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Photocatalytic controlled oxidation reaction of methane
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Cruz, Jean Castro da
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Paris, Elaine Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8475640212486290
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8599-9674
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Oliveira, Cauê Ribeiro de
The CH4 partial oxidation into value-added chemicals by solar means has been discussed as alternative for emission abatement, a fundamental topic for sustainable production with lower global warming gas emissions in future. So far, various semiconductor photocatalysts have been developed. However, the understanding of the main factors influencing photocatalysts' activities on controlled oxidation of methane to methanol is still an issue, especially due to methane overoxidation to CO2. Thus, we propose that the semiconductor must have a valence band (VB) favorable to produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and a conduction band (CB) not advantageous to superoxide radical (O2•-). Furthermore, the concentration of the hydroxyl radicals is fundamental and should be fine-tuned for selectively oxidize methane. O2 also is the key oxidant for process control, since O2 may scavenging methyl radicals (•CH3) that further react with •OH to form methanol. Our results showed that the required band edge positions for photocatalysts (e.g., Bi2O3) seems correct to obtain significant amounts of desirable chemical products, taking as main products methanol (3700 μmol g-1) and acetic acid acetic acid (~2036 μmol g-1 h-1) from pure CH4 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Moreover, longer hydrocarbons (e.g., ethanol and acetone) could be produced depending on the reaction condition. ESR experiments proved the formation of •CH3 and •OH, and isotope labeling experiment with 13CH4 as the reactant also was conducted, confirming that CH3OH comes from CH4 photooxidation. Another sustainable route to control the CH4 oxidation driven by chloride intermediates in solution using Bismuth-based semiconductors excited in visible light was investigated. BiOCl, a perovskite layered material, exhibited promising photocatalytic performance for methane conversion to methanol (1300 µmol g-1), acetic acid (435 µmol g-1), and ethanol (57 µmol g-1) without foreign radicals to control the reaction. Our findings are significant to new level of understanding in methane’s efficient partial photooxidation, which opens a way to control competitive reactions by appropriate band edge positions in photocatalysts to greater selectivity and avoid its overoxidation to CO2.
Métodos Bayesianos para seleção de modelos de mistura de distribuições normais e t de Student assimétricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Macerau, Walkiria Maria de Oliveira
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7435391829973844
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6466-7865
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9334093984788993
In this work, we consider mixture models whose components of the mixture are modeled by the skew normal and skew t distributions. For the estimation of these skew mixtures models, we used a Bayesian approach, via Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods (MCMC), since this approach allows the development of a joint estimation procedure of the mixture components number and the associated parameters of the mixture components. We also use the Reversible jump method and propose the use of the Data-driven Reversible jump method for modelling the mixture of skew normal and skew t distributions, both to adjust and select the number of components of the mixture. We compare the performances of these two methods (Reversible jump and Data-driven Reversible jump) for selecting the best model through simulations. The Data-driven Reversible jump method was more accurate in pointing out the best model in the simulation studies carried out.
Propriedades e aplicações de revestimentos de óxidos metálicos obtidos por oxidação eletrolítica a plasma e dopagem anódica utilizando resíduo de lama vermelha
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Araújo, Patrícia dos Santos
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Mendonça, Vagner Romito de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4270375873948823
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2300-9959
;
Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) is a metal processing technique where a high potencial difference is applied between two electrodes, cathode and anode. During this process there is a phenomenon of dielectric breakdown caused when the thickness of the oxide layer that forms reaches a limit and causes micro discharges to appear throughout the surface of the material that sinter and crystallize the formed oxide adhered to the substrate. The oxide layer produced under these conditions can have characteristics such as high mechanical strength or photoactivity. Processing conditions, such as composition, concentration or temperature of the electrolyte used during the formation of coatings, affect the composition and morphology of the produced coatings, altering their properties. This work presents results of the process of surface treatment of Niobium metal under PEO conditions, using a system consisting of a direct current source in galvanostatic regime and temperature control of the electrolyte. The photocatalytic properties of the coatings are also observed. The work can be divided into three parts: 1) investigation of the influence of different electrolytes on the anodizing curve of the synthesis of Nb2O5 coatings. Niobium substrates after anodization in acid medium (C2H2O4 and H3PO4) and basic medium (KOH) were characterized and tested for photoactivity; 2) investigation of the insertion of different amounts in mass percentage of Red Mud in C2H2O4 solution, during the anodizing process. Red Mud is an alkaline residue from the aluminium industry and was used as a dopant; 3) the study of the temperature and composition of the electrolytes in the oscillations of potential and photoactivity of the coatings. In this step, the temperature variation of the electrolyte in the synthesis of the coatings was investigated using different compositions of electrolytes (C2H2O4 at 2 and 25°C, H3PO4 at 15 and 30 °C, KOH at 15 and 25°C and C2H2O4+1% of mud at 15 and 25°C). The samples were characterized by techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic efficiency was investigated using photodegradation tests in a UV camera with samples in contact with an aqueous solution of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB). During the synthesis in different types of electrolytes, different behaviour of temperature and voltage curves (V) as a function of charge (C) were observed. As a consequence, the samples presented morphology and varied chemical and structural composition according to the parameters of synthesis and addition of dopant, the samples anodized with electrolyte containing 0.1 mol.L-1 solution of C2H2O4 and addition of sludge up to 0.75% , showed superior photocatalytic efficiency compared to other studied conditions. This result was explained by the characterizations that showed morphology with pores of regular size and shape with distribution over the entire surface, formation of orthorhombic Nb2O5, bang gap estimated between 3.12 to 3.27 eV. After the inclusion of the red mud to the electrolyte, elements such as Al and Si were found in the coatings produced and the doping of a small % of these elements on the surface of the coatings proved to be effective in increasing the degradation rate of the MB dye in the first 60 minutes of the test.
Análise numérica da força última e do modo de falha de ligações com cisalhamento duplo em estruturas de madeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Leoni, Vitor Lourensato
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-080X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5780893629407978
Timber is a material with several benefits for the construction industry because, in addition to being sustainable and renewable, it also possesses favorable properties for use in structures. However, precisely because it is a natural material, the vast number of wood species and their varying mechanical properties pose challenges for research. Consequently, this present study undertook a comprehensive numerical analysis employing the ABAQUS software to investigate some wood species and their performance in structural connections involving metallic pins under double shear conditions. The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the precision of normative equations and pertinent literature. In light of this, regression models were employed to formulate an equation capable of estimating the ultimate strength and failure mode of these connections. Two regression models, characterized by determination coefficients of 95.74% and 91.50% respectively, were successfully derived, clearly illustrating the significant influence of all analyzed parameters on the calculated values of ultimate strength. This approach facilitated a meticulous comparison of the precision exhibited by these parameter equations, effectively identifying any divergences that may exist between the models integrated into normative codes, such as ABNT NBR 7190-1 (2022) and EUROCODE 5 (2004), and the results acquired through this research results. Conspicuous disparities were observed, particularly when contrasting the theoretical outcomes obtained from the Brazilian normative code with all other calculated values. These findings compellingly suggest that the values generated by normative equations are overly cautious in nature.
Reflexões e possibilidades sobre a quantificação dos surdos sinalizantes nos levantamentos censitários brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Lima, João Víctor de Araujo
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Santos, Lara Ferreira dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3196-9346
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1489778587557179
Brazilian deaf individuals face a series of challenges in their daily lives, especially regarding the guarantee of their linguistic rights, even after the legal recognition of Brazilian Sign Language in 2002. A relevant aspect to be considered is how they are represented in the official statistics of the country's census surveys, which play a fundamental role in the production and monitoring of Brazilian public policies. From this context, the objective of this research was to identify how deaf signers are currently quantified in the statistics of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and present possible paths for a dialogue that allows for the inclusion of the demands of deaf social movements in the population statistics research in Brazil. To accomplish this, the study is based on the concept of dual category status of deaf individuals and sign languages, in order to understand the impact of different conceptions of deafness in the census surveys conducted by IBGE, and on the concept of statactivism, through the approach of the sociology of quantification, to facilitate a dialogue between the demands of these movements and the institute. In general, mentions of “deaf individuals” and “sign languages” were analyzed in: 1) Claims made by Brazilian deaf individuals; 2) IBGE statistics, mainly in the Demographic Census and the National Health Survey. In addition, the statistical activism of indigenous peoples in IBGE's statistics was studied, seeking inspiration for Brazilian deaf statactivism. Based on these analyses, the study results indicate that there has been an evolution in the conception of deaf individuals in Brazilian census surveys, but they are still represented solely as people with disabilities. To incorporate the demands of deaf communities into these surveys, national and international partnerships with academics and international organizations responsible for statistical production are essential, incorporating the socio-anthropological perspective on deaf individuals, as well as constant dialogues between deaf representations such as Feneis and the World Federation of the Deaf, and IBGE.
Liderança colaborativa no contexto do trabalho em equipe na atenção primária à saúde: revisão integrativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Caneppele, Juliana Kelly Pascchotto
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Rossit, Rosana Aparecida Salvador
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3333865775403342
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0563-7188
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8303890704717645
Teamwork based on collaborative practice is a powerful strategy for tackling the challenges involved in the development of work and caring for growing and complex health demands. Collaborative leadership is essential for involving the different players in discussions and in carrying out activities, so as to respect points of view, value suggestions and proposals, and promote autonomy for team members. With autonomy, team members' sense of belonging reaches a different level, leading to greater engagement among professionals. The aim of this study was to analyse the available scientific evidence on collaborative leadership in teamwork contexts and its contributions to primary health care, highlighting how collaborative leadership occurs in the work context and its possible contributions to health outcomes. This is an integrative review that took up the research question: "How have professionals developed collaborative leadership in the context of teamwork in Primary Health Care?". It included original articles available in full online, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published between 2017 and 2022. For the searches, the following electronic bibliographic databases were consulted: MEDLINE-PUBMED, ERIC, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE and Lilacs. The search terms (leadership; collaborative; health; professional; teamwork; interprofessional; interdisciplinary; education; training) were applied in Portuguese, English and Spanish, in different combinations with the booleans "AND" and/or "OR". All the articles identified were saved, exported and hosted on Rayyan®. The eligibility criteria were applied by two independent double-blind evaluators. In total, 3,601 articles were identified. The ckecklist and PRISMA flowchart were followed. After the initial screening of abstracts and titles, 47 articles were selected and read in full. Of these, 27 were eliminated. The 23 articles that met all the eligibility criteria were included in the integrative review. The data was extracted, organised in a summary table and categorised. Four categories emerged from the analyses: Conceptions and Perspectives of Leadership; Characteristics of Leadership Models; Challenges and Possibilities of Collaborative Leadership in Healthcare Organisations; and the Potential of Interprofessional Education for Developing Collaborative Leadership Competence. The results indicate the importance of developing shared leadership competences among healthcare leaders and teams. Shared leadership has the potential to improve the commitment and motivation of professionals; contribute to decision-making and effective communication; and promote the continuous training of leaders to favour mutual recognition. Based on the publications, a framework was organised with competences related to collaborative leadership in health contexts. The need to improve leadership studies is clear, especially considering the perspective of interprofessional collaboration as an alternative to authoritarian and hierarchical management models. Collaborative competences involve a combination of knowledge, skills, attitudes, values and judgements that must be developed or improved in the different contexts of training and working in healthcare, in pursuit of quality care.
Análise numérica de pilares mistos preenchidos com concreto reciclado sob compressão axial centrada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-28)
Oliveira, Tawan Mundim de
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Nardin, Silvana de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5587716781980132
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8736-4987
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1365747842102318
Part of the waste generated in civil construction, especially waste concrete, can be used as replacement of natural aggregates. Aiming to expand the use of concrete with recycled aggregates in composite columns, the aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of composite columns filled with recycled concrete subjected to concentric load. For this, numerical simulation was developed in software Abaqus. First, a systematic review of the literature (SRL) on circular cross-section composite columns filled with recycled concrete was conducted. Most of the available studies are related to experimental results showing an increase in ultimate load due to the use of recycled concrete. Numerical models were developed in software Abaqus® and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the influence of parameters such as finite element mesh density, constitutive models of recycled concrete, damage model parameters, steel-concrete friction coefficient, Poisson's ratio and modulus of elasticity of recycled concrete. Among the parameters evaluated, the most significant was the constitutive model of recycled concrete. Compared to experimental results, the numerical model properly predicted the ultimate load capacity, the Load vs. axial strain behavior of the column, and the strains in steel tube and concrete core. The validated numerical model was used to evaluate the influence of steel tube diameter (D=114.3 mm; 219.1 mm and 323.8 mm), height-diameter ratio (L/D=3, 4 and 5); diameter-thickness ratio (D/t=8.4; 18.1 and 28.6) and yield strength of steel (fy=300 MPa and 400 MPa), totaling 54 models. Regarding the ultimate load capacity, decreases were found when D/t went from 8 to 18 and from 18 to 28. There was also an increase in the ultimate load capacity when the yield stress of the steel went from 300 MPa to 400 MPa. Changing the D/t ratio from 8 to 18 was the parameter that most affected the resistant capacity of the column. Finally, there was no significant difference in the strength when the L/D ratio increased from 3 to 5. The values of ultimate load predicted using numerical modelling and Eurocode 4 (EN 1994-1-1:2004) standard procedure were very close each other. Regarding to ABNT NBR 8800 (2008) and AS/NZS 2327 (2016), both standard procedures were conservative with results about 80% of the values from numerical modelling. It is worth noting that these standards do not apply to recycled concrete.
Previsão da composição e dos volumes das fases durante a cinética enzimática do biodiesel etílico com lipase líquida utilizando modelo UNIFAC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Nunes, Guilherme Lanfredi Lopes Veronezi
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Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-3478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7982845022512599
The production of biodiesel catalyzed by lipases, especially by transesterification of vegetable oils, has been gaining importance in recent decades because it is an efficient and sustainable process. The main differential of this process is the possibility of using low quality raw material, in addition to being a highly energy efficient process compared to the conventional one. Lipases are enzymes that are widely used in the industrial field, as catalysts in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol, transforming them into glycerol and fatty acids. Additionally, they are capable of catalyzing esterification, transesterification and interesterification reactions. This allows its assignments to be diverse, and can be used in the food, pharmaceutical, cleaning products, water treatment and biodiesel production sectors. During the enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel, using liquid lipase, the reaction occurs at the interface between the polar and non-polar phases. That is, the reaction rate varies as a function of polar and non-polar volumes. Furthermore, the enzyme is soluble only in the polar phase. In this sense, the study of the liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) during the enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel is important for a better understanding of this production process. The objective of this research was the development of a model based on liquid-liquid equilibrium that could describe the composition and volume of the phases during the enzymatic reaction of transesterification of soybean oil and ethanol. For this, the UNIFAC group contribution method was applied and variations for biodiesel systems were evaluated. As soybean oil, biodiesel and fatty acids are composed of long chains and their molecular structure depends on their composition, in this work pseudomolecules were elaborated based on the composition of the soybean oil used and on the average molecular structures to define the contribution of each group. Finally, a kinetic model of the reaction developed in the research group, based on the Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism, was combined with the liquid-liquid equilibrium model to improve the knowledge of the polar and non-polar phases during the transesterification reaction.
Curadoria transmídia em festivais audiovisuais e estudo de caso pós-pandêmico do MixBrasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Fischer, André
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Massarolo, João Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5083-1601
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7828596132164484
Technological innovations have caused profound transformations in the way audiovisual content is produced, understood, consumed, and programmed. The restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly catalyzed the metamorphoses that were already transforming the foundations of both the film industry and the entire festival ecosystem. This research defines the concept of transmedia curation and explores the interaction between taste, politics, and programming throughout history, and considers the role of algorithms and the impact of curatorial choices on festivals. The analysis of the term and its application in audiovisual festivals is carried out using practical experiences from over 30 years on the MixBrasil Festival, particularly from 2020 onwards. The study reflects on the origin and consolidation of the film festival circuit, the effects of emerging technologies on the dynamics of festivals, and discusses the challenges faced by the audiovisual industry and potential future directions. It highlights the technological evolution of Brazilian LGBT+ themed audiovisual production, the adoption of digital platforms, and the adaptation of festival programming during and after the pandemic. Hashtags are identified as an initial literacy tool for both the general public and programming teams. This dissertation, written using the principles of inclusive language, addresses the path of incorporating immersive experiences, using extended realities (XR) such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), by analyzing the confluence between curation, technological innovation, and the specificities of LGBT+ festivals. In conclusion, the dissertation presents perspectives on the evolution of audiovisual festivals as a comprehensive phenomenon, as well as methodologies and practices for implementing transmedia curation in audiovisual festivals, contributing to the development and improvement of these events in the contemporary landscape.
Identificação de critérios de seleção de conteúdos para o arquivamento da Web
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Formenton, Danilo
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0625069342441295
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-4295
With the significant increase in production, diffusion and consumption of digital content in the Web environment, actions for the recovery, preservation and communication of data and information, of scientific, cultural and historical value produced in websites, social media and other Web-based content, are being created and studied in face of the ephemerality of the Internet that imposes rapid changes or even permanent losses to informational resources. Digital preservation and archiving of Web-based content is a recent theme in Brazil, specifically discussed in Information Science and, in general, not contemplated in the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS), being necessary the interdisciplinary transit with Information Science. In this context, we aim to verify how criteria for selecting Web content in the context of digital preservation and Web archiving have been discussed by Information Science and related areas (Archivology, Librarianship and Museology), pointing out how these criteria could meet the demands for structuring institutional Web archives in a more adequate way for the long-term preservation of digital information. As methodology, an exploratory study was carried out, based on bibliographic and documentary research with a narrative literature review concerning Web archiving in the scope of digital preservation. Content analysis was applied to Web content selection criteria and policies identified in the literature for digital preservation and long-term archiving purposes. As a result, a theoretical, technical and systematized framework of selection criteria applicable to Web archiving and digital preservation is presented, based on the surveyed scientific literature and on policies from various Web archiving initiatives around the world, such as criteria for "old" and "current" sites, geographic and linguistic criteria, subject-related criteria, criteria based on Web archiving uses and its users or experts, or format-related criteria, and, simultaneously, that may be relevant for modeling institutional Web archive collections. It was found that the imperfection of the Web archiving process and the incompleteness of its products, that is, the Web archives, in terms of the completeness of the archived sites, stems not only from technical, temporal, budgetary or legal limits, but also from limits tied to selection decisions. The selection decisions adopted in Web archiving policies bring some degree of subjectivity and deliberation, which can be avoided by explicitly justifying the criteria in a selection policy, making the archiving and its final product (collections) coherent. Furthermore, within the development of a Web archiving selection policy, it was possible to verify that in the scopes of the selection methods adopted in the creation of Web collections, in the scope, coverage of the archiving and the target (extent) of the collection itself, in the definition of the type and means of access of the Web archive, and in the definition of the expected uses of the Web archive and the intended users, different criteria for the selection of contents agreed upon in the policy are delineated.
Banco de dados: ideação suicida, espiritualidade, drogas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza
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Cruz, Jefferson Pereira Maciel da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648011576049252
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-5837
Formação, profissão docente e políticas educacionais: o que dizem os dados do Censo Escolar sobre os professores de matemática do ensino fundamental II da Região Sudeste?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Peripato, David Pancieri
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Lozano, Daniele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775248941851933
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-5403
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5425650172924989
This research aimed to investigate the implications of public educational policies - understood at first as strategies for the maintenance and reproduction of a certain societal form, the capitalist one - in the relationship between schooling and the forms of hiring mathematics teachers who work in basic education in elementary school II, Southeast region, based on the analysis of the census microdata made available by INEP in the years 2011, 2015 and 2020 since these data, in addition to being official, subsidize the country's public policies, and, therefore, allow us to describe the reality of teachers who are working in the basic education network. This premise allows us to infer about the discontinuity of current policies. To this end, the Statistical Package for the Social Science for Windows (SPSS) software was used to compile the corpus of data, allowing the compilation of variables from the microdata of the basic education census, the teacher input of interest, and the critical analysis was based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of dialectical historical materialism, which allowed us to understand the causal links and the movement through which these policies are implemented, seeking to develop a synthesis between the inseparability of these two dimensions of reality (quantitative and qualitative). The statistic data suggest that both the forms of hiring and schooling do not meet the legal provision according to the provisions of article 62 of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education, according to which the training of teachers will be done at a higher level, corroborating the crisis of the valorization of the career of these professionals.
Francis Bacon em tríptico: uma análise das figuras pictóricas sob a perspectiva de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Rezino, Larissa Farias
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Silva, Cíntia Vieira da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1421439683179158
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Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541
S'appuyant sur l'ouvrage Francis Bacon : Logique de la sensation du philosophe français Gilles Deleuze, dans lequel le penseur analyse les tableaux du peintre irlandais, cette recherche vise à étudier l'élément de la Figure dans les tableaux de Bacon au crible d'autres concepts avec lesquels cet élément contribue à créer ou à défaire. À cette fin, la thèse s'articule autour de deux autres concepts qui sont au cœur de notre enquête et qui sous-tendent l'analyse des peintures, à savoir : Corps sans organes et Rostité. Ainsi, les autres livres de Gilles Deleuze et ceux écrits avec Félix Guattari, où ces concepts sont développés, sont utilisés comme principales ressources théoriques. Cependant, la thèse s'étend à d'autres auteurs à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de la philosophie. Divisé en trois axes — figure, corps et visage — le travail propose d'exécuter ces concepts dans les peintures en présentant non seulement une approximation, mais aussi la réverbération entre les créations de l'art et de la philosophie.
O declínio da legitimidade democrática na América Latina: a relação entre democracia e economia e seus efeitos no comportamento político
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Almeida, Bruno Henrique Martins de
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Casalecchi, Gabriel Avila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9759794253878555
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1637-0180
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5469275242490764
Con la emergencia de nuevos líderes y partidos populistas en Estados Unidos y Europa, se ha reavivado el debate sobre la crisis de la democracia y se ha puesto en riesgo la legitimidad democrática. En América Latina, se han presenciado casos explícitos de rupturas democráticas, principalmente debido a golpes de Estado y gubernamentales, así como rupturas por vías institucionales, ya sea por renuncias o destituciones (impeachment), lo que ha estimulado una revisión de los trabajos sobre la estabilidad de la democracia en la región. Mientras tanto, los datos del Latinobarómetro han demostrado que el apoyo y la satisfacción popular con la democracia y las instituciones que la representan han alcanzado los peores niveles registrados desde la redemocratización. En base a esta coyuntura, el objetivo de esta investigación es comprender las razones que explican este fenómeno en una región marcada por una mayor inestabilidad social y económica. Específicamente, nos centraremos en la relación entre dos variables: la legitimidad del sistema democrático y la percepción del desempeño económico. La hipótesis central es que, en una región con una fuerte inestabilidad social y económica como América Latina, la evaluación que hacen los ciudadanos del desempeño económico impacta en las creencias que tienen sobre el régimen democrático. En general, los resultados del análisis de la relación entre las variables de percepción de la economía y legitimidad democrática corroboraron la hipótesis planteada en esta investigación.
Evolução molecular e caracterização do gene defective chorion 1 em Anastrepha fraterculus e Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera, Tephritidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29)
Bisio, Mariana de Cássia
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Brito, Reinaldo Alves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8253066295947754
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5100657466794680
The Tephritidae family comprises many fruit fly species with predominance of frugivorous larvae, several of which of great economic importance. The fraterculus group is the most important species group, because it includes some of the most economically important species that cause damage to fruit production in Brazil and worldwide. Some species in this group are closely related, infest several host fruits, have a wide geographical distribution, and show considerable similarity and evolutionary proximity, which renders their identification difficult. Therefore, the investigation of genes with high evolutionary rates, such as the defective chorion 1 (dec-1), may be relevant for a better understanding of their phylogeny and the underlying differentiation forces involved. The gene dec-1 is involved with the production and modification of specific proteins that participate in the egg chorion formation during oogenesis. Evidence about this gene may bring relevant information on the differentiation of Anastrepha species. This work aims to investigate the molecular structure and the evolutionary patterns of dec-1 in order to understand the differentiation process of species in the Anastrepha genus, as well as among Tephritidae. A specific fragment of the dec-1 from two species of Anastrepha (A. fraterculus and A. obliqua) was amplified from samples collected in nature and compared to transcriptome sequences from next-generation data available in our laboratory. Conventional PCR was performed with specific dec-1 primers and fragments were submitted to Sanger sequencing. For structure prediction, dec-1 gene sequence of Anastrepha ludens was used as model. A group of orthologous sequences for this gene from other related flies was retrieved from NCBI and used to test for signatures of natural selection using clade and branch-specific methods with PAML and HyPhy software. In order to characterize the ovarian development, female ovaries of the species A. fraterculus were collected at different developmental periods, measured and submitted to statistical analysis. The ovarian characterization showed that choriogenesis probably occurs in A. fraterculus flies from 10 to 14 days of adult life, a period in which dec-1 gene products would be cleaved into isoforms and protein derivatives. The data collected from the ovaries proved to be informative to base and guide studies about ovarian characterization and reproductive development of A. fraterculus populations. A combination of transcriptome data with classical sequencing procedures allowed the identification of three alternative transcripts in both A. fraterculus and A. obliqua, corroborating the pattern found in other tephritids and recovering three of the six known D. melanogaster transcripts. Overall, there is evidence of purifying selection having a preponderant role both, for gene structure as well as along evolutionary branches. Despite evidence of a significant evolutionary conservation, some codons and branches under positive selection were detected, such as in the branch that separates A.obliqua flies, as well as on the separation of A. fraterculus into three clusters, and on the separation of Tephritidae from other Diptera. Analyses on some positively selected changes revealed seven non-synonymous changes that led to radical amino acid replacements which altered physicochemical properties. These results indicate that positive selection affected these regions during a specific evolutionary time and were fixed in different lineages, perhaps because it conferred some adaptive advantage. Thus, this gene showed some positively selected changes that seem to have been important to differentiate species in the group, suggesting that it might have a possible role in their differentiation process.
Desenvolvimento de modelo computacional com aplicação do Kalman Filter para detecção de vazamentos em redes de distribuição de água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-30)
Zerunian, Rafael Humberto Machado
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Kellner, Erich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855091004957784
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7592-5580
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6441403375997862
In water supply systems, one of the types of loss are the Real Losses, mainly caused by leaks in water distribution networks and, therefore, constitute one of the most complex and urgent problems to enable a water resources management system for the urban environment that is effective, both from an environmental and financial perspective. Among the various approaches for combating and controlling leaks in water distribution networks, there is the use of probabilistic methods that can translate with reasonable accuracy the functioning of this type of dynamic system and among these methods is the Kalman Filter, largely used in the scientific field as a state prediction tool from the combination of data modeled with errors and data obtained through sensors, whose measurement has distortions that affect its accuracy. In this work, the objective was to review the main concepts of this application and analyze the viability of the method as an operational instrument that can be incorporated in a viable way in the daily life of operators of water supply systems. For this, the analysis parameters were established for a real water supply system in the city of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. Hydraulic modeling was carried out based on data from the water supply service with the EPANET software and, later, real measurements were carried out at specific points of this network that served as a basis for the application of the Kalman Filter to determine leaks. From the collected data, a python code was developed that allows the determination of residual values of the iterative calculation of the Kalman Filter and that, therefore, demonstrated the relationship between these values and the occurrence of leaks in the distribution network. Despite the positive result, the study was able to determine that the method has limitations, such as the need for diffuse pressure measurements along the distribution network and the existence of a reliable system record, which in a large part of Brazil can be important obstacles.
Despesas em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento e desempenho de empresas de tecnologia: uma análise multi-países
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-30)
Lourenço, Victor Haruo Nitatori Rodrigues
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Sartorelli, Isabel Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4068127357780521
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5474-8370
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Carvalho, Flávio Leonel de
The development of new technologies and production techniques is crucial for companies to gain a competitive advantage, achieved through innovation resulting from Research and Development (R&D). In the context of increasingly global and interconnected markets, where R&D becomes a relevant factor in determining growth and value creation for a company, this study aims to answer the following research question: what is the relationship between the operational performance and future growth expectations of technology companies listed in developed countries and the influence of research and development (R&D) intensity compared to those listed in emerging countries? This study aims to identify whether the country context, such as R&D incentive policies, intellectual property protection, among other factors, influences this relationship. To achieve this, companies in the Information Technology sector were selected, as R&D is essential for maintaining competitiveness in this sector. Companies listed on the top ten stock exchanges by market capitalization in 2021 were chosen, totaling 1,095 companies covering the period from 2012 to 2020. The sample was divided according to the country where the company is listed and according to the company size. The current period R&D intensity, as well as lagged one- and two-year R&D Intensity, were used as predictive variables, along with control variables. Return on Assets (ROA) was selected as the dependent variable to measure operational performance, and Tobin’s q was used to measure market expectations towards the company. The results indicate that companies listed in developed countries have advantages and incentives for R&D expenses, as R&D positively influences operational performance and future market expectations regarding growth opportunities during the expense year and within one year. In contrast, the total sample shows an inverse relationship. Considering emerging countries as well, the relationship is negative, indicating that R&D has a negative impact on both ROA and Tobin’s q in the current year and within one year. This study contributes to the literature by providing insights into the differences between developed and emerging countries, fostering the debate on the need for public policies to mitigate the differences caused by institutional factors in each country. Additionally, the answer to the research question can serve as a basis for company managers to make resource allocation decisions in R&D, indicating the generation of future benefits for the company.
O Design Instrucional no contexto da Arquitetura da Informação: contribuições em ambientes informacionais digitais inclusivos para a pessoa idosa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-30)
Goulart, Janaína Dias
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Silva, Noêmia Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8096249467683545
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Neves, Barbara Coelho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7327673330074701
The increase in the world's elderly population reinforces the need to create inclusive information systems for this public. The objective of the research is to analyze the Instructional Design methodologies that can facilitate the inclusion of elderly people in digital informational environments with the help of Information Architecture. Information Architecture is related to different aspects of construction, storage, retrieval, and usability of informational environments. Instructional Design can be defined as a work methodology dedicated to the processes of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation of distance courses that must be considered from the moment of conception of the training offer until its implementation. From these two definitions, it is possible to verify that the Information Architecture offers a theoretical basis, structuring the line of action of the professionals responsible for the design of the informational environment aimed at the elderly, indicating the best paths that will lead to the choice of the most suitable tools and resources. appropriate to the digital context that will be developed. Therefore, the research's guiding question was formulated: How can Instructional Design combined with Information Architecture contribute to the inclusion of the elderly in digital informational environments? The research is of a qualitative and quantitative nature, in which bibliographic, descriptive, and field research methodologies were used, using a questionnaire and direct observation as data collection instruments (applied to elderly people who attend courses in Informatics at FESC, a public institution from the city of São Carlos-SP) and interviews with professors of the same courses. The analysis of the results was carried out through content analysis. The main authors present in the theoretical framework of the research are Beauvoir, Haddad, Quintana, Alves Júnior, Casamayou and Gonzalez (aging process); Saracevic, Rosenfeld, Morville, Arango, Jorente, Vidotti, Vechiato and Oliveira referring to Information Architecture; Barreiro, Filatro and Piconez related to Instructional Design. The motivation for the research came from the author's experience with the elderly public as a teacher of Informatics courses and as an instructional designer. Bibliographical research and analysis of responses from interviews and questionnaires prove the need to create more inclusive digital informational environments to meet the needs of the elderly public who want to feel safe and autonomous in the digital context. It is hoped that these studies will bring new concepts of improved environments, which can be useful especially for the elderly and that it will bring more equity and make digital informational environments truly democratic and participatory for all audiences.
Manufatura aditiva a laser e fusão a arco da liga Ti-15Nb de baixo módulo de elasticidade para aplicações biomédicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-30)
Mattos, Felype Narciso de
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Rossi, Mariana Correa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3908115015799734
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Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2176215981291453
Ti alloys are acclaimed for biomedical applications due to their excellent mechanical, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance properties. Based on these characteristics, pure Ti and different Ti alloys have been applied in the biomedical industry, especially the Ti-6Al-4V (wt %) alloy. However, although it presents good mechanical properties, this alloy presents problems regarding cytotoxicity of Al and V elements related to neural disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, for orthopedic applications, there is a considerable difference among elastic modulus of Ti and α+β alloys, from E = 100 to 110 GPa, and that of human bone, around E = 30 GPa. This property mismatch leads to stress shielding phenomenon, which is not desirable since it can promote loss of bone density and consequently diseases as osteopenia and osteoporosis. In this context the Ti-15Nb alloy emerge and was produced by selective laser melting (LPBF) and vacuum arc melting as an alternative to Ti 6Al-4V since it is free of toxic elements and presents an elastic modulus nearer human bone. The stablished phases were identified by the X-ray diffraction technique and in the AC, RR, LQ and LPBF samples the found phases were α' + β, while in the RL sample the phases identified were α + β and all these phases were confirmed by microscopy techniques. Elastic modulus and hardness were measured by impulse excitation and Vickers microhardness techniques, varying their values from 56 to 88 GPa and 236 to 500 HV. Yet, for additive manufacturing, it was possible to stablish an operational window of 130 to 150 J/mm³. In this way, low levels of porosity and un-melted Nb are obtained.
Dinâmica espaço-temporal da cobertura de Mata Atlântica no Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco e uso do habitat pela avifauna ameaçada da região
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-30)
Dias, Thiago da Costa
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Francisco, Mercival Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-7812
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3343198538235148
The Atlantic Forest is one of the world's most important biodiversity hotspots, harboring a high species richness and serving as the stage for some of the largest conservation challenges nowadays. A small portion of this biome located in northeastern Brazil, known as the Pernambuco Endemism Center (PEC), stands out for hosting a high concentration of threatened and restricted-distribution species. The irreplaceable ecosystems of the PEC have been continuously affected by deforestation, fragmentation, degradation, and defaunation, resulting in the loss of many crucial ecological relationships that maintain biodiversity. It is essential to promote management and conservation actions for species and habitats in the PEC to prevent anticipated species losses in the region. Across the PEC, investigating historical changes and the current state of forest habitats, and characterizing space use and distribution by its threatened wildlife may guide conservation efforts and assist decision-making focused on landscape management. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics of the forest cover in the PEC over the past 35 years (1985-2020) by (i) assessing trends in biomass accumulation/loss in remnants of native vegetation and (ii) identifying changes in the spatial configuration and distribution of forest habitats in the region. The study additionally intends to (iii) reveal the distribution, richness, key resources/habitats, and areas of high ecological relevance for the endemic and threatened avifauna of the PEC, ultimately proposing the creation of ecological corridors as a tool for biodiversity conservation. The condition of the PEC’s forest cover is alarming, and although biomass accumulation (greening) and improvements in metrics related to habitat quality were identified over the last decades, factors such as the reduced size of the fragments, severe edge effects, and the replacement of mature by secondary vegetation are current threats for the local biodiversity. The persistence of endemic and threatened birds in the PEC may rely on energetic and large-scale conservation strategies and landscape management, and here we propose the creation of the Pernambuco Endemism Center Restoration Arc (PEC- ARC), which may be able to connect fragments with high ecological relevance through forest restoration initiatives. Together with the ongoing conservation actions that became increasingly important to the PEC over the last years, this strategy may provide critical improvements in habitat quality over the region, increase gene flow and organismal movement, promote habitat recolonization, and ensure population adaptability to climate change, which may ultimately reduce the risks of future global extinctions expected for the region.