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Classificação de imagens de satélite com redes neurais convolucionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Magiri, Danilo Sampaio; França, Celso Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0222840765557797
Satellite images are used in several areas, such as agribusiness, urban planning, environmental monitoring, among others. These images have a large and complex amount of data and the application of Machine Learning techniques can help in the automatic classification of the information contained in them. This article aims at the theoretical and practical development of a convolutional neural network that can classify satellite images taken from the Amazon Basin, thus being able to be used as a tool for environmental monitoring and detection of changes in the environment. To carry out this work, the Planet dataset: Understanding The Amazon from Space was used. This dataset has 40,479 images for model training and 40,479 images for testing, divided into 17 distinct categories that encompass atmospheric conditions and land use/land cover. At the end of the article, the reader will have an understanding of the theory behind convolutional neural networks from the practical presentation of a model developed and with accuracy greater than 95% in the classification of satellite images.
Influência da geometria de anéis para geração de campos magnéticos inomogêneos em dispositivos supercondutores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Rocha, Maycon Vinícius Rodrigues; Motta, Maycon; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8340540626164812; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-7705; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3590206519788920
Conducting materials transport electric currents very effectively due to their low resistivity. A conductor's electric current distribution induces a magnetic field around it, which the Ampère-Maxwell Law can describe. On the other hand, a superconducting material transports current even more efficiently, as it has no resistance to the passage of electric current. In particular, a type-II superconductor admits magnetic flux penetration into its interior through magnetic flux quanta surrounded by supercurrents, named vortices, preserving the superconducting state. The organization of vortices in the sample depends on several factors, such as geometry and defects present in the sample. The so-called critical state models can describe the macroscopic relationship between the magnetic flux density inside the material and its critical current density. A commonly used strategy for increasing the critical current density of superconductors is to include artificial defect networks that anchor vortices. However, recent studies show that the same result can be obtained by cooling the superconductor under inhomogeneous magnetic fields. In this work, we investigate magnetic fields generated by transport currents in thin films, conductors, and superconductors, varying their geometries. The first part of this work is theoretical, containing simulations of thin films in the presence of applied field and transport currents. For that, the so-called TA formulation was used to deal with the thin film geometry for both cases. The constitutive relation E−J and the well-known Bean critical state model were also considered for superconductors. The simulations agreed with what was expected by the analytical results. They allowed us to conclude that, near the tape, fields generated by moderate currents carried by superconductors are more intense than those generated by conductors. Furthermore, considering critical current data for typical superconducting thin films prepared in our research group, we found that wider superconducting tapes generate more intense fields in their surroundings than thicker tapes. In the second part, aluminum strips with different widths were prepared and investigated to validate part of the simulations. Using the experimental technique of Magneto-Optical Imaging, the magnetic flux density distributions of these tapes were compared with the theoretical results, showing that it is possible to use the simulation techniques employed to describe realistic situations.
Desenvolvimento de um sistema para economia de combustível com rede neural artificial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Andrade, Murilo Lopes; França, Celso Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4803439978090374
This article aims to develop a data acquisition board to identify the uphill and downhill stretches of a vehicle through an LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) artificial neural network, and to estimate the reduction in fuel consumption if the electronic injection was adjusted to take the information from the neural network and optimize the fuel cut on deceleration (DFCO - Deceleration Fuel Cut Off). The data acquisition board is composed of three microcontrollers that receive data from the vehicle's sensors. This data is used to train the LSTM artificial neural network, which is able to identify the uphill and downhill stretches in the route taken. From the neural network information, it is possible to optimize the vehicle's DFCO, adjusting the electronic injection map to improve fuel consumption. This is done through an algorithm that uses information from the neural network to estimate the reduction in fuel consumption that can be achieved with changes in the injection map. The results showed that the data acquisition board was able to identify the uphill and downhill stretches with an accuracy of 96.7%, and that the optimization of the DFCO based on the neural network information can result in a significant reduction in consumption. of fuel. This study contributes to the development of technologies that can improve the energy efficiency of vehicles, reducing environmental impact and operating costs.
A interlocução entre o fluxo informacional e a gestão de processos de negócio: evidências de um mapeamento sistemático de literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Bannitz, Francisco Saldanha; Zafalon, Zaira Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7036249017792544; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6281-1499
Managing organizational processes demands a perspective focused on the use of selected information, which structure decisions and qualify a final product. The information flow involved in this process is capable of interacting with Information and Administration Science tools as a stimulus to innovation and the application of new optimizing management instruments. From this, and in search of an answer to the question “How does the information flow relate to the management of business processes?”, the objective of this study was defined to relate the information flow to the management of business processes. As for the methodological procedures, the study employs a qualitative approach, applied nature, exploratory objective and bibliographic procedure, and for the latter, a bibliographic review was used with the support of the method of systematic literature mapping. In view of the theoretical foundation, it was possible to visualize positions aimed at studies of Documentation, information management and knowledge management as a theoretical framework to support the performance of the information flow in the face of business process management. This, in turn, is a specific field of Administration, focused on corporate business based on the detailed modeling of information, activities, procedures and tools as corporate inputs for delivering a final value. As a result, there was a solid manifestation of Information Science on the relationship between the informational flow and the management of business processes regarding the documental filters of the Documentation, the organization and direction of information from the informational management and the aptitude for the knowledge management focused on a mature and externalized informational behavior for constant improvement of business processes through management.
Ultracold bosons in random lattice potentials
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Souza, Renan da Silva; Santos, Francisco Ednilson Alves dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0500176058863562; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2963018707693962
The Bose-Hubbard model describes short-range interacting spinless bosons on a random lattice. This model is realized in ultracold atomic systems where quantum phase transitions can be observed. When loaded into a deep potential depth perfect lattice, a cloud of cold bosonic atoms undergoes a quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a gapped Mott insulating phase. In the presence of additional random external potential, rare condensate regions can emerge inside an insulating background, forming a gapless Bose-glass state. Despite the well-understood characteristics of the Bose-Hubbard model, a precise analytic investigation of the effects of disorder on the energy spectrum remains unavailable, and a concrete characterization of the Bose-glass energy spectra, as well as its phase boundary with the Mott phase, is lacking. Here, we investigate how disorder affects the elementary excitations of the Bose-Hubbard model in the strongly interacting limit, and study the Mott-to-Bose glass quantum phase transition for zero and finite temperatures. We develop a perturbation method in the functional integral formalism to obtain a strong-coupling expansion for the single-particle Green's function in terms of the tunneling energy. By applying the partial summation method, we calculate the influence of an infinite subset of terms in such an expansion to the spectral function. Using the Poincaré-Lindstedt method, we compute the renormalized expression to the local density of states. We demonstrate that the spectrum is composed of stable-delocalized excitations at low energies and damped-localized excitations at slightly higher energies. When disorder becomes of the order of interactions, the stable-delocalized excitations become dispersionless due to their increased effective mass. In such a limit, the lifetime of the damped-localized excitations increases, and they dominate the whole energy band. We argue that such damped-localized excitations correspond to the low-energy excited states of the Bose-glass phase. Furthermore, by analyzing the local density of states, we show that this spectral information serves as a reliable parameter to unambiguously distinguish the Mott from the Bose-glass states both at zero and finite temperatures. Our results go beyond the mean-field theory predictions for the characterization of these ground states. Finally, we suggest an effective-action approach and a weak disorder expansion for the analysis of the superfluid excitation spectra.
O impacto das fanfics na formação literária de adolescentes: uma análise sobre seu potencial na promoção da leitura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Lana, Mariana Matos de; Gracioso, Luciana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
Based on the observation of Brazilian teenagers' behaviour in relation to digital culture and fan culture, this study analyses the potential of fanfics in teenagers' reading habits and their use in libraries. In order to understand whether this practice could work as a tool to promote the formation of new readers and encourage reading, we investigated its potential use and application in libraries. Specifically, the aim was to describe the concept of Fanfic and its relationship with culture; to understand the relationship between teenagers as digital natives and fan culture; to analyse the relationship between reading fanfics and the formation of new readers; and to analyse, in articles and academic papers, the strategies for using fanfics in school libraries effectively and responsibly. Through basic and exploratory research, using the qualitative method, the bibliography was surveyed throughout the year 2022, and an attempt was made to identify the main trends and gaps in the area. As a result, it was found that the literature on the subject has been published in the last 20 years and that the field of Librarianship is still lagging behind in research into Fanfics as an incentive for reading; it was also realised that the Internet is an integral part of the lives of digitally native teenagers, working in a symbiotic way and directly affecting their reading habits; it was identified that Fanfics can be a tool for encouraging reading and writing, but that they require the mediation of a specific subject.
A Política de Educação Ambiental do município de Tatuí - SP sob a ótica da categoria conscientização: uma análise a partir dos fundamentos da Educação Ambiental Crítico-Transformadora via temas geradores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Oliveira, Kethelyn Rafaela Sudário de; Oliveira, Wander Pinto de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1233497225721187; Torres, Juliana Rezende; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-6702; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8191539371842416
The movement of environmental education as a teaching practice is recent in society which began after observation of a growing environmental crisis that needs to be understood, debated and if possible reverted, since natural resources are finite and necessary for the maintenance and survival of society. The environmental education movement as a teaching practice is recent in society, beginning after observing a growing environmental crisis that needs to be understood, discussed, and if possible, reversed, given that natural resources are finite and necessary for the maintenance and survival of society. These actions have involved congresses focused on understanding environmental problems, legislation, and also a form of education that encompasses the environment and society, thus developing environmental education. There are different approaches to environmental education that have been elaborated by various authors and are known as trends. For this work, the Critical-Transformative approach via generative themes, based on the precepts of the Freirean Thematic Approach, will be used. From this, the municipal policy of Environmental Education in the city of Tatuí/SP was evaluated in the light of the category of consciousness that is part of this approach, to understand its similarities or differences with this category. It was noted that there are some points that are aligned with this category, but first, it is necessary to understand the local reality of this municipality by identifying generative themes in order to begin constructing an environmental education that is Critical-Transformative.
Explorando o teorema de Pitágoras: uma análise crítica de materiais didáticos e uma proposta de ensino utilizando-se dobradura.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Faria, Giovana Amelini; Pompeu Junior, Geraldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7146270419829114
Geometry is a branch of mathematics that is of fundamental importance for the intellectual formation of students. The main objective of this research was to propose a lesson plan for teaching the Pythagorean Theorem through folding. The secondary objectives were to carry out a critical analysis of the Geometry approach, especially the Pythagorean Theorem, in the didactic materials of the Government of the State of São Paulo. In addition, I carried out an analysis on the approach of the Pythagorean Theorem and folding in the materials proposed by the Brazilian Mathematical Olympiad (OBMEP). Based on these two materials, I proposed a teaching plan, concerned with the use of playful methodology and folding. It is known that the Pythagorean Theorem is present in several subjects of Mathematics as in questions of the Brazilian entrance exams and, therefore, we must provide the significant teaching of this subject to make the journey of the students more relevant. Therefore, the main commitment of this work also becomes the responsibility for the mathematics education of our students, creating possibilities for them to be protagonists in the construction of their knowledge. This work was an analysis and theoretical proposal, not being applied in a school environment, therefore, the results collected are merely of a technical and analytical nature. It can be concluded that the OBMEP materials present contents demonstrating the importance of mathematical formalism, in addition to proposing playful attitudes to work with students. The materials from the State of São Paulo present a significant number of exercises, however, there is no suggestion of recreational activities. The OBMEP materials served as inspiration for the preparation of teaching plans.
Eficiência e viabilidade econômica de substratos para produção de mudas de alface crespa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Fernandes, Luana Santos; Rosa-Magri, Márcia Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4166319985147604
The production of a quality seedling is essential to obtain positive results in field production and one of the factors that directly influences the formation of this seedling is the substrate chosen. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of five types of commercial substrates in the production of Deisy crisp lettuce seedlings, from the Super-Seed® line, in order to identify which provides better development of the aerial and root parts of lettuce and concomitantly, select the most economically efficient for the production of seedlings. The substrates tested were: S1 = Golden Mix® coconut fiber, composed of mesocarp fibers from coconut shells and agricultural gypsum; S2 = substrate formed by the mixture of peat, expanded vermiculite, dolomitic limestone, agricultural gypsum and NPK fertilizer by Carolina Soil®; S3 = of the same composition as S2 but with a different index of water holding capacity, from Carolina Soil®; S4 = composed of sphagnum peat and limestone, from Carolina Soil®; S5 = Hortaliça BX substrate by Basaplant® made up of peat, limestone, vermiculite, charcoal, phosphate rock, pine bark and coconut fiber. The design used was randomized with 4 repetitions, where each repetition corresponds to a tray (200 cells). After 28 days of sowing, the following variables were analyzed: number of leaves (NF), aerial part length (CPA), root length (CR), aerial part fresh mass (MFPA), root fresh mass (MFR), dry mass Aerial (MSPA) and Root Dry Mass (MSR). The results were submitted to the 5% Tukey test. Substrate S3 (Carolina Soil® XVI) showed statistically superior results for the production of seedlings in all variables, standing out in CPA, MFPA and MSPA. S5 (Hortaliça BX) obtained statistically inferior results in the variables CPA, CR, MSPA and MFR, proving to be inefficient for the production of Deisy crisp lettuce seedlings. The S1 (Golden Mix® Coconut Fiber) in addition to presenting efficient results in the NF, CR, MFPA and MFR items, proved to be the most economically viable with a cost of R$1.20/tray. Considering the economic viability together with the performance of the substrate, S1 is the recommended treatment to produce Deisy curly lettuce seedlings.
Interação entre famílias e ambientes na fase inicial do melhoramento genético da cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Najar, Lucas Fernandes; Gazaffi, Rodrigo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4506894662453338; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6549-4222; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3152679765363632
Sugarcane breeding is based on selection and cloning to obtain a superior genotype. The first stage, the seedling assessment trial, is characterized by a large number of genotypes where the population needs to be split into several environmental for logistic issues. Thus, this work aimed to understand the effects of the interaction between families and the environment in the first sugarcane breeding stage. The initial population consisted of 287 crosses evaluated in three locations: Araras-SP (CCA), Valparaíso-SP (EVA), and Ivinhema-MS (MS). The statistical design was Federer's augmented blocks design, in which two varieties, RB92579 and RB966928, were used as checks. Statistical analysis was done via mixed models in the R software, estimating the genetic parameters, such as coefficient of genetic variation (CVg), residual (CVr), heritability (h²), and the genetic correlation between locations for the Brix production (in tons) per Hectare (TBH). In addition, selection intensities (IS) of 10% and 40% were assumed to predict selection gains (Gs). For CCA, the genetic parameters were 0.38 (h²), 0.11 (CVg), and 0.13 (CVr); 0.37 (h²), 0.23 (CVg), and 0.30 (CVr) for MS; and 0.33 (h²), 0.16 (CVg) and 0.30 (CVr) for EVA. The genetic correlations were 0.22 (CCA-MS) and 0.34 (EVA-CCA and EVA-MS). Thus, the MS environment presented the greatest selection potential, and CCA showed the best experimental precision. Assuming the CCA family rank and the IS of 10%, the Gs was 0.99 TBH for CCA, but when extrapolating the classification for MS and VAS, the GS were 0.09 and 0.57, respectively. Analogously, when considering the classification obtained in the MS, the predicted Gs were 1.24 (MS), 0.40 (EVA), and 0.14 (CCA); for EVA classification, predicted Gs were 2.02 (EVA), 0.21 (MS) and 0.31 (CCA). Therefore, an evident complex interaction between families and environments was observed since the extrapolation of selected families is not efficient as the selection in the place itself. When considering an IS of 40%, the same considerations observed at 10% are observed. The main difference is that the Gs for the places the families have originally selected present a more pronounced reduction.
Manual de Linguística Forense aplicada em situações de ambiguidade e pressuposição
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Pereira, Gabrielli; Conde, Dirceu Cleber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2630773088169073; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6335070128439698
The manual seeks to provide guidance for the legal area and how Linguistics is present in several areas, how we can use it to solve cases and provide a basis for lawyers, judges and prosecutors, using ambiguity and presupposition as a basis.
Investigação de métodos de seleção de atributos para problemas de classificação hierárquica multirrótulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Silva, Luan Vinicius Moraes da; Cerri, Ricardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-1695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2590190539349649
Classification is the task of assigning data instances to classes. In Hierarchical Multi- label Classification, instances may belong to two or more classes (labels) simultaneously, where the classes are hierarchically structured. Feature Selection is part of the data pre- processing step and plays an important role in classification tasks for Machine Learning, as it can effectively reduce the size of the dataset, removing irrelevant/redundant attributes and improving prediction performance of the classifier. Although many real-world prob- lems are from multi-label hierarchical domain, most related research addresses the feature selection task focusing on single-label problems. In many works, even when the proposal addresses multiple labels, the associated class structure is not hierarchical. Therefore, in this work, we study how feature selection can be used in the context of Hierarchical Multi- Label Classification. For this purpose, we compare global feature selectors known in the literature with flat feature selectors adapted for hierarchical structures. The global fea- ture selectors used were Relief, Genie3 and Symbolic, and the flat feature selectors were ReliefF and Information Gain. For flat selectors, strategies were adopted to transform the Hierarchical Multi-label problem into a non-hierarchical multi-label problem, using the Label Powerset and Binary Relevance transformations. As main results, the global evaluators produced subsets of relevant features, improving the predictive performance while reducing the original dataset by up to 75% of the original dimensionality, with emphasis on the evaluators based on the Genie3 and Symbolic set. Despite the improvement, the flat evaluators were proportionally better compared to the global evaluators.
Levantamento de Necessidades e Implementação Sistemática de Tecnologia Assistiva no cotidiano de uma criança com deficiência física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Silva, Aniéli Dalsin da; Agnelli Martinez, Luciana Bolzan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6769528949964873; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2747690596906923
Introduction: Assistive technology aims to promote the functionality and autonomy of people with disabilities or reduced mobility, aiming at their independence and social inclusion. The objective of this work was to investigate the needs related to Assistive Technology in the daily lives of children with physical disabilities and to initiate a systematic implementation process, based on observation in real contexts, with the active participation of the child and family. Methodology: This is intervention research, through a single case study, with a descriptive character and a qualitative approach, carried out in person at an outpatient care unit and in the natural contexts of the participating child (home and school). For data collection, an initial assessment script was used, with open and closed questions, and the standardized instrument "Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory - PEDI", in addition to offering opportunities for the child and mother to express themselves throughout the research process. Three children's occupations (ADLs, Mobility and Education) were selected to direct the evaluation and intervention process with an emphasis on assistive technology, with five steps being pre-established to systematize the AT implementation process. Results: Based on the needs raised and the priorities established by the family, initial tests were selected and carried out with AT devices for ADLs in general, with the making of orthoses for the wrist and thumb (MSD and MSE), for the activity of the bath and in the Education area, which also reached the fifth stage of experimentation in real contexts. In addition, devices were indicated to facilitate mobility and writing. Final considerations: It was possible to carry out a survey of information that values the perception of the family and the child in Assistive Technology. Given the number of needs raised, it was verified the importance that the implementation process be systematized and happen as early as possible, to optimize the phases of functional development.
Teste de resistência de espécies de pimenta ao nematoide Meloidogyne enterolobii
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Guadagnini, Victória Ferreira; Schinor, Evandro Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2162760988837984
Agriculture has and have an important role in the construction of society, the domestication of wild species was one of the main factors that allowed the transition from nomadic to sedentary life, where man could stabilize himself in a territory. Pepper, of the genus Capsicum, is used in many regions of the world, as well as in different cultures for religious, medicinal and food purposes. In Brazil, pepper production is linked to small farmers who make this crop a source of income. Indeed, the demand for the pepper market has grown due to the increasing exploration of new varieties with different flavors, pungency and colors. However, production can be impaired by diseases, especially root-knot nematodes, which damage the root system and negatively affect production. The present work aimed to test the resistance of ten pepper varieties to exposure to the nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii. The results indicated that all evaluated varieties had galls on the roots, however the Dedo de Moça and Tui varieties were classified as susceptible to the nematode and the other varieties as resistant. In general, almost all varieties had a reduction of approximately 50% in root weight, except for lineage 311902, which showed little difference, and in stem height analysis, it was observed that inoculated plants had greater growth than non-inoculated plants, which shows that the infection did not affect the development of the plants.
Sistema para abastecimento automático em rolo de pintura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Machado, Douglas Guilherme dos Santos; Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
Residential painting is a primary service widely performed anywhere in the world. The objective of the project was to develop equipment aimed at facilitating this task, adding a certain degree of automation to the stages of the service, which is mostly handmade. The stage of the activity optimized by the project was the wetting process of the roller in the paint bucket, which already has some tools available on the market for its execution, but with disadvantages that were mitigated in relation to the present work. This step is characterized by being repetitive and consuming a large portion of the activity time. The study included the design of an innovative device that allows the roll to be automatically humidified by a pumping system through a diaphragm pump, which sends the paint directly to a device located inside the wool roll. The equipment was designed, and later prototyped in a functional version. As a result, it was possible to reduce, on average, 50% of the paint application time compared to the conventional process.
Virulência de Cordyceps javanica a lagartas de Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) sob condições de laboratório
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Costa, Kelvin Luan Soares; Marques, Rodrigo Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8945237946471247; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4474156390163593
Spodoptera frugiperda is considered one of the main pests in several crops of economic interest such as corn, soybeans, cotton and rice. Such characteristics of polyphagia and easy distribution make it an increasing concern for this pest in several cultures around the world. Several strategies are already used for its control, such as chemical, varietal and biological control. However, due to the inappropriate use of chemicals and the use of transgenic varieties without refuge areas, there was an increase in the selection pressure evolved in the selection of resistant ones. To obtain an efficient way in its integrated management, one must seek more action button for its control: in this study, we evaluated if the isolate CG1228 of the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps javanica presents potential for its control being sprayed directly on the caterpillars. We used the following treatments: control (distilled water + 0.04% Tween 80), C. javanica at concentrations of 1 x 106, 1 x 107 e 5 x 107 blastospores/mL, these being treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively. We maintained caterpillars on a natural diet in B.O.D at a constant temperature of 25.5°C and 12h photophase, using “Pérola” cultivar bean leaves as diet and estimated mortality on the 2nd, 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th days after pulverization, for the analysis of the results, Tukey's test at 5% significance level, Oneillmathews at 5% significance level, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Shapiro-Wilk test were used. The second day after application was the day with the highest number of deaths; the highest concentration showed the best result compared to the control.
Algoritimo de detecção de retinopatia diabética baseado em aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Reis, Leonardo Patrocínio dos; França, Celso Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3774676837783325
In this study, the application of neural network and machine learning techniques was explored in order to identify the presence of lesions related to diabetic retinopathy (DR) in fundus images. DR is a frequent complication in diabetic individuals and can lead to vision loss if not detected and treated in a timely manner. The architecture of the classification model proposed in this work is composed of two decision streams that are concatenated to generate the final classification. The first flow uses a U-Net network to segment and extract veins and blood vessels from the original image, followed by an Inception model with an attention mechanism for classification. The second stream directly processes the raw image through an Inception model with an attention mechanism. The proposed model was trained and validated using three combined public datasets (ARIA, RFMiD and STARE). Tools employed in development included Python, TensorFlow, Keras, OpenCV and other complementary libraries. The final model reached an accuracy of 95.4% and a sensitivity of 94.87% in classifying diabetic retinopathy lesions, demonstrating its potential to contribute to the early detection and adequate treatment of this ocular complication.
Um levantamento bibliográfico sobre indígenas surdos e o acesso aos serviços de saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Cândido, Juliete; Cabello, Janaina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4349074907357325; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7221-687X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5238411647421572
The aim of the research was to carry out a brief bibliographic survey about works that point out how health care has been provided to indigenous people and deaf people in the country, considering that interaction is of paramount importance for the process of medical prescription and, also, considering the absence of professional Libras interpreters in this context. Thus, the objective is to present the investigation carried out with the survey of academic productions, identified from a survey carried out by the Google Scholar search engine, registered between 2010 and 2021. This time frame was established with a view to creating the Special Health Secretariat Indigenous People (Sesai), in 2010, and the promulgation of Law No. 13,146/2015, the Brazilian Law of Inclusion (LBI). In the analysis of the work, the importance and relevance of to carry out research on the health of deaf indigenous people, in the sense from raising awareness in the broader field of health to valuing and respecting diversity linguistic and cultural of deaf indigenous communities, also guaranteeing access bilingual access to medical and public health care for this population.
Estudo em diferentes concentrações de água residual de petróleo para o crescimento de Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlorella vulgaris, Desmodesmus spinosus e suas combinações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Freitas, Estêvão Silveira; Lombardi, Ana Teresa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5130537569721565
Petroleum refining involves three steps: separation, conversion and reform. Within all these steps there is the use of water to obtain refined oil. The water that is used is discarded after refinement and when discarded in the environment without treatment, it introduces organic compounds that can be toxic to organisms. Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms and sensitive to various organic and inorganic compounds in the environment in which they are found. Studies on physiological changes serve to diagnose the fate of this wastewater and the impacts on aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this work was to analyze the impacts of wastewater from oil production on the physiology and biochemical composition of different species of microalgae. Three species of microalgae were cultivated in BG-11 medium: Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlorella vulgaris, Desmodesmus spinosus, in addition to their combinations: C. sorokiniana + D. spinosus; C. vulgaris + D. spinosus; C. sorokiniana + D. spinosus + C. vulgaris in different concentrations of wastewater and subsequently determined which concentration showed algae growth. After that, a residual water concentration (5%) was selected for the physiological and biochemical study of the different species of microalgae. The results showed that from 40% residual water there was inhibition of microalgal growth. In 5% of residual water, it was observed that D. spinosus had the growth rate and the photosynthesis affected. The cultures also showed higher dry weight, more carbohydrates than the control, higher chlorophyll a/b ratio. This work contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms by which these microalgae species deal with the conditions generated by wastewater.
Revisão narrativa sobre a importância de esteiras microbianas na formação de estromatólitos e demais estruturas organosedimentares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-06) Turman, Viviane Querollaine Pires; Fernandes, Marcelo Adorna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6709493251686592; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5335-2750; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4441454602426439; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-691X
Microbial mats are complex benthic ecosystems that interact with sediments and form a range of biostratification structures called MISS (“Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structure”), which significantly influence the composition of sedimentary systems, commonly associated with aquatic environments. Microrganisms that form biofilms play an important role in formation of MISS by synthesizing EPS (“Extracellular Polymeric Substances”), trapping and binding suspended sediment grains in the water column and the bioprecipitation of minerals in the EPS structure and cell surfaces. The cells promote sediment biostabilization, which reduces the likelihood of rupture and erosion. The diversity of metabolisms and species found in the microbial mats influence the morphological patterns, as well as the mats' potential to consolidate and subsequently lithify, which gives rise to microbialites. Stromatolites are the best known structures resulting from the metabolism of microbial ecosystems and have a characteristic internal lamination structure, which is a reflection of the overlapping of numerous biofilms of different functional groups, in which there is precipitation of different minerals that end up generating different layers of colors that discriminate the lamination. The specific metabolism and behavior of the MISS-forming bacteria made it possible to preserve part of the planet's past that has little information, compared to geological periods in which there were more diverse and more complex forms of life in terms of body structure. The mineral precipitation of microbial mats enabled the formation of the extensive fossil record of microbialites that fill in paleontological gaps associated with the Precambrian, due to the lack of body fossils. Bioprecipitation, as well as the metabolic diversity and adaptation to extreme physicochemical conditions that microrganisms in these ecosystems usually present, are also of interest in the field of astrobiology, especially regarding the possibility that the soil of Mars harbors life similar to bacteria mat-forming on Earth, or have harbored in the remote past.