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Avaliação do efeito da adição de opacificantes na microestrutura de cerâmicas refratárias macroporosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Santos, Príscylla Ferreira dos; Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1711-9804; Muche, Dereck Nills Ferreira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6542991023278848; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8105829548941114; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9908-3250; Salvini, Vânia Regina; Gunnewiek, Rodolfo Foster Klein; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793023364992813; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5185829124608696; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-8919; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8074-3100
The refractory ceramic materials used in thermal insulation can be classified into three large groups: insulating bricks and concrete, fiber-based refractories and macroporous ceramics. Such macroporous ceramics, commonly present high porosity, controlled permeability, high chemical and dimensional stability at high temperatures, low density, and have aroused technological interest. Opacifying agents (e.g. SiC, TiO2, ZrSiO4) are usually added to macroporous refractory ceramics with the aim of increasing the absorption of infrared radiation and reducing the thermal conductivity in order to reduce the heat transfer by radiation and the conductivity total thermal at high temperatures. However, the introduction of these additives can generate side effects to the material properties. Thus, the present work aimed to obtain a better understanding of the manufacture of macroporous ceramics by the direct foaming processing route, as well as to evaluate the properties of macroporous ceramics based on alumina regarding the addition of opacifying agents ZnO, TiO2, Nb2O5 and the combination between them, being ZnO-TiO2 (equimolar) in concentrations of up to 2.8 mol%. For this, the different compositions were characterized according to their post-burning linear variation, total porosity, mechanical resistance, apparent density, quantitative mineralogical composition, refractoriness under load and microstructural analysis from the scanning electron microscope.
Modelagem física de plataformas de transferência de carga reforçadas com geossintéticos utilizando um sistema estratificado de solos transparentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Santos, Dhionata Wyllian Moreira; Zornberg, Jorge Gabriel; Portelinha, Fernando Henrique Martins; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0791082339645058; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0414297792814086
Trapdoor tests have been commonly used in laboratory environments to simulate the behavior of piled embankments. Although this set can be simply represented by a system of trapdoors, the complexity imposed by the interaction between the granular layer, soft soil and the piles demands further investigations. In addition, limited studies have been carried out to investigate the deformation patterns and internal mechanisms of load transfer platforms reinforced with geosynthetics. This type of investigation is intrinsically complex in view of the interaction between the different components. Therefore, complete understanding depends on both qualitative and quantitative analyses, considering the performance of all components. This study proposes the use of a layered transparent system to evaluate the behavior of load transfer platforms reinforced with geosynthetic through experimentation by physical models. This approach involved the use of two families of transparent soils: fused quartz and Laponite RD. The layered models of transparent soils proved to consistently simulate the behavior of piled embankments. The Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique was used to monitor the displacement field of the layered systems. The physical models’ responses produced deformations that followed the triangular expanding pattern. Furthermore, the deflection pattern of load transfer platforms was found to behave similarly to continuous concrete beams subjected to bending. The presence of geosynthetic reinforcement reduced, in general, the displacements and deformations of the models. From the point of view of load transfer, the use of geosynthetics reduces the effect of soil arching only when they are located within the tensile zone of the granular layer.
Estudo empírico sobre os facilitadores para adequação dos sistemas de medição de desempenho às tecnologias da Indústria 4.0
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Lopes, Marcelo Almir; Martins, Roberto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9168-1416; Oprime, Pedro Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6213-2223; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0493036854014661; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5975-2037
Performance measurement systems (PMS) are fundamental components of performance management, particularly in light of the rapid transformations occurring within organizations' internal and external environments. As a result, there is a growing need for dynamic and resilient PMS capable of adapting to these changes. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies, in particular, hold significant potential for enhancing PMS. However, the implementation of these technologies within PMS is a complex process and is susceptible to various barriers. Consequently, it is essential to identify the enablers that facilitate this implementation process to effectively adapt PMS in the context of I4.0. Therefore, this thesis aims to analyze the most relevant enablers in the implementation process of I4.0 technologies in PMS, applying the Fuzzy DEMATEL method. For this purpose, a scientific mapping and systematic literature review were initially carried out to comprehensively understand the research field and identify the primary studies and contributions related to I4.0 technologies in PMS, as well as the key enablers involved in their implementation process. Subsequently, the Fuzzy DEMATEL method was applied to select and rank the most significant enablers based on expert opinion. The findings unfold that I4.0 technologies have a positive impact on PMS, specifically in terms of enhancing strategic management decisions. By leveraging I4.0 technologies such as cyber-physical systems, internet of things, big data analytics, simulation, and virtualization techniques within PMS, organizations can foster intelligent, decentralized, autonomous, and real-time decision-making in a broader network involving all stakeholders. The application of the Fuzzy DEMATEL method pointed out the most significant enablers for the implementation of I4.0 technologies in PMS and prioritized as follows: "Accessibility and data integration," "Data quality," and "Clarity on the economic benefits of implementing I4.0 technologies in PMS"; "Top management support"; "Adequate digital infrastructure"; "Qualified employees" and "Continuous training of employees"; and "Creation of government policies and incentives". In conclusion, this thesis contributes to understanding of the enablers required for the effective adoption of I4.0 technologies in PMS.
Estudantes com autismo e a preparação para o mundo do trabalho: um estudo sobre a educação profissional de nível médio no IFBA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Ferreira, Vânia da Silva; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-623X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7413760209773707; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-4339
The present study aimed to investigate how the professional training of students with ASD at a Federal Institute of Bahia has been consolidating, using information obtained from the students themselves, as well as from their teachers, support professionals and family members. The specific objectives of the study were: i) to analyze the perspectives of teachers, support professionals, students and family members regarding the insertion of students with ASD in the common spaces of regular teaching of secondary professional education and ii) to investigate the conditions offered in this training for the inclusion and permanence of students with ASD. The study was carried out on one of the twenty-two campuses of the Federal Institute of Bahia and involved 18 participants, 03 students with ASD, 10 teachers who teach classes for these students, 02 school support professionals and 03 family members, this study guided by an exploratory descriptive method. The study took place in the following stages: data collection, which took place through a script of semi-structured interviews with all participants, with questions prepared according to four categories: 1) School inclusion; 2) Pedagogical practices adopted by teachers; 3) Prospects for the future of students and their families regarding professional training; 4) Relationships between peers (execution of group activities and friendship bonds) carried out through Google Meet and in the study on formative and acting experiences in the service of students with ASD. Data analysis was based on the technique of content analysis using the Atlas.Ti software in the organization and categorization of data and with the theoretical support of the literature on special education and ASD. The survey results revealed important information about the positive aspects and points to be improved in the experiences of students with ASD in high school professional education. The crucial importance of the teaching staff and support professionals in the school inclusion of these students was highlighted. Adequate training, which includes the implementation of a functional curriculum and the strengthening of the relationship between teacher and student, proved to be essential to facilitate the teaching and learning process. In addition, families play an essential role in the academic trajectory, fighting for the rights and access to education for their children with ASD. It is necessary to provide more assertive guidance to students with ASD regarding their professional choice, as the results indicated difficulties in understanding this process and future prospects after completing the course.
Estudo do tratamento térmico de envelhecimento em patamar simples e duplo da liga UNS N09925
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Toledo, Breno Mussy Feres; Farina, Alexandre Bellegard; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9737974992361596; Coury, Francisco Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9101311560790999
It is well known that several researches related to the development of renewable and alternative energy sources are currently in course. However, with the continuous increase on energy demand around the world, it is still necessary to explore other energy resources, mainly on oil and gas field, available in extremely aggressive environments such as the deep-sea water levels. In order to reach such natural reservoirs and extract its resources, new classes of nickel-based superalloys were developed, offering better combination of properties to handle the application in these aggressive environments with higher-pressure levels, avoiding equipment failure due to Hydrogen embrittlement and stress corrosion cracking. Particularly, the alloy UNS N09925 presents superior mechanical resistance when compared to other similar alloys and keeps its excellent corrosion resistance, which allows us to use it for larger dimension parts and component manufacturing, such as tubular systems, valves, hangers, shafts, and fasteners. This characteristic is related to its primary strengthening mechanism called precipitation hardening. This mechanism is related to the precipitation of γ′ − Ni3(Al, Ti) in the austenitic matrix of the alloy, which contributes to restrict dislocation movement. However, it is well known that deleterious phases such as sigma (σ) and eta (η) also can form during the material aging cycle. Therefore, it is of great importance to improve our knowledge about this heat treatment of the alloy UNS N09925. With such knowledge, it becomes possible to choose adequate aging temperatures and time parameters to optimize the heat treatment cycle, commonly performed in two steps, in order to maximize the alloy aging potential. As a result, one can expect an increase in the mechanical resistance of the alloy and reduced precipitation of unwanted deleterious phases in the austenitic matrix, avoiding loss of toughness, ductility and corrosion resistance.
Percepciones de los estudiantes de licenciatura en ciencias naturales sobre la educación inclusiva y el Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA): elaboración de una guía de orientaciones
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Sapuyes Medina, Zulma; Gonçalves, Adriana Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3907378784787581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-2001; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7530520414429235; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9525-4534
El proceso de educación inclusiva en Colombia ha seguido orientaciones que los entes internacionales en diferentes momentos han establecido, se ha planteado que esta debe estar dirigida a todos los participantes permitiendo la diversidad y desarrollándose en equidad, para lo cual, los docentes son claves, al ser los encargados directos del contacto con los estudiantes, por ello la formación de los mismos es de gran importancia para alcanzar esta meta. El Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) afirma que una de las formas de mejorar la inclusión es por medio del Diseño Universal para el Aprendizaje (DUA) por ello es importante que los maestros conozcan sobre el mismo. Debido a lo anterior, el objetivo este trabajo fue analizar las percepciones de los estudiantes de la licenciatura en el área de ciencias naturales sobre la educación inclusiva y analizar la evaluación que los estudiantes de licenciatura en ciencias naturales realizaron a una guía de orientaciones sobre el diseño universal para el aprendizaje (DUA) en el área. La investigación se desarrolló en tres universidades de Colombia, fue de tipo descriptivo y tuvo dos fases, una primera que recogió por medio de un cuestionario cerrado las percepciones de treinta participantes sobre el DUA y la educación inclusiva, el análisis de los datos fue cuantitativo -a través de gráficas que permitían ver la relación numérica- y cualitativo por medio de la selección de categorías que permiten evidenciar la temática central de las respuestas. Con los resultados de la primera fase, se elaboró una guía de orientación sobre la educación inclusiva y el DUA que fue analizada por cinco participantes que decidieron continuar en la segunda fase, esta se dio por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada en la que se pedía las opiniones sobre guía; del proceso se hizo la transcripción y el análisis de contenido para encontrar las clases temáticas que agruparon la información aportada. Como resultados de la primera fase se encontró que los participantes indican un bajo conocimiento en los procesos, temas y políticas relacionadas con la educación inclusiva, al igual que en lo relacionado al DUA y las posibilidades que este tiene en las ciencias naturales, afirmando no saber cómo aplicarlo dentro del área; de la segunda fase, se concluyó que el área puede ser visualizada desde el desarrollo de las competencias por medio del DUA y este puede ser una opción para que se den los procesos de educación inclusiva, sin embargo los participantes indican que necesitan mejoras en los programas de formación de maestros y un apoyo continuo de los equipos interdisciplinarios de las instituciones, para tener una formación continua y poder desarrollar propuestas que permitan mejorar los ambiente en las instituciones educativas. De esta manera se concluye que la guía permitió mejorar la visión sobre el DUA y la forma de aplicarlo en las ciencias naturales para que puedan darse los procesos de educación inclusiva en los futuros ambientes de aprendizaje y se pueda enseñar pensando desde la diversidad de una forma más universal con prácticas innovadoras.
Um controlador Fuzzy-Adaptativo em cascata com Multi-Sensores para o aumento da exatidão na posição do AGV seguidor de linha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Reis, Wallace Pereira Neves dos; Morandin Júnior, Orides; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-100X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5790520582500572; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-7848
Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) have been used in manufacturing environments for over five decades. The technologies applied to AGVs advanced along with electronics and computing technology progress, which increased vehicles' sensory and processing capacity. Currently, such vehicles are applied to internal logistics systems and industries' shop floor, but they are also used in different environments. As a guided system, position control is essential for the system. A good control system performance allows a safe application of AGV in the environment and impacts the performance of a production line, for example. Many solutions have been proposed in the literature. However, there are still factors that still need to be considered. Two of these factors are vehicle dynamics under different load conditions and the application of multiple measurements to reduce measurement uncertainties and improve controller performance. Since AGV is a complex system, several system variables can be measured, and the problem can be treated as a multivariable problem. In this condition, using multiple sensors allied with the controller's adaptive capacity following the load condition is expected to contribute positively to the control system's performance and increase its accuracy. Thus, this work aims to present the proposal of a cascaded and multi-sensors adaptive fuzzy controller for the AGVs position control problem. The proposed system aims to increase the accuracy of the AGV position.
Falsos diminutivos do Português brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-05-29) Vale, Oto; Rodrigues, Roana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2277403284693571; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5277363935076195; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-8079; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-8079