Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2023-03-21"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 13 de 13

Saúde mental na percepção de engenheiros de produção recém-formados: desafios no mercado de trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Villela, Mariana Figueiredo Junqueira; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
Concern about mental health has been growing by the part of companies and society due to the increase in diagnoses of work-related mental disorders. The present research sought to evaluate and understand the mental health of recent graduates of the manufacturing engineering course at a public university in the State of São Paulo. For this, questionnaires and interviews were applied to collect the perceptions of these young workers. The results made it possible to identify the main themes that involve this study and the main frustrations of the interviewees in this regard. The main results indicated: aggravation of symptoms, difficulty disconnecting from work, many work leaves, feelings of discouragement, exacerbated self-demand and insecurity, lack of autonomy, excesses of responsibility and workload, factors that directly interfere with the quality of work, health, personal life and professional development of these young minds. It was concluded that it is urgent to implement a safe environment for discussing the issue of mental health at work, in which the members of a company feel welcomed and listened to, associated with the inclusion of benefits aimed at facilitating access to psychological treatments and several others which aims at mental well-being, thus preventing further illness and making the most of all available human potential.
Séries trigonométricas e funções de Bessel : aspectos históricos do século XVIII
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Steninger, Martin Panicio; Venezuela, Antonio Luís; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332
The present work was developed within the framework of a bibliographical review consisting of books and scientific articles that discuss the history of the so-called Bessel functions, and aimed to follow the path of its development until its consolidation as a class of special functions in the fourteenth century. Its multiplicity of applications, ranging from wave equations to problems of celestial mechanics, made these functions appear in the works of several famous names in science, even before Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel found them in his studies on planetary motion. . In addition, this monograph studied Bessel's biography, focusing mainly on his contributions to Mathematics, and some of the problems to which he dedicated himself. Kepler's problem is highlighted here, for which a simplified approach to the one developed by Bessel will be presented, making use of his method of expansion in trigonometric series.
Síntese de ésteres graxos de açúcar catalisada por derivados imobilizados-estabilizados de candida antarctica lipase B
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Gonçalves, Maria Carolina Pereira; Tardioli, Paulo Waldir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8656565092804282
The biotechnology industry is increasingly seeking to deploy high productivity and stable biocatalysts for commercial-scale production of bioproducts. In addition, with global warming, enzyme-based production systems using renewable feedstocks are aligned with the principles of sustainability and green chemistry. Considering this perspective, sugar fatty acid esters (SFAEs) have great potential for industrial use as high value bioproducts. These non-ionic surfactants are widely used in detergents, oral hygiene products, food, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical industry. They are usually synthesized from the esterification of sugars and fatty acids in the presence of chemical catalysts. Nonetheless, this approach requires high energy consume and presents low selectivity, turning the products separation/purification steps costly. As an alternative, the enzymatic synthesis of SFAEs has been studied. In this thesis, we used principles of systematic mapping to write two literature reviews, the first covering research on the synthesis of SFAEs with Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), and the second covering research on the production and recovery of sugars from lignocellulosics to synthesize bioproducts (mostly xylose-derived products). Then, we performed the synthesis of xylose oleate in methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) catalyzed by the Lipozyme® 435/Novozyme® 435 (L435/N435, commercial CALB immobilized on an acrylic resin). Results showed that an excess of oleic acid significantly favored the reaction. The predicted Ping Pong Bi Bi kinetic model fitted to the experimental data and there was no evidence of inhibitions in the range assessed. The L435 repeated use showed a reduction of 48 and 19% in the xylose and oleic acid conversions, respectively, after 10 12h-cycles. This significant decrease in the conversions mainly occurred due to the CALB desorption from the support in the presence of our reaction product. In an attempt to minimize this issue, the next step consisted of the L435 coating with polyethyleneimine (PEI) for use as biocatalyst in the synthesis of xylose laurate/palmitate in MEK. The L435 treatment with 2 KDa PEI prevented the enzyme leakage in the crude sugar ester product and produced the highest enzyme stability in different media (MEK and buffer solutions at different pHs), besides affording a higher xylose modification degree than the uncoated enzyme. After 5 6 h-reuse cycles with the PEI-coated L435, the xylose conversions only decreased by 10%, while with the non-treated biocatalyst they decreased by 37%. At last, the synthesis of SFAEs from lignocellulosic biomass and oleic acid was catalyzed by the uncoated and PEI-coated N435 in MEK medium. After steam-explosion pretreatment of mixed hardwoods and high solids enzymatic hydrolysis at 15%wt solids, the hydrolysate extract was purified and concentrated to a xylose/glucose mass ratio of ~3 to 1. These lignocellulosic sugars were superior to the same commercial sugars as the carbohydrate source for the esterification reaction in terms of sugar conversions. Coating the N435 with PEI prevented enzyme leakage into the reaction medium and produced 35% and 50% higher xylose and glucose conversions to SFAEs, respectively. After 6 24 h-reuse cycles with the PEI-coated N435, the xylose conversion decreased by 44%, while a 65% reduction was observed with the uncoated lipase. In the first two studies, mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the formation of xylose mono-, di-, and tri- esters. In this last one, only xylose and glucose mono- and di- esters were found. In all cases our purified product presented an emulsion capacity close to that of a commercial sugar ester.
Uma proposta de apostila didática envolvendo a temática alimentos no ensino de química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Kunitaqui, Tamires Mieko; Benedetti Filho, Edemar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5963704923612696
Considering the challenges related to chemistry teaching, the professional practices and the manner which teachers teach becomes essential in the students' academic life for adequate and effective learning, thus, the importance of collaboration and continuous learning for teachers is evident, even after undergraduation; as well as the constant search for methodologies to break with traditional teaching. The use of facilitating, playful and more interesting methodologies can provide contextualized learning and interdisciplinary teaching. Seeking alternatives to overcome these challenges, this project presents a proposal for a resource material approaching food subject built from a bibliographic research in consideration of a specific competence and a specific skill of Brazil’s National Commom Curricular Base (BNCC), with a thematic approach in food, specifically addressing industrialized food labels and their compositions in texts constructed in a simple and easy-to-understand language for students based on the consideration and discussion of different social, economic, historical contexts, among others.
Avaliação do desenvolvimento do inseto Diaphorina Citri através da alimentação em dieta artificial contendo Cistatinas de citros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Fan, Karina; Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3714136505392474
Brazil is an essentially agricultural country, being highlighted in citriculture worldwide, especially in the production and export of citrus in natura and concentrated juice. Despite its economic relevance, the crops are severely affected by pests and pathogens, many of which have few effective control measures. Huanglongbing (HLB), known as greening in some countries, is considered the most serious and destructive disease of citrus, affecting growth, ripening, and fruit morphology. The causal agents of HLB are phloem-limited bacteria of the species Candidatus Liberibacter spp. that are transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). As a consequence of HLB, the fruits are characterized by low juice content and high acidity, which make their commercialization unfeasible and lead to serious economic losses. Currently, HLB control is done by monitoring seedlings and using chemicals, but it is a laborious method and not always effective, and may generate insect resistance. Thus, new technologies are needed, and the development of plants overexpressing inhibitors of cysteine-peptidases (cystatins) is an interesting alternative. Hemiptera use several proteases in their digestive process, mainly of the cysteine-peptidase type and, therefore, the interaction between cystatins and cysteine-peptidases can affect the growth and development of pest insects. Thus, this study aimed the heterologous expression of recombinant cystatins from Citrus clementina (CclemCPI-1 and CclemCPI-3) and Citrus sinensis (CsinCPI-2) in Escherichia coli and purification by affinity chromatography. These purified proteins were used to evaluate the inhibitory activity in artificial diet for D. citri, at concentrations of 1 and 2 mg/mL, in order to observe any effect on the psyllid development. In the tests performed in artificial diet containing the 3 purified proteins, a considerable mortality rate was observed for CclemCPI-1 protein, with 26.97% at 1 mg/mL and 48% at 2 mg/mL. In the assays with CclemCPI-3 and CsinCPI-2 proteins, mortality of 6 and 8%, respectively, was observed at the highest concentration. These data suggest a possible interference in insect development. However, further tests will be necessary to standardize the results, as well as to investigate the cystatin-peptidase interaction and evaluate for dose-dependence
Papel da cultura organizacional no desenvolvimento do método Customer Success em uma grande empresa de tecnologia do mercado financeiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Fonseca, Júlia Valério da; Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8471-3216
Customer Success has been increasingly sought after by companies, it focuses on promoting customer success through a better understanding of their needs and greater engagement with the service flow. CS can influence better profit predictability, greater customer retention, increased loyalty, among other aspects that can have a positive impact on the results of the company that employs it and what can influence the performance of this method is the organizational culture. This study aims, through a case study with participant observation and interviews with all workers in the CS area of a large technology company in the financial market, to analyze how the characteristics of the organizational culture identified in the company influence the development of the area of Customer Success. From this study, it was found that culture has a significant impact on the development of the area by disseminating values and objectives to people and strategic areas, engaging the company as an aggregator and alignment instrument between areas, influencing the feeling and collaboration between employees, direct how the company should act to achieve its goals, among other factors.
Instrumento de avaliação de texto narrativo em língua de sinais: uma versão para o uso no ambiente escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Montes, Aline Lucia Baggio; Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3250-1374; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3961195090677393; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-0737
Sign languages, in general, have all levels of complexity and expressive power of oral languages, from the phonetic to the discursive level. However, all the plurality present in its structure cannot be noticed in the narrative speeches of countless deaf children who, given the absence of proficient deaf and hearing interlocutors, are harmed in the process of development and even language acquisition. This scenario results in a significant delay in the development of these children's language skills, sometimes well below expectations for their age. The instrument for evaluating narrative texts in sign languages was developed by Jarque and collaborators (2018) to analyze the narratives of deaf students in Catalonia/Spain, called Valoración de Narrativas en Lengua de Signos – Lengua de Signos Catalana/Producción (NarVaL-LSC/Prod). One of the Brazilian collaborators (LACERDA, 2020) carried out the translation of the instrument and adaptation for use in Brazil, called Evaluation of Narratives in Brazilian Sign Language/Production (NarVaL-Libras/Prod) with the objective of helping teachers of deaf students and specialists of the area to know the structure of the narratives elicited by their students, as well as to describe/score the identified formal elements and follow the development of the narratives in Sign Languages. Thus, this research aims to propose an illustrated version, through videos, of NarVaL-Libras/Prod (NarVaL-Libras/Prod-Ilustrado) for use in the school environment. Based on a corpus of narratives by deaf adults, short videos were created, made available by reading QR Codes and hyperlinks, exemplifying the indicators and their respective descriptors contained in the instrument, to assist the teacher in understanding and using this tool, raising awareness of the macro and microstructural aspects of Libras. Its specific objectives are the description and analysis of the linguistic resources and strategies used in the elicitation of semi-spontaneous narratives produced in Libras, to enable knowledge of the structure of the language in use, contributing especially to the training of teachers who work in the education of the deaf. and who often do not have specific language training for a detailed analysis such as that provided by NarVaL-Libras/Prod. Therefore, it is believed that the NarVaL-Libras/Prod-Ilustrado instrument can contribute to the identification of possible narrative limitations in deaf children and, thus, help as a tool in the organization of educational intervention strategies focused on overcoming delays, when found.
Evitando o encontro dos corpos: audiência de custódia em Guarulhos durante a pandemia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Cinquini, Bruna; Sinhoretto, Jacqueline; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9517189465700545
This research focuses on custody hearings during the pandemic. Custody hearings aim to ensure the fundamental rights of the detainee, but with the Covid-19 pandemic, hearings were suspended and the discussion about conducting them via videoconference resumed. Given this situation, the general objective of this research is to analyze the public debate regarding the necessary adaptations for the functioning of custody hearings in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, regarding access to justice and the fundamental rights of the detainee. Specifically, the research sought to a) map the situation of custody hearings during the Covid-19 pandemic; b) analyze the impacts of Recommendation No. 62 on judicial appreciation in cases of detainees in the Judicial Circuit of Guarulhos; c) understand the representations of key actors and operators in the management of the pandemic in the judiciary regarding the balance between sanitary safety and fundamental rights; d) conduct a survey of arguments and justifications mobilized in the public debate about the conducting of custody hearings via videoconference before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The hypothesis is that there is a reconfiguration of the very objectives of custody hearings to ensure the sanitary safety of legal operators at the expense of the detainee. Using mixed methods, quantitative analysis was carried out through data from the Custody Hearing System (SISTAC) and the São Paulo Court of Justice (TJSP). Qualitative data was constructed through a literature review, interviews with justice system actors, official documents analysis, news and legal media. Based on the data analysis, it was possible to verify that the pandemic and Recommendation No. 62 of the National Council of Justice (CNJ) did not impact the decisions of judges. It was also found that the defense of virtual format did not have sanitary safety as its main argument, but productivity. The justifications for the defense of videoconference are similar to those before the pandemic, emphasizing productivity. Even with all the disputes, aggravated by the pandemic and under punitive governments, custody hearings managed to produce tensions, showing that the state field of conflict administration is not only dominated by one logic, but has ambivalent views coexisting and conflicting.
Cura de refratários à base de MgO via micro-ondas contendo, ou não, fontes de carbono
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Ceribelli, Gabriel Arantes; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
Curing is an essential process for the manufacture and development of refractory materials and is now largely carried out by heating at relatively low temperatures compared to the working temperature for the material, with controlled heating rates and, in some cases, with atmospheric humidity temperature control, through the use of thermal ovens. Another way of curing the refractory ceramic material involves the use of conventional industrial furnaces that operate using unidirectional flames. This conventional process generates a temperature gradient in ceramic materials leading to non-homogeneous heating of the structure, a longer demand for the curing process to be completed, concentration of thermal stresses within the material and generates harmful gases to the environment that are released into the atmosphere. In this way, an alternative that has been studied to mitigate these factors, which on an industrial scale make a considerable difference, is the use of microwaves to perform the curing procedure of refractory materials, since, by this method, the heating of the material occurs more homogeneously throughout its structure, offering other advantages such as shorter curing time and risk of structural damage, as well as avoiding the release of polluting gases. In this work, the aim was to understand the operation of curing and heating using the microwave process through the study of already known literature. Computer simulations were performed to predict the behavior of a material when subjected to the curing process inside a microwave cavity. Experiments were also carried out with physical samples to reproduce the simulation models studied and developed to prove the effectiveness of the healing process using microwaves on an experimental scale. During the experimental practices, resin materials supplied by RHI Magnesita S.A. were used. with a majority composition of electrofused magnesium oxide and graphite, in addition to a conventional microwave device that has been adapted to carry out the curing process in a comparative way with the industrial method used. Due to the lack of literature on microwave curing systems and on the behavior of refractory materials in microwave curing, both the system developed and adapted for the analyses, as well as the sample composition and analysis conditions, were corrected and improvements during the tests carried out to provide results that are increasingly faithful and comparable to the conventional industrial curing method.
A adaptação ao câncer em casais brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Delfino, Julia Luana; Barham, Elizabeth Joan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9702299877602514
Caregivers are of fundamental importance in assisting people being treated for cancer. When the primary caregiver is the patient’s spouse, however, cancer becomes a shared stressor that is faced by both members of the couple. Considering the limited number of studies on the psychological effects of cancer for couples, and the importance of this issue, the aim of the current study was to describe individual and dyadic coping strategies used by Brazilian couples living with cancer, and their perceptions of individual well-being and of the marital relationship. For this purpose, 20 participants were recruited, 12 cancer patients and 8 caregiver-partners, who responded to instruments to assess their use of emotional regulation strategies and dyadic coping, as well as their perceptions of quality of life and marital satisfaction. Compared to the caregiver-partners, cancer patients reported significantly greater use of three emotional regulation strategies (functional forms of emotional regulation, avoidance of passivity, and control of pessimism), but similar perceptions of their use of dyadic coping strategies, quality of life and marital satisfaction. Only perceptions of emotional well-being were different, and, unexpectedly, were more positive for patients than for caregivers. The use of functional forms of emotional regulation, avoidance of passivity, and control of pessimism were significantly related to perceptions of quality of life. Control over externalizing aggression and all forms of dyadic coping were related to satisfaction with the marital relationship. In the patients’ comments, most indicated the importance of practical and emotional support received from their partners. The number of responses was low, but the caregivers described emotional difficulties that they had not shared with others. The results indicate the importance of emotion regulation strategies for the well-being of the patients and caregivers, and the importance of control over aggressiveness and dyadic coping skills for the quality of the couple relationship. In future studies, it will be important to pay attention to the needs of both members of the couple, and to develop and evaluate interventions to strengthen abilities that contribute to the quality of the conjugal relationship, considering the centrality of this relationship in the lives of patients and caregiver partners.
Produção de recurso de Tecnologia Assistiva em laboratório público de fabricação digital
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Matsumura, Giulia Tiemi; Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
3D printing technology has been shown to be one of the most promising in the field of assistive technology. However, it is still not widely used by the general population due to difficulties in accessing equipment and a lack of technical knowledge to handle them. The present study aimed to investigate the use of 3D printers in assistive technology in a public network of digital fabrication laboratories (fab labs) located in the city of São Paulo. The research involved one of the authors in collecting data from on-site experiences, as well as interviews with laboratory technicians to understand their perception of the network's role in assistive technology. The results obtained indicate the viability of producing a functional product at low cost using the support and resources of the network. The use of a ready-made model available on an open source site makes this production process even more accessible. In addition, the network's laboratories are widely accessible, distributed in easily accessible locations, and contain clear and objective information on how to use them on their official website. It was concluded that these spaces are relevant as facilitators in the production of assistive devices and promoters of inclusion.
Metodologia OKR aplicada em objetivos estratégicos voltados a ESG em uma empresa brasileira de cosméticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Anguita, Camila do Nascimento; Guimarães, Márcia Regina Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9250214706491925; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8471-3216
The Objectives and Key Results (OKR) methodology seeks to define major objectives for the company and unfold them in the form of quantifiable key results with the creation of cross-functional teams to carry out activities and define their own key results. Another point that is increasingly debated by companies are goals related to environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG), and effective ways to achieve them, as the importance of this movement in the corporate culture and financial gains is already understood. In this sense, the present work aimed to analyze the implementation of the OKR methodology and its deployment for the ESG area, in a company in the cosmetics sector, through a qualitative research, based on the accomplishment of a case study , through interviews with employees of the organization. The results showed real gains in collaboration, transparency, engagement and a global performance in ESG at all levels of the company, with opportunities for improvement in order to get closer and closer to the theoretical model, such as decoupling goals from variable remuneration and adjustment of ESG goals to the short term. In this way, the implementation of the OKR methodology and its deployment in ESG brought advantages to the organization and influenced the employee's work model, strengthening relationships and the performance of the whole towards sustainable themes.
Variação na estrutura das comunidades microbianas associadas à infecção por Haemonchus contortus em ovelhas Morada Nova
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-21) Silva, Weslley dos Santos; Cunha, Anderson Ferreira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329741640375661; Regitano, Luciana Correia de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9350913025137253
Morada Nova is a breed of wool sheep adapted to the tropical climate of the country and which have aptitude related to the production of meat and leather. Gastrointestinal nematode infections represent one of the most critical problems in sheep production, aggravated by the increase in resistance due to the indiscriminate use of anthelmintic drugs. The present work aimed to identify microbiological markers in the feces and in the rumen content of sheep with high and low parasitic load of the nematode Haemonchus contortus, through network correlation approaches. Extreme lambs in terms of high (N=11) and low (N=10) parasite load were selected after two parasitological challenges by artificial infection with infective larvae of H. contortus. Samples of feces and rumen contents were collected and sequenced for bacterial 16s rRNA coding genes. Analysis of the correlation network, performed using the WGCNA software, identified one module of amplicon sequence variants (ASV) in feces and two modules of ASVs in ruminal contents. The modules identified in both environments are significantly associated with high parasitic load. The results obtained highlight the presence of Prevotella sp., Treponema sp., Fibrobacter sp., Shuttleworthia sp. and the family Bacteroidales BS11 intestinal group as microorganisms potentially involved in energy availability after infection by H. contortus, given that these microorganisms act in the degradation of cellulosic matter in ruminant animals. Butyrate, product of cellulosic digestion by Shuttleworthia sp. and Prevotellaceae UCG-001 sp., has potential influence on the modulation of the immune system due to its anti-inflammatory role. In addition, mucin has a possible influence on the control of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection and is related to the genus Akkermansia. Our results allow a better understanding of microorganisms that may be involved in determining the phenotype in Morada Nova sheep and suggest potential microorganisms as targets for interventions or as markers of H. contortus infection.