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Plenitude e funcionalidade da língua Guineense: um estudo sociolinguístico sob a perspectiva dos usuários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-08)
Djaló, Mamadú Saliu
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Rubio, Cássio Florêncio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8357993415342241
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-1381
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1247967736833400
Based on the assertion that languages generically called “creole” have different characteristics from other natural languages, the objective of this work is to point out whether the Guinean language (also known as “Guinean Creole” or Kriol) is a full, complete language, complex and functional for the Bissau-Guinean community, that is, if it covers all the communication needs of its users. In addition, this research intends to confirm whether the “creole languages” of the PALOP differ from each other, constituting independent systems of interaction. The theoretical perspectives of Crioulistics, Ecolinguistics and Sociolinguistics are used to debate the origin and formation of natural languages and also to characterize the languages considered “creole”. Although this debate contemplates different theoretical biases, this work is mainly guided by the assumptions of Labovian Sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008, among others). The research methodology involves the submission of four semi-structured questionnaires, applied to Guineans, Cape Verdeans and Santomeans, with the aim of collecting data related to the communicative effectiveness of the Guinean language, the use of this language in real situations of community interaction, the evaluation of users about the different languages of the territory and about intercomprehension and intercommunication between Guinean, Cape Verdean and Santomean. In general, the results revealed that Guinean, in the view of users, is a language effectively used in daily communication, contemplating communication needs. The Guinean interviewees pointed out that there was no need to resort to another language, such as Portuguese, in their interactions, denoting even greater comfort in the use of the Guinean language. Considering users of different “creole” languages, it was possible to verify that there is no understanding between these forms of communication, confirming that they are different languages and not varieties of the same language. The interviewees from Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe and Guinea-Bissau revealed, in their interviews, that, despite being proficient in the “creole” languages of their respective countries, these do not have enough similarities between them to allow for mutual understanding, necessarily leading to, to the use of a common language between them, effectively, Portuguese. These results, in general, show, firstly, that Guinean, from the point of view of its speakers, is a full and functional language, meeting, effectively and efficiently, all the communicative needs of users. And, secondly, the results of the interviews with users of different languages called “Portuguese-based creoles” confirmed that, although there is a relationship between these linguistic systems, from the point of view of their origin, there is no intercomprehension between the languages, the which currently constitute independent forms of communication, permeated by different linguistic, social and historical influences.
Filosofias, religiosidades africanas e educação: reflexões sobre o processo de ensino-aprendizagem no candomblé ketu do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-08)
Santos, Ademir Barros dos
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Ngoenha, Severino Elias
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Martins, Marcos Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4515924584428591
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-2030
This research seeks to detect and analyze how African autochthonous philosophies influence the educational process present in the candomblé of the ketu nation active in Brazil, to identi-fy whether this is responsible for sustaining the permanence of social beacons that, developed in the continent of origin, still operate in that candomble. Methodologically, the approach to the theme is characterized as a qualitative investigation of a theoretical-bibliographical bias, using different sources, whose data were enriched with the prospection and analysis of recent speeches given by African and Brazilian historians, philosophers and sociologists, active in teaching university and available, including, in a virtual environment. For Brazilian sources, priority was given to those linked, in addition, to the culture and religiosities of African origin, either by affinity or by belonging. The analysis used socio-historical and comparative methods to historicize the genesis of the Founding Houses of that belief, as well as the permanence of the educational processes present in the studied religious environment. The Afrocentricity par-adigm served as a disciplinarian of the research, whose theme, considering the exploratory investigation carried out for the formulation of the project, was practically undetectable in Brazilian academic production until 2019, the date of the beginning of this analysis. The re-sults indicate that African autochthonous philosophies are responsible for the educational pro-cesses preserved in the candomblé studied, which are based on civilizing values that Munanga (1984, 1988) points out as universal as sub-Saharan Africa, such as vital force, community, seniority, orality, lineage and ancestry.
Passivação de aços contendo baixo cromo (4 - 6 %massa) como reforços de matrizes cimentícias curadas por carbonatação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-08)
Felipe, Rafaela Farinha
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Koga, Guilherme Yuuki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-1139
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6726209661702152
Reinforced concrete, composed of Portland cement and carbon steel, is an affordable material for projects, with satisfactory mechanical properties for civil construction. The alkaline solution in the concrete's pores guarantees the steel's ability to spontaneously passivate. However, cement production manufacturing involves high CO2 emissions. Therefore, alternatives for replacing Portland cement with cements with a low CO2 footprint have been developed. This work combined the use of steels with low percentages of chromium (4% and 6% by mass) in synthetic concrete solution cured by carbonation. The steels were produced in an arc furnace, rolled and annealed, with the aim of mimicking the grain size. The characterization of the steels was carried out using x-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy and spark optical emission spectrometry. The steels subjected to synthetic solution were evaluated by electrochemical methods of open circuit potential (OCP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PP). The passive film was evaluated using XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy). The steels produced had a ferritic structure. Electrochemical tests showed that conventional rebars are susceptible to corrosion in the matrix cured by carbonation. Steels containing chromium contents of 4% and 6% showed passivation, as confirmed by OCP values > -150 mVHg/HgO, Rp (resistance to polarization) > 300 kΩ.cm², high impedance modulus at 10 mHz (׀ Z10 ׀mHz > 106 Ω) and formation of a passivation plateau along the anodic potentiodynamic polarization. The XPS tests also showed the presence of compounds such as Cr2O3 and CrOOH, typical constituents of resistant passive films. Therefore, this study showed the possibility of producing low chromium steels that are passivated in cementitious matrices solution cured by carbonation.
Avaliação do monitoramento hidrometeorológico na bacia hidrográfica do Alto Paranapanema (BH-ALPA) - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-08)
Azevedo, Leticia Teister
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Vasconcelos, Anaí Floriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6595801339743126
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0596-8251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8205613882246559
Faced with numerous discussions, both politically and environmentally due to conflicts over the multiple use of water, guidelines for the protection and management of water resources were developed and improved, which culminated in the current Water Law, Law No. 9.433/97. The effective articulation of water governance can occur through adequate integrated management, combined with the application of instruments for managing and monitoring water resources. Hydrometeorological monitoring is an essential strategy to ensure the sustainable management of water resources and prevent natural disasters. Faced with this question, this work aimed to critically analyze quantitative and qualitative aspects, such as the constancy and compliance with current legislation, and the data from the hydrometeorological monitoring networks of the Alto Paranapanema Hydrographic Basin (BH-ALPA). For that, the hydrometeorological database and the legislative references regarding water resources were evaluated in order to raise the quality of this information as well as its effectiveness in the management of the respective basin. The study was carried out through an integrated literature review, whose agenda is characterized by the understanding and analysis of legal issues regarding the monitoring and adaptation to the regulatory instruments of a Hydrographic Basin (BH). To determine the object of the research, the set of data available on HidroWeb was evaluated by checking the pluviometric and fluviometric stations located in BH-ALPA. The duration of the monitoring as well as the quality of the hydrometeorological data deal with critical aspects to guarantee the reliability of the analyzes and studies carried out. It must be ensured that the data is consistent, complete and representative of real conditions and available for long-term analysis to identify trends. The assessment of monitoring conditions at BH-ALPA revealed some inconsistencies and challenges faced. Still, there are gaps in the information that can lead to incomplete and imprecise analyses, making it difficult to make informed decisions. In order to overcome such issues, it is essential to invest in hydrometeorological monitoring infrastructure, including the installation of data collection stations in strategic locations, as stated in the goals of the Basin Plan.
O papel empresarial na manutenção da resiliência do trabalhador remoto no pós pandemia Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-08)
Morais, Milena Bragatti de
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Ferraz, Maria Cristina Comunian
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2893153253924855
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9734270940488166
The rapid implementation of remote work without prior preparation, combined with the pandemic context, has exhausted workers and leaders. The home environment, previously associated with rest and refuge, has become an extension of the workspace. The resilience of workers and managers is tested when facing these combined challenges. This final course paper aims to provide an overview of the difficulties encountered by workers and the strategies for maintaining resilience and quality of life in remote work that have been and can be adopted by organizations. The research was based on publicly accessible bibliographic sources, such as articles, reports, surveys, and other materials, in a non-systematic review on the subject. Here, the importance of organizational support perceived by the worker was emphasized, concluding that there is a healthy limit to the individual worker's resilience, and it is the organization's responsibility to identify and preserve it.
As tendências e perspectivas de ensino dos trabalhos sobre experimentação de física sobre o conteúdo de eletromagnetismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-09)
Pacheco, Beatriz Cabral
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Lopes, Nataly Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231
The present study refers to a bibliographical research with a qualitative approach on the potentialities of experimental activities for teaching Physics on the content of electromagnetism. We sought to analyze articles present in the scientific journal called Brazilian Journal of Physics Teaching that addressed the topic at teaching levels Middle and Higher Education, aiming to identify the different perspectives and trends that present these works in the existing literature. With the help of Content Analysis, we seek to point out and classify the methodologies, approaches and fundamentals epistemological elements present in documents, in their most distinct forms of representation, aiming at a detailed investigation into the nature of science and the method scientific that involves experimental practices. From this perspective, the results obtained point to a wide range of possibilities for using experimental activities, such as for example, its use as a means of exploring the relationship between Physics and reality, as a strategy for developing concepts and procedural skills, such as environment for problematizing different domains of knowledge, as a place privileged for teamwork, as a motivating strategy for teaching sciences, as a fertile cognitive environment for learning science and others. Therefore, the set of ideas developed in this work becomes an instrument convenient for reflecting on learning in the Electromagnetism Laboratory. Furthermore, we can also indicate paths for this field of research, such as exploring the teaching panorama that involves work on experimentation in the various Physics content, such as Modern Physics, Mechanics, Optics, Thermodynamics.
Estudo bibliográfico da avaliação formativa em contexto de ensino não presencial mediado por tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TDICs)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-09)
Goes, Lucas Serniker de Melo
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Almeida, Luana Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4647168712265513
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-6796
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737462137028873
In January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of the new coronavirus constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). At the national level, and specifically in the area of education, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic created challenges and required immediate changes, including the suspension of presential activities and adherence to the denominated emergency remote teaching (ERT). In this context, several processes were questioned, including the evaluation. Although the ERT was unprecedented, the experiences in distance learning in Brazil were not, which intrigued us to understand whether alternatives to what was experienced would not be part of the knowledge of the area. In this sense, and based on the premise that formative assessment processes are the most appropriate for enhancing learning, we ask ourselves: "What formative assessment instruments or strategies can be observed in non-face-to-face teaching experiences recorded in the academic literature of the educational area?". Based on this guiding question, this investigation intends to analyze the dimension of evaluation in non-face-to-face teaching experiences documented by the literature of the area, with the intention of understanding if and how the formative dimension of evaluation is present in these experiences. Considering the need to develop research that does not limit the concept of knowledge to isolated data, this investigation was based on a qualitative approach and used documental sources through bibliographical research as a methodological procedure. In this sense, we defined the data production technique as an interpretative analysis of selected academic productions. This bibliographical research is constituted of a wide bibliographical survey of articles, theses and dissertations published nationally between the years 1996 and 2021 (from the regulation of Distance Education in the ‘Lei de Diretrizes e Bases’ until the beginning of the pandemic period) about the formative assessment process proposed in non-face-to-face. In this way, it was intended to contribute to the advancement of discussions on formative assessment. In conclusion, it was possible to observe that the instruments and the FA strategies present in the experiences are diverse, however it was possible to verify characteristics that unify them, such as the recognition of making constant adjustments and the appreciation of student interaction. In addition, we understand that successful experiences with FA are generally linked to the continuous observation of the principles of investigation, intervention and inclusion, being necessary to contrast — based on these elements — what has been practiced and what is intended to be achieved.
Mapeamento de QTL's para componentes associados a biomassa em cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-09)
Cruz, Malú Del Socorro Carranza
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Balsalobre, Thiago Willian Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6066420127585507
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Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334
Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is one of the world's main agro-industrial crops, with about 124 countries producing sugar. During the 2021/2022 season, a global increase of 0.53% was observed, producing 181 million tons. Over the past 20 years in Peru, sugarcane has shown visible growth, with 2006 marking the year when growth began to accelerate. In 2021, production reached 12.309 million tons of cane, of which 79% were used for sugar production. Its importance lies in its use for sugar and ethanol production. Sugarcane is characterized as an autopolyploid with a high level of ploidy and aneuploidy in its gigagenome. The objective of this project was the identification and mapping of QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for agro-industrial traits in sugarcane, constructing a genetic map to identify genomic regions associated with plant height and diameter. The study population was developed by the Sugarcane Breeding Program at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). A total of 238 genotypes, derived from the cross between SP81-3250 and RB925345, were genotyped using SNP markers obtained through GBS (Genotyping by Sequencing) and evaluated in the field for plant height and diameter. By aligning the GBS sequences with the genomes of Sorghum and Saccharum spontaneum, approximately 152,000 and 250,000 variants, respectively, were identified. From this total, after all filtering steps and segregation analysis, 15,795 SNP markers were used to construct the genetic map. In addition, 285 gel-based marker fragments were also suitable for genetic map construction. A total of 2,016 markers were included in the linkage map, which consisted of 221 linkage groups, spanning 5,282 cM with a density of 3.06 cM.The mapping analysis identified two QTLs, one for plant height and another for plant diameter. For plant height, the QTL was located in linkage group 11, exhibited a 1:1 segregation pattern, and explained 6.38% of the observed phenotypic variation. For plant diameter, the QTL was located in linkage group 53, exhibited a 1:2:1 segregation pattern, and explained 4.59% of the observed phenotypic variation.
Sorção de resíduos da indústria sucroenergética na obtenção de agronutrientes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Antonio, Milena Maria
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Faez, Roselena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0654750186618555
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1263-7837
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1139444069757211
Productive processes aim for efficiency, profitability, and environmental sustainability, necessitating waste management to prevent environmental impacts. In the agro-industrial sector, vinasse and the ashes from sugarcane bagasse burning (SCBA) are prominent by-products in the sugar and energy industry. The first is a substance with nutritional value for fields but exhibits specific properties that could harm the environment in the long term. The second is a solid material with valuable adsorptive characteristics for effluent treatments. This project aimed to apply the adsorption capacity of SCBA to adsorb nutrients N, P, and K from vinasse and improve the characteristics of these agro-industrial wastes for subsequent use in agriculture. The washed/dried CBCA was initially used in sorption experiments with NH4+, K+, and total P from simulated standard solutions of K2SO4 and (NH4)2HPO4, representing the vinasse concentrations. Analyzing the ashes before and after sorption experiments was essential to explain their performance. Different characterization techniques (FTIR, XRD, BET, SEM, TGA, and DSC) showed that CBCA is a micro-mesoporous, heterogeneous material with irregular, fibrous tubular, spherical, and prismatic particles containing SiO2 in the form of quartz and cristobalite. Besides, smaller masses of ashes with a contact time of 6 h were promising with standard simulated solutions for N, P, and K sorption evaluation. The same ideal systems were replicated for vinasse, requiring adjustment of the sorption time to 24 h. The results for both tests showed success in kinetics, especially for K+ and NH4+, and allowed the correction of vinasse pH due to the alkaline character of the ashes. However, the sorption behavior of nutrient P was distinct due to factors such as ion size and charge differences and interactions between P and silicon (from CBCA). The sorption kinetic models for K+ and NH4+ present diffusional interaction with the medium, not necessarily controlled only by adsorption on active sites exhibiting non-uniform characteristics. The non-linear Freundlich model also showed adsorption sites with different energy levels and a multilayer sorption process. Therefore, the sorption of nutrients in vinasse is feasible, adding value to waste materials and reducing environmental impact when used in agriculture.
Aprendizagem da docência de professoras iniciantes em um programa de mentoria: processos reflexivos e autonomia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Machado, Micheli Fernanda
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Anunciato, Rosa Maria Moraes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3064136997342775
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1478-411X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6043276985613024
This doctoral thesis aims to analyze and comprehend the reflective processes and autonomy in the teaching learning of early-career teachers participating in the Hybrid Mentoring Program (PHM). The PHM was a research intervention that had the financial support of FAPESP and was developed from a constructive-collaborative perspective, combining both in-person and distance activities within a virtual learning environment (VLE) on the Moodle platform, through the UFSCar Professors Portal. In PHM, mentors (experienced teachers with over 10 years of experience) helped beginning teachers (with up to five years of experience) in their professional development. The methodology employed is qualitative and relies on descriptive and interpretative analysis of the narratives from novice teachers and mentors, both individual productions and the record of interactions in the PHM that constituted the data source. The results reveal that the Program has made significant contributions to the professional development of the participants. It was verified that the partnership established between novice teachers and mentors provided the teachers with help in situations of coping with the difficulties present in the school context and, by being inserted in reflective processes, they were able to rethink their own practices in a collaborative way, a fundamental factor in becoming an autonomous professional. The importance of programs like this was perceived as a subsidy for the elaboration of public policies that can contribute to the professional development of teachers throughout their careers. The narratives as a process of investigation and reflection proved to be important means to understand the contributions of the Hybrid Mentoring Program in building the autonomy of teachers at the beginning of their careers, the reflection on the practices of those involved in a context of social transformations and in the education system itself, as well as contributing to research in the field of teacher education.
Fotoeletrodegradação e determinação voltamétrica de Propranolol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Silva, Laís Pereira
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Moraes, Fernando Cruz de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8597473049054728
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3761586922669259
In this work, efforts were made to study the electrochemistry and application of semiconductor materials for the degradation of the drug propranolol. Semiconductors play a significant and indispensable role in advancing approaches to wastewater treatment. Within this context, this work developed photoanodes made from the semiconductor bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) deposited on the surface of conductive glass with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). The photoanode was modified with copper oxide (CuO) to form a heterostructure and the system was photosensitized with electrodeposited silver phosphate (Ag3PO4). Four photoanode configurations were developed for comparison, namely: FTO/BiVO4; FTO/BiVO4/CuO; FTO/BiVO4/Ag3PO4 and BiVO4/CuO/Ag3PO4. The materials were morphologically characterized using the techniques of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The electronic characterization of the materials was carried out using the diffuse reflectance technique. The electrochemical characterizations of the photoanodes studied were carried out using linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry measurements. Firstly, the voltammetric profiles of the photoanodes developed were evaluated and the photoanode with the highest current density, FTO/BiVO4/CuO/Ag3PO4. Subsequently, optimization studies of the photoanode were carried out, such as silver phosphate electrodeposition time and potential, LED power, support electrolyte, pH, among others, in order to verify the best experimental condition, since these studies can influence the intensity of the photocurrent. The processes of photodegradation, electrodegradation and photoelectrodegradation were evaluated to verify the influence of UVc radiation and the application of + 1.4 V during 4 hours of drug degradation. The degradation of the propranolol molecule was monitored using UV-vis spectroscopy. The percentage degradation of propranolol using each process and the FTO/BiVO4/CuO/Ag3PO4 photoanode was calculated, giving degradation percentages of 35.0, 25.0 and 68.5% for photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and photoelectrocatalysis, respectively. Propranolol concentration decay curves using the photoelectrodegradation system and the FTO/BiVO4/CuO/Ag3PO4 photoanode were obtained and used to calculate the kinetic constant, where k = 5.52 × 10˗3 min˗1 was obtained. For comparison purposes, propranolol degradation experiments were carried out using the photoanodes FTO/BiVO4; FTO/BiVO4/Ag3PO4; FTO/BiVO4/CuO and FTO/BiVO4/CuO/Ag3PO4, where the degradation rate was 25,5%; 13,7%, 33,5% and 68.5%, respectively. Finally, the Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis was carried out using the different photoanodes FTO/BiVO4; FTO/BiVO4/CuO; FTO/BiVO4/Ag3PO4; and FTO/BiVO4/CuO/Ag3PO4, where values of 15.6%, 20.0%, 23.2% and 25.7% were obtained, respectively. Based on these results, the energy involved in the degradation system was estimated at 10,1 kWh kg˗1. As the second part of the work, a sensor was developed using carbon black (CB) and tungsten trioxide (WO3) materials, where the voltammetric profile of the analyte was first evaluated against the different electrodes (GCE; CB/GCE and WO3-CB/GCE). The compositions and pH values for the support electrolyte were studied in order to obtain the best analytical signal (voltammetric response) for the determination of the antihypertensive. The parameters that influence the differential pulse voltammetry technique, such as amplitude, modulation time and speed, were evaluated and optimized. The values were selected (a = 30 mV, t = 15 mV and v = 20 mV s-1) considering the repeatability, stability and magnitude of the analytical signal for WO3-CB/GCE in the determination of PROP. The analytical response was linear over the concentration range 1.00 × 10˗7 to 2.53 × 10˗6 mol L˗1, and followed the following linear regression equation: Ip (μA) = 1.88 × 10˗2 + 0.122 [PROP] (μmol L˗1); r2 = 0.998 with a detection limit of 4.04 × 10˗8 mol L˗1 calculated as three times the standard deviation of the blank (n = 10), divided by the slope of the analytical curve (analytical sensitivity). The accuracy of the voltammetric procedure was verified through intra-day (n = 10) and inter-day (n = 3) repeatability studies for two different concentrations of propranolol. As a result, intra-day repeatability values of 4.52 and 1.59 were obtained for the two concentrations of 6.95 × 10˗7 and 2.15 × 10˗6, respectively. For inter-day repeatability, values of 5.39 and 1.84 were obtained for 6.95 × 10˗7 and 2.15 × 10˗6, respectively.
Merge trees decoradas e TDA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Falsarella, Guilherme de Carvalho
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Vendrúscolo, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602232587914830
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1490485501695324
In this document, first we will introduce Persistance Homology and Category Theory basic concepts. Afterwards, we will develop the Merge Tree Theory which will be useful to keep track of connected components evolution of a given dataset. Finally, we expand this Merge Tree Theory to be able to study the Decorated Merge Trees, where this decoration correspond to higher degree homology.
Estudo da síntese in situ de nanopartículas e filmes finos de óxido de zinco dopado com alumínio por rota hidrotermal convencional e assistida por micro-ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Serrão, Fernanda Thamiles de Jesus
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Cordeiro, Marco Aurélio Liutheviciene
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787678071396324
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6287-3083
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1256204352058724
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most interesting materials due to its wide range of applications in various optoelectronic devices, such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, sensors, UV absorbers, solar cells, among others. However, ZnO's low electrical conductivity limits several of its applications, despite being a promising material for optoelectronic devices due to confinement effects. One way to overcome this problem is by doping, substituting Zn2+ ions with group III ions (B3+, Al3+, Ga3+, and In3+), which can promote electrons to the conduction band and improve the optical, thermal, magnetic, and electrical properties of ZnO. Among these dopants, Al3+ is the most commonly used due to its small ionic radius and low production cost. In this context, this study aims to synthesize and analyze the synthesis parameters of Al-doped ZnO nanoparticles (AZO) by using hydrothermal routes under conventional heating and assisted by microwave irradiation, in an aqueous medium. The materials and synthesis parameters will be characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For the syntheses deposited on glass substrates, optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed.
Avaliando os efeitos de uma audiência punitiva versus de uma audiência não punitiva sobre a acurácia do relato verbal de crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Silva, Joice Cristina Cintra
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Cortez, Mariéle Diniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7927746584626515
The present study evaluated the effects of two different audience functions (punitive and non-punitive), whose discriminative functions were established experimentally, on the accuracy of children's verbal reports. Six typically developing children aged between eight and 10 years participated; however, the data from only three participants, who met the inclusion criteria, were considered for the analysis. "Doing" consisted of shooting at a target in a computerized game and "saying" consisted of reporting their successes and errors by clicking on one of two colored squares displayed on the screen after each trial (green for reporting successes and red for reporting errors). At the end of each session, the participant reported the number of points obtained during the task for the current audience (punitive or non-punitive). The experimental conditions were: 1) Baseline, which assessed the correspondence of the report in the absence of the different audiences and without programmed differential consequences ; 2) Establishment of the punitive and non-punitive discriminative functions of the audiences, which experimentally established the discriminative functions of the audiences (punitive and non-punitive) and 3) Test of the discriminative functions of the audiences, which assessed the correspondence of the report as a function of the different audiences, without programmed consequences. An adapted alternating treatment design was used to compare the effects of the two different audiences and a multiple baseline design across participants to compare the effect of introducing the different audiences in relation to the control condition. The data were analyzed in terms of the percentage of corresponding reports of errors during the computer game and the correspondence of the final report about the total points obtained for the different audiences at the end of each session. The results showed that two of the three participants showed an increase in the levels of correspondence of the reports made during the computerized game when the audiences were introduced. However, the levels of correspondence were not differentially influenced by the different functions of the audiences in the study. Parameters of the procedure for establishing the discriminative functions of the audiences were discussed as a factor to be better investigated in future studies.
O desenvolvimento da afetividade nas práticas pedagógicas na Educação Infantil à luz da Teoria Histórico-Cultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Tessarin, Maira Juliana
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Mello, Maria Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3686480544656683
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9493-9937
This research was carried out within the Center for Studies, Research and Extension on the School of Vigotsky (NEEVY). Based on the Historical-Cultural Theory, especially on Vygotsky's texts, we find the concept of emotions as a fundamental element for the learning of human beings. This is because, upon entering school, children are affected by feelings and emotions that influence their perception of relationships and the world around them. Consequently, such social learning situations are challenging for them and for the teachers' actions. Thus, this investigation proposed to expand the analyzes of research already carried out regarding the development of affection with children, in Early Childhood Education. That said, our research question intended to answer the following question: what are the main contributions and foundations found in current research subsidized by the Historical-Cultural Theory, for the development of affectivity in children in Early Childhood Education? Therefore, our objective was to deepen the theoretical-practical discussion regarding the pedagogical work for the development of affectivity in children in Early Childhood Education, based on the research already carried out in the Cultural Historical Theory. As a methodology, we carried out a bibliographical and theoretical research, based on the method of historical-dialectical materialism and the genetic method of the Historical-Cultural Theory, based on the procedures and instruments proposed by Salvador. From the applied descriptors and filters, we found 2,719 national and international articles, of which 17 referred to our object of study. Data analysis occurred through three guidelines. In the first, we address the characteristics of research on affectivity in Brazil and in the world; in the second, we relate the main concepts of the Historical-Cultural Theory for the development of affectivity and in the third guideline, we discuss the subsidies that contribute to the pedagogical practices. As a result, we obtained research carried out in all continents that demonstrated the overwhelming fact of the need to modify attitudes towards more affective relationships. We affirm through the results that the dichotomization between reason and emotion, affection and cognition are convenient to the political and economic context of the current capitalist society, and we have in the dialectic conception an essential instrument to seek this overcoming. As subsidies for teaching practices, we suggest that pedagogical practices focused on analyzing the quality of children's expressive signals. Thus, encouraging participation, cooperation, sharing, communication appropriate to the activity, games and games are important ways for the development of affectivity. On the other hand, repressions, punishments and fanciful lies have negative effects, as they crystallize negative emotional experiences. Another excellent tool is the use of Art and the child's imagination in pedagogical practices, with its use in the plastic arts, poetry, music, dramatization and role-playing, since this connection unites emotion, interaction, creation and fantasy in the same activity, in addition to enabling emotional anticipation. Another important result of the research is the advancement of the Historical-Cultural Theory in research in Brazil and in the world, as its theoretical assumptions, method, methodology and concepts make it an important theoretical reference to explain the need for affectivity in social relations.
Temos a terra, e agora, somos livres? : um estudo sobre o processo organizativo no Projeto de Assentamento Nova Tangará – Uberlândia, MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Vasconcellos, Inaê Soares de
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Scopinho, Rosemeire Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4770451465556845
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2915325152351594
The process by which people in the Nova Tangará rural settlement build (and deal with) their conditions of social and political organization and their socio-productive inclusion is the main theme of the work. With theoretical and historical support relating to the issue of land and ruralities in Brazil coming from the works of Ignácio Rangel, José de Souza Martins, Klaas Woortmann, José Graziano da Silva, Sérgio Sauer, Leonilde Medeiros, Bernardo Mançano Fernandes, and in epistemological consonance with Pierre Bourdieu in his notions of strategy, habitus and class, the following research question was elaborated: with land ownership, are subjects now autonomous? What is the content of this autonomy? The hypothesis is that most members of that settlement seek to maintain the highest possible levels of autonomy from the perspective of ownership. The idea of a settlement community, in this sense, would be a subjective inconvenience for most settlers; It would be better to have social recognition as a family farmer. A theoretical deepening was carried out, contained in the first chapter, identifying that land income, discussed by Ignágio Rangel, José de Souza Martins and José Graziano da Silva, is a fundamental category to understand the processes of individualization of subjects in their lots, difficulties in community organization and social and productive precariousness observed in the settlement. Regarding methodological aspects, the procedures were interviews, application of questionnaires and review of bibliography on the settlement in question. In the second chapter, the characteristics of the Movement that organized the occupation and the camp between 1999 and 2003 are discussed, as well as the relationships between that group, after the settlement was established, from 2004, and the settlers , observing the tension between property and autonomy inherent to this relationship. The third chapter seeks to identify and analytically elaborate the fundamental characteristics of autonomy/freedom and its relationship with the ownership of the lot for the settlers. In the fourth and final chapter, the most important discoveries of the work and the perspectives of community building are presented, as well as the challenges of this process.
Campos de vetores suaves por partes: preservação de medida, pressão topológica e dinâmica simbólica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-10)
Florentino, Marco Aurélio do Carmo
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Cassiano, Jeferson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1901026809787581
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Carvalho, Tiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3779225124392648
The study of piecewise smooth vector fields (PSVFs) has been consolidated in recent years not only because of the beauty of the theoretical results, but also because of the proximity of this area to applied sciences such as mechanics, engineering, electronics and biology, in addition to social sciences and economical. The main difference between PSVFs and smooth vector fields is the fact that there may not be unique the trajectory passing through each point a PSVF. With the existence of chaos, we can look for ways to calculate the topological entropy, since entropy estimates how chaotic the environment is system. In this work we follow this line of investigation and obtain a set of piecewise smooth vector field trajectories where the application of time one is well defined. In this way, we obtain a conjugacy between the itinerary of a trajectory contained in this set and sequences over a finite set of symbols. Thus, we study some aspects of thermodynamic formalism, more specifically topological pressure and, consequently, topological entropy for piecewise smooth vector fields, using topological conjugacy with one-sided shifts and the Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius Operator. Some relations between entropy, Hausdorff dimension and Minkowski dimension are also presented. In this sense, when the pressure is zero, we can use the Markov chain theory together with the Ruelle-Perron-Frobenius operator to calculate the relaxation time and estimate the mixing time for PSVFs. Finally, we introduce the concept of sliding-escaping connection for piecewise smooth vector fields and establish conditions in order to obtain a set of trajectories that preserves measure even in the case where sliding motion is allowed. As consequence, classical results from the ergodic theory of dynamical systems can be adapted for the context of piecewise smooth vector fields with a sliding-escaping connection, namely, the Poincare’s Recurrence Theorem and the Birkhoff’s Ergodic's Theorem.
Modelos alternativos para classificação em dados desbalanceados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-11)
De La Cruz Huayanay, Alex
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Bazán Guzmán, Jorge Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8040998023074358
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5174900495252139
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0746-0803
In binary classification, the most used method is logistic regression model. However, several authors indicate that this model is not suitable when the data are imbalanced; for this, different asymmetric link functions as alternatives for binary response models have been proposed, for example, in recent years the power (P) and reverse power (RP) distributions have been presented. In this work we develop new properties of the P and RP distributions in the context of models for classification on imbalanced data. Also, some metrics for classification are studied through a simulation study, and an application of the studied methodology is presented. In addition, we extend the binary regression models to the case of mixed models for binary classification in the context of a longitudinal studies. To evaluate the performance of the models, a simulation study is performed. Additionally, an application is considered concerning the studied methodology in a dataset in which the response is longitudinal and imbalanced. For parameter estimation the Bayesian approach is considered using a MCMC procedure through the No-U-Turn Sampler (NUTS) algorithm. Further predictive checks, randomized Bayesian quantile residuals and a measure of Bayesian influence are considered for model diagnosis. Different models are compared using model selection criteria.
Over the rainbow: as realidades cristãs nas ressignificações de sexualidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-11)
Guimarães, Fernando Augusto de Souza
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-3117
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9081757614929729
In this thesis, the dynamics of conflict and dispute in explanations about sexual diversity in Christianity are maintained sociologically, drawing a comparison between the interpretation of homosexuality produced within the institutional scope of the largest Brazilian Christian branches and the perception of LGBTQIA+ individuals who identify with such religious institutions. The research had as its starting point the field work in a digital environment, through the observation of the protected ones in the social networks by LGBTQIA+ individuals who defend and affirm their religious identity and use such platforms to promote spaces of reception, formation, and confrontation to the institutions of the which they are part, as well as their respective leaders. The selected universe encompasses Catholics, Evangelicals, especially members of the Adventist Church, and spiritists, with a view to understanding their role in social media, focusing on their speeches, in order to compare them with the official authorities of the religious institutions that they belong to, highlighting the instruments and discursive mobilized to pressured changes in them. Thus, it points to the centrality of religious experience in the construction of life narratives and discourses of these Christians.
Cinderelas modernas: o que os best-sellers juvenis ensinam sobre ser mulher?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-11)
Reiss, Thamires Andrade
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Auad, Daniela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8903433226323112
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0265961975853174
Following Montserrat Moreno's provocation Como se ensina a ser menina, and the intersection between feminist studies and education, the research explores elements that shape the socialization of girls and women through the analysis of two contemporary Brazilian young adult literature works: Cinderela Pop by Paula Pimenta and Confissões de uma garota excluída, mal-amada e (um pouco) dramática by Thalita Rebouças. The guiding assumptions and companion texts of the research engage with the literature surrounding the evaluation of sexism in children's books based on discourse analysis. Thus, they indicate the cultural construction of gender relations, possible influences, and the potential of literature in processes of subjectivity and education. The analysis of the selected works highlights the authors' trajectory, the extratextual elements of their books as objects in relation to other cultural products, and an analysis of the representation of eight female characters, according to their significance in the respective plots. The results indicate that both works perpetuate ideals present in the Cinderella tale, such as the relentless pursuit of conformity to beauty standards, female rivalry in the pursuit of male love, women's personal fulfillment conditioned by romantic involvement with a man, compulsory heterosexuality, and the denial of sexuality. These elements perpetuate a Cinderella-inspired education. In light of this, the research also establishes initial ideas and proposes a decinderelizing education that promotes quality of life, freedom, and fulfillment for all women.