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Currículo de matemática na Educação Infantil de um município do interior paulista: compreensão de número e sistema de numeração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-19) Torres, Valmir Rogério; Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6703-9079; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6155106609363315; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7426-5288
This research presents an analysis of the Curriculum of the Municipal Education Network of Limeira, more specifically the part related to early childhood education. Its purpose is to verify how the contents related to mathematics, numbers and the numbering system are presented in this teaching stage. For this purpose, the conceptions of teaching-learning, student, teacher, curriculum itself and its characteristics were initially analyzed. The analyzes were carried out based on legal documents and Census data, aiming to demonstrate the evolution of early childhood education and its importance for the educational process and for the progress of society. Regarding the functionality of the teaching-learning process, progressive and liberating theories were used, which focus on the development of critical and participatory citizens, relating learning to their social context, based on the theories of Vygotsky, Rogoff and Paulo Freire. In the same way, a vision of curriculum was adopted that does not have the purpose of serving as social control, adopting Apple's propositions. With regard to mathematics, a historical view was adopted and the use of multiple intelligences with contributions from the theories of Smole, Boyer and Mezscach. In methodological terms, scientific research was used to support this work, based on document analysis and Bardin's content analysis technique, which allowed selecting points in the analyzed document that could be discussed to achieve the research objectives. Among the results presented, there was a lack of scientific research on the knowledge of newborn babies and the need to propose educational actions that consider the child's reality and social context.
Visitação carcerária e sua manifestação em municípios turísticos: o caso em São Vicente (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-19) Farias, João Paulo Bloch; Silva, Carlos Henrique Costa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5444248390841543; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2910-6602; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7565122228040383; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2360-2656
En las ciudades donde están ubicadas las unidades penales de São Paulo, es posible identificar la dinámica espacial que se presenta cuando llegan los familiares de los presos. Lo que llamamos turismo socio-familiar penal, corresponde al desplazamiento de visitantes con el propósito de visitar a sus familiares condenados. La intención de esta investigación a nivel de maestría pretende analizar geográficamente cómo ocurren las visitas presenciales en las unidades penales de São Vicente/SP e identificar los detalles de este fenómeno en un municipio preparado para el turismo, donde también alberga un sistema penitenciario. Para responder a los objetivos en mente, el método utilizado para obtener los datos fue investigación bibliográfica, combinada con análisis documental, realizado a través de material puesto a disposición por organismos públicos, específicamente el gobierno del estado. Además de la técnica netnográfica en un grupo de visitantes en Facebook. Posteriormente, con la flexibilización del virus COVID-19, fue posible realizar la observación directa y la aplicación de 16 cuestionarios en la puerta de la unidad penal en los momentos previos al ingreso de los familiares. La ocurrencia del turismo socio-familiar penal puede ser abarcada por la geografía, pues esta ciencia posee metodologías que permiten la lectura del espacio, de la movilidad espacial y de los sujetos que contribuyen a cambiar los territorios. Se encontró en la teoría de los dos circuitos de la economía urbana, en especial el circuito inferior, una forma de entender la realidad penal, por lo que en cuanto a los resultados obtenidos se muestran datos inéditos que describen cómo se comportó el fenómeno durante la pandemia del COVID-19 y las reproducciones espaciales en los alrededores de la unidad que ocurrieron principalmente los fines de semana. Concluimos que existen prestadores de servicios en los alrededores del complejo penal, que encuentran oportunidades en este flujo y así, ofrecen servicios como: venta de alimentos y ropas exclusivas (jumbo). Observamos también el desinterés de los visitantes, compuestos en su mayoría por mujeres, en no buscar y/o participar de actividades de ocio en el local, aún estando en un destino turístico.
Eletrodeposição de ligas de Ni-W sobre aço carbono: caracterização dos filmes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-19) Zacarin, Maria Gabriela; Carlos, Ivani Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-9381; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6122251297187148; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1661-5352
The electrodeposition of Ni-W alloy on steel substrate from acid and alkaline solution containing NTA as a complexing agent for Ni2+ and WO4 2- ions was initially studied. EDX analyzes of the galvanostatically produced films found that from the complex formed between Ni-NTA there was no unloading of Ni2+ ions and, therefore, there was no alloy formation. Therefore, studies of the Ni-W alloy were conducted in acidic and alkaline ion solutions in the presence of aspartic acid, which complexes the Ni2+ ions, and also from the acid solution containing the boric acid-sorbitol complex from which the Ni2+ remains free in solution. The complexation of Ni2+ ions with aspartic acid shown in the species distribution diagram was evidenced by the results obtained in the UV-Vis and in the potentiometric titration. The voltammetric analyzes of the tested solutions observed that the increase in the nickel concentration in the deposition bath, pH variation and variation in the composition of the deposition bath did not influence the control of the reduction process of the Ni-W alloy. SEM analysis of the Ni-W electrodeposits produced with qd = 40.00 C cm-2 showed that the films were smooth, cracked or had globular crystallites depending on the composition of the bath and the deposition current density (jd) studied. EDX analyzes of the Ni-W electrodeposits found that the W content varied with the jd studied and with the composition of the deposition bath. The XRD analyzes indicated, in general, that the solid solution of W in Ni was designed independently of the deposition bath and the jd, and also through XRD analysis, the calculated grain size showed that the W content presented in the films evolved in different grain sizes. The testicles of adhesion of the films visited that, for the most part, the Ni-W films had good adhesion to the steel substrate. Open circuit potential (Eca) studies as well as polarization studies have found that Ni-W films protect steel from corrosion
Biorreator da 5’-deoxi-5’-metiltioadenosina fosforilase: do desenvolvimento a aplicação em ensaios de afinidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-19) Rodrigues, Juliana Gomes; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3527738525140248
5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is an enzyme present in many organisms, including the parasite Schistosoma mansoni, which causes schistosomiasis. The classic MTAP enzymatic assay is coupled to the reaction of another enzyme and indirectly measures adenine formation. The main disadvantage of these coupled assays is that any interference in the activity of the second enzyme directly affects the activity of the main enzyme. Therefore, an LC-UV chromatographic method was developed and validated to directly monitor the catalytic activity of MTAP in the conversion of adenosine substrate into adenine. The enzyme was covalently linked to the surface of magnetic particles, to obtain a bioreactor that was applied in the screening of molecules in extracts of natural products, through the affinity selection mass spectrometry technique. For this purpose, the test known as ligand fishing was developed and applied to prospect for ligands in methanolic extracts of the marine sponge Topsentia ophiraphidites and the stem bark of Aspidosperma macrocarpon. Among the Feature-Based Molecular Networking, the MZmine software was used for the processing and interpretation of the fingerprint chromatograms obtained by LC-HRMS of the assay. Subsequently, the Ichthus software was used to align the molecular characteristics, calculate the affinity ratio and thus distinguish the selective ligands for the enzyme. The binders were inspected manually through analyzes in the chemical profile of the extracts of natural products and in the blank sample, to discard the artifacts. After selection, the ligands were submitted to the dereplication process with the support of platforms such as GNPS and databases such as Dictionary of Natural Products, KNApSAcK Core System, MassBank, PubChem, SciFinder, LIPID MAPS and HMDB.
Efeito da redução de comportamento sedentário associado ao treinamento multicomponente na composição corporal de idosos: ensaio clínico randomizado controlado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-04-19) Lee, Stefany; Takahashi, Anielle Cristhine de Medeiros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8336705133403404; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1263-2833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5720440002978457; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2103-6160
Introduction: Body composition changes occur in the aging process leading to an increase in fat mass and a decline in lean mass. Physical exercise can cause changes in body composition, but it is unclear whether reducing sedentary behavior (SB) also produces positive effects. Objective: To assess whether adopting self-management strategies (SMS) associated with a multicomponent training compared to a multicomponent training alone can improve the body composition of older adults who were physically active before the pandemic. Methods: A single-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was performed. Forty-five older adults were divided into two groups: Multi and Multi+SMS. The Multi (aerobic, muscular resistance, balance and flexibility) lasted 16 weeks (3x week, 50 minutes/session). The SMS consisted of goals and weekly telephone follow-up calls. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the time spent in SB using the ActivPAL3™ accelerometer. A generalized mixed linear model was performed (fixed factors: time, group and interaction and random factor: subjects). Results: Both groups reduced time in SB, increased lean mass index, reduced the fat mass index and fat mass percentage. There was no change in the appendicular lean mass index. Conclusion: SMS to reduce SB did not potentiate the effects of Multi on the body composition of older adults. Offering physical exercise programs to older adults who have similar characteristics to those in our study may be enough to reduce SB and improve their body composition.