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Design of an UHPC with local materials: procedures, properties and modelling parameters
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Santos Junior, Gilvan Bezerra dos
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Carnio, Marco Antônio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9718956606062025
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2005-8555
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Parsekian, Guilherme Aris
Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is a cementitious composite with high compressive and tensile strength and ductile behavior. Its mixture comprises Portland cement, silica fume (SF), a filler, fine sand, superplasticizer admixture, a low water-to-binder ratio, and a high steel microfiber volume. Although UHPC production is now disseminated worldwide, its manufacturing and property evaluation are complex. Hence, a correct selection of materials and equipment is necessary. This thesis focuses on developing and evaluating a UHPC mixture with local materials and available regular laboratory equipment. Initially, in selecting materials, each local raw material's mineralogical and chemical compositions and particle size were determined for an accurate choice. The mixing procedure was tested in a three-speed horizontal pan mixer with different stages to obtain a homogeneous and self-compacting mixture. The design method utilized was the Modified Andreasen and Andersen. After determining the initial composed mix curve, some adjustments refined the mix design to obtain the required properties. To validate the UHPC developed, the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. The tests were performed according to the Brazilian Standards and the French NF P18-470. The compression test was carried out with low load rates to obtain the post-peak descending branch. The tensile curve was determined indirectly through an inverse analysis by 3-point and 4-point bending tests. In addition, the splitting test response was evaluated. Lastly, the mechanical tests were utilized to obtain the parameters needed to define the material in a finite element numerical analysis. This work confirms that producing UHPC with local materials and regular laboratory equipment is possible. Starting from the correct selection of materials and procedures, 130 MPa compressive and 6.5 MPa elastic tensile 28-day strengths were achieved with a practically self-compacting material and superior durability parameters of 1.02% air content and 3.0% water porosity. The step-by-step inverse analysis response was compared to simplified methods, and the French Standard Institute (AFNOR) and Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE) standardized tensile curves presented a better fit. Furthermore, the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) model parameters were obtained and calibrated according to compression and flexural responses.
Substituição parcial/total dos aditivos alimentares nitrato e nitrito por fontes vegetais e tecnologias de processamento em salsichas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Silva, Kellen de Mello da
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Selani, Miriam Mabel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4857619853197645
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-742X
Cured meat products are commonly seen as harmful to health by consumers due to their high content of fat, sodium, and synthetic additives. In their composition, there is the addition of curing salts, known as nitrate and nitrite. Curing salts can be defined as food additives, applied in meat products to provide effects on color, flavor, and odor, as well as to maintain the microbiological quality of the product. Studies exploring potential replacements and reductions in the applicability of these salts in cured meat products have been developed, because of research indicating the potential carcinogenic effect in humans resulting from the ingestion of these products. The growing consumer demand for food containing natural/vegetable additives is related to health risk concerns associated with the consumption of these curing salts, where the challenge for the meat industry is to offer effective alternatives that reduce residual nitrite, from partial or total replacements of these additives by vegetable sources and processing technologies. This literature review brings possible alternatives to replace nitrate and nitrite in the manufacture of cured meat products, specifically in sausages.
Priorização de medidas de controle para gestão de riscos associados à segurança da água tendo em vista a captação superficial do Rio Corumbataí no município de Rio Claro – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Ferro, Luiz Henrique Rosolen
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Ventura, Katia Sakihama
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0765182109837821
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-668X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2028213678530193
As a result of population growth and human development, water consumption has increased in recent years and is on the rise. The availability of drinking water, in turn, is in a scenario of scarcity due to social inequality and lack of adequate planning. Recognizing the current situation and the existing limitations, the Water Safety Plan (PSA) emerges with the intention of addressing the Water Supply System (SAA), being defined as a tool for studying the system, from capture to the consumer end, based on risk analysis and risk management. The PSA is a management tool focused on identifying dangerous events, determining control measures and prioritizing methods in order to guide managers in decision-making. Given that surface collection from the Corumbataí River is responsible for supplying 60% of the population of the municipality of Rio Claro - SP, its planning is essential. In this way, the present study sought to propose a set of control measures, in view of the existing dangerous events in the surface catchment of the Corumbataí River in the municipality of Rio Claro, with the purpose of assisting in the elaboration of the PSA. For this, field visits were initially carried out in order to identify existing measures that positively contribute to water quality, having identified actions related to the management of solid waste and maintenance of the transport route. Then, control measures regarding hazardous events were determined, based on the principle of multiple barriers. So, a method of prioritizing measures was developed, seeking: (i) relevance of the related dangerous event; (ii) execution time and risk reduction; (iii) adequate cost and; (iv) projections regarding future climate changes. Finally, it was possible to carry out the use of the method developed in the object of study in order to obtain, as a final result, the prioritization of control measures. The main control measures identified were those related to the recovery of the riverbanks, inspection of Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs) and the list of materials likely to cause contamination.
Efeitos experimentais de estressores múltiplos na composição e estrutura de tamanho de macroinvertebrados bentônicos em clima tropical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Sartori, Milena
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Saito, Victor Satoru
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3312862423985585
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6112-7249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1125200896542188
Agriculture has increased exponentially in recent years, changing land use. Among the stressors related to agricultural activities that affect lotic ecosystems, the deposition of fine sediments, changes in flow and increased concentrations of hydrating nutrients stand out. In addition to taxonomic composition, changes in body size spectra (size-biomass relationships) can provide important information about ecosystem functioning. Our general objective in this work was to associate the size structure and composition in benthic communities with the impacts associated with intensification in land use, such as increased nitrogen concentration, reduced water flow and sedimentation, in mesocosm experiments simulating streams (system ExStream). Furthermore, we expected that multiple impacts would cause negative and less pronounced slopes in size spectra with environmental impact, due to the simplification of the food network and the presence of only resistant and efficient organisms that transfer more energy along the food chain. Contrary to expectations, size spectra showed a positive relationship between species abundance and size, changing systematically in relation to sedimentation and flow velocity. According to the size structure results, we observed changes in the composition of communities exposed to reduced water flow, and the interaction of this stressor with sedimentation was also significant. This interaction interferes with the abundance of many taxa of Chironomidae (Diptera), and rare genera were not presented in this treatment. These results provide new insights into the responses that macroinvertebrate communities can present to different stressors related to agriculture.
Criatividade e metacognição: desenvolvendo e avaliando um programa de estímulo na pós-graduação a distância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Casatti, Denise
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Schelini, Patrícia Waltz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185333517392859
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2765-865X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5151837943172277
The main objective of this study was to develop a program to stimulate creative and metacognitive skills in graduate students in distance education, evaluating its feasibility and quantitative and qualitative effects. The research also investigated the participants' knowledge about their own creativity, that is, their metacognitive knowledge of creativity, as well as how they performed metacognitive monitoring of creative tasks, focusing on exercises to stimulate fluency, flexibility, and elaboration skills. The intervention was conducted during the elective course "Creativity, Metacognition, and Communication: Stimulating Skills in the Educational Area", intended for 196 students and alumni of the specialization in Computer Science Applied to Education, a distance graduate program offered by the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science (ICMC) of USP. These students were divided into two groups (experimental and control), with 98 participants in each, and invited to sign the Free and Informed Consent Form and to respond all the questions proposed in the pre-test and post-test, in which were used as instruments the Torrance Verbal Creativity Assessment/Test and the Verbal Creativity Monitoring Technique. At the end of the eight-week intervention, consisting of five stimulating exercises proposed to the experimental group, 13 participants from each group met all the pre-established criteria for quantitative data analysis: they signed the Free and Informed Consent Form and responded to all the questions proposed in the pre-test and post-test. The quantitative results obtained in the pre- and post-tests showed that there were moderate effects in the experimental group, although not statistically significant, in relation to the measured creative characteristics. On the other hand, in relation to metacognition, moderate to large effects were detected, as well as greater accuracy, in the post-test, in the metacognitive judgments of creative tasks. The qualitative evidence of the program was presented through reflective thematic analysis, carried out on 265 texts, images, and other productions of the participants in the experimental group, as a consequence of the stimulating exercises. The results revealed that there were positive impacts on the participants in the experimental group, but there is potential to obtain more significant results in future studies, if the limitations identified in this research are overcome. The main contribution of the work was to prove the feasibility of implementing stimulation programs that promote the intersection of creative and metacognitive skills in graduate students in distance education.
Crescimento de oito espécies madeireiras sob duas condições de plantio: a pleno sol e sob dossel da restauração florestal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
José, Marina Pérola Zerbinato
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Agostini, Kayna
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5894768661755535
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0038-3211
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9864876533192108
The planting of native timber species is a growing economic activity and a pertinent question, still not clarified, is the best moment to insert timber trees in forest restoration. These species are generally late secondary and shade tolerant, but can respond positively in growth to greater light availability. The objective of this research was to test the hypothesis that the initial growth of native timber species is faster when they are planted in full sun than when planted under a structured forest canopy. We evaluated the relative growth in height and diameter at ground level, and mortality of eight native species of the Atlantic Rainforest, at 12 and 19 months after planting, inserted in two different conditions and moments: in full sun, concomitantly with the pioneer species of the restoration, and under natural shading, in the understory of a forest restoration planting with structured canopy. It was also investigated, only in the shaded planting, whether the seedlings growth is related to the variation in light and vapor pressure deficit levels (VPD) on them. In general, the seedlings from planting in full sun showed higher growth and similar mortality to the seedlings in the shaded plantation, but both presented high levels of mortality. No effect of light and VPD variation was found on tree community growth, possibly due to the punctual way, in space and time, of data collection on temperature, relative air humidity and luminosity in the understory, which seems to not be effective for this purpose. However, at population level, seven of the eight species had significant responses to variations in light and DPV in the area, at some point. The results indicate that it is better to plant timber species in open areas, concomitantly with forest restoration pioneer species, when the objective is the rapid growth of arboreal individuals. To investigate the effect of varying light and VPD on the growth of a community of native timber species, different methods should be tested, such as hemispherical photos or data collections with prolonged exposures, using data-logger sensors. Future studies should evaluate seedlings planted in these different conditions, at more advanced ages, to understand the causes of high general mortality and evaluate the continuity of growth over time, in addition to investigating the architecture of tree individuals and the effect of rapid growth on the wood density, which are important factors for trees planted for the purpose of producing wood destined for sawmills.
Os desafios da educação ambiental na República Democrática do Congo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-17)
Moloway, Peguy Ndaya
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Figueiredo, Rodolfo Antônio de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0854609216769461
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-1008
Like many countries around the world, the Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the countries that suffers from serious environmental problems due to human activities; almost twenty percent (20%) of its population lives and is concentrated in the capital, this fact generates an over exploitation of natural resources and causes several negative impacts such as pollution in ecosystems. It is in this perspective that we consider environmental education as a response to contemporary environmental and social issues. Thus, the present study will have as its main objective to find out if the Democratic Republic of Congo has engaged in environmental education, and in a specific way to identify the strategies adopted to enhance this environmental education and identify the advances in environmental education. In pursuit of the proposed objectives, the study was developed from the methodologies of bibliographic, exploratory and documental studies; these methods helped to form concepts and definitions through authors, books and articles, as well as legal documents. From the data collected, it was possible to identify that the country does not have a national policy on environmental education, nor clear and well-defined strategies, in addition to a weakness in terms of financing for investments in this sector; and the concept of environmental education in the Congolese public is little known. This scenario leads us to conclude that the federal and state governments need to pay more attention to their main responsibilities. That is, without an accessible strategy on the subject of environmental education, there will be no possibility of achieving the desired sustainable development.
Investigando Chlorolobion braunii em escala laboratorial: uma abordagem fisiológica para o entendimento do efeito sinérgico de cobre e LEDs branco/azul/vermelho na síntese de biomoléculas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Bolli, Julia
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3640
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9285996540081055
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms with extensive biodiversity and physiological plasticity, serving as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. They play a crucial ecological role by contributing to the balance of the food chain in these environments and maintaining climatic conditions through their biological CO2 mitigation activity. Through physiological and metabolic responses to environmental variations, the biochemical composition of microalgae can be altered, turning algal metabolism into a significant biotechnological tool to optimize biomass production and enhance the synthesis of high-value biomolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and carotenoids. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the element copper (Cu) and LED lights of white, blue (λ 420-470 nm), and red (λ 660 nm) colors on growth parameters, photosynthetic responses, and biomolecule production of the microalga Chlorolobion braunii. Cultivations were conducted in benchtop photobioreactors, with environmentally relevant copper concentration (5.0x10-7 mol.L-1). Growth parameters were monitored, revealing that higher growth rates were achieved under white and blue light (~ 1.0 d-1) compared to red light (~ 0.75 d-1). Photosynthetic parameters such as maximum and effective quantum yields and photochemical quenching were unaffected by the manipulations, while non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) was higher under white and blue light (~ 0.3) compared to red light (~ 0.2). The hormesis effect was observed in protein production under the combination of red light and additional copper, resulting in a ~ 165% increase in protein content compared to the control under the same light color. Biochemical results demonstrated that copper addition favored biomolecule synthesis, notably oil production, which composed 80% of the dry biomass, suggesting the role of lipids as a preferred energy reserve in Chlorolobion braunii, highlighting it as a promising microalga for the energy sector.
Índice de aptidão de áreas para projetos de renovação urbana: estudos de caso das cidades de Cali na Colômbia e São Paulo no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Perea Álvarez, Randy
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Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9491069760631962
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8206-239X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6942783028611722
The majority of traditional centers in large cities in Latin America undergo processes of physical deterioration and population decline, demanding urban planning alternatives to address these issues. One possibility to enhance, valorize, improve, and integrate established areas within the city is through urban renewal, driven by a change in patterns that aim to stimulate mixed-use development and avoid urban expansion. This research proposes a method that relates qualitative and quantitative urban variables within analysis categories specific to urban renewal, such as land management, building capacity and urban conditions. The objective is to develop an area aptitude index for urban renewal projects (IAPRU) in the city centers of Cali, Colombia, and São Paulo, Brazil, during the year 2022. The results of the prioritized areas, as determined by the IAPRU, are presented through tables and thematic cartography produced using geographic information systems (GIS) tools.
Inibição da adesão bacteriana por nanopartículas revestidas de vesículas bacterianas de membrana externa (OMV)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Gonçalves, Mariana Ottaiano
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Zucolotto, Valtencir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5768000922241088
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
Antibiotic resistance is a global health threat. To combat resistant microorganisms, it is crucial to find natural alternatives with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. An innovative approach involves coating nanoparticles with biological membranes, transferring their properties and activating immune responses, potentially reducing multidrug-resistant infections. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, non-replicating structures, naturally produced from the outer membrane of Gram-negative species, which allow the inheritance of natural characteristics of the bacteria, and which can compete with binding sites and thus inhibit bacterial adhesion on host cells. In this work, we synthesized therapeutic nanomaterials based on poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) coated by OMVs in order to evaluate their in vitro interaction between pathogen and host, and their potential applications in nanomedicine. There were no significant differences in structure or physicochemical properties of OMVs isolated from K. pneumoniae under different bacterial culture conditions. In parallel, PLGA nanoparticles were synthesized using the nanoprecipitation technique with different fluorescent markers. The particles had a size ranging between 100 and 220 nm and a surface charge ranging between -30 and -35 mV. Then, the particles were coated with the vesicles extracted through sonication and the coated nanocarriers had a size of 200 nm and a yield of 1 x 1010 part/mL. Finally, these nanocarriers were tested for internalization in host and pathogenic cells and anti-adhesion capacity in lung cells. Our results predict the ability of nanocarriers to prevent bacterial adhesion in lung cells at certain times, concentrations and types of incubation. These results may help to understand how hybrid nanomaterials behave towards the host and the pathogen, and bring important benefits to the development of nanomedicine.
Avaliação tecnológica da substituição do óleo de palma em gelados comestíveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Munhoz, Clarissa da Silva
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Pereira, Gustavo das Graças
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6055750211001915
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-2565
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1495274229276664
This study aimed to test three lipid sources to replace palm oil in ice cream. The standard formulation (PAD) was composed of 6.5% of palm oil, 62.54% of water, 11% of glucose syrup, 11% of sugar, 6.5% of whey protein, 1.7% of skimmed milk powder, 0,65% of mix of stabilizers and emulsifiers, and 0.014% of annatto coloring. The other treatments differed from the PAD sample by the origin of the lipid source, where prototype 01 (PT1) used 6.5% of the blend of soybean fat, fully hydrogenated palm oil and palm stearin, prototype 02 (PT2) with 6,5% of coconut oil and prototype 03 (PT3) used 6,5% of the blend of shea oil and refined palm oil. The samples were submitted to analyses of rheology, air incorporation (overrun) and melting behavior, in order to evaluate the influence of these substitutions on their rheological, physical and stability characteristics. Based on the rheograms, the mixes showed a pseudoplastic behavior ant the PT3 and PAD samples showed the highest apparent viscosity values. With regard to the air incorporation and stability analyses, the PT1 exhibited the lowest overrun and the highest melting rate, as both parameters tend to be inversely related. Samples PT2 and PT3 presented intermediate results for overrun and melting behavior, being, therefore, possible alternatives to replace palm oil, the lipid source that presented the best technological results in the present work.
Newton versus Leibniz: uma luz sobre a controvérsia intelectual na descoberta do cálculo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Santos, Ronaldo Alberto Lima dos
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Carvalho, Silvia Maria Simões de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8244087426759161
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-9339
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0466706124537447
The purpose of this dissertation is to conduct a bibliographical research on the life and works of two of the greatest mathematical scientists of the 17th century, Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Although the mathematicians had a vast intelectual repertoire, the research focuses on the aspects of their works and the historical consequences of their contributions. It was possible to observe that the vast amount of knowledge possessed by these scientists led Newon and Leibniz to clash over the priority of the Discovery of Calculus, garnering supporters na creating adversaries. This dispute resulted in a certain nationalism and had repercussions for Mathematics, such as a significant stagnation in the advancement of knowledge production. This dissertation presentes the controversial Search to determine who initially developed Differential and Integral Calculus, showcasing the versions that emerged at the time and continue to be debated to this day. However, it is not the aim of this dissertation to determine the first discoerer of Calculus; instead, it seeks to highlight the historical facts that contribute to Newton’s or Leibniz’s discoveries and their significance for Mathematics. It becomes evidente that each of them arrived at the development of their ideas differently, and both were instrumental in enabling Calculus to sole problems across various fields.
Conservação e eliminação de DNAs satélites: a diferenciação do cromossomo W em Triportheus (Teleostei: Characiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Oliveira, Mariannah Pravatti Barcellos
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9173115368720465
The evolution of sex chromosomes raises several issues that have yet to be resolved, like why are repeated sequences often species-specific on sex chromosomes prone to accumulating? To better explore this, this work aims to trace the dynamics of satellite DNAs (satDNAs) accumulation and elimination along the pathway of W chromosome differentiation using the well-known Triportheus fish model. This fish genus stands out due to a conserved ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system present in all examined species. While the Z chromosome is conserved in all species, the W chromosome is smaller and exhibits differences in size and morphology. The presumed ancestral W chromosome is comparable to that of Triportheus auritus and contains 19 different SatDNA families accumulating on it. The results found in the analysis of five additional Triportheus species showed that most of these repetitions were probably eliminated as speciation was taking place and the W chromosomes continued their path of differentiation, while the Z chromosomes of some species began to accumulate some TauSatDNAs. Additional species-specific SatDNAs that made up the heterochromatic region of each of these chromosomes were most likely amplified after that. Therefore, the W chromosomes of the various Triportheus species have undergone significant evolutionary changes in a short period of time (15–25 Myr) after their divergence.
Histórias em quadrinhos nas bibliotecas de São Carlos: uma análise comparativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Thomazini, Felipe
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
From a comparative approach to the national scene, this study explores the insertion and informational treatment of comic books in libraries in São Carlos. Applied research with a qualitative approach and a descriptive objective. Includes a Bibliographic Research on how comic books are organized in libraries and a Case Study on four libraries with collections of comics in the city of São Carlos. It is found that there is no direct relationship between the size of each library's comic collection and the informational treatment employed. Although institutions that do not perform the classification, cataloging and indexing of items prevailed, three of the four libraries offer items for home loan based on a simplified control, contrary to the national scenario that keeps the collection restricted to internal consultation. It emphasizes the need to seek institutional support that comes through acquisition funds, consistent policies and professionals who know the potential of the comic books. It is highlighted that the initiative and personal dedication of enthusiasts should not continue to be a condition for comics to occupy cultural spaces and the promotion of knowledge.
Fora da caridade não há salvação: um ensaio sobre prestações altruístas no espiritismo e para além dele
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Santos Barbosa, Allan Wine
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Lanna, Marcos Pazzanese Duarte
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8355559441138016
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5082174765406564
This thesis proposes to discuss the importance of the notion of charity for Kardecist spiritism. Based on ethnographic material collected in a spiritist center in São Carlos, in the interior of São Paulo, it is argued that charity constitutes the encompassing value of the spiritist ideological system. Its implications for the day-to-day activities of the spiritist center and its visitors are discussed, as well as its centrality in soteriology and its relationship with concepts that are also fundamental for the religion, such as hierarchy, evolution, and mediumship. From this debate, we also seek to propose a broader analysis of the theme of charity from the bibliography of economic anthropology, carrying out this effort through the ethnographic problem that the notion of reciprocity poses for an ideal of disinterested charity, such as Kardecism conceives it. This proposal takes the debate, in the second half of the thesis, to historiographical incursions on some historical processes that marked key moments in the elaboration of the idea of charity as pure gift. Finally, it is also argued that a reflection on charity can promote new perspectives on fundamental notions and values of Western modernity, such as its notions of society, justice and its institutional arrangement for the care and control of the poor and underprivileged.
Variação dos sinais vitais e predição de desfechos negativos em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Cruz, Nayara Cristina Romão
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Leonardi, Naiara Tais
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1938682751518303
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0762-3932
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Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
Introduction: The Sars-Cov-2 virus is capable of affecting several systems of the human body, with heterogeneous, unpredictable and not fully understood clinical presentation and health outcomes. Vital signs translate the clinical status of patients and are easily accessible information, routinely obtained in clinical practice as clinical flags. However, it is not known whether the variation of these signs during the course of COVID-19 has predictive potential for negative outcomes. Objective: To analyze the variation of vital signs during the first 48h of patients hospitalized by COVID-19 and to verify their ability to predict negative health outcomes. Method: Retrospective observational cohort study involving 121 adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 admitted between March 2020 and June 2021 in the ICU/ward sectors. Clinical information was collected (age, gender, BMI); previous comorbidities; symptoms on admission; length of hospitalization; oxygen use and flow on admission. Regarding vital signs, the following were collected: temperature; heart rate (HR); systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and oxygen pulse saturation (SpO2), considering for analysis of the variation; standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and amplitude (max-min) during the first 48h of hospitalization. Patients were classified according to health outcomes into: negative outcomes (death and need for orotracheal intubation) and positive outcomes (hospital discharge). Results: 18 (14.8%) patients had negative outcomes and were older (65.06 ± 9.67 vs 53.02 ± 15.41 years), hypertensive (66.6% vs 33.0%) and had cardiovascular disease (33.3% vs 12.6%). Patients with negative outcomes showed higher HR variation (SD:7.93 ± 4.95 vs 5.26 ± 4.40; CV:9.05 ± 5.01 vs 6.44 ± 5.39; amp: 11.17 ± 6.98 vs 7.47 ± 6.25) and MAP (6.32 ± 2.95 vs 4.48 ± 4.10; CV: 7.03 ± 3.66 vs 4.79 ± 4.26; amp: 8.94 ± 4.18 vs 6.33 ± 5.80) compared to the group with positive outcomes. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.68 (95% CI 0.56;0.80, p<0.05) for HR variability variables (SD, CV and amplitude) and 0.69 (95% CI 0.56;0.82, p<0.05) for MAP variation variables (SD, CV and amplitude). Conclusion: higher HR and MAP variation during the first 48h of hospitalization may be related to negative health outcomes in patients hospitalized by COVID-19
Planejamento educacional: monitoramento, avaliação e controle social do Plano Municipal de Educação de Votorantim/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Silva, Camila Vieira Genkawa
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Lima, Paulo Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-4934
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8762789379788397
Through Law No. 13,005, of June 15, 2014, it was established that the Union, the States, the Federal District and the Municipalities should prepare their education plans. The objective of this research was to analyze the monitoring, periodic evaluations and ways of working of the bodies responsible for the Municipal Education Plan of Votorantim/SP, taking as a cut the period from 2015 to 2020, considering the work schedule, the monitoring flow, the assessment flow and referrals for flow correction. The research was exploratory, qualitative, bibliographical, with a semi-structured interview, taking Bardin's (2011) and Chizzotti's (2006) conceptualization as a reference, with a view to: a) discussing the National Education Plans in Brazil and the process evaluation and monitoring of its implementation among guidelines and technical guidelines; b) establish relations between the Municipal Education Plan of Votorantim and the call for evaluation and monitoring, regarding the design and scope of the foreseen goals; c) explain the perceptions of respondents in the municipality, through a semi-structured interview (member of the Coordinating Commission and Technical Team for monitoring and evaluation and form for members of the Municipal Council of Education), with a view to highlighting the referrals made in the context of social control in the implementation process. Considering that monitoring and evaluation provide subsidies for adjustments and improvements, while social control increases the transparency and responsibility of educational actions, the interviews with respondents showed the paths taken, but denoted impasses experienced as in technical training, mentioning that the carried out was not enough for the participants to understand the “step by step” of monitoring. Respondents also reported the need for dialogue with other municipalities, a lot of study on the subject, and it was reported that there was no support from the federal government to resolve doubts. Therefore, the results of the research indicated that the monitoring process, periodic evaluations and ways of working of the bodies responsible for the Municipal Education Plan of Votorantim/SP, in the period from 2015 to 2020, occurred, but it was evidenced in the speech of the respondents the limits and weaknesses regarding the principles of participation and social control, which lack constant qualifications, especially the coordination of actions, with the objective of fulfilling the established goals.
Implementação da automação de parâmetros para melhoria do processo de conformação por prensagem de massa de tamponamento para furos de corrida em altos-fornos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Albuquerque, Vinicius dos Santos Galhardo de
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Pandolfelli, Victor Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7369376873984839
A steel industry has played a vital role in global economic development, with blast furnaces being an essential component of this sector. Operational efficiency and the quality of products from blast furnaces are crucial for industry competitiveness. Pressing forming of burden materials aims to optimize the distribution of thermal and chemical loads in furnaces, directly affecting the quality of produced pig iron. Challenges in this process include variations in raw material characteristics, environmental fluctuations, and the need for precise control of forming variables. Inadequate control of these parameters can lead to low-quality pig iron, reduced yield, and increased operational costs. In this context, parameter automation emerges as a promising solution to address these challenges. Utilizing advanced technologies such as high-precision sensors, intelligent control systems, and optimization algorithms, real-time monitoring and adjustment of forming parameters become possible. This not only reduces human intervention, minimizing errors and enhancing operational safety, but also contributes to consistent improvement in forming material production, thus enhancing pig iron quality and overall blast furnace efficiency. The anticipated benefits of parameter automation implementation are extensive. Apart from improving final product quality and operational efficiency, waste reduction, standardized end products, decreased energy consumption, and optimized resource utilization are expected outcomes. Therefore, this research aims to explore the theoretical foundations of burden material pressing for blast furnaces, investigate available parameter automation technologies, and empirically assess the impacts of implementing these technologies in an actual industrial setting. To support this investigation, a comprehensive analysis of current literature, relevant case studies, and controlled experiments will be conducted. This study focuses on a project carried out at Shinagawa Refractories, located in Vinhedo-SP, which aimed to comprehensively automate forming parameters in a machine producing burden materials for blast furnaces in the steel industry. Previously, the machine primarily operated manually, resulting in inconsistent quality, production inefficiencies, lack of traceability, and material wastage. In response to these issues, a broad parameter interface encompassing three key categories—forming, pressing, and lubrication—was established. Each of the 30+ distinct burden material formulations required its own set of parameters due to variations in extrusion behavior. The project extended over several months due to the comprehensive parameter set and the need to customize parameters for each specific formulation. Following project implementation, the machine's performance over the subsequent five months yielded highly positive results across various dimensions. Particularly noteworthy were the excellent production volume records and increased productivity.
Bioprospecção da atividade antimicrobiana do caldo de fermentação produzido pelo endofítico Paenibacillus terrae isolado de Tabebuia spp. do Cerrado em co-cultivo com Bacillus thuringiensis e Bacillus megaterium
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Barbosa, Larissa de Cassia
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Sousa, Cristina Paiva de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9002619114161319
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7151-5085
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5440429000479101
As the second largest Brazilian biome, the Cerrado is classified as a “hot spot” for its several endemic species and the great threat of territorial loss, but its biodiversity is still little known. In this biodiversity there are endophytic microorganisms, which are in focus for acquisition and production of secondary metabolites, due to the biotechnological potential identified in them. The present study sought to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal potential of Paenibacillus terrae, an endophytic isolated from Tabebuia spp., and also its activity in co-culture with Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium, seeking greater bioactivity. For the microorganisms tested, inhibition halos (mm) of 8.6, 9.4 and 11.4 were detected for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, respectively. Against Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium, no inhibition was detected, probably due to selective inhibition. Paenibacillus terrae showed better results when co-cultivated with Bacillus megaterium, against E. coli and S. aureus, with halos of 10.6 and 9.5 mm, respectively. On the other hand, the co-culture with B. megaterium, against C. albicans, there was no inhibition. The same happened with the tests of co-culture of P. terrae with B. thuringiensis, against all tested microorganisms. These results should indicate a greater selective pressure among the microorganisms tested, generating the presence of inhibition halos. The action of Paenibacillus terrae was tested in relation to selected antibiotics, amikacin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, cephalothin, cefepime, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, oxacillin, sulfazotrim, teicoplanin, and tetracycline the greatest inhibitory potentials were against sulfazotrim, chloramphenicol and amikacin, with 37.3, 31.0 and 22.25 mm of inhibition. Carbenicillin, cephalothin, clindamycin and oxacillin did not inhibit. The data obtained are similar to other works and also indicate the permanence of microbial susceptibility to most of the tested antibiotics. The bioprospecting of endophytes is essential for the search for bioactive metabolites since the production of biomolecules can contribute as biocontrol agents, microbial and parasitic inhibition, as anti-inflammatories and in industry, pharmacy, medicine and biotechnology.
Controle de qualidade de polímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-08-18)
Braga, Rene
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Teixeira, Ivo Freitas
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9782517948999001
The quality control of polymers is an important area in the materials industry that aims to ensure the quality of polymeric materials used in various applications. Polymers are macromolecular materials widely used in different sectors, including the automotive, aerospace, and packaging industries, among others. Quality control is carried out through various methods, such as chemical analyses, thermal analyses, mechanical analyses, spectroscopy, and others. These methods allow for the characterization of a given material, the detection of impurities, the determination of physical and chemical properties, the evaluation of stability, and other parameters that affect the quality of polymers. Through proper quality control, it is possible to ensure that polymers comply with the necessary specifications for each application, thereby guaranteeing the safety and effectiveness of the final products. This work aims to demonstrate how polymer quality control is conducted, highlighting the methods used for this purpose and the importance of this process in today's world.