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Forma escolar dos aldeamentos jesuíticos do século XVI
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-18) Melo, Jéssica Cristine de; Ferreira Junior, Amarilio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707668618318378
The present research consists of the study of the Jesuit settlements of the 16th century, spaces dedicated to the conversion and education of the Indians. Therefore, the aim is to understand the school form used in these places, where individuals were confined and disciplined to form docile bodies, a concept developed by the author Michel Foucault, in his book Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. For the understanding of the concept of school form, this investigation resort authors such as Guy Vincent, Bernard Lahire and Daniel Thin, who discuss this concept from a historical approach. This research is based on the qualitative paradigm, because presents a theoretical design substantiated on analysis of Jesuit letters and documents prepared by the Society of Jesus, along with studies by researchers who write about Jesuit education, including historians, anthropologists, education specialists. It can be understood that the school form corresponds to a mode of socialization, which is configured according to some assumptions, such as a specific space, its own pedagogy, in addition to organization through rules and schedules. Thus, the results indicate that the Jesuits, in the referred settlements, considering their customs (rules, schedules, disciplinary pedagogies) and traditions of the catholic faith and European principles, acted in the mission of converting and educating the indigenous people, so that could turn them into catholics and subjects of the king.
Identificação do leito regular de cursos d’água com técnica geobia aplicada a imagens de ultra alta resolução espacial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-18) Almeida, Bruna Felix de; Melanda, Edson Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1554762456965991; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9298-0637; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6372533808357565; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-5920
The processes of occupation of the territory by man, in a disorderly way, cause changes in land use that impact the environment and the life of the population. The consequence of these appropriations interferes not only with the landscape, but also with the hydrological cycle of the rivers, due to the permeability of the soil and deforestation around the water courses, directly affecting the availability and quality of this resource. In this sense, laws and regulations were implemented to improve the monitoring of the territory and water resources. In the Brazilian context, the current Forest Code – Law No. 12,651/2012 stands out, which provides for Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs), whose environmental function includes the protection of rivers and also the fauna and flora. According to the aforementioned Law, APPs are delimited based on the width of the edge of the regular river bed. However, the correct delimitation of the edge of the aforementioned gutter is not well defined in the current Forest Code, presenting subjectivity, which compromises the preservation and conservation of these resources. In this sense, there is a global trend in the use of Remote Sensing (RS) for environmental and urban monitoring, highlighting the acquisition by sensors on board Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA). Therefore, the classification techniques of these images have also evolved, with emphasis on the Image Analysis Based on Geographical Objects (GEOBIA). Considering these aspects, the objective of this work was to delimit the edge of the regular bed of a stretch of watercourse located in the Monjolinho sub-basin, in the municipality of São Carlos - SP. For that, images obtained with the use of RPA and subsequent application of the GEOBIA technique were used. The research methodology began with a previous analysis of the rainfall seasonality in the municipality, since according to the current Forestry Code, the channel of the regular bed of a river is defined by “the channel through which the waters of the watercourse run regularly during the year”, therefore, it is necessary to visualize the minimum flow of the river, that is, the periods of little rain. Then, the planning of field activities, aerial survey and image processing were carried out, in order to obtain the orthomosaics of the periods of high and low rainfall and later apply GEOBIA, followed by the validation of the results, through the field truth and application of the Kappa Index (IK). As a result of this project, first the orthomosaics were obtained, referring to the aerial surveys carried out in the months of March and September, high and low pluviometry respectively, followed by the elaboration of the maps by manual vectorization, and later application of GEOBIA, this step consisted in the execution of the segmentation, feature extraction, sample collection and finally the classification through the decision tree algorithm. The validation of the results demonstrated a satisfactory classification through GEOBIA with Kappa Index values of 0.6682 and 0.7102 for the periods of high and low rainfall, a fact corroborated by the Accuracy values of 0.8382 and 0.8727 for both periods respectively. The values found indicate that for the period of low rainfall the riverbed was better delimited. Therefore, the results of this research can serve as a basis for public and private agencies, where there is a need to monitor water resources, for the purposes of preserving the APP.
Atitudes implícitas de estereótipos de gênero de mulheres praticantes de rúgbi
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-18) Tardeli, Lara de Azevedo; Picoli, Ricardo Marinho de Mello de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9960736226025843; Reis, Maria de Jesus Dutra dos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8868678989340770; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6421582130439147
Based on a feminist perspective of Behavior Analysis and on the assumption that sport is na enable of empowerment, this study aimed to investigate whether the practice of rugby by women, being a sport culturally practiced by men, contributes to the reduction of gender bias - compared to practitioners of other sports and non-practitioners of sports - using a measure of implicit attitudes of gender stereotypes. Thirty women participated in the research, divided in three groups: the experimental group, composed by ten women rugby players, and two control groups: one composed by ten women not practicing sports and the other by tem women practicing sports in which female participation is historically considered more accepted. A Sociodemographic Questionnaire was applied, the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) to investigate Athletic Identity, and the Function Acquisition Speed Test (FAST) to access implicit attitudes of gender stereotypes. The results of the FAST were analyzed by comparing the FAST Effect between groups of participants (experimental and control groups). No significant differences were found in the comparison between groups regarding gender bias. The results are discussed and future investigations suggested.