Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-03-16"

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Projeto de caixa de redução por engrenagens para veículo Baja SAE e impacto da inércia rotacional dos componentes na performance
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Cirqueira, Lucca Tardivo
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Malavolta, Alexandre Tácito
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8477313173581967
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2136142256749420
This work describes the design of a gearbox for a Baja SAE vehicle, for the Baja UFSCar team, and a study to measure the impact of the rotational inertia of the transmission system on the prototype's performance. The gearbox represents the second stage of the transmission, and its function is to complement the first stage, carried out by a CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission), in order to provide enough torque to the wheels so that the vehicle will have the best possible performance and be able to overcome the obstacles present in official SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) competitions. The objective of this work was to present the developed project of the gearbox of the “M8” prototype, used from 2020 to 2022 by the Baja UFSCar team, highlighting the main considerations made and decisions taken, based on the team's input parameters, limitations, and available resources. The focus was on reducing the mass of components (gears, shafts, housing), aiming to improve the vehicle’s overall performance and outperform its predecessor, the “Moisés” prototype used in 2018 and 2019. The dimensioning of the components was made according to traditional standards and bibliographies, but with a less conservative approach in order to avoid the oversizing that is typical of these methodologies, and also using finite element simulations for optimization. Besides performance, another indicator used to evaluate the evolution of the project was the rotational inertia of the rotating components of the transmission system. The equivalent rotational inertia of the transmission was equated, and converted to an equivalent mass, making it possible to measure its impact on the vehicle's performance. The study showed that the main factor that contributed to the performance increase was the mass reduction of the vehicle as a whole, with the rotational inertia of the components being a secondary factor. In general, the present work achieved its proposed objectives, because even though there are improvements to be made, the gearbox project presented contributed to Baja UFSCar team reaching expressive results in SAE competitions.
Aplicação de SVM na classificação de falhas em rolamentos: uma comparação entre o domínio tempo e tempo-frequência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Miranda, Isac José Silva
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Shiki, Sidney Bruce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8672686240757378
In order to enhance the operational efficiency of mechanical components, predictive maintenance has emerged as a critical technique for detecting potential failures before they lead to severe consequences such as accidents, productivity losses, and unexpected disruptions in production processes. This investigation employed vibration analysis to differentiate faults in spherical bearings, utilizing vibration signals collected from both faultless bearings and those bearing point defects. Statistical descriptors such as standard deviation, root mean square value, and shape factor were employed in the time domain, while the wavelet packet transform, featuring energy values and Shannon entropy in the time-frequency domain, was used to perform the analyses. The data was classified using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning algorithm. Both approaches demonstrated their effectiveness in discerning the signals, with prediction accuracies of 97.92% and 100%, respectively, highlighting the feasibility of this technique for fault identification in spherical bearings. The time-frequency approach was more effective than the time domain approach, as the latter yielded misclassifications in certain cases.
Análise de oportunidades e desafios da gestão de resíduos sólidos no município de Simão Dias (SE)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Almeida, Camila Couto de
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Ventura, Katia Sakihama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-668X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1467419456337635
In Brazil, total access to basic sanitation is a challenge, where the rates of care and deficit vary according to the income, region, and isolation of the areas and size of the municipality. The absence of adequate management of solid waste results in environmental, social, and economic impacts. Considering that it is the municipal competence for the integrated management of solid waste generated in the respective areas observed in small municipalities (municipalities with up to 50,000 inhabitants) for proper management is the lack of financial resources and professionals with technical capacity. About 89% of Brazilian municipalities are within this category. These challenges are aggravated by factors in rural areas, a common reality in small municipalities. In Simão Dias (SE), a city with about 40,000 inhabitants, located inland of Sergipe and with strong rural influence, there is no legal compliance to solid waste management properly. Thus, the general objective of the research was to analyze the opportunities and challenges of municipal solid waste management in the municipality of Simão Dias (SE). For this, the accomplished steps were: a) a literature review of solid waste in the nation and recommendations in an international and national context; b) a characterization of the solid waste in Simão Dias through local visitation (Article 1) and c) use of strategic evaluation tools (SWOT and 5W2H) to solid waste management (Article 2). The main challenges were the absence of public policies for appropriate management, lack of knowledge about the origin and quantification of waste disposal, absence of adequate segregation in the generating source, and inefficiency of actions for selective collection. The performance of the current cooperative and the municipal participation in a consortium stood out as opportunities. Regarding the identified challenges, 11 proposals for actions were detailed, such as the construction of landfill, an elaboration of the municipal plan for integrated solid waste management and environmental education initiatives for segregation of solid waste properly in the city.
Material didático digital: do papel à tela como proposta pedagógica bilíngue para alunos surdos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Viudes, Ariadne Haak
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Rocha, Daniele Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0948893650052847
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6534417040815978
Historically, the education of the deaf has been permeated with conflicts and controversies. Although there is a growth in scientific research in the sense of producing educational references for this minority group, the methods and methodologies applied are recurrently subjected to oral practices, overvaluing the Portuguese language, relegating sign language to a supporting role in the students' teaching-learning processes deaf. The present work aims to analyze digital and bilingual teaching materials for the deaf available in digital media, pointing out the potential and plurality of multimodal and semiotic resources. Using descriptive and exploratory analysis methodologies, the tools used in four selected digital and bilingual teaching materials were analyzed, which have the deaf as their target audience, materials that are available through streaming, highlighting the potential and plurality of multimodal and semiotic resources in the contribution to the production and implementation in order to promote quality in bilingual education for deaf students. It considers the many possibilities of reinventing, through technological resources, the didactic materials available to students in the path of practices and learning opportunities for students in school phase.
Discursos discentes sobre o ensino do esporte na educação física escolar: trabalho, comunicação, permanência e mudança
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Freitas, Guilherme de Arruda Carvalho
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Lemos, Fábio Ricardo Mizuno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720009502941255
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6512-5056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1979015991794065
Considering the changes brought about by the renovating movement starting from the 1980s, there began a reflection on the teaching of sports in Physical Education, criticizing the hegemony of this content, its approach in the classroom, and which sports modalities were integrated into the school curriculum. In this interval, innovative models of sports teaching emerged which intend to place learners at the central condition of the educational process as an option to traditional models that emphasize the learning of technique. Nonetheless, traditional sports modalities, whose sociocultural relevance, media appeal, and access to practice are greater (generally football/futsal, basketball, volleyball, and handball, the “fantastic quartet”), continue to occupy a considerable amount of time in school Physical Education classes, to the detriment of a more varied repertoire that would also include non-traditional modalities (little known in the local context, with no space in the media and requiring expensive and difficult-to-obtain materials). The objective of this study was to investigate student discourses regarding the development of didactic units for teaching sports in Physical Education classes for 9th-grade students in a public school in Campinas-SP. This is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Two didactic units were applied with alternating teaching models and sports modalities: traditional or innovative models combined with traditional (basketball) or non-traditional (Ultimate Frisbee) sports modalities. Data collection was carried out through the recording of conversation circles held after the application of each didactic unit. The data obtained were analyzed under the situated phenomenon modality. The analyses resulting from the two experiences demonstrated, in the first one, the student perspectives regarding the comfort of remaining with what is known in the face of the imbalances caused by change, and in the second one, a context in which the speeches were directed to the categories of work (facilities and difficulties in learning) and communication (facilities and difficulties in interaction and language), highlighting the need to apply dialogical teaching models in which student centrality will be exercised. In final considerations, we indicate that a variety of sports teaching models must be experimented and applied, such as many sports modalities must be taught in curriculum, as it is necessary and possible to achieve a liberating, emancipatory and humanized sports pedagogy.
Influência de telas de sombreamento no desenvolvimento e produção de hortaliças folhosas: estudo exploratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Costa, Mariana Caroline Veiga
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Gazzola, Jonathan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159433721761670
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9159505551125120
Leafy vegetables are sensitive plants to environmental conditions, such as light, temperature and relative humidity. In order to mitigate the impacts caused by the environment are used practices of protected cultivation from the use of shading screens, in order to reduce solar radiation, air and soil temperature, in addition to protecting the plants and provide gains in production. However, there may be few studies about the influence of shade screens on leafy vegetables of agronomic interest, considering the various planting seasons. Thus, the objective of this work is to present an exploratory study on the influence of different shading screens on leafy vegetables, aiming to expose the effects, benefits and hazards of these environments on crops. To this end, the precepts of the exploratory study were used, based on data from bibliographic research already developed in book contents and scientific articles. Searching for results of leaf area, number of leaves, plant height and mass of fresh matter, with the purpose of developing graphs and tables, as well as discussing growth and productivity data. From this, it was found that the data on the influence of shading screens on leafy vegetables may be divergent, because each genetic material adapts in different ways to the environment where they are inserted, and it should always be taken into account that the responses of each individual vary according to species, cultivar, location and time of planting. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that the use of shading screens requires a certain mastery of production techniques to obtain gains, as well as to remain in the productive market.
Investigação confirmatória de área contaminada: estudo de caso de um conjunto habitacional de interesse social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Loria, Giovana Lamano
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Rotta, Cláudia Marisse dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8142167187580488
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1751379906747628
Studies related to soil and groundwater contamination are becoming increasingly relevant in the global context, due to the increase in the number of affected areas. In the state of São Paulo, industrial activities are responsible for the registration of 1294 contaminated areas, representing 20% of the total. In this context, the present work aims to study an area suspected of contamination in the municipality of Guarulhos (SP), which, in the past, housed an industrial activity of plastic manufacturing by extrusion, and is currently under residential occupation. The development of this work, after the survey of pre-existing data, was based on the confirmatory investigation, governed by different national standards and CETESB’s orientation. Among the different methodological steps, manual drilling for soil sampling and installation of groundwater monitoring wells were highlighted, followed by chemical analyses of these components. The results obtained were analyzed against CETESB orientation values, and showed concentrations higher than acceptable in groundwater samples from 6 monitoring wells, indicating the presence of contaminants in the study area. Since there are currently no active sources or evidence of activities that could cause contamination in the study area, it was concluded that the concentrations above the guideline values are due to the industrial activity that existed in the past. However, a critical analysis of the methodology used, based on existing recommendations in the scientific literature and presented by environmental agencies, indicated the need for more detailed studies, including the use of techniques and analyses not used in this study. In this way, sufficient data would be obtained to adequately perform the human health risk assessment and to propose a reclamation project for a contaminated area.
Química na história: aplicação e análise de um minicurso para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Figueiredo, Diego
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Bretones, Paulo Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0016646045895716
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5463831195971376
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9844-5010
The theme of the History of Science is widely recognized as an effective mechanism for providing critical education, but it is rarely applied in basic education. This qualitative research, through a case study, aimed to develop, apply, and analyze a six-lesson mini-course on the History of Chemistry, with high school students enrolled in an Integrated High School and Chemistry Technician course at an ETEC in the interior of São Paulo state. The study sought to answer the question: "What is the feasibility, difficulties, obstacles, benefits, and advancements in preparing and conducting a mini-course on the History of Chemistry for Integrated High School and Chemistry Technician students, considering the connection between the Humanities and Natural Sciences?" In this regard, it was necessary to understand the motivations and criticisms regarding the implementation of a History of Chemistry course, based on the assumptions of Matthews (1995), Maar (2018), Santos and Porto (2013), and Silva et al. (2010). Regarding the data collection methodology, questionnaires, video recordings of classes, and the teacher-researcher's field diary were used, and data analysis was carried out using content analysis based on Bardin's (2019) concepts. Although the analyzed course was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we sought to observe and highlight how a History of Chemistry course provides a more humanized and student-centered learning experience. The study also revealed that students tend to distance the components of the Natural Sciences and Humanities axis, and this is reinforced through the practices of teachers. The course helps to deconstruct this fragmented imaginary of knowledge areas. It was found that even though students are in the final phase of basic education, they still struggle with conceptualization and application of Chemistry and History concepts, often due to the lack of classroom approach by subject teachers. The research also pointed out that the difficulty in developing a History of Chemistry course is driven by the teacher's lack of knowledge in the History of Science. It is hoped that this work contributes to the discussion of pedagogical practices regarding the History of Science, specifically the History of Chemistry, aiming to promote conscious and critical education in high school and vocational high school, as well as encourage further research on the subject. Keywords: High School, History of Science
Significados da felicidade nas dimensões do espaço urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-16)
Ueda, Guilherme Shoiti
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Castro, Carolina Maria Pozzi de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2178910002833930
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1828-7615
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5529998790545038
This thesis investigates the use of happiness as a guiding principle to comprehensively understand the production of urban space. To do this, the concept of happiness is analyzed in different theoretical perspectives, seeking to understand how it influences human attitudes and behaviors, which determine the way spaces are built and used. In this way, connections are established between different areas of knowledge, such as philosophy, psychology, psychoanalysis, and geography, to establish a relationship between happiness and urban space. The thesis argues that this relationship is bidirectional, conceiving the city as a continuous process of deconstruction, based on the hypothesis that the contemporary conception of happiness is artificially created to satisfy the interests of capitalism, distancing the human being from the biological cycles of natural ecosystems. In this context, the role of territoriality, ethics, security and culture is also analyzed as fundamental elements for the formation of a new world view, in which ecological consciousness is internalized and can generate a cycle of happiness.
Métodos de secagem e seu papel na redução das perdas e desperdícios em alimentos: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Amaral, Ramana Heringer Fernando
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Cavallieri, Angelo Luiz Fazani
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3986729217794435
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2894985962670582
Drying is one of the most important processes of food preservation, and generates storagestable products, as long as suitable packaging is used. Currently, less conventional drying techniques are more prominent for their efficiency in terms of energy and preservation of natural resources, when compared to more traditional methods, generating a positive impact on sustainability. With the increase of the world population and the current post-pandemic scenario of COVID-19, maintaining food systems and increasing food supply is a challenge for world leaders, especially those in developing countries. Sustainable agricultural practices show greater efficiency in terms of technological resources to help producers to adapt to changes and sustain their livelihoods. Therefore, the use of drying as a conservation approach is directly linked to the reduction of food losses and waste, endorsing the advantage of applying integrated methods, which have several advantages not only in terms of saving energy and resources, but mainly in relation to to the sensorial and nutritional characteristics of the products. The present work shows the fundamental aspects of food drying technology relating to the importance of maintaining food systems and reducing losses and food waste, through the proper application of the conservation method.
Investigação da dopagem anódica de filmes de Al203 com zinco pelo processo de oxidação eletrolítica a plasma (PEO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Martins, Gabriel Moraes Reche
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Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-0270
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6007206605055086
With the growing demand for a healthier life, there is a great interest in materials that can eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. A great number of inorganic bactericidal materials are found as metallic nanoparticles and nanoparticles of metallic oxides such as silver, gold, copper, titanium oxide, and zinc oxide. Thus, this work was intended to explore the incorporation of zinc oxide through the process of plasma electrolytic oxidation in a commercial aluminum alloy. Zinc oxide can be inserted in the matrix or on the surface of various materials in several ways, depending on the application. In special to the treatment of metallic surfaces, an approach that has been explored is the method of anodization of metals in the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) regime. It was used as a substrate, a commercial aluminum alloy. The electrolytic solutions used were: I – Oxalic acid and NH4OH; II – Dihydrate acetate zinc, EDTA salt disodium 2H2O, and NH4OH; III – Citric acid; IV – Citric acid and Dihydrate acetate zinc. The working temperature was set at 20 °C, and the current density used in the process was 10 mA cm-2. The anodization was realized through a galvanostatic process in an anodization reactor with a glass recipient for the thermostatic bath and socket for two platinum counter electrodes with constant agitation by a magnetic agitator. To verify the morphological and compositional properties of formed oxides, it was used image and analysis techniques. The electronic micrographs and compositional analysis data by EDS were obtained using scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated for electrolyte I, the anodization curves associated with the appearance of the PEO process, was possible to realize the PEO process in the aluminum alloy used as substrate. For electrolyte II, the anodization curves associated with the appearance of the PEO process show an unstable system for the electrolyte; that is, it’s not possible the reproduction of the observed phenomenon. Furthermore, it’s observed by the anodization curves that it wasn’t possible to obtain the PEO process for the base electrolyte. For electrolytes III and IV, observing the anodization curves with the process observation and frontal micrographs, it’s possible to affirm that there was, in a reproducible and stable way, the PEO process and formation of a porous oxide film in the surface of the substrate. However, it was not possible to perceive, in the analyzed points, the incorporation or doping of the Zinc element by electrolyte IV.
Classifcação binária via Bayes Ingênuo: um estudo comparativo de predições
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Martins, Victor Alves Dogo
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Cerqueira, Andressa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2953240904482350
In this undergraduate thesis, we propose a review of the Naive Bayes classifcation method applied to binary response variables, with a more in-depth formalization of the Gaussian Naive Bayes and Flexible Naive Bayes methods for numerical covariates. To compare these methods using the statistical software R, we will use a database containing both numerical and categorical covariates, with the binary response variable representing victory or defeat.
Estudo de ligas especiais para resistência à corrosão em ambientes agressivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Paula, Yuri Silva de
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-8467
The phenomenon of corrosion deteriorates metallic materials, the corrosive attack is electrochemical and starts on the metallic surface. The relationship between corrosion and metals involves high costs of the order of 5% of the gross domestic product of some countries, these expenses include maintenance or replacement of deteriorated or contaminated products because of corrosion reactions. The corrosive process is not always associated with mechanical efforts and can occur through several mechanisms, the environment to which the metal is exposed directly influences the corrosion variables, such as: speed, temperature, and fluid composition. The increase in the velocity of a fluid accelerates the rate at which corrosion occurs due to erosion effects, in line with most chemical reactions, in corrosion reactions the increase in temperature serves as a catalyst for the reaction and the increase in the concentration of corrosive species produces a higher corrosion rate. In industrial environments, metal alloys are subject to the highest levels of the variables presented, called Aggressive Environments, in aggressive environments metals are exposed to chlorides, bromides, sulfides, hypochlorites, iodides, fluorides and water in motion, making it necessary to use of Special Alloys called superalloys that maintain their mechanical properties even at high temperatures while maintaining surface integrity, are examples of special alloys: duplex stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, martensitic stainless steels, micro alloyed supermartensitic stainless steels, titanium alloys and nickel superalloys . Special Alloys must present the phenomenon of passivity, losing their chemical reactivity, this phenomenon arises from the ability of the alloy to form an oxide film thatserves as a barrier to corrosion, the formation of the passivation layer in stainless steels is due to the high chromium content which comes into contact with atmospheric oxygen forming the protective chromium oxide (Cr2O3), titanium alloys form titanium oxide (TiO2) and nickel superalloys which, in addition to the formed passivation layer, have high resistance to pitting corrosion due to the presence of molybdenum. The resistance of the alloys was tested by potentiodynamic polarization curves and by calculating the equivalent number of potential resistance to pitting. As a highlight, resistance to pitting and corrosion in general are nickel alloys and titanium alloys.
Produção de zebrafish ginogenético mitótico e meiótico: comparação do desenvolvimento da prole
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Setti, Príncia Grejo
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Borra, Ricardo Carneiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5655362515357840
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3377-9295
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4636124789854528
The development of inbred animals, due to genetic homogeneity, represents an important tool for biomedical research. To generate homozygous Zebrafish, it is possible to disrupt the completion of meiosis II or mitosis in haploid embryos. To carry out these interferences in the cell cycle, there are different methodologies based on pressure shock, with varying degrees of complexity and success rates. To simplify and improve the success rate, this work proposes to develop and test a new methodology, with simpler procedures, based on the combination of sperm irradiation by UV-C for a shorter time followed by a thermal shock at different temperatures. Thus, the development of descendants generated by meiotic (Mei) or mitotic (Mit) gynogenesis, through combinations of different irradiation parameters (28.5 mJ/cm2, 105 mJ/cm2 and 210 mJ/cm2) and temperatures (Mei: 40.40, 40.60 or 40.90°C; Mt: 41.40, 41.90 or 42.45°C), was compared. To confirm the success of gynogenesis, a compilation of non-molecular methodologies was made, adding the use of embryonic metaphase counts. The results showed that the irradiation of 28.5mJ/cm2 for a short period guarantees haploid embryos and good fertilization rate. Regarding temperature, the shock at 40.6°C applied from 4 minutes to 6 minutes post fertilization reached an average of 42.08% of healthy animals at the end of 120 hours post fertilization. In mitotic gynogenesis, 41.9°C showed an average of 11.91% of healthy larvae in 120 hours post fertilization when the shock was applied between 18 and 20minutes post fertilization. Conclusion: the proposed methodology was effective in generating gynogenetic embryos and meiotic gynogenesis generated offspring with higher viability, malformation and health rates than the mitotic technique. Retention of the second polar body requires lower temperature (~1.3°C) and is linked to the developmental stage. Whereas, to interrupt a mitotic cycle, it was necessary to use a higher temperature.
Avaliação e ensino de relações número-quantidade para crianças da educação infantil e do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Vernini, Amanda Rossi
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Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9798456492432613
In the second half of 2021, in-person classes were resumed, after more than a year of isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the importance of monitoring and developing teaching procedures to meet the needs of children. The present study had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the repertoire of relating and naming numbers and quantities of preschool children and children in elementary school and (2) to evaluate the effects of teaching the relationships between dictated numbers, numbers, and quantity, through a procedure based on the equivalence of stimuli, applied on paper. Participated in the evaluation of the repertoire, five children from kindergarten and four children from elementary school, enrolled in a public school in the interior of São Paulo. A pre- and post-test design and a multiple probe design between stimulus groups were used. The general procedure consisted of 10 steps, starting with the familiarization with the participant. Then, the assessment was applied with the Protocol for Registration and Assessment of Mathematics Skills (PRAHM) instrument. The next step was the naming pre-test to measure performance in naming numerals and their respective quantities (from 1 to 9). After, pre-training to prepare the child for the experimental procedure. All relations AB (dictated numeral and numeral), AC (dictated numeral and quantity), BC (numeral and quantity) and CB (quantity and numeral) were applied. Based on the results of the pre-test, four children mastered the evaluated repertoires and five children realized the teaching procedure, three from kindergarten and two from elementary school. The teaching and testing stages of Group 1 were conducted up to criterion and again the probes and so on with the other two groups. After the last probe, the PRAHM, the naming post-test, and the Family Environment Resources Inventory (RAF) were applied. The data showed that four children completed the teaching procedure and one child taught the first group of stimuli. In general, the results showed that teaching was efficient for learning numbers and quantities. In the final evaluation, it was verified that the children showed an increase in the naming of numbers and quantities and they also increased their performance in the PRAHM skills. Thus, it is concluded that teaching was effective and developed the mathematical skills expected for this age group.
Simuladores políticos como prática de ensino em Geografia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Falasca, Victor Angelo
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Girotto, Eduardo Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197105021122138
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-6188
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Lana, Rita de Cássia
Esta tesis de maestría tiene como objetivo principal presentar una propuesta para el uso didáctico de simuladores políticos para la enseñanza de la geografía a partir del diálogo con la Pedagogía Histórico-Crítica y el Teatro Foro. La elaboración de la propuesta del simulador político se basó en el contexto del residencial Carandá, ubicado en las afueras de la ciudad de Sorocaba, en el estado de São Paulo. En el transcurso de esta investigación se pudo identificar que existen fuerzas dominantes que determinan cómo se debe concebir la Geografía en el aula, sin embargo a pesar de estos agentes existen pensadores que proponen una educación que rompe con estos enfoques y, a partir de estos aportes, se es posible construir horizontes posibilidades de prácticas docentes que hagan significativa la enseñanza de la Geografía para la educación y para la formación crítica de los estudiantes, siendo los simuladores políticos una de las estrategias didácticas que pueden movilizarse en esta dirección.
Monitoramento da integridade estrutural a partir de sensoriamento de baixo-custo: projeto e desenvolvimento de bancada experimental integrada a plataforma de computação em nuvem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Vasconcelos, João Pedro Castro
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Shiki, Sidney Bruce
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been a widely used tool, as it offers greater longevity to structures. Technologies using vibration as a parameter for this monitoring are proving to be efficient and several research topics in this field are being developed. However, the use of sensors for monitoring structures implies in a high cost, which is the main limitation regarding the feasibility of applying structural integrity monitoring on a larger scale. With the evolution in accuracy and reliability of low-cost sensors and rapid prototyping boards, their implementation in the industry is increasingly being studied. In the current work, a workbench was designed and developed with flexible materials and a simple design, where sensors and a rapid prototyping board were installed, responsible for transmitting the data to a digital platform. Measurements were made on the experimental bench while excited by vibrations, then damage was generated to the bench and new measurements were taken. With this, it was possible to simulate an application of SHM with low-cost sensors and equipment to analyse the behaviour of the data obtained in the proposed damage scenarios. At the end of the study, the established damage indices were sensitive to variations of the damage caused to the bench, demonstrating the potential for an efficient application of the proposed experiment for a structural health monitoring practical model.
Cooling with fermionic thermal reservoirs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Damas, Gabriella Gonçalves
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De Assis, Rogério Jorge
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Almeida, Norton Gomes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8394724060015959
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703787869253387
Propriedades catalíticas de aluminossilicatos funcionalizados com propilaminas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Zapelini, Iago William
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Cardoso, Dilson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2130645530441578
In this work, the functionalization with aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (APTMS) of aluminosilicates precursors of the Na-LTA zeolite was explored in the synthesis of basic catalysts for the Knoevenagel condensation. The functionalization of zeolite H-MFI and its amorphous and semicrystalline precursors, amorphous aluminosilicates with different Si/Al ratios in the protonic form, and also of zeolite H-BEA, were evaluated for the synthesis of catalysts with acid-base properties for deacetalization of benzaldehyde dimethylacetal followed by Knoevenagel condensation. Regarding the functionalization of the Na-LTA zeolite and its precursors, the functionalized solids prepared with shorter hydrothermal treatment times were more active in the reaction due to the greater anchoring capacity of propylamine, since they have a higher content of surface silanols. In addition, the amorphous Na-LTA zeolite precursors were more active, due to the greater accessibility of the catalytic sites before the closure of the structure. Functionalization proved to be a simple and efficient strategy to increase the activity of purely sodium aluminosilicates in Knoevenagel condensation. In the case of the functionalization of zeolite H-MFI and its precursors, it was observed that greater selectivity to the Knoevenagel condensation product (a step that occurs in the basic site) is achieved for materials with a greater amount of amorphous solid. Once again, this result was attributed to the greater amount of amine anchored in these solids. When varying the Si/Al ratio of the amorphous aluminosilicates, a tendency towards a decrease in the activity of the acid sites was observed in solids with a higher fraction of Al, which was explained by the increase in the protonation of the nitrogen atoms derived from the APTMS as it increased the acidity of the solid used in the functionalization. The zeolite H-BEA functionalized with APTMS showed the highest yield of acrylate product among all catalysts tested in the acid-base catalyzed series reaction. Its better performance was attributed to the high acidity combined with a large amount of amine anchored due to the high concentration of external silanols in this material.
Quebra-cabeça tridimensional no Ensino Fundamental I: possibilidades de utilização interdisciplinar Matemática e Educação Física em uma perspectiva histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17)
Barai, Alexandre
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Carvalho Neto, João Teles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8622059450756991
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5585999713845606
The Rubik's Cube, popularly known as the magic cube, is a three-dimensional puzzle created by the Hungarian teacher Erno Rubik as didactic material to work with his students on the concept of three-dimensionality. However, building a cube on axes that allowed all six faces to rotate, he soon realized that he had created a puzzle. Current educational proposals encourage the use of games as a didactic resource in teaching skills and competences. In this way, intermediated by an interdisciplinary proposal Mathematics and Physical Education, this quali-quantitative study sought to use the magic cube as a complementary didactic material exploring its potentialities. And based on the Historical-cultural perspective with the support of content analysis and the IRAMUTEQ software, its main objective was to understand how the use of toys contributed to the development of logical-mathematical and cognitive-motor skills in students of the 5th grade of Elementary School I. Among the main results found, we can show that the use of toys encourages the appropriation of different skills and competences contained in educational proposals for Mathematics and Physical Education. In this sense, within the limitations of an exploratory-descriptive study, we point out that it is feasible to use the magic cube as a complementary didactic resource that stimulates the development of higher psychological functions, helping both in the appropriation of culture and systematized knowledge that permeated by the teaching intention favors the formation of scientific concepts by the students.