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Estudo de ligas especiais para resistência à corrosão em ambientes agressivos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Paula, Yuri Silva de; Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-8467
The phenomenon of corrosion deteriorates metallic materials, the corrosive attack is electrochemical and starts on the metallic surface. The relationship between corrosion and metals involves high costs of the order of 5% of the gross domestic product of some countries, these expenses include maintenance or replacement of deteriorated or contaminated products because of corrosion reactions. The corrosive process is not always associated with mechanical efforts and can occur through several mechanisms, the environment to which the metal is exposed directly influences the corrosion variables, such as: speed, temperature, and fluid composition. The increase in the velocity of a fluid accelerates the rate at which corrosion occurs due to erosion effects, in line with most chemical reactions, in corrosion reactions the increase in temperature serves as a catalyst for the reaction and the increase in the concentration of corrosive species produces a higher corrosion rate. In industrial environments, metal alloys are subject to the highest levels of the variables presented, called Aggressive Environments, in aggressive environments metals are exposed to chlorides, bromides, sulfides, hypochlorites, iodides, fluorides and water in motion, making it necessary to use of Special Alloys called superalloys that maintain their mechanical properties even at high temperatures while maintaining surface integrity, are examples of special alloys: duplex stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, martensitic stainless steels, micro alloyed supermartensitic stainless steels, titanium alloys and nickel superalloys . Special Alloys must present the phenomenon of passivity, losing their chemical reactivity, this phenomenon arises from the ability of the alloy to form an oxide film thatserves as a barrier to corrosion, the formation of the passivation layer in stainless steels is due to the high chromium content which comes into contact with atmospheric oxygen forming the protective chromium oxide (Cr2O3), titanium alloys form titanium oxide (TiO2) and nickel superalloys which, in addition to the formed passivation layer, have high resistance to pitting corrosion due to the presence of molybdenum. The resistance of the alloys was tested by potentiodynamic polarization curves and by calculating the equivalent number of potential resistance to pitting. As a highlight, resistance to pitting and corrosion in general are nickel alloys and titanium alloys.
Investigação da dopagem anódica de filmes de Al203 com zinco pelo processo de oxidação eletrolítica a plasma (PEO)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Martins, Gabriel Moraes Reche; Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-0270; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6007206605055086
With the growing demand for a healthier life, there is a great interest in materials that can eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. A great number of inorganic bactericidal materials are found as metallic nanoparticles and nanoparticles of metallic oxides such as silver, gold, copper, titanium oxide, and zinc oxide. Thus, this work was intended to explore the incorporation of zinc oxide through the process of plasma electrolytic oxidation in a commercial aluminum alloy. Zinc oxide can be inserted in the matrix or on the surface of various materials in several ways, depending on the application. In special to the treatment of metallic surfaces, an approach that has been explored is the method of anodization of metals in the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) regime. It was used as a substrate, a commercial aluminum alloy. The electrolytic solutions used were: I – Oxalic acid and NH4OH; II – Dihydrate acetate zinc, EDTA salt disodium 2H2O, and NH4OH; III – Citric acid; IV – Citric acid and Dihydrate acetate zinc. The working temperature was set at 20 °C, and the current density used in the process was 10 mA cm-2. The anodization was realized through a galvanostatic process in an anodization reactor with a glass recipient for the thermostatic bath and socket for two platinum counter electrodes with constant agitation by a magnetic agitator. To verify the morphological and compositional properties of formed oxides, it was used image and analysis techniques. The electronic micrographs and compositional analysis data by EDS were obtained using scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated for electrolyte I, the anodization curves associated with the appearance of the PEO process, was possible to realize the PEO process in the aluminum alloy used as substrate. For electrolyte II, the anodization curves associated with the appearance of the PEO process show an unstable system for the electrolyte; that is, it’s not possible the reproduction of the observed phenomenon. Furthermore, it’s observed by the anodization curves that it wasn’t possible to obtain the PEO process for the base electrolyte. For electrolytes III and IV, observing the anodization curves with the process observation and frontal micrographs, it’s possible to affirm that there was, in a reproducible and stable way, the PEO process and formation of a porous oxide film in the surface of the substrate. However, it was not possible to perceive, in the analyzed points, the incorporation or doping of the Zinc element by electrolyte IV.
Quebra-cabeça tridimensional no Ensino Fundamental I: possibilidades de utilização interdisciplinar Matemática e Educação Física em uma perspectiva histórico-cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Barai, Alexandre; Carvalho Neto, João Teles de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8622059450756991; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5585999713845606
The Rubik's Cube, popularly known as the magic cube, is a three-dimensional puzzle created by the Hungarian teacher Erno Rubik as didactic material to work with his students on the concept of three-dimensionality. However, building a cube on axes that allowed all six faces to rotate, he soon realized that he had created a puzzle. Current educational proposals encourage the use of games as a didactic resource in teaching skills and competences. In this way, intermediated by an interdisciplinary proposal Mathematics and Physical Education, this quali-quantitative study sought to use the magic cube as a complementary didactic material exploring its potentialities. And based on the Historical-cultural perspective with the support of content analysis and the IRAMUTEQ software, its main objective was to understand how the use of toys contributed to the development of logical-mathematical and cognitive-motor skills in students of the 5th grade of Elementary School I. Among the main results found, we can show that the use of toys encourages the appropriation of different skills and competences contained in educational proposals for Mathematics and Physical Education. In this sense, within the limitations of an exploratory-descriptive study, we point out that it is feasible to use the magic cube as a complementary didactic resource that stimulates the development of higher psychological functions, helping both in the appropriation of culture and systematized knowledge that permeated by the teaching intention favors the formation of scientific concepts by the students.
Propriedades catalíticas de aluminossilicatos funcionalizados com propilaminas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Zapelini, Iago William; Cardoso, Dilson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2462847535959232; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2130645530441578
In this work, the functionalization with aminopropyl-trimethoxysilane (APTMS) of aluminosilicates precursors of the Na-LTA zeolite was explored in the synthesis of basic catalysts for the Knoevenagel condensation. The functionalization of zeolite H-MFI and its amorphous and semicrystalline precursors, amorphous aluminosilicates with different Si/Al ratios in the protonic form, and also of zeolite H-BEA, were evaluated for the synthesis of catalysts with acid-base properties for deacetalization of benzaldehyde dimethylacetal followed by Knoevenagel condensation. Regarding the functionalization of the Na-LTA zeolite and its precursors, the functionalized solids prepared with shorter hydrothermal treatment times were more active in the reaction due to the greater anchoring capacity of propylamine, since they have a higher content of surface silanols. In addition, the amorphous Na-LTA zeolite precursors were more active, due to the greater accessibility of the catalytic sites before the closure of the structure. Functionalization proved to be a simple and efficient strategy to increase the activity of purely sodium aluminosilicates in Knoevenagel condensation. In the case of the functionalization of zeolite H-MFI and its precursors, it was observed that greater selectivity to the Knoevenagel condensation product (a step that occurs in the basic site) is achieved for materials with a greater amount of amorphous solid. Once again, this result was attributed to the greater amount of amine anchored in these solids. When varying the Si/Al ratio of the amorphous aluminosilicates, a tendency towards a decrease in the activity of the acid sites was observed in solids with a higher fraction of Al, which was explained by the increase in the protonation of the nitrogen atoms derived from the APTMS as it increased the acidity of the solid used in the functionalization. The zeolite H-BEA functionalized with APTMS showed the highest yield of acrylate product among all catalysts tested in the acid-base catalyzed series reaction. Its better performance was attributed to the high acidity combined with a large amount of amine anchored due to the high concentration of external silanols in this material.
Alfabetização e letramento na escola multisseriada A´Uwê Uptabi Xavante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Tsu'utumrêmédi, Guinter Tsitsuru; Fernandes, Hylio Lagana; lattes.cnpq.br/1315602045624096; Souza, Geraldo Tadeu; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3516168011612531
The objective of my research is to present the reality of the multigrade Indigenous school A´uwê Uptabi São José Tsira´mi, and to give visibility to the current challenge of the Xavante Indigenous teachers to teach literacy in the writing of both languages - Xavante language and Portuguese language The idea of my The project is to record how the process of building children's literacy takes place in the school space and in the Xavante culture. For this, I sought the knowledge of indigenous teachers and this rescue took place at the multi-grade indigenous school A´UWÊ UPTABI XAVANTE. The teachers and Paulo Freire entered into a dialogue for me to carry out this work. The child comes into contact with the world at the Xavante school, reading the world around, the day-to-day movement, in literacy and literacy of the Portuguese language in the pages of the book and in the world of wisdom. The construction of this TCC is the recovery of the value of the wisdom of indigenous teachers as the main protagonist, that is, it results from a construction process in writing in Portuguese and Xavante languages. Our intention with TCC is to transform traditional knowledge into meaningful learning.
O lixo é no lixo? Banhos de cinco minutos? E a culpa é do meu canudo de plástico? Por uma educação ambiental crítica na formação inicial de professores de Ciências Biológicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Bressani, Eduardo Alves; Oliveira, Wander Pinto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1233497225721187; Torres, Juliana Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6896592594987580
The present work starts from the hypothesis that each individual carries conceptions and Social Representations of Environment and Environmental Education as it is stated by Reigota (2010). Thus, we seek to analyze to what extent the conceptions of Environment and Environmental Education of Biology and Science Education undergraduate students from the daytime (CBL-So) and evening (CBLN-So) courses approach the Macro-Political-Pedagogical Trends classified by Layrargues and Lima (2014). The analysis was based on the responses collected through a semi-structured questionnaire disclosed through e-mails and WhatsApp groups. It used the qualitative research as a data collection method and the Discursive Textual Analysis stated by Moraes and Galiazzi (2006) as a data analysis method. Throughout the speeches gathered, it was possible to verify that the students simultaneously present pragmatic and critical views. Lastly, it is concluded that the prevalence of the pragmatic macrotrend is the result of a political project that aims to perpetuate the current economic system and, at the same time, the presence of critical perspectives points to the possibility of a new, critical and contextualized curriculums in pre-service teacher education.
Monitoramento da integridade estrutural a partir de sensoriamento de baixo-custo: projeto e desenvolvimento de bancada experimental integrada a plataforma de computação em nuvem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Vasconcelos, João Pedro Castro; Shiki, Sidney Bruce; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573973677787523
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) has been a widely used tool, as it offers greater longevity to structures. Technologies using vibration as a parameter for this monitoring are proving to be efficient and several research topics in this field are being developed. However, the use of sensors for monitoring structures implies in a high cost, which is the main limitation regarding the feasibility of applying structural integrity monitoring on a larger scale. With the evolution in accuracy and reliability of low-cost sensors and rapid prototyping boards, their implementation in the industry is increasingly being studied. In the current work, a workbench was designed and developed with flexible materials and a simple design, where sensors and a rapid prototyping board were installed, responsible for transmitting the data to a digital platform. Measurements were made on the experimental bench while excited by vibrations, then damage was generated to the bench and new measurements were taken. With this, it was possible to simulate an application of SHM with low-cost sensors and equipment to analyse the behaviour of the data obtained in the proposed damage scenarios. At the end of the study, the established damage indices were sensitive to variations of the damage caused to the bench, demonstrating the potential for an efficient application of the proposed experiment for a structural health monitoring practical model.
Simuladores políticos como prática de ensino em Geografia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Falasca, Victor Angelo; Girotto, Eduardo Donizetti; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197105021122138; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-6188; Lana, Rita de Cássia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1816504631940006; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9557-0193; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0968204772274224; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5964-720X
Esta tesis de maestría tiene como objetivo principal presentar una propuesta para el uso didáctico de simuladores políticos para la enseñanza de la geografía a partir del diálogo con la Pedagogía Histórico-Crítica y el Teatro Foro. La elaboración de la propuesta del simulador político se basó en el contexto del residencial Carandá, ubicado en las afueras de la ciudad de Sorocaba, en el estado de São Paulo. En el transcurso de esta investigación se pudo identificar que existen fuerzas dominantes que determinan cómo se debe concebir la Geografía en el aula, sin embargo a pesar de estos agentes existen pensadores que proponen una educación que rompe con estos enfoques y, a partir de estos aportes, se es posible construir horizontes posibilidades de prácticas docentes que hagan significativa la enseñanza de la Geografía para la educación y para la formación crítica de los estudiantes, siendo los simuladores políticos una de las estrategias didácticas que pueden movilizarse en esta dirección.
Cooling with fermionic thermal reservoirs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Damas, Gabriella Gonçalves; De Assis, Rogério Jorge; Almeida, Norton Gomes de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8394724060015959; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7703787869253387; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3182841849332242; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-6012; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8517-6774
Determinantes da adoção de smartphones e ferramentas de compartilhamento de mensagem por produtores rurais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Mendes, Juliana de Jesus; Vinholis, Marcela de Mello Brandão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5730999136286305; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3033-0230; Carrer, Marcelo José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6178330814144839; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8511-2543; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0368324516973247; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6845-7519
This study aimed to identify the determinants of farmers’ participation in agricultural information-sharing digital groups and their impacts on farm performance. The work was organized in the format of two scientific articles. The first article presents a systematic literature review on the determinants of the adoption of digital innovations by farmers from different countries. Articles in the period of 2010 to 2022 were reviewed in three databases: Scopus, Periódicos Capes and Science Direct. From an initial base of 131 articles, 21 were selected for the purposes of this review. The review showed a diffuse geographic distribution of the studies, with emphasis in Brazil and Germany. The analysis of the results of the reviewed articles indicated a total of 21 determining factors. Factors related to the business and human capital/personal characteristics of the farmers were the most relevant to determine the adoption of technologies. The scale of production proved to be a determining factor of adoption in approximately 85% of the analyzed articles, followed by two personal aspects: education and age (a generally negative effect). The second article presents econometric analyzes of the determinants of farmers’ participation in agricultural information-sharing digital groups, as well as their impacts on farms performance. Primary data of the 2015/2016 crop year collected from 175 cattle farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and econometric models. Farmers who had smartphones and participated in social groups/applications, especially those created to exchange agricultural information, were considered adopters of the technology. A Poisson hurdle model showed that farmers’ decision to participate in agricultural information-sharing digital groups is determined by schooling, age (negative effect) and use of tools for planning production. The intensity of participation is affected by risk propensity, interaction with specialist advisors, use of tools for planning production and participation in cooperatives. The authors also found empirical evidence that farmers’ participation in agricultural information-sharing digital groups positively affects farm income per hectare. The results of this dissertation are important to accelerate the diffusion of digital technologies in agriculture. The diffusion of these technologies is important to reduce heterogeneity and increase the economic well-being of producers.
Integração de cálculo CALPHAD com Python para seleção de ligas multielemento para armazenagem de hidrogênio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Stoco, Caroline; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614; Coury, Francisco Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730
The development of multielement alloys for solid-state hydrogen storage in the form of metal hydrides is essential for utilizing hydrogen as an energy vector. Alloys used for this application must have a good hydrogen-to-metal ratio, high volumetric and gravimetric capacities, acceptable thermodynamic and kinetic hydrogen absorption/desorption properties, and long-term cyclic stability. Within this category, monophase CCC and Laves_C14 alloys stand out. In this context, the objective of this work was to select compositions that meet the mentioned requirements by integrating the PanPython tool, present in the PANDAT™ software, which is based on the CALPHAD method, with the Python programming language, aiming to obtain a large volume of data in a short period of time. 3003 distinct compositions containing the elements Cr, Mn, Nb, Ti, V, and Zr were calculated using the PanHEAR 2022 database in 4102 seconds, of which 2970 yielded valid results, with 745 being monophase CCC alloys and 86 being monophase Laves_C14 alloys. The multiphase alloys composed of CCC and Laves_C14 phases were analyzed, and the composition of each phase allowed for the extraction of additional monophase alloys of interest. For the original monophase alloys, their compositions were analyzed using boxplots, thereby identifying the main elements composing them. Furthermore, the value of the φ parameter (an adimensional thermodynamic parameter used as an indicator of entropy) was calculated for the monophase CCC and Laves_C14 alloys, as well as the multiphase CCC + Laves_C14 alloys, and compared to the critical φ value (20). According to studies, alloys with a φ value higher than 20 tend to form monophase alloys through solid solution. However, when plotting configurational entropy against φ, it can be observed that this relationship is prone to failures. The results of this work open up the prospect of using integrated high-throughput methodologies that combine CALPHAD with Python programs, which can accelerate the development of new multicomponent alloys.
Modelo de Maturidade Lean-Circular para autoavaliação em empresas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Silva, Marina Hernandes de Paula; Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2530443912423183; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2530443912423183
Economic and environmental efficiency are necessary guidelines in the production management of companies today. Lean Manufacturing (LM) integrated with the concepts of Green/Sustainable Manufacturing has been shown effective in reducing costs, waste, and environmental impacts, increasing efficiency in the use of resources, in addition to contributing to improve productivity, quality and added value to customers. However, there is still a lack of a holistic views on such integration, looking at the entire life cycle of processes, products and/or the organizational level. The integration of LM with Circular Economy (CE) can bring this view into practice, however, there are few studies that address this issue so far. Implementing LM with CE and making companies’ processes, products, and the life cycle leaner and more circular, requires a clear vision of the practical aspects to be taken. Maturity Models are relevant in that way as they can help companies understand where they are and what they need to do to advance to the next levels. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a maturity model for the self-assessment of companies regarding the implementation of LM and CE in their processes, products and in life cycle perspective as well. The development was carried out based on the steps of design science research, creating a Lean-Circular Maturity Model (LCMM). After the development phase, the LCMM was validated with 13 experts and applied in practice to 09 Brazilian companies in the primary economy sectors (1 in the Southeast region, 1 in the Midwest, and 1 in the North), secondary (4 in the Southeast region and 1 in the center-west) and tertiary (1 from the south region). The results of the LCMM application showed that some companies are looking for cleaner and more sustainable alternatives before understanding and mapping their value stream (occurred in up to 66% of the companies), thus being able to cause errors in the planning and hierarchization/prioritization of actions of improvement. In addition, the lack of training and awareness of all employees regarding the efficient use of resources was present in 61% of the evaluated companies. Also is highlighted the lack of initiatives related to the management of efficient use of resources in the life cycle of products, which is one of the main opportunities observed. Also highlighted is the lack of initiatives related to the management of efficient use of resources in the life cycle of products, which is one of the main opportunities observed. Thus, the LCMM self-assessment model can be easy to apply, provides fast self-diagnosis, and the secondary sector (manufacturing industries) can be the most benefited from its use. As conclusion, the developed model contributes to the literature on maturity models by combining LM and CE theories with the process, product and lifecycle perspectives, making it possible to replicate the proposed step-by-step for other areas of study. As a limitation, the study does not address the social aspect, this approach being possible in future studies.
Óleo essencial de limão: sua possível aplicação em emulsões pelo método de coacervação complexa com wpc:pec
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Ambrosio, Guilherme Domingues; Albano, Kivia Mislaine; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8588367589752201; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2298-3880; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6655585599396810
The accumulation of agro-industrial residues over the past years serves as a trigger in the search for their utilization. That is, besides the reduction of environmental impacts, it enables the development of new technologies and strategies for application in new products. The citrus juice industries produce a large amount of residues, and it is possible to obtain lemon essential oils and pectins from the different fractions of the fruit. The former is potentially applied and used in the cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industries, since it has favorable chemical and sensory properties in the application for the development of new formulations. Pectin (PEC) has numerous applications, such as gelling agent, and its ability to be used as a natural stabilizer is the object of study, besides having the potential to interact with proteins. Aligned with this context, there is the whey, which is generated in large quantities, and has numerous technological properties when used in concentrated protein (WPC) or isolated protein (WPI). With this in mind, such biopolymers and oils from various branches of the food industry can be studied and developed to stabilize food emulsions in order to encapsulate and benefit from bioactive compounds. It is of utmost importance to ensure the stability of the emulsion, the method of complex coacervation being effective, since with the mixture and interaction of a particular protein with a specific polysaccharide, at a pH that have opposite charges, result in a complex, forming a matrix around the bioactive compound. Furthermore, it is of utmost importance to measure the rheological behavior and characteristics of emulsion systems, because the variation of any component can affect the physical properties and consequently the stability of emulsions, as well as the final product. Thus, this literature survey aims to deepen the knowledge about the raw materials and techniques mentioned, to evaluate the possible application of these biopolymers in stabilizing emulsions with lemon essential oils.
Avaliação do zooplâncton em poças temporárias na região semiárida da Caatinga – a importância do banco de ovos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Morais-Júnior, Cláudio Simões; Melo Júnior, Mauro de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6735233221650148; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7963-1205; Rocha, Odete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0798-3316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4024133620465633; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-7626
The construction of small reservoirs for storing rainwater is a very common action in the semi-arid region of the “Caatinga” biome. Due to the low rainfall characteristic in this climate region, these reservoirs become temporary. Likewise, due to their intermittence plus reduced size and depth, these water bodies are classified as temporary ponds among the scientific community. Faunistic diversity in these environments includes zooplankton, which has functional characteristics for survival and dispersion among such aquatic environments. The present study aims to evaluate the patterns of survival and dispersal of zooplankton with a focus on their dormant structures. For this, four temporary ponds were chosen in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, in the Municipality of Custódia. In them, the egg bank was mapped in all its extension, looking for patterns of alpha and beta diversity, as well as evaluating the influence of the water column extension on the eggs produced by the different species and on the hatching process from the resistance structures. Subsequently, the ecological succession of the zooplankton community was evaluated in situ throughout the entire hydroperiod, evaluating patterns of alpha and beta diversity, as well as variations in species abundance. Finally, sediment samples were collected to be used as dispersal propagules in a colonization experiment of water bodies, simulated in mesocosms. The egg bank portion with the highest zooplankton species diversity and abundance in the temporary pond’s central region, although cladocerans had similar egg abundances in the whole pond basins. Once resting eggs are stimulated to hatch during rainy season originating a zooplankton community initially formed by copepods and rotifers. Along the time the community become richer reaching a peak around middle rainy season in June. Soon after, ponds gradually loose water tending to the eminent collapse. This leads to significant changes in species composition. Resistance eggs produced by these communities are capable to colonize other water bodies with high efficiency, thus increasing species richness in communities already formed, as well as in sterile environment. Egg banks are structurally distinct with variable richness and density spatial patterns, what can directly influence species dispersion patterns among the environments, as well as on their recruitment to the water column.
Produção de zebrafish ginogenético mitótico e meiótico: comparação do desenvolvimento da prole
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Setti, Príncia Grejo; Borra, Ricardo Carneiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5655362515357840; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3377-9295; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4636124789854528; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6773-3856
The development of inbred animals, due to genetic homogeneity, represents an important tool for biomedical research. To generate homozygous Zebrafish, it is possible to disrupt the completion of meiosis II or mitosis in haploid embryos. To carry out these interferences in the cell cycle, there are different methodologies based on pressure shock, with varying degrees of complexity and success rates. To simplify and improve the success rate, this work proposes to develop and test a new methodology, with simpler procedures, based on the combination of sperm irradiation by UV-C for a shorter time followed by a thermal shock at different temperatures. Thus, the development of descendants generated by meiotic (Mei) or mitotic (Mit) gynogenesis, through combinations of different irradiation parameters (28.5 mJ/cm2, 105 mJ/cm2 and 210 mJ/cm2) and temperatures (Mei: 40.40, 40.60 or 40.90°C; Mt: 41.40, 41.90 or 42.45°C), was compared. To confirm the success of gynogenesis, a compilation of non-molecular methodologies was made, adding the use of embryonic metaphase counts. The results showed that the irradiation of 28.5mJ/cm2 for a short period guarantees haploid embryos and good fertilization rate. Regarding temperature, the shock at 40.6°C applied from 4 minutes to 6 minutes post fertilization reached an average of 42.08% of healthy animals at the end of 120 hours post fertilization. In mitotic gynogenesis, 41.9°C showed an average of 11.91% of healthy larvae in 120 hours post fertilization when the shock was applied between 18 and 20minutes post fertilization. Conclusion: the proposed methodology was effective in generating gynogenetic embryos and meiotic gynogenesis generated offspring with higher viability, malformation and health rates than the mitotic technique. Retention of the second polar body requires lower temperature (~1.3°C) and is linked to the developmental stage. Whereas, to interrupt a mitotic cycle, it was necessary to use a higher temperature.
Classifcação binária via Bayes Ingênuo: um estudo comparativo de predições
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Martins, Victor Alves Dogo; Cerqueira, Andressa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2953240904482350
In this undergraduate thesis, we propose a review of the Naive Bayes classifcation method applied to binary response variables, with a more in-depth formalization of the Gaussian Naive Bayes and Flexible Naive Bayes methods for numerical covariates. To compare these methods using the statistical software R, we will use a database containing both numerical and categorical covariates, with the binary response variable representing victory or defeat.
Ensino-Aprendizagem dos alunos surdos: o papel da formação docente de Ciências Biológicas no processo de inclusão.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Lima, Bárbara Felix de; Rocha, Daniele Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0948893650052847; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4532342055224386
Herein we highlight the role of the initial training of Biological Sciences teachers in the teaching-learning process of deaf students, and proposes to analyze the social and historical context in that the education of these students was built, as well as explore, at national level, the idealization and practices involved in special education and inclusive education. Over this course, teacher training and science teaching were also investigated. For this purpose, the methodology used was bibliographic research in three digital libraries, namely: the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (BDTD), the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and the Portal of Periodicals of CAPES. From this survey, SciELO was the only bank of scientific productions that did not present a return, totaling 23 analyzed works, including theses, dissertations, and articles. Through the study, it can be inferred that the current academic training of teachers of biology graduates is not enough to face the challenges involved in science teaching for the deaf in basic education. Making it necessary to employ efficient legislation and invest in technical and pedagogical improvements, as well as to promote the funding of research in the area and the dissemination of materials produced in the academic environment. It is evident the indispensability of effective deaf individuals and their communities as protagonists of their schooling from the perspective of inclusion.
Fatores associados à experiência e dor durante o trabalho de parto e parto vaginal de mulheres brasileiras: estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Figueiredo, Alice Moralez de; Silva, Jordana Barbosa da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6419640145149798; Driusso, Patricia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7871318362010520
Introduction: Vaginal birth pain can be an important factor that contributes to the reduction of vaginal birth rates in the world. Objective: To analyze the factors associated with the painful sensation and the experience of pain in Brazilian women during the labor and vaginal delivery. Methods: Cross-sectional study, which included women up to three months postpartum. Data collection was carried out online using "Google Forms", through two semi-structured questionnaires that included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, presence of comorbidities and obstetric history of the participants, in addition to assessing conditions related to the last labor and delivery. The women completed the Numerical Pain Scale (END) to assess the intensity of pain during labor and delivery. Furthermore, the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire (CEQ-Br) was used to assess conditions related to happiness, a sense of security and control of the woman's situation, trust in the team and the presence of positive or negative memories of childbirth. The modified Delphi method was used in the formulation of semi-structured questionnaires with questions based on knowledge previously described in the literature about factors associated with pain during labor and vaginal delivery. Data analysis: Data were analyzed using the SPSS software using multiple linear regression analysis (enter method), with a 95% confidence interval, and Pearson's chi-square test to verify the outcomes of childbirth experience and pain. Results: Follow-up physical therapy during the gestational period, using a vaginal dilator (Epi-no), the woman being in a public hospital/maternity, receiving a relaxing massage and having the assistance of a doula are positive predictors of the women's childbirth experience,while the presence of complications, the use of oxytocin and the lack of assistance during labor and delivery are negative predictors of the women's childbirth experience. There is a relationship between mild pain during labor, and mild and severe pain, and the woman being in a public hospital/maternity. Conclusion: There are positive and negative predictive factors for vaginal delivery in Brazilian women.
Avaliação e ensino de relações número-quantidade para crianças da educação infantil e do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Vernini, Amanda Rossi; Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9798456492432613
In the second half of 2021, in-person classes were resumed, after more than a year of isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the importance of monitoring and developing teaching procedures to meet the needs of children. The present study had two objectives: (1) to evaluate the repertoire of relating and naming numbers and quantities of preschool children and children in elementary school and (2) to evaluate the effects of teaching the relationships between dictated numbers, numbers, and quantity, through a procedure based on the equivalence of stimuli, applied on paper. Participated in the evaluation of the repertoire, five children from kindergarten and four children from elementary school, enrolled in a public school in the interior of São Paulo. A pre- and post-test design and a multiple probe design between stimulus groups were used. The general procedure consisted of 10 steps, starting with the familiarization with the participant. Then, the assessment was applied with the Protocol for Registration and Assessment of Mathematics Skills (PRAHM) instrument. The next step was the naming pre-test to measure performance in naming numerals and their respective quantities (from 1 to 9). After, pre-training to prepare the child for the experimental procedure. All relations AB (dictated numeral and numeral), AC (dictated numeral and quantity), BC (numeral and quantity) and CB (quantity and numeral) were applied. Based on the results of the pre-test, four children mastered the evaluated repertoires and five children realized the teaching procedure, three from kindergarten and two from elementary school. The teaching and testing stages of Group 1 were conducted up to criterion and again the probes and so on with the other two groups. After the last probe, the PRAHM, the naming post-test, and the Family Environment Resources Inventory (RAF) were applied. The data showed that four children completed the teaching procedure and one child taught the first group of stimuli. In general, the results showed that teaching was efficient for learning numbers and quantities. In the final evaluation, it was verified that the children showed an increase in the naming of numbers and quantities and they also increased their performance in the PRAHM skills. Thus, it is concluded that teaching was effective and developed the mathematical skills expected for this age group.
Métodos de secagem e seu papel na redução das perdas e desperdícios em alimentos: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-17) Amaral, Ramana Heringer Fernando; Cavallieri, Angelo Luiz Fazani; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3986729217794435; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2894985962670582
Drying is one of the most important processes of food preservation, and generates storagestable products, as long as suitable packaging is used. Currently, less conventional drying techniques are more prominent for their efficiency in terms of energy and preservation of natural resources, when compared to more traditional methods, generating a positive impact on sustainability. With the increase of the world population and the current post-pandemic scenario of COVID-19, maintaining food systems and increasing food supply is a challenge for world leaders, especially those in developing countries. Sustainable agricultural practices show greater efficiency in terms of technological resources to help producers to adapt to changes and sustain their livelihoods. Therefore, the use of drying as a conservation approach is directly linked to the reduction of food losses and waste, endorsing the advantage of applying integrated methods, which have several advantages not only in terms of saving energy and resources, but mainly in relation to to the sensorial and nutritional characteristics of the products. The present work shows the fundamental aspects of food drying technology relating to the importance of maintaining food systems and reducing losses and food waste, through the proper application of the conservation method.