Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2023-06-29"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8

Identificação de critérios de seleção de conteúdos para o arquivamento da Web
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Formenton, Danilo; Gracioso, Luciana de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0625069342441295; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-4295
With the significant increase in production, diffusion and consumption of digital content in the Web environment, actions for the recovery, preservation and communication of data and information, of scientific, cultural and historical value produced in websites, social media and other Web-based content, are being created and studied in face of the ephemerality of the Internet that imposes rapid changes or even permanent losses to informational resources. Digital preservation and archiving of Web-based content is a recent theme in Brazil, specifically discussed in Information Science and, in general, not contemplated in the field of Science, Technology and Society (STS), being necessary the interdisciplinary transit with Information Science. In this context, we aim to verify how criteria for selecting Web content in the context of digital preservation and Web archiving have been discussed by Information Science and related areas (Archivology, Librarianship and Museology), pointing out how these criteria could meet the demands for structuring institutional Web archives in a more adequate way for the long-term preservation of digital information. As methodology, an exploratory study was carried out, based on bibliographic and documentary research with a narrative literature review concerning Web archiving in the scope of digital preservation. Content analysis was applied to Web content selection criteria and policies identified in the literature for digital preservation and long-term archiving purposes. As a result, a theoretical, technical and systematized framework of selection criteria applicable to Web archiving and digital preservation is presented, based on the surveyed scientific literature and on policies from various Web archiving initiatives around the world, such as criteria for "old" and "current" sites, geographic and linguistic criteria, subject-related criteria, criteria based on Web archiving uses and its users or experts, or format-related criteria, and, simultaneously, that may be relevant for modeling institutional Web archive collections. It was found that the imperfection of the Web archiving process and the incompleteness of its products, that is, the Web archives, in terms of the completeness of the archived sites, stems not only from technical, temporal, budgetary or legal limits, but also from limits tied to selection decisions. The selection decisions adopted in Web archiving policies bring some degree of subjectivity and deliberation, which can be avoided by explicitly justifying the criteria in a selection policy, making the archiving and its final product (collections) coherent. Furthermore, within the development of a Web archiving selection policy, it was possible to verify that in the scopes of the selection methods adopted in the creation of Web collections, in the scope, coverage of the archiving and the target (extent) of the collection itself, in the definition of the type and means of access of the Web archive, and in the definition of the expected uses of the Web archive and the intended users, different criteria for the selection of contents agreed upon in the policy are delineated.
Previsão da composição e dos volumes das fases durante a cinética enzimática do biodiesel etílico com lipase líquida utilizando modelo UNIFAC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Nunes, Guilherme Lanfredi Lopes Veronezi; Ribeiro, Marcelo Perencin de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381402687491195; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5836-3478; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7982845022512599
The production of biodiesel catalyzed by lipases, especially by transesterification of vegetable oils, has been gaining importance in recent decades because it is an efficient and sustainable process. The main differential of this process is the possibility of using low quality raw material, in addition to being a highly energy efficient process compared to the conventional one. Lipases are enzymes that are widely used in the industrial field, as catalysts in the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol, transforming them into glycerol and fatty acids. Additionally, they are capable of catalyzing esterification, transesterification and interesterification reactions. This allows its assignments to be diverse, and can be used in the food, pharmaceutical, cleaning products, water treatment and biodiesel production sectors. During the enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel, using liquid lipase, the reaction occurs at the interface between the polar and non-polar phases. That is, the reaction rate varies as a function of polar and non-polar volumes. Furthermore, the enzyme is soluble only in the polar phase. In this sense, the study of the liquid-liquid equilibrium (LLE) during the enzymatic synthesis of biodiesel is important for a better understanding of this production process. The objective of this research was the development of a model based on liquid-liquid equilibrium that could describe the composition and volume of the phases during the enzymatic reaction of transesterification of soybean oil and ethanol. For this, the UNIFAC group contribution method was applied and variations for biodiesel systems were evaluated. As soybean oil, biodiesel and fatty acids are composed of long chains and their molecular structure depends on their composition, in this work pseudomolecules were elaborated based on the composition of the soybean oil used and on the average molecular structures to define the contribution of each group. Finally, a kinetic model of the reaction developed in the research group, based on the Ping-Pong Bi-Bi mechanism, was combined with the liquid-liquid equilibrium model to improve the knowledge of the polar and non-polar phases during the transesterification reaction.
Formação, profissão docente e políticas educacionais: o que dizem os dados do Censo Escolar sobre os professores de matemática do ensino fundamental II da Região Sudeste?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Peripato, David Pancieri; Lozano, Daniele; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775248941851933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-5403; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5425650172924989; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-6231
This research aimed to investigate the implications of public educational policies - understood at first as strategies for the maintenance and reproduction of a certain societal form, the capitalist one - in the relationship between schooling and the forms of hiring mathematics teachers who work in basic education in elementary school II, Southeast region, based on the analysis of the census microdata made available by INEP in the years 2011, 2015 and 2020 since these data, in addition to being official, subsidize the country's public policies, and, therefore, allow us to describe the reality of teachers who are working in the basic education network. This premise allows us to infer about the discontinuity of current policies. To this end, the Statistical Package for the Social Science for Windows (SPSS) software was used to compile the corpus of data, allowing the compilation of variables from the microdata of the basic education census, the teacher input of interest, and the critical analysis was based on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of dialectical historical materialism, which allowed us to understand the causal links and the movement through which these policies are implemented, seeking to develop a synthesis between the inseparability of these two dimensions of reality (quantitative and qualitative). The statistic data suggest that both the forms of hiring and schooling do not meet the legal provision according to the provisions of article 62 of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education, according to which the training of teachers will be done at a higher level, corroborating the crisis of the valorization of the career of these professionals.
Evolução molecular e caracterização do gene defective chorion 1 em Anastrepha fraterculus e Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera, Tephritidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Bisio, Mariana de Cássia; Brito, Reinaldo Alves de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8253066295947754; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5100657466794680
The Tephritidae family comprises many fruit fly species with predominance of frugivorous larvae, several of which of great economic importance. The fraterculus group is the most important species group, because it includes some of the most economically important species that cause damage to fruit production in Brazil and worldwide. Some species in this group are closely related, infest several host fruits, have a wide geographical distribution, and show considerable similarity and evolutionary proximity, which renders their identification difficult. Therefore, the investigation of genes with high evolutionary rates, such as the defective chorion 1 (dec-1), may be relevant for a better understanding of their phylogeny and the underlying differentiation forces involved. The gene dec-1 is involved with the production and modification of specific proteins that participate in the egg chorion formation during oogenesis. Evidence about this gene may bring relevant information on the differentiation of Anastrepha species. This work aims to investigate the molecular structure and the evolutionary patterns of dec-1 in order to understand the differentiation process of species in the Anastrepha genus, as well as among Tephritidae. A specific fragment of the dec-1 from two species of Anastrepha (A. fraterculus and A. obliqua) was amplified from samples collected in nature and compared to transcriptome sequences from next-generation data available in our laboratory. Conventional PCR was performed with specific dec-1 primers and fragments were submitted to Sanger sequencing. For structure prediction, dec-1 gene sequence of Anastrepha ludens was used as model. A group of orthologous sequences for this gene from other related flies was retrieved from NCBI and used to test for signatures of natural selection using clade and branch-specific methods with PAML and HyPhy software. In order to characterize the ovarian development, female ovaries of the species A. fraterculus were collected at different developmental periods, measured and submitted to statistical analysis. The ovarian characterization showed that choriogenesis probably occurs in A. fraterculus flies from 10 to 14 days of adult life, a period in which dec-1 gene products would be cleaved into isoforms and protein derivatives. The data collected from the ovaries proved to be informative to base and guide studies about ovarian characterization and reproductive development of A. fraterculus populations. A combination of transcriptome data with classical sequencing procedures allowed the identification of three alternative transcripts in both A. fraterculus and A. obliqua, corroborating the pattern found in other tephritids and recovering three of the six known D. melanogaster transcripts. Overall, there is evidence of purifying selection having a preponderant role both, for gene structure as well as along evolutionary branches. Despite evidence of a significant evolutionary conservation, some codons and branches under positive selection were detected, such as in the branch that separates A.obliqua flies, as well as on the separation of A. fraterculus into three clusters, and on the separation of Tephritidae from other Diptera. Analyses on some positively selected changes revealed seven non-synonymous changes that led to radical amino acid replacements which altered physicochemical properties. These results indicate that positive selection affected these regions during a specific evolutionary time and were fixed in different lineages, perhaps because it conferred some adaptive advantage. Thus, this gene showed some positively selected changes that seem to have been important to differentiate species in the group, suggesting that it might have a possible role in their differentiation process.
Francis Bacon em tríptico: uma análise das figuras pictóricas sob a perspectiva de Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Rezino, Larissa Farias; Silva, Cíntia Vieira da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1421439683179158; Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2327290855236039
S'appuyant sur l'ouvrage Francis Bacon : Logique de la sensation du philosophe français Gilles Deleuze, dans lequel le penseur analyse les tableaux du peintre irlandais, cette recherche vise à étudier l'élément de la Figure dans les tableaux de Bacon au crible d'autres concepts avec lesquels cet élément contribue à créer ou à défaire. À cette fin, la thèse s'articule autour de deux autres concepts qui sont au cœur de notre enquête et qui sous-tendent l'analyse des peintures, à savoir : Corps sans organes et Rostité. Ainsi, les autres livres de Gilles Deleuze et ceux écrits avec Félix Guattari, où ces concepts sont développés, sont utilisés comme principales ressources théoriques. Cependant, la thèse s'étend à d'autres auteurs à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de la philosophie. Divisé en trois axes — figure, corps et visage — le travail propose d'exécuter ces concepts dans les peintures en présentant non seulement une approximation, mais aussi la réverbération entre les créations de l'art et de la philosophie.
Banco de dados: ideação suicida, espiritualidade, drogas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Gonçalves, Angelica Martins de Souza; Cruz, Jefferson Pereira Maciel da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6648011576049252; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7265-5837
Curadoria transmídia em festivais audiovisuais e estudo de caso pós-pandêmico do MixBrasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Fischer, André; Massarolo, João Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3308336910966465; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5083-1601; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7828596132164484; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4616-8696
Technological innovations have caused profound transformations in the way audiovisual content is produced, understood, consumed, and programmed. The restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have significantly catalyzed the metamorphoses that were already transforming the foundations of both the film industry and the entire festival ecosystem. This research defines the concept of transmedia curation and explores the interaction between taste, politics, and programming throughout history, and considers the role of algorithms and the impact of curatorial choices on festivals. The analysis of the term and its application in audiovisual festivals is carried out using practical experiences from over 30 years on the MixBrasil Festival, particularly from 2020 onwards. The study reflects on the origin and consolidation of the film festival circuit, the effects of emerging technologies on the dynamics of festivals, and discusses the challenges faced by the audiovisual industry and potential future directions. It highlights the technological evolution of Brazilian LGBT+ themed audiovisual production, the adoption of digital platforms, and the adaptation of festival programming during and after the pandemic. Hashtags are identified as an initial literacy tool for both the general public and programming teams. This dissertation, written using the principles of inclusive language, addresses the path of incorporating immersive experiences, using extended realities (XR) such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), by analyzing the confluence between curation, technological innovation, and the specificities of LGBT+ festivals. In conclusion, the dissertation presents perspectives on the evolution of audiovisual festivals as a comprehensive phenomenon, as well as methodologies and practices for implementing transmedia curation in audiovisual festivals, contributing to the development and improvement of these events in the contemporary landscape.
O declínio da legitimidade democrática na América Latina: a relação entre democracia e economia e seus efeitos no comportamento político
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-06-29) Almeida, Bruno Henrique Martins de; Casalecchi, Gabriel Avila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9759794253878555; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1637-0180; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5469275242490764; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3070-9139
Con la emergencia de nuevos líderes y partidos populistas en Estados Unidos y Europa, se ha reavivado el debate sobre la crisis de la democracia y se ha puesto en riesgo la legitimidad democrática. En América Latina, se han presenciado casos explícitos de rupturas democráticas, principalmente debido a golpes de Estado y gubernamentales, así como rupturas por vías institucionales, ya sea por renuncias o destituciones (impeachment), lo que ha estimulado una revisión de los trabajos sobre la estabilidad de la democracia en la región. Mientras tanto, los datos del Latinobarómetro han demostrado que el apoyo y la satisfacción popular con la democracia y las instituciones que la representan han alcanzado los peores niveles registrados desde la redemocratización. En base a esta coyuntura, el objetivo de esta investigación es comprender las razones que explican este fenómeno en una región marcada por una mayor inestabilidad social y económica. Específicamente, nos centraremos en la relación entre dos variables: la legitimidad del sistema democrático y la percepción del desempeño económico. La hipótesis central es que, en una región con una fuerte inestabilidad social y económica como América Latina, la evaluación que hacen los ciudadanos del desempeño económico impacta en las creencias que tienen sobre el régimen democrático. En general, los resultados del análisis de la relación entre las variables de percepción de la economía y legitimidad democrática corroboraron la hipótesis planteada en esta investigación.