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Efeitos do treinamento físico combinado e da suplementação com probiótico na rigidez arterial em ratos tratados com dexametasona
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-26) Paula, Vinicius Ferreira de; Cardoso, Sandra Lia do Amaral; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2030708742766455; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9473-3739; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7529009566401947; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2666-9613
Arterial stiffness is recognized as a predictive marker of future cardiovascular diseases and can be assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV). On the other hand, combined training (CT) has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological strategy in preventing dexamethasone (DEX)-induced arterial stiffness. Moreover, DEX is known to cause intestinal dysbiosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of inflammation resulting from intestinal dysbiosis on arterial stiffness and how CT and probiotic supplementation can prevent DEX-induced arterial stiffness. The hypothesis of this work is that alterations in the intestinal microbiota are involved in DEX-induced arterial stiffness and that CT, with or without probiotic supplementation, attenuates arterial stiffness induced by chronic DEX treatment by reducing collagen formation in the aorta. 143 Wistar rats (200-250g) were divided into 8 groups: sedentary control (SC, n=18), sedentary probiotic (SP, n=19), sedentary DEX (SD, n=22), sedentary DEX probiotic (SPD, n=20), trained control (TC, n=10), trained probiotic (TP, n=14), trained DEX (TD, n=15), and trained probiotic DEX (TPD, n=13). The rats were supplemented with probiotic (Yakult®, 2ml/65g via gavage) or water and subjected to CT (treadmill and ladder, on alternate days, at 60% of maximum physical capacity) for 74 days or remained sedentary. During the last 14 days, the rats were treated with DEX (50µg/kg per day, s.c.) or saline concomitant with the other interventions. PWV, blood pressure (BP), spectral analysis, densitometric quantification of extracellular matrix proteins in the aorta, as well as plasma inflammatory biomarkers, were evaluated. The results are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, and samples showing significant differences were analyzed by Tukey's post hoc test, with (p< 0.05) considered significant. DEX caused an increase in PWV (+68%) and LF (+126%) for SD vs SC, while supplementation and/or CT prevented this increase (- 39%, -33%, -38% and -44%, -88%, -64%) for SPD, TD, and TPD vs SD for PWV and LF, respectively. DEX increased the expression of COL-3 (+59%), TGF-β1 (+59%), TGFR2B (+103%), p-SMAD2/3/SMAD2/3 (+41%), and both probiotic and CT prevented the increase. Regarding quantification of proteins in the distal colon, DEX caused a decrease in claudin-1 (-53%) and an increase in occludin (+161%), and supplementation and/or CT prevented this response for claudin-1 (SP = +84% and TPD +16% vs SC and SD, respectively). Finally, no significant differences were observed in inflammatory biomarkers. The present study suggests that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the increased arterial stiffness induced by DEX through prevention of sympathetic activity rather than inflammation. Furthermore, CT was shown to be as effective as probiotic supplementation in attenuating the increase in PWV.
Soluções sólidas de quartzo co-recheadas com expansão térmica zero por síntese sol-gel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-26) Fonseca, Beatriz Paiva da; Zanotto, Edgar Dutra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1055167132036400
First of all, I would like to thank my family for all the love: my mother Conceição, who always invested in my education, my father Walter, who always gave me courage, my sister Amanda, who is my partner and my balance, and my boyfriend Enzo, who is my supporter and role model. I have also always been graced with good friends. Many thanks to my great friends from the beginning of my degree in Belo Horizonte Luis and Juliana (and also Arthur), whose friendship always went far beyond studies and overcame distance for years, my friends at UFSCar Carol, Franzin, Kaue, Paloma, Martinez and Pedro and all the others from the group "Primas Mancilha", and in São Carlos, Senise e Gagui, and my dear ex-roommate and professional advisor Barbara. During my graduation I had the privilege of taking classes and being guided by great educators and professionals, whom I admire so much. I gratefully acknowledge Rosario Suman Bretas, my first advisor, and Edgar Dutra Zanotto, my advisor for this work and who made it possible for me to realize one of my greatest dreams. I would like to thank my advisors in Germany Joachim Deubener and Gundula Helsch for all the attention and knowledge taught to me, and also all my work colleagues at INW and at LaMaV, for their support. Finally, I would like to thank all the people who have in some way cheered my success or contributed to my education.
Análise dos processos educativos para profissionais de enfermagem em um hospital filantrópico do Estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-26) Gomes, Daniele Perez; Aquilante, Aline Guerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699716799010108; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5925-7642; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8809958671135592; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-0151
The nursing team is the main force involved in hospital care, and its work processes have a major impact on the permanence and quality of care. Therefore, to achieve the objectives of health services, employees highlight working conditions, both structural and human resources, as well as investment in training and space for reflection on their practice, ensuring good performance. Given the evolution of educational actions for health professionals, according to the National Policy for Permanent Health Education (NPPHE), it is understood that Permanent Health Education (PHE) and Continuing Education (CE) complement each other as in-service training strategies, even if they are based on different methodological principles. Together, they allow professional improvement and reflection on work processes, enhancing the change in reality. Points were considered that involve the complexity of the work, the importance of the nursing team for care processes, the evolution of their bureaucratic activities, the need for investment in in-service training, the educational role to be strengthened by the nurse, stimulating reflection on practice, identifying challenges and proposing solutions, as well as the differentiation between CE and PHE. The present study is part of the line of research “Management of Care, Work and Education in Health” of the Postgraduate Program in Clinical Management at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), and as it is a Professional Master's Degree, it has close relationship with health policies; Thus, it was proposed to identify the perceptions of nursing professionals at a philanthropic hospital about the educational actions aimed at them and provide support for more appropriate educational strategies. A descriptive research with a qualitative approach was carried out, with the participation of 9 nursing professionals. The information was collected remotely, through semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed, allowing the Thematic Content Analysis, proposed by Bardin, to be carried out with the help of the Atlas.ti® software. The methodology identified concepts, facilitators and obstacles, qualification needs and suggestions for changes. The results showed that there is a lack of familiarity among professionals with PHE, highlighting confusion with CE. Work overload and the reduced number of employees were highlighted as the main difficulties in participating in educational activities during shifts. Professionals expressed the need for training to deal with everyday challenges, preferring practical training and despite the difficulties, PHE was recognized as a valuable tool for improving the work process and the quality of care. It is concluded that the main necessary change in educational practices is related to management, which should involve front-line employees in the decisions made, as well as the importance of educators knowing the reality of each sector and requesting the participation of employees in the preparation of educational actions. The results will be presented to the study institution through a technical report, which will serve as a reference for the development of educational strategies that are more appropriate to the reality of nursing professionals in hospital services.