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Bolhas racionais nos setores da b3 e eleição para presidente do Brasil de 2022
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-19) Ribeiro, Tomás Nogueira; Silva Junior, Geraldo Edmundo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5138808982229139; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7110-4689; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4144979322737745; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5684-3566
A presidential election process can generate rational expectations of a ‘risk premium’ among investors, with a speculative bias due to political uncertainty, allowing for the occurrence of explosive behavior in stock prices. In this study, stock prices were used at 5-minute intraday intervals to identify and date episodes of rational bubbles (explosive dynamics) in the sectors of B3 (Brazilian Stock Exchange and Over-the-Counter Market) throughout the Brazilian electoral process of 2022: comprising between the 5th business day after the start of electoral propaganda (08/23/2022) until the 15th business day after the second round (11/18/2022), totaling 60 trading sessions. To this end, the Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller test was applied in a panel configuration (Panel GSADF), with each B3 sector being a data panel. The following question was sought to be answered: during the Brazilian electoral period of 2022, were there rational bubbles in the B3 sectors? With the Panel GSADF test methodology, it was possible to detect multiple bubble episodes in the Oil, Gas and Biofuel (2 episodes), Health (2 episodes) and Information Technology (5 episodes) sectors. November 16th presented bubble episodes in these three sectors, with the Health sector having the longest explosive behavior. The studies and results presented in this work may be useful for theoretical and empirical researchers, economic authorities and private sector agents in order to become aware of mechanisms to identify bubbles in financial markets and measure their extensions.
Estudos sobre o uso medicinal da Cannabis: uma análise a partir do campo informacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-19) Semensato, Camilo Ramos; Zafalon, Zaira Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6140260163908455; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7028-5385
Cannabis, popularly known in Brazil as "marijuana", has been used culturally by humans for millennia. It is indicated that, currently, its use is associated with several purposes: medicinal, gastronomic, industrial and social (known as "recreational", and also named as "adult use"). This research presents from a historical perspective, the social developments of the illegality of Cannabis, the cultural context of Cannabis, in addition to the industrial use and medicinal use of Cannabis. Particularities about the development of science, the characteristics of scientific communication and the development of scientific journals are discussed. This research found answers, in scientific periodicals specialized in Cannabis, regarding the status of its medicinal use. As for the method used to identify the universe to be researched, it allowed the identification of scientific journals in Ulrich's, which has an editorial scope focused on Cannabis studies, available in open access, namely: [1] Cannabis, [2] Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research, [3] Journal of Cannabis Research and [4] Medical Cannabis and Cannabinoids. In addition, it was confirmed that the pathways that characterize open access publications expand the reach of scientific communication and optimize access to the publications themselves, also amplify the social value of research, the value of funding agencies and research institutions. The reading and analysis of the keywords, title and abstract of each material allowed the identification of thematic nuclei of the documents, enabling the creation of categories of analysis according to Bardin's (1977) proposal. The following research themes were identified: treatment of pain of different origins; use of cannabinoids as substitutes for other medications; management of endometriosis; treatment for arthritis; treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases; treatment for sickle cell disease; treatment for cachexia; treatment for refractory stuttering; treatment for anxiety; medicinal use of Cannabis for COVID-19; self-medication with Cannabis; treatments for Cannabis overuse disorders; drug interactions; cannabidiol (CBD); other cannabinoids; chemical components of Cannabis and its derivatives; perioperative uses of Cannabis; consumption patterns for medicinal purposes; healthcare professionals; patients using Cannabis for medicinal purposes; studies and reviews. It is stated that the therapeutic potential of Cannabis is vast, a fact that allows the topic to assume a significant role in scientific studies soon, as well as to expand its own use in medicine.
Desenvolvimento de software e modelos para análise de nutrientes em material vegetal utilizando espectroscopia de emissão óptica com plasma induzido por laser (LIBS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-19) Silva, Kleydson Stênio Gaioso da; Milori, Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7400112076142555; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1253-7174; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0035125752399229; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-9712
With the increasing population and demand for food, increasing crop productivity without expanding agricultural land is a crucial challenge. Soil chemical analysis and foliar diagnosis are important tools to ensure healthy plant development, assisting in the decision-making process for the appropriate and sustainable application of inputs, especially fertilizers, amendments, and pesticides. In this context, the LIBS technique stands out for allowing quick and multi-elemental analysis with minimal or no sample preparation. LIBS also has a wide range of configurations, with the most common being single-pulse (SP-LIBS) and double-pulse (DP-LIBS) configurations. However, analyzing data generated by LIBS is complex, requiring automation. This work presents the development of a software called LIBSsa, which automates the analysis of LIBS data to develop quantification models of macro and micronutrients in sugarcane, coffee, and soybean leaves. The software was created in Python, a widely used language in both scientific and corporate environments, mainly for being open-source and offering a wide range of scientific tools. In addition, protocols for foliar analysis with LIBS were proposed, using two sets of samples: Set 1, measured in a DP-LIBS system, and Set 2, measured in an SP-LIBS system. Promising results were obtained, where for Set 1 samples, quantification models were obtained for Ca, Mg, Mn, and P, with calibration and validation correlations above 83%, while for Set 2 samples, quantification models were obtained for Al, Cu, Fe, K, and Zn, with calibration and validation correlations above 70%. All results were obtained using LIBSsa, which proved to be intuitive and computationally efficient, in addition to having open-source code, offering a promising path for quick and accurate nutrient analysis in plants using LIBS.
Ensino de ciências por investigação: subsídios formativos para a formação inicial de professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-19) Fernandes, Beatriz Pires; Milaré, Tathiane; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-1769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4677461756837182
The inquiry-based teaching is configured as a didactic approach and in recent years has been highlighted, mainly by the characteristic of changing the dynamics of practices in order to attract students' attention to scientific issues and promoting scientific literacy. In order to keep the effectiveness of the investigative process in school units, it is important for future science teachers to know and be able to carry out investigative activities. To this end, it is necessary to discuss and analyze how initial training courses consider and should consider this issue. Faced with the need to achieve initial training from this perspective, the present research seek to identify which training subsidies are necessary for undergraduates in science to build knowledge teachers related to inquiry-based teaching and to analyze the development of these subsidies so that they help pedagogical actions related to the planning and application of investigative activities through a systematic literature review, the development of an formative activity, the Curricular Activity to Integrate Teaching, Research and Extension (ACIEPE) and the promotion of strategies. Therefore, for the analysis of the data the methodology of content analysis was used. The results pointed out by the literature show five possibilities of training subsidies, namely: Theoretical Foundation; Practical Opportunities; Collectivity; Reflection; and Formative Changes. Moreover, it was also possible to observe two more manners of training subsidies, pointed out by undergraduates and teachers, namely: Language adaptations and Knowledge and Legal Support. From this, it was possible to draw relationships between the results and propose possibilities and ways of approaching such subsidies in initial training.