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Desenvolvimento de um magneto-imunoensaio microfluídico com detecção eletroquímica para diagnóstico de hanseníase
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Almeida, Sthéfane Valle de
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Moura, Juliana Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7928520348050421
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1532-2304
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Faria, Ronaldo Censi
Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae and its diagnosis is mostly performed by clinical examination. Thus, in this work, two magnetoimmunoassays were developed for the serological diagnosis of leprosy using amperometry and a disposable microfluidic device. The electrodes produced proved to be accurate, robust and stable for up to 70 days after screen printing. The peptides were conjugated to the surface of magnetic particles (pep/MP), being added to the serum sample to capture the anti-M. leprae. The first immunoassay used a peptide sequence derived from the 85B protein. The final bioconjugate was added to the electrode manually using a micropipette. Electrochemical detection used horseradish peroxidase (HRP) with H2O2 and hydroquinone (HQ) detection solution. The second immunoassay used a peptide sequence derived from the recombinant protein ML0405. The final bioconjugate was added to the electrode using an injection pad. Detection was performed with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and 1-naphthyl-phosphate (1-NPP) detection solution. Precision was evaluated by the responses obtained in different electrodes of the same device, in different devices and on different days of analysis, obtaining values of relative standard deviation (RSD%) between 4.8% and 13.6%. Analyzes of healthy, PB and MB samples were performed. Both immunoassays showed excellent selectivity and specificity to identify positive patients, including PB. The first trial distinguished PB from MB patients, which makes it also applicable to disease classification. The magneto-immunoassays showed an excellent discriminatory capacity between positive and negative patients, being able to even identify PB patients with high sensitivity, specificity and precision. Thus, they have the potential to guide the appropriate treatment, improving the quality of life of patients.
Análise dos índices de acidentes rodoviários brasileiros com óbitos no período pré e pós pandêmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Steola, Pedro Ferreira
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Hirosue, Fernando Hideki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4091598921285700
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8249550349719239
The purpose of this work is to measure possible sudden changes in accident rates during the pandemic period, which characterize atypical situations due to the exceptionality of the event. This measurement is possible in view of national trends of variation in the number of claims and mortality rates. The study utilizes national trends in road accidents and mortality rates, comparing pre and post-pandemic data to gain an overview of the country during that time. The Federal Government provided the data used in this research through filters available on its website, which were divided by year of interest. To gain insight into state-specific data, population and vehicle fleet information was collected. Simple methodology was applied to compare total deaths and death rates per 100 thousand inhabitants and per 10 thousand vehicles. The results show variations in these indices between pre and post-pandemic periods, with no standard observed across the 27 states. However, the North, Northeast, and Mato Grosso regions had an increase in the indexes that could potentially be attributed to negligence in road safety practices, driver behavior, and traffic engineering.
Avaliação do impacto dos modos de trabalho de manipuladores robóticos em série para resolução de redundância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Cordeiro, João Vinicius Martin
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Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
Robotic manipulators are increasingly present in the industrial activities of today, being used for various tasks ranging from welding operations to transportation and cargo handling as a whole. Despite being widely used, many times their application is not done in the most optimized way and they do not take into account the best configuration for the handler, causing characteristics such as workspace usage, torque and power consumption are not optimally utilized possible. Starting from the beginning, for a manipulator to be applied in a certain task, it is necessary to do its mathematical modeling in order to obtain the positions of the joints and links of the manipulator, their speeds and respective accelerations, also taking into account the end-effector positions. The definition of joint positions is done using inverse kinematics. The present work carries out this modeling for the case of a serial manipulator of the RRR type, in which, through the calculations made in the inverse kinematics, two solutions to the problem are found, that is, two diferente configurations for the joints of the robotic manipulator, being they are the elbow-up configuration and the elbow-down configuration. These two configurations, in turn, are called the working modes of a robotic manipulator. When assigning the manipulator’s work mode, it is also possible to define the end-effector positions. When the end-effector has more degrees of freedom than the task needs, the phenomenon called redundancy occurs in the task space, so it is possible to optimize the performance using the excess degrees of freedom. This excess of degrees freedom defines a problem with infinite solutions for the joint positions of the robot. The definition of these positions through an optimization process is called redundancy resolution, and can be done through the local method. The local redundancy resolution is the one that observes the gradient of a cost function at each instant of time and decides joint positions from this. With this, this work aims to study the impacts of the two configurations of a robotic manipulator in series on the resolution redundancy to optimize its kinematic and dynamic performance. In addition, through comparisons of the results between the two working modes of the robotic manipulator, it will be possible to visualize which is the most effective working mode for the Cartesian location in which the manipulator is located
Análise por refinamento Rietveld do efeito de diferentes tratamentos térmicos em aço ferramenta A2 fabricado por manufatura aditiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Braghim, Leonardo do Carmo
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Bianchini, Bruno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8443988120967281
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
The Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) is an additive manufacturing technique in which a part is built layer by layer. This process is used for producing parts with complex geometries and customizable densities, such as prosthetics, structural components for aircraft and vehicles, or molds and dies for other manufacturing processes. The heat treatment commonly used to increase the hardness of A2 tool steel leads to the loss of refined microstructure when applied to metals manufactured through additive manufacturing. Therefore, due to the peculiar characteristics of additive manufacturing processes, it becomes necessary to develop non-standard heat treatments that increase hardness without compromising the microstructure resulting from the manufacturing process. The objective of this study is to analyze the X-ray diffraction patterns obtained from A2 tool steel parts fabricated using L-PBF for four different heat treatments: modified normative treatment at 540°C, modified normative treatment at 205°C, shallow sub-zero treatment, and, for comparison purposes, the normative treatment used in conventional manufacturing. Similarity was observed among the resulting phases from the heat treatments, with the normative treatment showing the most significant reduction in the retained austenite fraction and lattice parameters. As the atoms gain energy (mobility) with increasing temperature, higher temperatures lead to increased atomic mobility and diffusion, resulting in the rearrangement of atoms within the unit cells and favoring stress relief during tempering. Consequently, samples subjected to higher temperature treatments exhibited a more considerable reduction in lattice parameters.
Obtenção de um híbrido de sílica e colágeno pelo processo sol-gel visando regeneração óssea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Paula, Julia Helena de
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Souza, Adriano Lopes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4671885302437668
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Duek, Eliana Aparecida de Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4147198882685212
The bone regeneration materials exploring is constantly increasing due to the lesions from traumas, illness and aging, that can cause serious complications and functionality loss. Biomaterials are used in order to stimulate bone tissue formation, improve bone healing and restructure tissues around the implants. The sol-gel process is a material synthesis technique promoted by the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of inorganic precursors in aqueous solution and it can be effective method for obtaining biomaterials. Thus, the main of this study was to synthesize silica hybrids containing collagen and triethyl citrate (TEC), through the sol-gel process, followed by the addition of simvastatin (SIN), looking for a material with suitable physical and chemical properties for bone regeneration. Furthermore, this system through the sol-gel process has not been reported in the literature yet. Therefore, the silica hybrids containing variations of 2%, 5% and 8% of collagen were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), assay amplitude mechanics, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Macroscopically and through the SEM images it was verified the presence of different concentrations of collagen that interfered in the morphological distribution of the silica hybrids, where irregularities and heterogeneity on the surface of the hybrids was observed, moreover in the sample containing 2% of collagen. TEC contributed to the thermal degradation occurring at higher temperatures and its incorporation was confirmed by FTIR spectra, however the amorphous character of the silica xerogel was not modified even after this incorporation. Collagen also influenced the thermal stability of the hybrids, at higher concentrations greater thermal stability was observed. Collagen dispersive fibers influenced the lack of homogeneity and regularities, which were proven through the DSC curves, mechanical test of mechanics and SEM. The addition of SIN was performed on the silica hybrid with better thermal and mechanical properties, which contained 8% collagen. This drug was completely released in the initial minutes of the controlled release test, and it was not possible to define a release profile. However, the assay was influenced by collagen absorption at the same wavelength selected for the analysis and the released SIN concentration values were extrapolated. Therefore, silica hybrids containing collagen and SIN can be applied in low mechanical strength regions, such as in bone defects, injuries, wear and in fillings as an osteoinducer. Periodontitis, an oral disease that leads to loss of bone mass, is an application suggested.
Percepção de professores de uma escola estadual paulista sobre a mudança de perfil social de estudantes após adesão ao Programa de ensino integral (PEI)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Duó, Melissa de Matos Baptista
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Coutinho, Luciana Cristina Salvatti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2688318704089723
Aiming at the expansion of the Integral Teaching Program of the State of São Paulo throughout the state network, changes in the social profile of students of a state school in the municipality of Sorocaba after joining the program were investigated, based on the logic of the reproduction of educational inequality , through the teachers' perception. Therefore, it was necessary to present the main aspects of the educational theory of the author Pierre Bourdieu; describe the changes in the educational policies of the São Paulo network for integral education; problematize the Integral Education Program and characterize the school and the research subjects. A case study was then carried out, with a qualitative approach, through a bibliographical survey and application of an online questionnaire. Therefore, it was verified that, with the adhesion to the program, the school began to receive students with favored economic and cultural conditions, mostly white, thus forming a new profile of students of the institution. According to the teaching perspective, it was possible to assume that the Integral Teaching Program has collaborated to generate selectivity and explicit exclusion within a school in the state network of São Paulo.
Divulgação científica, práticas ancestrais e a ciência dos fármacos: plantas medicinais e educação ambiental no Espaço Interativo de Ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Cardoso, Caique Kapp
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Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8909595303507403
The Internship was carried out in the Medicinal Garden (JM) of the Espaço Interativo de Ciências (EIC), linked to the Instituto de Física de São Carlos of the Universidade de São Paulo through the research, innovation and dissemination project: Centro de Pesquisa e Inovação em Biodiversidade e Fármaco (CIBFar/CEPID-FAPESP). The JM aims to introduce visitors to some popular medicinal plants, aiming to encourage their use and cultivation, to approach in a simple way the drug production process from the medicinal properties extracted from plant material, generational knowledge linked to popular knowledge, responsible for recognizing the medicinal value of the plant kingdom.
Análise das provas de desempenho de touros da raça canchim no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Menegueti, João Guilherme Pedrosa
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Stipp, Danilo Tancler
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2930975168886154
The Canchim breed who was developed in Brazil in 1940 at São Carlos, São Paulo it is composed by 5/8 Charolais e 3/8 Zebu that have scientific formation because it was tested in the inverse proportion, as the breed was developed in Brazil, it is needed that the animals pass by tests to select the desired characteristics. Performance testing is very important in this selection because it standardizes the environmental conditions in breeding, aiming for greater reliability in the genetic differences generated. A performance evaluation test was created for the Canchim breed in which more than a Thousand animals have been evaluated since its creation. Therefore, this study proposed to analyze the performance of this breed through the results obtained in the performance tests held in the Angatuba/Paranapanema region and the Zootechnical Institute of Sertãozinho. To perform these analyses, it was necessary to use the results of the tests performed, in adition to differentiating the characteristics of these tests for each location. The performance test - Prova Canchim de Avaliação de Desempenho (PCAD) ILMA - has differences in the weightings and in the characteristics analyzed to compose the final index that the national performance evaluation test uses, directly impacting the analyses and results. The results of the PCAD ILMA of 2021 was influenced by profitability, a characteristic that obtained greater weight in the general classification index, whereas in the year 2022 the characteristic that influenced the result was the daily weight gain. Finally, the results of the Canchim National Performance Evaluation Test had no influence of a specific characteristic of the index, so there was a change in the percentage of characteristics of the final index in the year 2021 to 2022, aiming at a better selection of animals.
Efeitos do exercício terapêutico no processamento da dor em pessoas com dor cervical crônica inespecífica: uma revisão sistemática e metanálise
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Aguayo, Adriane
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Noronha, Marcos Amaral de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5261019308551828
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Selistre, Luiz Fernando Approbato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1776458133234039
Background: Neck pain is the second leading cause of disability worldwide among musculoskeletal disorders, second only to low back pain. There is evidence that people with chronic non-specific neck pain have altered sensory processing which can explain the modest results of therapeutic exercise. Objectives: Describe the effect of therapeutic exercise on measures of pain processing in people with chronic nonspecific neck pain compared with no treatment, usual care, placebo, and other conservative treatments. Methods: The review was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42022298811). PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, SportDiscus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched from inception. Two review authors performed data extraction. The PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. The primary outcomes were pressure pain threshold, temporal summation and conditioned pain modulation. Results: Thirteen articles were included in this review. We found a small effect size in favor of therapeutic exercises for increasing local pressure pain threshold (measured in Kg/cm2) in the medium term (MD = 0.61, [IC 95% = [0.02, 1.21], P< 0,001, I2 = 96%), and long term (MD = 0.54, [IC 95% = [0.23, 0.85], P=0.84, I2 = 0%). The certainty of evidence (GRADE) for these analyses were low or very low. Conclusion: Current literature does not show evidence that exercise has any influence in pressure pain threshold in patients with chronic nonspecific neck pain. However, the certainty of evidence for all outcomes presented in this review is low to very low, so future studies may affect the results.
Utilização de classificadores múltiplos com modelo de regressão em sobrevivência, na classificação de clientes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Silva, Letícia Aparecida da
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Fogo, José Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7654071774665744
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8568560541872764
Nowadays, in customer relationships, companies are interested in identifying the individuals most likely to abandon a service, in a process identified as churn, to reduce losses in possible interruptions or disconnections of these customers. Several studies have therefore been presented with the aim of predicting this event using multiple classifiers, applied with machine learning techniques. In this work we intend to evaluate multiple classification methods for classifying individuals according to their personal characteristics, using regression models in survival analysis. Initially, the bagging and boosting classifiers were applied and the results obtained were then analyzed.
Reciclagem de embalagens multicamadas poliméricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Yashiro, Camila Miho Nishijima
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Staffa, Lucas Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2896049826673626
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-6903
The objective of this work is to present an overview of the main treatments of multilayer materials related to recycling, addressing two alternatives, both the separation of individual components, including delamination and selective dissolution methodologies with precipitation of one of the components, and the formation of blends in thermomechanical recycling, and their physical and reactive compatibilization systems, as well as envisioning the use of organometallic additives, such as neoalkoxy titanate (Lica 12) to enable repolymerization of post-consumer packaging. With the increasing demand for sustainable solutions, the industry has been evolving in research and technologies that aim at environmental and consumer awareness. The study pointed out that physical compatibilization improves the quality of the polymer mixture, resulting in an increase in mechanical strength and toughness of the material. However, the chemical bonding promoted by reactive compatibilization results in a mixture with higher adhesion. In addition, repolymerization is a promising alternative for the recycling of post-consumer multilayer packaging, as it allows the regeneration of urban solid waste to a state closer to the original.
Análise de atos de concentração no setor de ensino superior privado brasileiro no período de 2012 a 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Moreira, Maria Carolina da Silva
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Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2810339285129049
Higher education is one of the engines of economic, cultural and scientific development accumulated by humanity. The configuration of the sector in the country has undergone changes during its history that culminated in the configuration of the sector today. The characterization of this sector in the country today is represented by a large concentration of enrollment numbers in profit-oriented economic groups, a reflection that can also be seen in the mergers and acquisitions carried out in the sector in recent years. This paper aims to analyze the mergers notified and judged by the Administrative Council for Economic Defense (Cade), in the period from 2012 to 2022, in the new antitrust law. During the period, the vast majority of mergers were approved. Only two mergers were approved under the Merger Control Agreement (ACC) and one was disapproved.
Produto assistivo para pessoas com deficiência visual: projeto de diferenciador de cédulas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Ianae, Lucas
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Moram, Camila Barros de Miranda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0402031545973638
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Fontes, Andréa Regina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4848646681792317
Assistive Technology (AT) is defined as being an area of knowledge, of interdisciplinary characteristics, which includes products, resources, methodologies, strategies, practices, and services that aim to promote the functionality, related to activity and participation, of people with disabilities, impairments, or reduced mobility, aiming at their autonomy, independence, quality of life and social inclusion (BRASIL, 2009). This article aims to analyze the prototype of an assistive product through a case study of a project developed in the Assistive Technology discipline offered in the Production Engineering course at a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. To define the project, difficulties faced daily by people with visual impairment were discussed in the classroom and possibilities for developing an assistive product that could provide a more inclusive routine or day-to-day life were raised. With this survey in hand, the project of a 'note differentiator' was defined as capable of allowing the visually impaired user autonomy during their purchases. From the evaluation of the prototype, the following characteristics stand out as results: low production cost; easy manufacturing in a domestic environment and without the need for technical knowledge; and portability so the user can carry it in their pocket. It was concluded that the proposed development of assistive products in the production engineering course can train these future professionals, highlighting the importance of inclusion in projective activities.
Avaliação da resistência à corrosão intergranular do aço inoxidável austenítico ASTM F138
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-23)
Alberto, Caique Augusto Teixeira
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Farina, Alexandre Bellegard
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9737974992361596
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Rovere, Carlos Alberto Della
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8141224513975606
ASTM F138 austenitic stainless steel is used in the form of plates and screws as permanent surgical implants. Due to its critical application, when compared to AISI 316, this steel contains a processing route with Electro Slag Remelting (ESR), a reduction in the impurities content such as sulfur and phosphorus, and a reduction in the carbon content (< 0.03 weight %). This last change aims to increase the intergranular corrosion resistance of ASTM F138 by reducing the precipitation kinetics of chromium-rich carbides, especially M23C6, which are known for the sensitization phenomena in stainless steels. Nevertheless, studies on the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion must be carried out to ensure the absence of this phase that could cause premature failure of the material under service conditions. In this study, ASTM F138 steel samples were aged for up to 24 h at 675 °C. Oxalic acid solution test according to ASTM A262 method A (A262/A) associated with the use of the Double-Loop Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation technique (DL-EPR) were performed. The sweep range, one of the control parameters of the DL-EPR test, was adjusted to allow the evaluation of ASTM F138 steel. A262/A test results showed a change in microstructural morphology from step, to dual, and, finally, ditches with increasing aging time. In addition, DL-EPR test showed absence of reactivation for samples with step morphology, but presence of reactivation for samples with dual and ditches. The correlation and agreement between A262/A and DL-EPR tests after the sweep range adjustment allowed to evaluate the susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of low carbon austenitic stainless steels like ASTM F138.
Cálculo da energia de falha de empilhamento através da teoria do funcional da densidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-24)
Mancilha, Pedro Henrique
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Coury, Francisco Gil
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730
Due to the large number of possible compositions, multicomponent alloys present a wide spectrum of properties, especially mechanical, when compared to traditional ones. In this context, the use of methods that allow knowing in advance the effect of composition on the properties of these alloys is essential to enable their development with optimized experimental effort. In particular, various alloys that undergo the TRIP (transformation-induced plasticity) and TWIP (twinning-induced plasticity) effects during plastic deformation tend to exhibit excellent combinations of strength and ductility. The activation of these deformation mechanisms is directly associated with the stacking fault energy, a property whose experimental determination, although possible, is not feasible for large amounts of compositions. Computational simulation methods based on quantum mechanics, that is, first principles methods, such as those based on density functional theory, allow estimating this property for the most varied compositions and, therefore, the optimized development of new alloys. Thus, in this work, the two main methods for calculating the stacking fault energy through density functional theory – the supercell method and the axial interaction model – are presented and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. Furthermore, an introduction to density functional theory and related concepts is briefly presented.
Trabalhadoras domésticas e suas filhas: um estudo sobre as percepções de mobilidade social em duas gerações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-24)
Leão, Leilyane Souza
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Pires, Aline Suelen
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8860270341724853
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7075487144200665
This work aims to understand the perceptions of social mobility of two generations from popular class families. The participants of the research were domestic workers who migrated between the late 1960s and the mid-1990s to the Southeast of the country and their daughters inserted in the context of the 2010s and 2020s. We tried to access mothers’ and daughters’ perceptions about their strategies to break with a particular social situation of origin. In the case of mothers, the hypothesis is that they found in domestic employment an alternative to break with a routine of hard and precarious work in the plantations. In the case of daughters, we tried to investigate how elongated schooling allowed the access to other professions different of their mothers' occupation. In this sense, we take into consideration the creation of public policies for education, especially the expansion of access to higher education between the decade of 2000 and 2010. Considering the transformations in domestic work between two generations from working class families, the objective of this study is to understand the relationships among migration, generation, gender, and social mobility in contemporary Brazil. Through the method of life stories, trajectories, and narratives, we sought to access the perceptions and meanings attributed by the participants of this research to their mobility experiences.
Mosaico das mudanças climáticas: um jogo como recurso para o ensino sobre os impactos das mudanças climáticas no ambiente rural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-24)
Calderan, Andre Mafra
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Agostini, Kayna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811221064314369
The impacts of climate change affect the resilience of ecosystems and, consequently, the availability of ecosystem services that human beings benefit from for their well-being in different realities. These consequences are caused by the increase in the number of extreme weather events, such as storms, which imply large social and environmental losses. In view of its impacts, one of the most urgent strategies to be implemented is adaptation, however, little is discussed about how they can be done. In addition, inequalities in access to adequate infrastructure, access to information and awareness of this problem, and the level of organization of the population are limiting factors for the success of adaptation strategies. The school, considered as a space for social and community organization, is also a privileged place for the reduction of these inequalities. Teachers who are in contact with different families in the school routine form an essential group for facing the climate emergency and play a very relevant role in adaptation strategies, due to their potential to raise awareness in school communities about climate change and the possibilities of existing adaptation and mitigation measures. In view of these scenarios, a game is proposed for teaching climate change considering the rural environment. Games can be a potentiating tool for critical scientific learning and clarification on current socio-environmental issues emerging on the planet within the school space, since their proposal can bring students closer to real situations that guide them to reality. Also, it is understood as a source of motivation for learning. It is hoped, therefore, that this game can contribute to the teaching process of complex themes, such as climate change, in playful, fun and interactive ways, allowing students to assume different roles of actors present in the studied contexts and explore, critically, the impact of climate change on different realities.
Avaliação in situ da evolução do módulo elástico de concretos ligados com geopolímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-24)
Malimpensa, Vitória Gabrieli
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Luz, Ana Paula da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3355637348353765
Refractory castables belong to the class of non-formed ceramic materials, which have the characteristic of being able to withstand high temperatures, without significant changes in their physical and chemical features. Although its high consumption is beneficial for the national economy, the manufacture of this material is accompanied by high energy costs and consumption of natural resources. In addition, the refractory disposal must also be done appropriately, as it may contain components that are dangerous for both the environment and humans. With that in mind, there is a growing interest in the production and use of alternative binders to calcium aluminate cements (CAC) with the aim of resulting in less environmental impact and still obtaining adequate performance of these ceramics under the conditions of use to which they are exposed. Among the available options, geopolymers have stood out because they are obtained from the alkaline activation of compounds rich in silica and alumina (such as natural materials or industrial byproducts/ waste) and constitute a binder with low environmental impact. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate and compare the elastic modulus of refractory castables bonded with CAC and/or geopolymers using the impulse excitation technique and in the temperature range of 30 to 1100C. The method used consists of a non-destructive test, which allowed monitoring the evolution of the elastic modulus of the samples along a heating and cooling curve of the specimens. Complementary tests, such as flowability, mechanical strength, porosity and density, were also carried out in order to complement the understanding of the behavior of the formulated refractories. The results indicated that, the castables bonded with geopolymer or with CAC + geopolymer present elastic moduli at least 50% lower than the mixtures bonded only with CAC. In addition, it was also observed that the porosity of geopolymer-bonded castables was considerably higher, due to the greater amount of liquid required in the processing of these compositions to obtain mixtures with equivalent rheological behavior (vibratable flow).
A indústria automobilística como tema para abordagem de gases poluentes: uma proposta pedagógica para o ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-24)
Ribeiro, Jéssica Heloise de Oliveira
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Milaré, Tathiane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461333628046333
This work aims to develop a pedagogical proposal for high school students in order to contextualize the Chemistry content with the daily life of these students through the theme of the automobile industry, in addition to promoting reflections on this theme and its environmental and health consequences. It is proposed, for this, to carry out classes structured in five stages, with the intention of carrying out theoretical and practical activities with audiovisual resources. The realization of this proposal provides for an improvement in the dynamics of Chemistry classes, seeking greater participation and interest from students. With this monograph, it was possible to verify other potential themes for the approach on the emission of polluting gases, as is the case of agribusiness and deforestation in Brazil.
Conhecimento etnomicológico de uma comunidade rural no Sudoeste Paulista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-03-24)
Elias, Amanda Prado
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Trierveiler-Pereira, Larissa
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Baltazar, Juliano Marcon
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8657253415860174
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2351315811267647
Ethnobiology is the study of a society’s knowledge of nature and how it is linked to its cultural and social development. Among the branches of ethnobiology, ethnomicology proposes to investigate the relationship between humans and fungi, their uses, meanings and perceptions. The ethnomycological study in Brazil still has a low number of references and much of the knowledge in this area was generated from studies with indigenous people. However, many other communities in our country can be recognized as holders of traditional knowledge, such as the caipiras. Thus, the present work aimed to investigate the ethnomycological knowledge of a rural community located in the Southwestern São Paulo, more specifically, in the Guareí Velho district, Angatuba. The project used the methodology of an ethnographic research, of a qualitative (stage 1) and quantitative (stage 2) character. The interviews in both stages involved questions about taxonomy, ecology and uses related to fungi. Fungal specimens collected and color photographs were used as a guiding resource for the discussion. Finally, in order to provide a counterpart to the community, two scientific dissemination materials were developed, one for the first stage and the other for the second. The materials developed addressed discussions on traditional knowledge and mycological scientific knowledge, although they have different purposes. The work recorded the medicinal use of puff-balls, the edibility report of the species Auricularia fuscosuccinea (Mont.) Henn. and the playful use of puff-balls and pasture agaricales. In addition, collaborators showed interest and admiration about fungal organisms, their morphological and ecological aspects, but they do not use them in their daily lives. Thus, we can infer that the community is characterized as neutral, since it does not fully fit the classification of mycophile-mycophobe proposed by Robert and Valentina Wasson.