving the chemical characteristics of food. This work aims to study the influence of pollination by insects on the production of pepper (Capsicum chinense), linking the increase in production, importance, and efficiency of pollinators with the profit of the farmer who will use this benefit. Basic and still unavailable information is available in the literature on floral biology, reproductive system, pollen limitation, frequency of visits to flowers. The study generated relevant information for the cultivation of the species in Brazil. The first author of this work is an undergraduate student at the Federal University of São Carlos and a small rural producer. The fieldwork was carried out on her family's property, configuring a co-production of knowledge involving the university and the end users of the learning generated. Our results showed that the production of red peck pepper (Capsicum chinense; BRS Moema) significantly increases (about 70%) when natural pollination occurs, generating peppers with greater weight, larger fruits, and more seeds, resulting in increased producer profit.
Os efeitos do exercício físico agudo e crônico sobre marcadores imunes da polarização de células th1 / th2 em adultos e idosos: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Teodoro, Thiago Henrique
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Pereira, Guilherme Borges
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159911069166581
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5415374932456383
Introduction: Acute and chronic physical exercise provokes a deviation of organic homeostasis that leads to the reorganization of the responses of several systems, including the immune system. Th1 and Th2 helper lymphocytes are effector cells that produce distinct sets of cytokines that are responsible for modulating important actions of the immune system. Physical exercise can be an efficient and low-cost strategy to promote the balance between Th1 and Th2 markers. However, we did not find systematic reviews that analyzed the association between physical exercise and polarization markers of Th1 and Th2 cells. Objective: To examine the impact of acute and chronic exercise on Th1 and Th2 cell immune markers in healthy adults and elderly. Methods: We performed a systematic review following PRISMA recommendations. We searched the databases (MEDLINE - PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct) for randomized controlled clinical trials and prospective observational studies that analyzed immune markers of Th1 and Th2 cells, of which 28 publications were included in which groups who underwent the intervention (exercise) were their own controls (pre and post intervention) and the studies that performed the comparison between groups, with a grand total of 700 participants. Studies involving animals or isolated cells, patients with diseases, exposure to medications or drugs, patients with immunodeficiencies or publications that did not meet the inclusion criteria of this review were excluded. The quality of the selected studies was examined using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (ROB2), generating data that were grouped and presented in tables and figures. Results: An acute session of cyclical exercises or strength training in healthy elderly people promoted a significant increase in serum concentrations of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 immediately afterwards, returning to pre-exercise values within 1 hour after an exercise session at moderate to high intensities. In chronically elderly people, strength training or cyclic exercises at moderate to high intensities decreased serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6 and the CD4/CD8 ratio and increased IL-10 after 24 weeks. In healthy adults, a session of cyclic exercise at moderate to high intensities increased serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-12 immediately after the session and decreased IL-6 to baseline (pre-exercise) levels after 1 hour and 30 minutes and IL-12 after 2 hours after the end of the session. Chronically in adults, the studies did not show significant effects on IL-6 and IL-10 and the other markers were not analyzed. Final considerations: The data compiled from the studies included in this review suggest that one session (acute response) in the various exercise modalities performed at moderate to high intensities does not cause damage to the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells, but can stimulate modulation and cell renewal lymphocyte producing biopositive effects in adults and the elderly. Physical training (chronic response) also in several modalities at moderate to high intensities, can promote rebalancing between Th1 and Th2 cells, decreasing the systemic inflammatory state that can be induced by aging, chronic diseases or infections.
Propriedades citotóxicas e mecanismo de ação de novos complexos fosfínicos de rutênio(II) contendo ligantes naftoquinonas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-15)
Costa, Analu Rocha
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Batista, Alzir Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7671795526066456
In this study, two series of ruthenium(II)-phosphine complexes containing naphthoquinone ligands were synthesized, characterized, and investigated regarding the cytotoxic activity. The first series represents the compounds (A1-A8), with the general formula: [Ru(NQ1)(bipy)(PPh3)2]PF6 (A1); [Ru(NQ1)(bipy)(P-P)]PF6 (A2-A7) and [Ru(NQ1)(dppm)2]PF6 (A8), where (NQ1 = 3-styryl-lauosne; P-P = bis-(diphenylphosphine) )methane (dppm), 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane (dppe), 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphine)propane (dppp), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane (dppb), 1,2-bis (diphenylphosphine)ethylene (dppen) and bis[(2-diphenylphosphine)phenyl)ether] (DPEphos). The second series consisted of four compounds (B1-B4) with the general formula [Ru(NQn)(bipy(P-P)]PF6, where (NQn = lawsone or lapachol; P-P = cis-1,2-bis(diphenylphosphine)ethylene (dppen) and bis-[(1-diphenylphosphine)phenyl]ether (DPEphos).The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR, 13C{1H} and 31P{1H}), conductivity molar, cyclic voltammetry, mass spectrometry and X-ray diffraction (single crystal).Compound/DNA interaction studies, using viscosity measurements, gel electrophoresis. The competition assay with Hoechst 33258, demonstrated that the ruthenium complexes of series 1 and 2 interact via the DNA minor groove. Complex/HSA interaction studies have shown that the complexes have the ability to interact with the biomolecule, with binding constants (Kb) of the order of 103 to 105, indicating weak to moderate interactions and affinity for HSA site I. The cytotoxic screening of the complexes was real It was performed on MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, SK-BR-3 and A549 lung tumor cell lines and on non-tumor breast (MCF-10A) and lung (MRC-5) cell lines. All compounds were cytotoxic in the strains tested, exhibiting lower IC50 values than the free ligands and the reference drug cisplatin. The complexes (A1 and A6) from series 1 and (B2 and B4), from series 2, were the most active and selective against MDA-MB-231 breast tumor cells. The in vitro assays with the MDA-MB-231 strain, demonstrated that the compounds A1 and A6 altered the cellular morphology and inhibited the cell migration process from the Wound Healing assay. The cell cycle distribution profile for the A1 complex indicates an accumulation of cells in the Sub-G0 phase and DNA fragmentation that is indicative of cell death by apoptosis. However, there were no significant changes in the other phases of the cell cycle. The results of the apoptosis assay performed by flow cytometry showed that the complexes induce death by apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. In view of this study the twelve ruthenium(II) complexes have great potential as antitumor metallopharmaceuticals.
Interpretação ambiental e sua aplicabilidade nos roteiros ecoturísticos da Floresta Nacional de Carajás – PA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Sousa, Ariana Silva
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Lobo, Heros Augusto Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9405961078398915
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1130222161991318
The creation and planning of protected natural areas contribute to the conservation and protection of natural diversity and reduce deforestation. Thus, the Conservation Units (UCs) can be essential in the search for this conservation, coupled with the population’s involvement, especially in the surrounding area. This involvement has been encouraged through public use due to the potential awareness it can bring to society, besides the support for environmental issues through the conciliation of leisure activities and tourism. However, when talking about ecotourism or sustainable tourism in UCs, it is essential to highlight that the dimensions of sustainability (economic, sociocultural, environmental, and politico institutional) will be influenced by tourism activities due to the impacts that the activity provides, whether direct or indirect, positive or negative. For this reason, it is crucial to internalize Environmental Education (EE) and Environmental Interpretation (EI) as tools to promote this awareness and involvement. Knowing the visitors’ profile, their main visitation interests, and their main demands makes it possible to provide public use planning. This planning can occur through the Visitation Opportunities List (ROVUC), which is a tool for inventorying the different existing or potential visitation opportunities, helping in the diversification, implementation guidance, and promotion of the most appropriate management of natural environments in order to provide the desired visitation experiences in the UC. For this reason, the methodology adopted for this work was using the ROVUC tool to inventory the existing natural attractions with ecotourism potential in the Carajás National Forest (FLONA), located in the state of Pará, in the Amazon forest biome. The qualification of the interpretive potential of public use and the description of the main themes of environmental interpretation addressed in ecotourism routes and with ecotourism potential was carried out. From the methodology, it was possible to evidence the existing attractions, identifying possible themes that can be used in the environmental interpretation of each attraction and their potential for public use of activities that are not yet performed. Thus, it is also expected that this work can contribute to the expansion/revision of the Program for Public Use of the Management Plan of the UC studied, contributing to the development of the Political Pedagogical Project - PPPEA, through the inventory of existing and potential attractions and activities in Carajas National Forest, thus enabling a diversified and ordered route by the degree, thus providing a better experience in visitation and contributing to the strategic planning of the respective FLONA.
Detecção e degradação eletroquímica de dexametasona usando eletrodos de diamante dopado com boro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Alves, Eliezer de Oliveira
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Rocha-Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1913024784908330
Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoide, first synthesized in 1957, that is currently part of the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Thus, as na important drug, its potential for environmental contamination has drawn attention in recent years, especially after the increase in its consumption due to its use in the treatment of COVID-19. Thus, the development of simple, fast, and sustainable techniques for the determination and treatment of aqueous matrices containing dexamethasone is a necessity. This work presents electrochemical methods with the desirable characteristics for the determination and degradation of dexamethasone using boron-doped diamonds as electrode material. For the determination, a method was developed using the differential pulse voltammetry technique, using the peak current from the oxidation of dexamethasone on boron-doped diamond with anodic pretreatment as analytical sign. The determinations were performed in a 0.04 mol L–1 H3PO4 medium as the supporting electrolyte, obtaining in the best conditions a linear range of 2.0–40.0 μmol L–1 (R2 = 0.999), with a detection limit of 2.0 μmol L–1 (S/N = 3). As for the electrochemical degradation method, a flow system was used with a filter-press reactor fitted with turbulence promoters. Applying a current density of 20 mA cm–2, the complete removal of dexamethasone (40 mg L–1 in 0.1 mol L–1 Na2SO4) was attained, with a mineralization of 82% in 5 h of treatment.
Análise numérica e experimental de um snap-fit utilizado em componentes de um refrigerador
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Haring, Gabriel Mora
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Franco, Vitor Ramos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4590258470207467
The home appliances sector is disputed by large companies, which, in order to remain competitive, are in a continuous search for improvements and cost reductions. The great engineering challenge is to reduce costs while maintaining the functionality, robustness and quality of the product, otherwise, valuable company resources can be wasted and generate catastrophic results once the product reaches the final consumer. In this way, studies are needed to prove the effectiveness of the modifications, thus increasing the level of confidence for project implementation. This document performs a numerical and experimental analysis of the snap-fit between polymeric clips and a metallic complement, aiming to guarantee the functionality and quantify the complement extraction force peak. The snap-fit disengagement simulation with theoretical and real geometry was performed using the finite element method, using the ANSYS software, the following step, experimental extraction test, was carried out in the laboratory, using a Cartesian robot. The results showed that the snap-fit function is adequate and the peak numerical and experimental extraction forces are significantly above the specification of the internal standard, enabling cost reduction proposals.
Relações entre pensamentos metaparentais, a qualidade da relação coparental, Burnout Parental e a funcionalidade familiar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Oliveira, Danilo Ciconi de
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4814293875960163
Metaparenting thoughts (metacognitive thoughts about parenting) indicate parents’ abilities to reflect on and identify strategies that promote their children’s development, but we need to better understand the relationship between these thoughts and the quality of family relationships. Among the various techniques used for observing metacognitive thoughts (including counterfactual and pre-factual thoughts), the presentation of fictional scenarios is a procedure that enables people to reflect and comment on interpersonal interactions. However, the analysis of parents’ metacognitive thoughts about real situations involving their children was expected to be even more useful for understanding the effects of metaparenting thoughts on the quality of family relationships. Thus, the objectives of this study were to: (a) compare metacognitive thoughts for fictitious and real parenting situations, (b) verify associations between metacognitive thoughts and the quality of the coparenting relationship, symptoms of parental burnout, and family functioning, and (c) verify the associations among these three measures of family relationships. This study had a descriptive, comparative and relational design. Participants were 30 mothers (average age of 40.5 years, SD = 5.20 years) with children between the ages of 10 to 14. The participants were recruited using social media networks and data were collected online. They completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, a metaparenting interview (which included questions about fictitious scenarios and a real parenting situation), the Coparenting Relationship Scale, the Brazilian Parental Burnout Assessment, and the APGAR index. Answers to the interview questions were categorized according to the type metacognitive thought for the fictitious and real situations, and then comparisons were made using the Wilcoxon test, and associations were tested using Spearman’s correlation. The number of counterfactual thoughts was similar for fictitious and real situations, but the number of pre-factual thoughts was greater for fictitious than for real situations (Z = 246,5, p < 0,001). There were few significant correlations among metacognitive thoughts and the relationship measures, but many significant relationships among the relationship measures. The sample was small and fathers were not included, but it seems that there must be other factors that modulate the relationship between metaparenting thoughts and the quality of family relationships. In future studies, in addition to evaluating metaparenting thoughts, the ways that these thoughts are discussed and reformulated using socioemotional and interpersonal skills could be examined, to analyze the effects of this broader set of cognitive and socioemotional skills on family relationships.
Narrativas (auto) biográficas de professoras surdas: um olhar para a aprendizagem da docência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Barbosa, Erica Alves
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Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3250195451890332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1050159024237397
We start from the assumption that learning how to teach is a continuous process, which occurs throughout life and does not exclusively refer to stagnant training moments, and that the quality of educational processes is, among other factors, related to the teacher and his/her teaching. In the context of deaf education, the "deaf teacher" has a central role in this discussion. Thus, we seek to analyze the teaching learning process of three deaf teachers who work with children in kindergarten and the first years of elementary school. In chapter one, we discuss questions about the field of teacher training, with regard to teaching learning concepts (Mizukami, Marcelo, Vaillant, Tancredi, Imbernón), reflective processes (Zeichner, Knowles, Cole and Presswood, Day), formative experiences (Josso), among others. We associate this with the discussion on aspects related to the specificity and challenges of learning to teach deaf teachers (Lacerda, Martins, Goes and Lodi). The research is based on a qualitative approach, with (auto)biographical sources. The narratives were produced in four phases (initial narratives; deepening; narrative interview and analysis). For analysis, three axes were established: "early times of life, schooling and significant learning"; "professional training, career insertion and significant learning" and "continuous professional development and significant learning". The investigation process allowed us to know the thoughts of the teachers, their life stories, their professional contexts, and offered evidence of their formative experiences. The teachers highlighted: sign language as a foundation in all aspects of their trajectories; the centrality of deaf students in their teaching actions; the school as a locus of professional training; the importance of support from teachers and experienced professionals during the period of initiation into teaching; among other significant experiences for their teaching learning processes. Faced with these considerations, the study indicates the importance that, in the implementation of training processes, in different areas, be taken into account: the specific needs of deaf teachers, the impossibility of separating personal and professional dimensions and the potential of research with sources (auto)biographical for the personalization of these actions.
Educação tecnológica e indústria 4.0 (i.4.0): agendas e tensões a partir dos pressupostos cts
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Muinge, Figueiredo Artur
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Sousa, Cidoval Morais de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064201204886332
Industry 4.0 is a new concept of industry in which automation, cyber-physical, Big Data and Internet of Things systems predominate. It's the context of smart factories that can predict errors and fix them automatically without human intervention and with a virtual cloud factory copy for security reasons. With that, more unemployment and the extinction of many professions are already announced. The market starts to demand new professional skills, challenging, above all, education with a technological bias. It questions, on the one hand, the role of universities (training for the market?), and, on the other, the education model required to face the challenge (instrumental or Citizen education?). This bibliographical and documentary study analyzes the Institutional Development Plan and the Pedagogical Projects of UFRGS courses (Automation Control Engineering; Production Engineering; Computer Engineering; Electrical Engineering; Chemical Engineering; Physical Engineering; Civil Engineering ; Materials Engineering; Mechanical Engineering; Environmental Engineering; Metallurgical Engineering; Administration; Public and social administration; Public policies; Social sciences; Public relations; Regional development), in light of the STS approaches, confronting the demands of I.4.0 and training profile provided by the university. This is a case study with a comprehensive method, data collection and analysis. The results show that a multidisciplinary profile is required to meet the demand of Industry 4.0; and that the university has an important role in reducing the impacts that the socio-professional disruption foreseen with the implantation of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 could cause in society. It is understood the university, committed to the society in which it is integrated, plays the role of observer of the dynamics of society, that is, it observes socioeconomic, sociocultural, sociopolitical, technological, environmental changes and acts in a way that offers answers to the different problems affects and challenge society. In the confrontation between “demand and supply”, there are disconnects between the interests of the market and the professional profile that the university promises to deliver to society, despite the prevalence of the instrumental character of the training processes in progress. Keywords: 1. Industry 4.0; 2. Automation; 3. Science, Technology and Society; 4. Role of universities; 5. Technological Education
Complexos fosfínicos de Ru(II)/mercaptos contendo ligantes N,N-heterocíclicos: atividade citotóxica e mecanismo de ação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2022-12-16)
Oliveira, Leticia Pires de
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Batista, Alzir Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6469642481998660
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1757837020498375
The main objectives of this study were the synthesis, characterization and biological studies of two series of ruthenium phosphine compounds containing different mercapto ligands, and contrasting in N,N-heterocyclic ligands in the coordination sphere. The series of compounds designated as series 1, consisted of seven compounds with general formula [Ru(NS)(dppb)(pyphen)]Cl (A1-A3) and [Ru(NS)(dppb)(pyphen)]PF6 (A4-A7), where dppb= 1,4’-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane; pyphen= 2-(pyren-1-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline; NS= 2-mercaptopyridine (pyS, A1 and A4), 2-mercaptothiazoline (tzdt, A2 and A5), 2-mercaptopyrimidine (pySm, A3 and A6), and 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (damp, A7). The series 2, comprise three compounds, of general formula [Ru(NS)(dppb)(phen)]PF6 (A8-A10), where phen= 1,10-phenanthroline and NS (mercapto ligands)= pyS, tzdt and pySm. The precursor compound of Series 1, [RuCl2(dppb)(pyphen)], was characterized, and the results show that the compound probably presents conformational isomerism that is not verified on the free ligand or final complexes. The compounds of both series were analyzed by usual characterization techniques, such as elemental analyses, conductimetry, spectroscopic in the ultraviolet/visible and infrared, cyclic voltammetry, 1H, 13C{1H} and 31P{1H} nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxic potential of compounds was evaluated against histologically distinct tumor lineages, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 (breast tumor lineages), A549 (lung adenocarcinoma tumor lineage), A2780 and A2780cis (ovarian tumor lineages), and against non-tumor lineages, MCF-10A (breast cell lineage) and MRC-5 (lung fibroblast cell line). This evaluation allows us to infer that the modification on the N,N-heterocyclic ligand resulted in smaller cytotoxic potential to compounds of series 1 than series 2. Despite this, the compounds of series 1 presented significant cytotoxicity in ovarian tumor cell lineages, exhibiting selectivity to this cell type, and a selectivity index of at least 2 with respect A2780cis and MRC-5 lines. The compounds of series 2 exhibited IC50 values significant, compared to the precursor and cisplatin, with similar activities between compounds to cell lines evaluated. Greater cytotoxic potential was displayed against MDA-MB-231 and A2780cis cell lineages, mainly complex A9 due its higher selectivity index. After analyzing the cytotoxic activity, the compounds were analyzed for possible interaction with biological targets, that can act how the stimulus triggers the cell death process or in the pharmacokinetics of compounds. All the complexes present reversible and weak interactions with DNA, mostly occurring in the minor groove of the biomolecule. The complexes were not capable alter the secondary and tertiary structure of DNA, therefore the interaction occurs weak and DNA is possibly not the determinant target to the compounds’ cytotoxicity. The compounds of Series 2 showed partial inhibition of the catalytic activity of the enzyme Topo IIα, while in the compounds of Serie 1 no inhibition of activity from this enzyme, which could be a way to justify the differential in cytotoxicity. Finally, the interaction with HSA showed that this protein can be associated with pharmacokinetics to the compounds, carrying them until the biological action site, with interaction through the Sudlow I site of human serum albumin protein. Studies with compounds A6 and A7 of Series 1, and A9 of Series 2, demonstrated the compounds could induce morphological changes that indicates cell death, the compounds exhibit cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on the cell lines analyzed, affect structures necessary for the metastatic cascade, and finally, exhibit apoptosis as cell death mechanism.