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Mortalidade por COVID-19 em uma população do sudoeste de Minas Gerais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-27) Lemos, Braiane Marcelle; Napoleão, Anamaria Alves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8539664594837249; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6229-4206; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7971910319975211; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5385-3889
Introduction: On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was alerted to several cases of pneumonia in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China. It was a new strain (type) of coronavirus that had not been identified before in humans. A week later, on January 7, 2020, Chinese authorities confirmed that they had identified a new type of coronavirus. Coronaviruses are everywhere. They are the second leading cause of the common cold (after rhinoviruses) and, until recent decades, rarely caused more serious illness in humans than the common cold. Objective: To describe mortality from COVID-19 and possible associated sociodemographic and clinical factors among users of two municipalities in the southwest of Minas Gerais. Methodology: Descriptive, retrospective, analytical and cross-sectional study, using secondary data from the e-SUS Notifica System and the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System - SIVEP-Influenza, of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. We included users over 18 years of age notified in both systems of the two municipalities of the study and excluded users whose notifications were flawed, making analysis impossible. The data collected referred to the total number of mild, moderate and severe cases of the disease, in the period from April 2020 to July 2022. Results: A total of 38,146 notified cases were identified in both systems, of which 20,594 were positive cases of COVID-19 (18,846 users notified in e-SUS Notifica and 1748 users notified in SIVEP-Influenza). Of these, 8.48% evolved to severe cases of the disease (SIVEP-Influenza), with the outcome of 1113 cured and 537 deaths. Advanced ages, predominance of males, white ethnicity, prevalence of respiratory signs and symptoms, and comorbidities such as heart disease and diabetes were observed for those who died. Conclusion: In the context of the municipalities studied, recognizing this profile is important in order to contribute with data records, planning and execution of public health policies in the different spheres, aimed at populations at higher risk of worsening and death from the disease. By recognizing the population groups most subject to complications and deaths due to the disease, such information becomes valuable tools to guide decision-making.
Dinâmica da política externa brasileira: uma análise do conceito de autonomia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-27) Eiras, André Luis Silva; Donadone, Julio César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7643906508178259; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2129-0129; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8036106767406022; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5714-4572
The search for autonomy is a Brazilian foreign policy project that has been pursued more actively by the nation since the twentieth century. Its basic premise is to define the national interest to qualify and provide an internal modernization, both in the political and economic, and social sectors, that functions adequately within the capitalist international system. This paper aims to analyze the historical construction of this concept and understand its role in the past and present. The central hypothesis here is that the concept of autonomy in foreign policy did not emerge exclusively within the state bureaucratic framework (Ministry of Foreign Affairs), but that it took place in conjunction among Brazilian academic intellectuals, politicians, and diplomats since the mid-1950s. We will use for our analysis the definition of foreign policy as a partially autonomous and structured social space, in which academia and bureaucratic diplomacy play for power to have their ideas implemented. We will observe the trajectory of the concept and understand the dynamics between the intellectuals and diplomats who construct the concept of autonomy. For the periodization of this work, we will use three moments in Brazilian history plus the last decade present, with their particular conceptions of autonomy and international insertion, their main intellectuals, and how the idea of autonomy circulated within the field: the period of the Brazilian national developmentalism program, from 1950-1980; the stage of liberal globalization and national-developmentalism (1989-1999) and the phase of the instability of the unipolar global order and the rise of a left-wing party in the government of Brazil (1999-2010).