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Indicativos de transtornos alimentares e segurança alimentar da comunidade LGBTQIAPN+: uma análise no campus Lagoa do Sino da UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-14)
Miranda, Luís Henrique Martins
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Silva, Ricardo Dias da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8093867838222662
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Santos, Leandro de Lima
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2750978055015275
This research study analyzes food safety and eating disorders in the LGBTQIAPN+ community of the Lagoa do Sino campus of UFSCar. In a global context, food safety ensures continuous access to food in adequate quantity and quality, seeking to be better and healthy for two individuals. Meanwhile, the UN reported that nearly 768 million people will face food insecurity in 2020, an increase of 118 million in relation to 2019. In this context, studies indicate that 68.8% of members of the LGBTQIAPN+ community in Brazil are in some degree. food insecurity, with 20.2% in serious food insecurity. Eating disorders are also becoming a growing concern, mainly among adolescents and young adults, causing biological and psychological prejudices, as well as increasing morbidity and mortality. This study seeks to analyze indicators of eating disorders that affect the nutritional safety of the LGBTQIAPN+ community on the Lagoa do Sino campus of UFSCar. The data collected through interviews with 35 participants offers an in-depth view of the issues faced by this specific group, drawing a view of the diversity of the research participants, where they are predominantly cisgender women between 21 and 24 years old, of white ethnicity and identified as bisexual. . The results also highlight the significant influence of social media on body and weight perception among members of the LGBTQIAPN+ community. Many participants reported negative thoughts about their own body images, influenced by social and cultural pressure to cater to parents of “ideal” bodies, which can lead to prejudicial eating behaviors and, in extreme cases, the development of eating disorders. Além disso, as interviews we discovered the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic do not need to be mental and feeding two students, or they emphasize the importance of considering external contexts, such as global events, to address questions related to mental health and nutrition. Therefore, the results of this study highlight the need to better understand the interactions between food safety, eating disorders and contextual factors in the life of the LGBTQIAPN+ community, especially in the academic environment.
Turismólogos no olho do furacão: o cotidiano do agente de viagens no período da pandemia da Covid-19.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-14)
Cardoso, Gabriel Antonio de Oliveira
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Silva, Vanda Aparecida da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9920701759600807
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7558-6443
On December 31, 2019, the world stage registered the trigger of, until then, the biggest pandemic of the 21st century; First identified in the Chinese city of Wuhan, in the province of Ubei, China, the Covid-19 virus spread throughout the world in a matter of months, drastically changing our way of life, and especially the direction of tourism on a global scale . Throughout the acute process of the pandemic that led us to social isolation, countless people had to adapt to new work formats, as in my case; and many others lost their jobs. The experience of living through a pandemic and being a Tourism graduate, working with companies in the field, also aroused interest in Travel Agency. Of vital importance to consumers of travel services who have been affected by cancellations of flights, travel packages and similar services during the pandemic period. This qualitative work brings the reports of travel agents, including the researcher's own experience, approaching an autoethnography, to reflect on the experiences, feelings, sensations, criticisms, fears, anxieties and the sudden need to learn to deal with with problems faced by travel agents, in a pandemic period. In the form of a timeline, the text analyzes the processes that emerged and took shape. This research is composed as a compilation of reports that guide the reader to understand how an event combined with the lack of preparation and training and support of professionals linked to the client's needs, can highlight the lack of qualified technical labor to face the most challenges, especially in times of crisis.
Modelo SKOS e ISO 25964: similaridades das recomendações para representação de tesauros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-14)
Ferreira, Suelen Camilo
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Dal'Evedove, Paula Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1170937498266968
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1521-2201
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3431602505451867
The Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) data model serves for the availability and interoperable sharing of different types of Knowledge Organization Systems (KOS) in the Web environment. Thesaurus-type KOS play an important role in information retrieval and adhere to the ISO 25964 standard specifically for their construction and mapping. In this scenario, two factors are considered: the SKOS model was already widely used when the ISO 25964 standard emerged, and SKOS recommendations encompass various types of KOS, while ISO 25964 recommendations focus on thesauri. These factors indicate potential similarities between SKOS recommendations and ISO 25964 recommendations. Mapping and analyzing elements that compose the model and the standard contribute to the study and development of thematic representation instruments such as conceptual thesauri. In this context, the objective is to present similarities between the SKOS model and the ISO 25964 standard for the representation of thesauri. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach, conducted through bibliographic research in national and international databases. The analyzed corpus totaled 25 publications. Eleven categories of similarities between the SKOS model and the ISO 25964 standard for the construction of thesauri were identified and discussed. The results provide theoretical and methodological contributions for the construction, migration, updating, and semantically interoperable maintenance of conceptual thesauri in the Web environment. However, few studies discuss the similarities between the SKOS model and the ISO 25964 standard. Suggestions for future and complementary research are presented.
Percepção dos colaboradores sobre os impactos da automação numa rotina operacional: o caso da ZF Itu
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-14)
Guimarães, Lucas William Martins
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Tomé, Lorenzo Pettenazzi
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Cunha-Nardy, Neila Conceição
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6586808642504798
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2348-8347
The automotive industry is known for its complexity and demand for high performance, requiring efficient management and continuous optimization of internal processes. This paper addresses the topic of process automation in an auto parts company. The research objective was to analyze the employees' perception, who are involved in the data extraction process through SAP at ZF Itu, regarding the automation of this process. The study is descriptive and explanatory in nature. The research approach is qualitative. The method used was a case study. Initially, a systematic literature review on processes and automation was conducted. Based on the contributions from the literature review, a questionnaire was developed as the data collection instrument, which was applied to 20 employees involved in the data extraction process. The results indicate that the employees perceive that the automation of the data extraction process has brought agility and efficiency, leading to improvements in the work of all involved. The majority of respondents believe that the automation of the process has yielded positive results. The findings also suggest that automation can be implemented in other processes identified by the company as potentially causing bottlenecks.
Registro de alimentos com alegações de propriedades funcionais no Brasil: uma revisão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-15)
Mendes, Ana Júlia Rodrigues
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Consoli, Larissa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0760277067023906
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0237-3906
The functional food and beverage market has been growing in recent years due to the concern of consumers with health and quality of life. Therefore, food industries are increasingly investing in products that bring functional properties and health benefits, which are called functional foods. There are many bioactive compounds associated with beneficial effects on human health. Among them, dietary fiber, carotenoids, probiotics, and omega-3 fatty acids are highlighted. However, for food functionality claims to be presented on packaging and advertising, it is necessary to register the products. In Brazil, currently, Resolution N°. 18, of April 30, 1999, establishes the Basic Guidelines for the Use of Claims of Functional Properties and Health Properties in Foods, while Resolution N°. 19, of April 30, 1999, presents the Technical Regulation of Procedures for Registration of Food with Claims of Functional and/or Health Properties on its Labeling. In addition to these resolutions, there are many other documents issued by the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) to establish the guidelines that must be followed by companies wishing to apply for this registration. The volume of information and the way it is presented by regulatory agencies can make the process very difficult. Thus, the present work aimed to present the definitions related to functional foods and functionality claims, and to gather and clarify the documents and steps necessary for requesting the registration of functionality claims with ANVISA.
Variabilidade espacial de atributos do solo e vegetação em sistemas de Integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-16)
Laurenti, Nicolle
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Bernardi, Alberto Carlos de Campos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5588269274851789
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-9235
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Rodrigues, Josiane
According to the concept of sustainability, agrosystems in the 21st century must be able to maximize the quantity of high-quality agricultural products and, at the same time, at the same time, conserve the system's natural resources. Within this perspective, the Integrated systems emerge as a sustainable production strategy. What does it say respect to the characteristics of the soil and vegetation of production systems, it is known that they can vary spatially depending on intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and the understanding the variability of soil and plant properties has potential to contribute to increasing productivity and quality, saving inputs, and reduction of environmental impact. In this context, the objective of the present work was to study the spatial variability of soil and vegetation attributes in an Integration area Crop-Livestock-Forest (ILPF) and in an area of Livestock-Forest Integration (IPF) in São Carlos-SP using Precision Agriculture tools. For this, they were evaluated in the study area physical and chemical attributes of the soil (depths 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m), its electrical resistivity (depths 0-0.5, 0-1.0 and 0-2.0 m) and attributes of vegetation (periods of April/2021 and April/2022). Regarding chemical attributes, higher pH values were observed in H2O, pH in CaCl2, potassium, calcium, magnesium, cation exchange capacity and base saturation in the ILPF system. As for the attributes organic matter, phosphorus and sulfate, there were no differences between the two systems productive. For all chemical attributes, with the exception of sulfate, it was noted decreasing values with increasing depth. In turn, there was no difference between the ILPF and IPF systems for the physical attributes sand, clay and silt, with the amount of sand and silt in the soil did not change with increasing depth, within the context of the classes considered in the interpolation process. For clay, On the contrary, it was noted that it increased with increasing depth. Concerning electrical resistivity of the soil, it was noted that it increased with increasing depth, with no significant difference between the two production systems. Finally, also no significant difference was observed between systems for vegetation attributes, concluding that growth in both height, DBH and volume of trees was relatively homogeneous. The results indicated that the techniques geoprocessing allowed storing, making available and integrating data georeferenced soil and plant attributes. And the spatial analysis of these attributes through interpolated maps can provide management tools for managing integrated systems
Saberes e não saberes de diretores: relações intra e interpessoais em ambientes escolares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-16)
Silva, Marcela Luiz Corrêa da
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Riscal, Sandra Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0328618752218708
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8012643944827497
In a socializing school, the goal is to experience “non-violent” relationships, which presupposes the commitment of everyone to the quality of teaching and learning, relinquishing judgements of value in conversations and attitudes. Based on theories and practices of conflict mediation techniques – with a focus on “Nonviolent Communication” – and on Bernard Charlot’s “Relation with knowledge”, there arise inquiries for this research, starting from the question: considering the various communications in the school and intra and interpersonal relationships in their environments, how have school principals constituted their knowledge and lack of knowledge? The objective was to analyze the knowledge and lack of knowledge of principals regarding their intra and interpersonal relationships, with a focus on nonviolent communication in school environments. The data were collected during the participation of 37 principals in the learning lesson called “Communication and Interpersonal Relations” in a School Principal Mentoring Program in the year 2021. Through data analysis, two Constellations emerged: the first one was about Ways of dealing with conflicts and interpersonal relationships in the school environment, and the second one focused on Ways of dealing with intrapersonal (subjective) conflicts. They were both analyzed based on the figures of learning of knowledge-object (theoretical perspective), know-how (practical activity), and know-how-to-be (relating). During the analyses, it was observed that principals aimed to develop nonviolent communication, self-awareness, and reflection on interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships within the school environment, as they know (knowledge-object) that this approach provides a fertile ground for more constructive and less violent dialogues in school. However, even though they know this, they don't always manage to translate this knowledge-object into practical know-how or know-how-to-be. The professionals realize that the absence of knowledge-objects, that is, theoretical aspects, hinder the resolution of problems related to the management team's function. Due to this lack of knowledge, there were feelings of insecurity and fear of assuming a management position, especially among beginners. The know-how-to-be and know-how are related to "leading a school," a knowledge-object that needs to be included in the training of a school administrator because, for some participating principals, leadership is only related to organizing events in work teams, with the focus on bringing the school community together in one place. While this is necessary for a school, school leadership is not limited to this perspective alone. In the accounts, it was heard that, when dealing with their intrapersonal (subjective) conflicts, they tend to transform these difficulties into challenges and, in this way, seek to overcome them. Conflict mediation supports the teaching and learning process of students because it aligns with the objectives of quality education, that is, to foster participative citizens who feel responsible for the development of a fair, supportive, empathetic, and democratic society. It was concluded that the knowledge and implications regarding the quality of interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships are related to the importance of language and various fields of knowledge, such as recognizing better interactions with oneself, others, and the world. This complexity of different educational phenomena can be developed in school spaces.
Alta costura, distinção e sustentabilidade: uma análise bourdieusiana da produção do discurso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-16)
Cordeiro, Mayara Affonso Martins
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Marzochi, Samira Feldman
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6466778428443375
Cette recherche a examiné dans quelle mesure le discours pro-durabilité se traduirait par une forme de recherche de distinction dans le domaine particulier de la haute couture. Nous avons analysé la possibilité que les agents/groupes produisent, à travers ce positionnement, des stratégies d’acquisition de capitaux spécifiques dans le cadre du litige sur le terrain. Pour cela, les principaux concepts de Bourdieu ont été utilisés comme cadre théorique prédominant : distinction, habitus, capitales et champs. Les objectifs spécifiques visaient à cartographier le terrain : le positionnement des marques, de leurs productions et des consommateurs. Nous avons sélectionné onze marques de la Fédération de la Haute Couture et de la Mode (FHCM), dont des membres permanents, des correspondants et des invités. Nous avons cartographié le terrain à travers l’analyse du discours des marques sur leurs sites internet ; dans des interviews avec les créateurs/couturiers sur les sites de Vogue Magazine et WWD ; Et nous envoyons un questionnaire pré-structuré aux marques afin de mieux comprendre leur relation avec la durabilité et leurs consommateurs. Le discours durable a été observé, en particulier, dans trois marques, mais n’a pas été légitimé par le titre de « haute couture ». Nos résultats démontrent la recherche de distinction en tant que marque de production durable, puisque la légitimité des dominantes est remise en question à travers un discours « éco-correct ». Ce discours a atteint le champ de la haute couture de manière marginale, afin de créer un sous-champ, structuré par le capital spécifique que ce discours détient.
Processo de oxidação eletrolítica a plasma (PEO) como alternativa para remediação de microplásticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-16)
Rodrigues, Lorena Alves
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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7280-2243
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Trivinho-Strixino, Francisco
The world broke its plastics production record in 2021. In this topic, microplastics (PM) have recently become one of the top four global environmental problems due to their abundance in terrestrial environments and aquatic and toxic potential for nature. Because it is omnipresent, the degradation and remediation of this material is a concern that has been taking place in the scientific community in the development of chemical techniques, in particular, the Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOPs). In the present work, the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process was used in an attempt to remediate polypropylene (PP) and blue ink (PT) microplastics. Aluminum electrodes (98,7%) immersed in an electrolytic solution of 0.1 mol/L Sodium Silicate containing approximately 0.15 g of microplastics were used. The process occurred under constant stirring on a magnetic stirrer and a current density set at 20 mA/cm2 for 90 minutes. Micrographs and compositional analysis data were used through EDS, obtained by the Scanning Electron Microscope and images from the Optical Microscope to analyze the change in the surface of the microplastics and electrodes. An analysis of the electrolytes before and after the PEO process was also performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify whether particles or other substances were moved from the PM to the electrolytic medium. The results suggested alterations in the surface of the microplastics. However, from the view of the results, it is not possible to affirm that the PEO process caused any alteration or if these are interferences only of the physical parameters (temperature, agitation, filtration). However, when analyzing the surface of the oxide formed on the electrodes, inorganic carbon was found, suggesting that this was formed from the treatments carried out in contact with the PP and PT samples. Despite the interaction between PM and electrode, it was not possible to identify, from the FTIR analysis curves, significant changes in the electrolyte by the PEO process with the samples.
Estudantes de ensino médio e COVID-19: apropriações acerca do conceito de vírus sob a perspectiva vigotskiana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-16)
Cunha, Alexia Liara
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Silva, Fernanda Keila Marinho da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2488415045917233
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https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6459-7757
This research addresses the formation of concepts from the Vygotskian perspective, through a didactic sequence, whose central theme was the COVID-19 pandemic. The sequence was elaborated and applied in the elective discipline with high school students from a state public school in São Miguel Arcanjo/SP. This research proposes to discuss the following question: What contributions can a didactic sequence, using the pandemic period as a context, offer to the development of scientific concepts/knowledge? The research objectives were 1) producing and discussing the application of a didactic sequence with the most general theme of the pandemic context; 2) discussing the appropriation carried out by the students from the application of this sequence and, 3) identifying the conceptual elaboration, especially the concept of virus, using exercises and activities carried out by the students. The bibliographic review presented in this dissertation indicated that concept formation is the point in almost all the works consulted. This shows us this is one of the important aspects of the Vygotskian approach and that several authors are committed to studying it, especially when dealing with activities developed in the classroom, as is the case of this research. Studies of this source are even more relevant in the educational scenario of secondary education reform. Three questionnaires were applied throughout the execution of the didactic sequence: the lifting of previous ideas (LPI) that started the didactic sequence; the intermediate questionnaire, elaborated with questions similar to those of the LPI and applied right after the end of the sequence; and the final questionnaire, designed to understand if generalization processes occurred months after the application of the didactic sequence. As contributions promoted by the didactic sequence, we mention the research of a relevant and concrete theme, experienced not only by the students involved, but by the world population; filling in gaps on the subject and research on the development of concepts related to the COVID-19 pandemic. When comparing the three questionnaires, it is possible to assure that, despite a few mistakes, the students performed well in the course of concept formation.
Design of an UHPC with local materials: procedures, properties and modelling parameters
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Santos Junior, Gilvan Bezerra dos
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Carnio, Marco Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9718956606062025
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-8555
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is a cementitious composite with high compressive and tensile strength and ductile behavior. Its mixture comprises Portland cement, silica fume (SF), a filler, fine sand, superplasticizer admixture, a low water-to-binder ratio, and a high steel microfiber volume. Although UHPC production is now disseminated worldwide, its manufacturing and property evaluation are complex. Hence, a correct selection of materials and equipment is necessary. This thesis focuses on developing and evaluating a UHPC mixture with local materials and available regular laboratory equipment. Initially, in selecting materials, each local raw material's mineralogical and chemical compositions and particle size were determined for an accurate choice. The mixing procedure was tested in a three-speed horizontal pan mixer with different stages to obtain a homogeneous and self-compacting mixture. The design method utilized was the Modified Andreasen and Andersen. After determining the initial composed mix curve, some adjustments refined the mix design to obtain the required properties. To validate the UHPC developed, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. The tests were performed according to the Brazilian Standards and the French NF P18-470. The compression test was carried out with low load rates to obtain the post-peak descending branch. The tensile curve was determined indirectly through an inverse analysis by 3-point and 4-point bending tests. In addition, the splitting test response was evaluated. Lastly, the mechanical tests were utilized to obtain the parameters needed to define the material in a finite element numerical analysis. This work confirms that producing UHPC with local materials and regular laboratory equipment is possible. Starting from the correct selection of materials and procedures, 130 MPa compressive and 6.5 MPa elastic tensile 28-day strengths were achieved with a practically self-compacting material and superior durability parameters of 1.02% air content and 3.0% water porosity. The step-by-step inverse analysis response was compared to simplified methods, and the French Standard Institute (AFNOR) and Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE) standardized tensile curves presented a better fit. Furthermore, the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model parameters were obtained and calibrated according to compression and flexural responses.
Substituição parcial/total dos aditivos alimentares nitrato e nitrito por fontes vegetais e tecnologias de processamento em salsichas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Silva, Kellen de Mello da
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Selani, Miriam Mabel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4857619853197645
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-742X
Cured meat products are commonly seen as harmful to health by consumers due to their high content of fat, sodium, and synthetic additives. In their composition, there is the addition of curing salts, known as nitrate and nitrite. Curing salts can be defined as food additives, applied in meat products to provide effects on color, flavor, and odor, as well as to maintain the microbiological quality of the product. Studies exploring potential replacements and reductions in the applicability of these salts in cured meat products have been developed, because of research indicating the potential carcinogenic effect in humans resulting from the ingestion of these products. The growing consumer demand for food containing natural/vegetable additives is related to health risk concerns associated with the consumption of these curing salts, where the challenge for the meat industry is to offer effective alternatives that reduce residual nitrite, from partial or total replacements of these additives by vegetable sources and processing technologies. This literature review brings possible alternatives to replace nitrate and nitrite in the manufacture of cured meat products, specifically in sausages.
Priorização de medidas de controle para gestão de riscos associados à segurança da água tendo em vista a captação superficial do Rio Corumbataí no município de Rio Claro – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Ferro, Luiz Henrique Rosolen
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Ventura, Katia Sakihama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-668X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2028213678530193
As a result of population growth and human development, water consumption has increased in recent years and is on the rise. The availability of drinking water, in turn, is in a scenario of scarcity due to social inequality and lack of adequate planning. Recognizing the current situation and the existing limitations, the Water Safety Plan (PSA) emerges with the intention of addressing the Water Supply System (SAA), being defined as a tool for studying the system, from capture to the consumer end, based on risk analysis and risk management. The PSA is a management tool focused on identifying dangerous events, determining control measures and prioritizing methods in order to guide managers in decision-making. Given that surface collection from the Corumbataí River is responsible for supplying 60% of the population of the municipality of Rio Claro - SP, its planning is essential. In this way, the present study sought to propose a set of control measures, in view of the existing dangerous events in the surface catchment of the Corumbataí River in the municipality of Rio Claro, with the purpose of assisting in the elaboration of the PSA. For this, field visits were initially carried out in order to identify existing measures that positively contribute to water quality, having identified actions related to the management of solid waste and maintenance of the transport route. Then, control measures regarding hazardous events were determined, based on the principle of multiple barriers. So, a method of prioritizing measures was developed, seeking: (i) relevance of the related dangerous event; (ii) execution time and risk reduction; (iii) adequate cost and; (iv) projections regarding future climate changes. Finally, it was possible to carry out the use of the method developed in the object of study in order to obtain, as a final result, the prioritization of control measures. The main control measures identified were those related to the recovery of the riverbanks, inspection of Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) and the list of materials likely to cause contamination.
Efeitos experimentais de estressores múltiplos na composição e estrutura de tamanho de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em clima tropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Sartori, Milena
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Saito, Victor Satoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312862423985585
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6112-7249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1125200896542188
Agriculture has increased exponentially in recent years, changing land use. Among the stressors related to agricultural activities that affect lotic ecosystems, the deposition of fine sediments, changes in flow and increased concentrations of hydrating nutrients stand out. In addition to taxonomic composition, changes in body size spectra (size-biomass relationships) can provide important information about ecosystem functioning. Our general objective in this work was to associate the size structure and composition in benthic communities with the impacts associated with intensification in land use, such as increased nitrogen concentration, reduced water flow and sedimentation, in mesocosm experiments simulating streams (system ExStream). Furthermore, we expected that multiple impacts would cause negative and less pronounced slopes in size spectra with environmental impact, due to the simplification of the food network and the presence of only resistant and efficient organisms that transfer more energy along the food chain. Contrary to expectations, size spectra showed a positive relationship between species abundance and size, changing systematically in relation to sedimentation and flow velocity. According to the size structure results, we observed changes in the composition of communities exposed to reduced water flow, and the interaction of this stressor with sedimentation was also significant. This interaction interferes with the abundance of many taxa of Chironomidae (Diptera), and rare genera were not presented in this treatment. These results provide new insights into the responses that macroinvertebrate communities can present to different stressors related to agriculture.
Criatividade e metacognição: desenvolvendo e avaliando um programa de estímulo na pós-graduação a distância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Casatti, Denise
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2765-865X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5151837943172277
The main objective of this study was to develop a program to stimulate creative and metacognitive skills in graduate students in distance education, evaluating its feasibility and quantitative and qualitative effects. The research also investigated the participants' knowledge about their own creativity, that is, their metacognitive knowledge of creativity, as well as how they performed metacognitive monitoring of creative tasks, focusing on exercises to stimulate fluency, flexibility, and elaboration skills. The intervention was conducted during the elective course "Creativity, Metacognition, and Communication: Stimulating Skills in the Educational Area", intended for 196 students and alumni of the specialization in Computer Science Applied to Education, a distance graduate program offered by the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science (ICMC) of USP. These students were divided into two groups (experimental and control), with 98 participants in each, and invited to sign the Free and Informed Consent Form and to respond all the questions proposed in the pre-test and post-test, in which were used as instruments the Torrance Verbal Creativity Assessment/Test and the Verbal Creativity Monitoring Technique. At the end of the eight-week intervention, consisting of five stimulating exercises proposed to the experimental group, 13 participants from each group met all the pre-established criteria for quantitative data analysis: they signed the Free and Informed Consent Form and responded to all the questions proposed in the pre-test and post-test. The quantitative results obtained in the pre- and post-tests showed that there were moderate effects in the experimental group, although not statistically significant, in relation to the measured creative characteristics. On the other hand, in relation to metacognition, moderate to large effects were detected, as well as greater accuracy, in the post-test, in the metacognitive judgments of creative tasks. The qualitative evidence of the program was presented through reflective thematic analysis, carried out on 265 texts, images, and other productions of the participants in the experimental group, as a consequence of the stimulating exercises. The results revealed that there were positive impacts on the participants in the experimental group, but there is potential to obtain more significant results in future studies, if the limitations identified in this research are overcome. The main contribution of the work was to prove the feasibility of implementing stimulation programs that promote the intersection of creative and metacognitive skills in graduate students in distance education.
Crescimento de oito espécies madeireiras sob duas condições de plantio: a pleno sol e sob dossel da restauração florestal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
José, Marina Pérola Zerbinato
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Agostini, Kayna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-3211
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9864876533192108
The planting of native timber species is a growing economic activity and a pertinent question, still not clarified, is the best moment to insert timber trees in forest restoration. These species are generally late secondary and shade tolerant, but can respond positively in growth to greater light availability. The objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that the initial growth of native timber species is faster when they are planted in full sun than when planted under a structured forest canopy. We evaluated the relative growth in height and diameter at ground level, and mortality of eight native species of the Atlantic Rainforest, at 12 and 19 months after planting, inserted in two different conditions and moments: in full sun, concomitantly with the pioneer species of the restoration, and under natural shading, in the understory of a forest restoration planting with structured canopy. It was also investigated, only in the shaded planting, whether the seedlings growth is related to the variation in light and vapor pressure deficit levels (VPD) on them. In general, the seedlings from planting in full sun showed higher growth and similar mortality to the seedlings in the shaded plantation, but both presented high levels of mortality. No effect of light and VPD variation was found on tree community growth, possibly due to the punctual way, in space and time, of data collection on temperature, relative air humidity and luminosity in the understory, which seems to not be effective for this purpose. However, at population level, seven of the eight species had significant responses to variations in light and DPV in the area, at some point. The results indicate that it is better to plant timber species in open areas, concomitantly with forest restoration pioneer species, when the objective is the rapid growth of arboreal individuals. To investigate the effect of varying light and VPD on the growth of a community of native timber species, different methods should be tested, such as hemispherical photos or data collections with prolonged exposures, using data-logger sensors. Future studies should evaluate seedlings planted in these different conditions, at more advanced ages, to understand the causes of high general mortality and evaluate the continuity of growth over time, in addition to investigating the architecture of tree individuals and the effect of rapid growth on the wood density, which are important factors for trees planted for the purpose of producing wood destined for sawmills.
Os desafios da educação ambiental na República Democrática do Congo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Moloway, Peguy Ndaya
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Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-1008
Like many countries around the world, the Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the countries that suffers from serious environmental problems due to human activities; almost twenty percent (20%) of its population lives and is concentrated in the capital, this fact generates an over exploitation of natural resources and causes several negative impacts such as pollution in ecosystems. It is in this perspective that we consider environmental education as a response to contemporary environmental and social issues. Thus, the present study will have as its main objective to find out if the Democratic Republic of Congo has engaged in environmental education, and in a specific way to identify the strategies adopted to enhance this environmental education and identify the advances in environmental education. In pursuit of the proposed objectives, the study was developed from the methodologies of bibliographic, exploratory and documental studies; these methods helped to form concepts and definitions through authors, books and articles, as well as legal documents. From the data collected, it was possible to identify that the country does not have a national policy on environmental education, nor clear and well-defined strategies, in addition to a weakness in terms of financing for investments in this sector; and the concept of environmental education in the Congolese public is little known. This scenario leads us to conclude that the federal and state governments need to pay more attention to their main responsibilities. That is, without an accessible strategy on the subject of environmental education, there will be no possibility of achieving the desired sustainable development.
Investigando Chlorolobion braunii em escala laboratorial: uma abordagem fisiológica para o entendimento do efeito sinérgico de cobre e LEDs branco/azul/vermelho na síntese de biomoléculas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Bolli, Julia
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3640
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9285996540081055
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms with extensive biodiversity and physiological plasticity, serving as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. They play a crucial ecological role by contributing to the balance of the food chain in these environments and maintaining climatic conditions through their biological CO2 mitigation activity. Through physiological and metabolic responses to environmental variations, the biochemical composition of microalgae can be altered, turning algal metabolism into a significant biotechnological tool to optimize biomass production and enhance the synthesis of high-value biomolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and carotenoids. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the element copper (Cu) and LED lights of white, blue (λ 420-470 nm), and red (λ 660 nm) colors on growth parameters, photosynthetic responses, and biomolecule production of the microalga Chlorolobion braunii. Cultivations were conducted in benchtop photobioreactors, with environmentally relevant copper concentration (5.0x10-7 mol.L-1). Growth parameters were monitored, revealing that higher growth rates were achieved under white and blue light (~ 1.0 d-1) compared to red light (~ 0.75 d-1). Photosynthetic parameters such as maximum and effective quantum yields and photochemical quenching were unaffected by the manipulations, while non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was higher under white and blue light (~ 0.3) compared to red light (~ 0.2). The hormesis effect was observed in protein production under the combination of red light and additional copper, resulting in a ~ 165% increase in protein content compared to the control under the same light color. Biochemical results demonstrated that copper addition favored biomolecule synthesis, notably oil production, which composed 80% of the dry biomass, suggesting the role of lipids as a preferred energy reserve in Chlorolobion braunii, highlighting it as a promising microalga for the energy sector.
Índice de aptidão de áreas para projetos de renovação urbana: estudos de caso das cidades de Cali na Colômbia e São Paulo no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Perea Álvarez, Randy
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Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-239X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6942783028611722
The majority of traditional centers in large cities in Latin America undergo processes of physical deterioration and population decline, demanding urban planning alternatives to address these issues. One possibility to enhance, valorize, improve, and integrate established areas within the city is through urban renewal, driven by a change in patterns that aim to stimulate mixed-use development and avoid urban expansion. This research proposes a method that relates qualitative and quantitative urban variables within analysis categories specific to urban renewal, such as land management, building capacity and urban conditions. The objective is to develop an area aptitude index for urban renewal projects (IAPRU) in the city centers of Cali, Colombia, and São Paulo, Brazil, during the year 2022. The results of the prioritized areas, as determined by the IAPRU, are presented through tables and thematic cartography produced using geographic information systems (GIS) tools.
Inibição da adesão bacteriana por nanopartículas revestidas de vesículas bacterianas de membrana externa (OMV)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Gonçalves, Mariana Ottaiano
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Zucolotto, Valtencir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5768000922241088
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
Antibiotic resistance is a global health threat. To combat resistant microorganisms, it is crucial to find natural alternatives with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. An innovative approach involves coating nanoparticles with biological membranes, transferring their properties and activating immune responses, potentially reducing multidrug-resistant infections. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, non-replicating structures, naturally produced from the outer membrane of Gram-negative species, which allow the inheritance of natural characteristics of the bacteria, and which can compete with binding sites and thus inhibit bacterial adhesion on host cells. In this work, we synthesized therapeutic nanomaterials based on poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) coated by OMVs in order to evaluate their in vitro interaction between pathogen and host, and their potential applications in nanomedicine. There were no significant differences in structure or physicochemical properties of OMVs isolated from K. pneumoniae under different bacterial culture conditions. In parallel, PLGA nanoparticles were synthesized using the nanoprecipitation technique with different fluorescent markers. The particles had a size ranging between 100 and 220 nm and a surface charge ranging between -30 and -35 mV. Then, the particles were coated with the vesicles extracted through sonication and the coated nanocarriers had a size of 200 nm and a yield of 1 x 1010 part/mL. Finally, these nanocarriers were tested for internalization in host and pathogenic cells and anti-adhesion capacity in lung cells. Our results predict the ability of nanocarriers to prevent bacterial adhesion in lung cells at certain times, concentrations and types of incubation. These results may help to understand how hybrid nanomaterials behave towards the host and the pathogen, and bring important benefits to the development of nanomedicine.