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Sinal de alerta: experiências educacionais no contexto de pandemia da COVID-19 nos municípios de Sorocaba e Votorantim/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-18)
Pinheiro, Rosa Aparecida
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Merighi, Renata Cristina Rogich
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Cavalheiro, Adilene Ferreira Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6292207464385037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9616524538043974
Este estudo apresenta experiências de dois sistemas públicos municipais de ensino do interior paulista no contexto pandêmico da COVID-19, que teceram ações educacionais para minimizar os impactos ocasionados pela suspensão das aulas nas etapas de distanciamento social -analisando, entre elas, a formação contínua dos professores como eixo comum em seus processos de reorganização e prática curricular. A metodologia utilizada é composta de pesquisa documental e relatos de professores quanto às possibilidades formativas ofertadas e atividades curriculares. Os resultados apontam que cada município construiu soluções, de acordo com suas peculiaridades, na condução de práticas necessárias na Educação Básica, traçando diversidades e semelhanças em suas ações educativas. Os espaços formativos foram de suma importância ao aprendizado coletivo, reestruturação curricular e trocas de experiências entre os professores nesta fase conturbada na qual a educação brasileira vivenciou no período pandêmico, quando o ensino remoto e o uso das tecnologias foram desafios para educadores desses municípios
Meditação, grupos e terapia ocupacional: uma abordagem autobiográfica do Projeto Presença
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-18)
Lambais, Gabriela
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Furlan, Paula Giovana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3590676003159251
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0971-7174
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6285446622214325
Starting university can be a time of several changes for young people, concerning their daily life, support networks and educational dynamics. This context can be harmful to students' mental health, making it necessary to promote health care practices. Meditation is a practice that can improve everyday life. Objectives: this study aimed to systematize the experience of creating and conducting a meditation project offered between 2018 and 2023; analyze the experience as a group device, meeting, learning, and welcoming, considering professional training in occupational therapy degree. Methodology: a qualitative study with an autobiographical approach was conducted using narrative and reflective descriptions. The analysis of the experience was performed using references from the Encounter Group (by Carl Rogers) and the Operative Group (by Enrique Pichon-Rivière). Results: the narrative made it possible to recall events, records, and photos based on the construction of a timeline containing professional training movements during graduation, in-depth studies in the field, and the process of meditation meetings. The Presença Project emerged from individual initiatives and collective interests in meditation in the university environment. Studies on meditation techniques were sought to support the continuity of meetings over time. During the project, the initiative was expanded to other contexts. Discussion: In association with Pichon’s inverted cone learning process, aspects of care that contributed to the learning of meditative techniques were identified, such as the environment, group management, relevance of events, moments of sharing, and interpersonal cooperation. The development of empathy, congruence, and unconditional acceptance (Rogers) were fundamental in allowing the group to be led with more freedom and intuition, based on personal and undergraduate life experiences. Conclusion: The training process in occupational therapy contributed to the foundation of knowledge about group theories, therapeutic bond construction, and the development of a singularized care process. Institutional support, such as research support grants, favored dedication to deepening studies and improving the project. In this case, it was observed that groupality is composed of a constant interaction within the person, group, and coordination. In the case of the Presença Project, meditation was a determining factor in forming bases for bonding, groupality, and the development of care strategies in the university daily context.
Ferramentas de ensino na conceituação da nanotecnologia na educação básica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-19)
Evangelista, Lucas Vairolette
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Filho, Edenir Rodrigues Pereira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3394181280355442
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Marques, Clélia Mara de Paula
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0451284088402660
TEACHING TOOLS IN THE CONCEPT OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN BASIC EDUCATION. Nanotechnology has a high impact on people's quality of life, being present in the development of clean energy, more efficient mobile devices, the treatment of diseases, the production of prosthetics, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, among others. However, the clarity and understanding with which this topic has been discussed in the media is questioned, so the aim is to clarify whether this knowledge is being announced to students in a way that is dissociated from their reality. It is also clear that despite the large amount of information available, quality is sometimes lacking in its preparation, failing to highlight fundamental points, such as its definition, impacts and relevance for the development of society. Therefore, through this work, it is proposed to apply a didactic sequence to a class of high school students from a public school in São Paulo, in order to verify their level of knowledge and familiarity with the topic of N&N, and also, teach basic and fundamental concepts regarding nanometric materials, their benefits and risks, advantages and disadvantages of their applications, seeking to encourage the development of a critical opinion based on scientific knowledge. To achieve this, this sequence was carried out in four classes, the first being a diagnostic assessment and debate, the second a demonstrative experimental practice, the third constitutes a presentation of student seminars on N&N applications, and the fourth was a final questionnaire on the content covered in the classes taught. It was concluded that students' knowledge about nanotechnology and nanoscience is still superficial, despite the profusion of currently existing technological applications and their dissemination in the media. Furthermore, there is a lack of cohesion in the writing and interpretation of texts in their responses and there is great difficulty in assimilating associated chemical concepts, so that a greater focus in future work on reading and the development of formal and chemical writing is suggested.
Ilhas de calor urbanas em Sorocaba/SP: uma abordagem com base no sistema das zonas climáticas locais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-20)
Santos, Fernanda Frois dos
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Martines, Marcos Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5317839291904450
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-2431
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Silva, Edelci Nunes da
The urbanization of cities increases as climate disruptions occur at the local scale. Therefore, it is considered important to study the dynamics of cities and the relationship between the urban climate, since it is on this scale that profound transformations take place. In view of this, this work aimed to analyze the surface heat islands and the urban canopy layer in Sorocaba/SP, based on the classification of LCZs in the municipality. The following methodologies were used: detection of surface heat islands through thermal images from the Landsat 8 satellite, definition of LCZs through the LCZ generating system, measurement of air temperature and relative air humidity through mobile transects and categorization of intensities of climatic heat islands. The results demonstrated that surface heat islands and climatic heat islands of fragility, medium and strong magnitudes occur in compact lowrise LCZs (LCZ3) throughout the urban patch. It was concluded that there are heat islands in Sorocaba.
Visão de maloqueiro: uma carta sobre as juventudes pretas faveladas, o funk e a saúde mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-20)
Andrade, Paula Fernanda de
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Ferigato, Sabrina Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3248396158325409
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7567-7225
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4139694012784127
In Brazil, one of the biggest cultural movements of peripheral youth in the 20th and 21st centuries is Funk, which emerged from urban popular culture, mainly in the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The funk movement aims to contest and challenge the hegemonic system, through music, dance, “dances” and its own aesthetics, evidenced by clothes, haircuts and accessories, popularly called “kit”. The central figure of funk culture is the boy, black, poor and from the favelas, who, contrary to the silencing structure in which he is daily inferiorized and segregated, through funk performance in search of protagonism. This protagonism can be read concretely in most funk lyrics. We could affirm that through funk, these young people exercise their cultural citizenship rights on a daily basis, as Chauí (2008) has proposed, as they actively insert themselves in their territories, produce themselves as subjects and invent forms of social participation in cultural circuits and politicians.This research aims to understand how black, peripheral and funk culture has produced the possibility of existence, creation and transformation of realities. As well as highlighting how the production of mental health occurs in this context, understanding here, mental health not as the absence of a disorder or illness, but as the experience of citizenship itself, subjectivation and the possibility of existing and creating new experiences and spaces of belonging in the world, that is, in the sense of the collective production of subjectivity. For this, methodologically, intervention research was used, with cartographic reference based on the interview technique to produce data in dialogue with the concept of Writing by the author Conceição Evaristo. Six self-declared young participants, black, peripheral and funk fans, were interviewed. The results were presented based on eight dimensions: (1) characterization of participants, (2) Conceptions of mental health, (3) Black emotionality, (4) Memories, belongings and records, (5) Collective and political action, ( 6) the body, corporeality and the aesthetic dimension, (7) Racism and everyday life and (8) Negritude, funk and the field of mental health. It concludes that the field of mental health is urgently positioned to contribute to the promotion of racial equity and the deinstitutionalization of racism, which David and Vicentin (2020) called the Aquilombamento process. In this sense, funk cultural production needs to be highlighted in this field, since it presents itself as a powerful expression of the ethical, aesthetic and political dimensions of the mental health of the young black Brazilian population, and points us to clues for the production of care practices and of social transformation.
Análise da ocorrência, distribuição, riqueza e endemicidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte no Mata Atlântica brasileira, com ênfase no Centro de Endemismo Pernambuco e nas abordagens não invasivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-20)
Oliveira, Marina Elisa de
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Galetti Júnior, Pedro Manoel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7398754661670478
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5916-6126
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3652140758600140
The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) is globally recognized as a biodiversity hotspot, harboring high species richness and endemicity while suffering from intense anthropogenic threat. Three Pleistocene climate refuge centers are recognized in this biome: São Paulo, Bahia and Pernambuco. However, rapid contemporary climate change associated with other anthropogenic activities reduces species distribution area, impacting species richness, and may result in the extinctions of many species. To understand the responses of medium and large mammals of the BAF to climate change, we built species distribution models and compared species richness and endemicity for the past (21 000 years ago), present and future (2081-2100). We also examined the potential change in distribution between the present and the future in each of the BAF refugia. To understand the evolutionary history of the communities, we calculated the phylogenetic diversity of each refuge. We observed patterns of contemporary richness and areas of endemism congruent with the areas of the Pleistocene refugia. Phylogenetic diversity revealed different evolutionary histories in each refuge and the presence of phylogenetically distant species in the area of lowest richness (Pernambuco refuge), indicating that ecological diversity may be preserved. Our results highlight the widespread and negative impacts of climate change on mammal distribution. The species distribution modeling approach requires accurate and reliable species identification and occurrence data. Many mammal species, especially carnivores, occur at low densities, which makes them difficult to detect and study. Through a systematic literature review we explored how fecal DNA, a noninvasive sampling approach, has been used to study carnivore species considered rare. We investigated the applications and techniques that have been employed, the sampling effort required and the efficacy of fecal DNA in detecting rare carnivores. We compiled data from 250 papers and found that fecal DNA is a valuable source of genetic material for determining species, individual identity, and sex, among other applications. Fecal DNA was found to be more and equally efficient in determining the number of individuals and species present, respectively, compared to alternative methods. Among the three BAF refugia, the Pernambuco Endemism Center (PEC) or Pernambuco refuge deserves to be highlighted for its smaller area, scarce studies, and intense anthropogenic threat, resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation. Therefore, it is essential to determine the efficiency of sampling methods to produce rapid and reliable assessments. We compared five noninvasive survey methods to assess the medium-sized mammal community in a forest fragment immersed in a sugarcane matrix. We identified thirteen species and discussed the results in relation to the group of species detected, the proportional detection success and the latency to first detection of each method. We expanded the molecular identification of feces to six important areas of the PEC in the state of Alagoas searching for native Canidae and Felidae species. We identified two species: Leopardus tigrinus and Cedocyon thous. The results show the usefulness of fecal DNA sampling for detecting rare species, such as L. tigrinus, but also reinforce the process of defaunation in the region. The findings in each of these chapters are relevant to the conservation of mammals in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, shedding light on strategies and actions that can be taken to preserve the biological diversity of this ecosystem.
Além das medidas: abordagens lúdicas e desafios da OBMEP na compreensão do conceito de área
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-20)
Silva, Silmara Louise da
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Caetano, Paulo Antônio Silvani
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0370219014539994
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0084128003025003
This project consisted of conceiving, implementing, and applying a didactic sequence that used diverse pedagogical approaches, including the use of manipulative materials, to explore concepts and problems related to the field of polygons. The activities were carefully planned to progressively increase the level of challenge, aiming to stimulate students to develop strategic thinking skills in solving specific problems from the Brazilian Public School Mathematics Olympiad (OBMEP). The didactic sequence was applied to 8ᵗʰ grade students at a municipal school in the city of Poços de Caldas during the second semester of 2022 and the first semester of 2023, and the results were analyzed and validated from the perspective of didactic engineering.
Método simplificado para cálculo e avaliação do uso combinado de técnicas compensatórias no manejo de águas pluviais em escala de loteamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-20)
Peroni, Carolina Sulzbach Lima
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Vasconcelos, Anaí Floriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6595801339743126
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Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
The increase in impacts resulting from soil sealing and the inefficiency of conventional urban drainage systems has been emphasizing with greater magnitude, the need to rethink the conventional urban planning implemented in a large part of Brazil. Several alternative approaches to conventional stormwater management are known and successfully applied internationally; and, at a national level, they are in the (slow) process of being incorporated into the technical environment. The use of Detention Basins - BD to control and/or avoid new flooding points, in Brazilian cities of different sizes, is an increasingly common practice that demonstrates efforts to minimize such impacts, as well as reinforce the inefficiency of the existing infrastructure for current climatic and urban conditions. In view of this context of increasing advances in the adoption of these measures, the present study seeks to demonstrate, based on the proposition and application of a Simplified Method of Calculation and Evaluation of the combined use of CT (aailable at the link: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/18zHM ObhFsCdC8Y6rbsf7RxWcP6lzP0c0?usp=drive_link), that the temporary storage and/or infiltration must be studied/planned from the lot scale, with the use of existing public areas in the allotment, called Lowered Green Areas - AVR. For this, four simulation arrangements were defined, namely: (1) without AVR; (2) with AVR in lots; (3) with AVR in public areas; and (4) with AVR on lots and public areas. This set of arrangements were simulated in three study areas, with different land use and occupation, but all with Detention Basins. The adopted parameter of comparison was the reduction of the dimensions of the BD, due to the distribution of AVR upstream. The simulations were carried out and, as expected, there was a reduction in the volumes of detention, and it was even possible to discard this unit, in some cases. The lag of peak times depended on the dimensions of the AVR (subject to change by the user), varying according to the rainfall adopted. These results proved to be positive for the implementation of storage and infiltration structures at different scales, but emphasizing that all these combinations influenced the reduction of the surface runoff volume and the delay of the peak flow; having little influence on the absolute value of the latter for the post-occupancy condition. The analysis of the hydrological behavior, through the entry and exit hydrographs of the BD, made it possible to identify that in addition to the hydrological benefits, it is essential to define other possible non-hydrological aspects for choosing the best arrangement. Finally, it was demonstrated that the development of a simplified method of calculating and evaluating compensatory techniques constitutes an instrument that can greatly facilitate the study of the use of these techniques, in an isolated or combined way, expanding their possibilities, but also identifying its limitations.
Síntese de óxidos nanoestruturados de CuO/Cu2O por spray pirólise micro-ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-21)
Cancellieri, Igor Charaba
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Gunnewiek, Rodolfo Foster Klein
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5185829124608696
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Cordeiro, Marco Aurélio Liutheviciene
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4787678071396324
The advancement of science and technology at the nanoscale boosted an increase in the nanostructured ceramic materials applications, from the manufacture of electronic components to scaffolds for human bones development. Amongst these materials, metallic oxides are of particular interest due to the range of possible applications, notoriously optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. Uniting their properties with quantum effects related to the nanoscale, materials with high performance (i.e., improved properties) or even new applications (i.e., new or atypical properties, not found in their bulk equivalent) find important employability in the modern industry. Consequently, there is a great demand for more efficient and green synthetic techniques, combining production, speed and lowers costs. Spray pyrolysis is one of most important technique in this group by its low cost and high efficiency in the production of powders and nanostructured films, well known in the manufacture of photovoltaic cells, catalytic processes, among other diverse applications related to film formation and nanostructured material production. In face of its potential, this study focusses on the development of spray pyrolysis by using microwave as a heating source for the synthesis of CuO/Cu2O, to improve the technique efficiency and green status.
Desenvolvimento de métodos analíticos para determinação de constituintes inorgânicos em solventes industriais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-21)
Rodrigues, Sabrina Poliana de França
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Nogueira, Ana Rita de Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7034773971317045
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3049046358793522
Controlling the content of inorganic constituents in solvents from industrial processes is necessary to monitor the process and meet the final product forecast. In this way, the calcination and digestion procedure assisted by microwave radiation was adequately offered for the determination of Fe, Cr and Ni in butyl acetate (butyl ethanoate – CAS 123-86-4) by plasma optical emission spectrometry. Inductively coupled (ICP OES). Recently, the Solvay Group found an opportunity to enter the pharmaceutical market by offering isopropyl alcohol (propan-2-ol – CAS 67-63-0), produced at the Paulínia plant, as an input for this segment. To meet this demand, a product sheet should contain a series of analyzes based on the methods of the American Pharmacopeia (USP, United States Pharmacopeia), including potential inorganic contaminants. In view of the above, a procedure was developed and validated for the determination of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni and Pb, which are some of the analytes that must be monitored in the isopropyl alcohol (propane-2) sample. -ol – CAS 67-63-0). To this end, alternatives for sample preparation and operational conditions for inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) determination were evaluated. Sample dilution in acidified aqueous medium and radiation microwave-assisted digestion were evaluated as sample preparation procedures. Regarding reliability methods, external reliability was evaluated based on an analytical curve in an acidified aqueous medium and the matrix compatibility method. The results obtained were statistically evaluated in relation to selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision. The analytical methods presented included adequate linearity through the values of r and r2, the evaluation of residues and the homoscedasticity obtained for the majority of inorganic impurities in both proposed methods. The limit of detection and quantification of the curve meets the planned request (LOD < 0.1 mg L-1; LQ < 1.0 mg L-1).
O jovem Machado de Assis e a tradição retórico-poética nos primeiros poemas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-21)
Rodrigues, Cristiane Nascimento
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Marques, Wilton José
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5763590592946918
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2559-9331
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6638831119413271
The present thesis, "The young Machado de Assis and the rhetorical-poetic tradition in the first poems," offers analyses and interpretations of ten poems authored by the literary figure hailing from Rio de Janeiro, originally disseminated through the 19th-century periodical press. Since the colonial era in Brazil, knowledge of Rhetoric and Poetics, along with the practices of Eloquence and Oratory, especially the sacred one, circulated and flourished through manuals, treatises, and compendiums crafted by masters and scholars of the subject. Throughout the 19th century, virtually all Brazilian authors were, in some capacity, steeped in the disciplines of Rhetoric and Poetics, as evidenced by the enduring presence of these subjects in the curriculum of the Colégio Dom Pedro II, a standard educational institution in the country, for almost the entire imperial period. Thus, it is presented here an analytical reading aiming to elucidate how the principles, norms, and rhetorical-poetic values manifest in the composition of Machado's initial poems. To achieve this, a meticulous selection of poetic compositions has been made: “Soneto” à Ilma. Sra. D.P.J.A, “A saudade”, “O pão d’açúcar”, “O meu viver”, “Dormir no campo”, “Minha musa”, “Consummatum est!”, “Cognac!...”, “Álvares de Azevedo” e “Ao Carnaval de 1860”, published, the first, in “Periódico dos Pobres”, by Antônio Maximiano Morando, and, the others, in “Marmotas” by Francisco de Paula Brito.
Bibliotecas enquanto espaços de inclusão para pessoas com Síndrome de Down
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-22)
Merichelo, Paula Maria Pereira
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Galvão, Maria Cristiane Barbosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9163421021115381
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3971-5743
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
Down syndrome is one of the most prevalent disabilities in the world's population. In this context, there is a set of specific demands regarding the possibilities of support both for people with the syndrome and for those who share their routine. This study seeks to understand the perception of professional librarians about the services and information products available to people with Down Syndrome, in libraries in the city of São Carlos, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. As a method, opinion research in human sciences was used with an exploratory and cross- sectional character, through a data collection instrument developed for the research. The participants' answers were described by simple frequency of absolute number and for the open question of the questionnaire a qualitative analysis was performed with grouping in thematic categories. The results showed that the librarians interviewed did not have specific training to meet the informational demands of people with Down Syndrome, but they are interested in seeking information and training to improve their professional practice and promote social justice and accessibility. Their suggestions included the need for continuing education on the subject and raising awareness of the class in relation to the informational specificities of all audiences. This diversity of opinions and considerations highlights the importance of promoting debate and reflection on care for people with Down Syndrome in libraries. It is essential to invest in training, interprofessional partnerships and technological resources to offer an inclusive, accessible and quality service.
Estudo de caso: CAR e georreferenciamento no Município de Campina do Monte Alegre/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-23)
Barbosa, Rafael Terra
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Toledo, André Marcondes Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1920147531988000
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1756543439446302
In order to seek a holistic understanding of the national territory, several initiatives that aim to expand and improve the mapping and control of Brazilian rural areas have been implemented by Brazilian government bodies, including the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and the Land Management System ( SIGEF) examples of systems developed for this purpose. Investigating the functionalities of the platforms and checking consistency between them is important to evaluate the efficiency of the initiatives and encourage integration between them. Using the municipality of Campina do Monte Alegre - SP as the object of study, the processes of obtaining environmental data by CAR and SIGEF can be applied, establishing a comparison between the data, in addition to evaluating the situation of the municipality in terms of its geographical characteristics. The results obtained showed that there is a certain overlap of areas declared in the CAR in the municipality of Campina do Monte Alegre, in addition to a significant number of properties not yet georeferenced according to the criteria of the property registration process in SIGEF. It is concluded that although the initiatives studied are very useful and efficient in several aspects for expanding knowledge of the national territory, improvements in the registration process are desirable, as well as actions to increase property owners' adherence to the systems and make the more agile process.
Modificação superficial de um sensor eletroquímico Flexível com polipirrol e nanotubos de carbono pela técnica Lbl para detecção de paraquat
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-25)
Amaro, Stefanny Franco
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Ferreira, Marystela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4714185516263478
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9459-8167
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0068466529035437
Due to their various characteristics such as low cost, flexibility, and mechanical strength, polymers have increasingly fostered interest as a platform for sensors. These characteristics are ideal for application in wearable, point-of-care, and other types of electrochemical devices. The use of various polymeric materials with the addition of graphite — an easily obtained and low cost compound — allows the substrate to be used as a sensor for electroanalytical detection. Thus, this work aims first to fabricate flexible sensors based on biodegradable polymer (poly(adipate co-butylene terephthalate)) and graphite and then modify this flexible sensor from the technique of self-assembled films or Layer-by-Layer (LbL). This technique allows nanostructured films to be obtained by alternating layers of anionic and cationic materials, and thus, materials such as carbon nanotubes (NTCs) and polypyrrole (PPY) will be used for the production of self-assembled bilayers in order to improve the electrochemical properties of the sensor that will be used in the detection of Paraquat — an extremely toxic herbicide for animals and humans. The physical-chemical characterization of the modified electrodes confirmed the nanostructured modification in the gPBAT, which showed a decrease of about 16° in the contact angle in relation to the pure gPBAT, indicating that the LbL film made the electrode more hydrophilic. The FTIR analysis identified the presence of a band in the region of 3360 cm-1 attributed to the O-H, the pyrrole hydroxyl group. The modified electrode was used for PQ detection using differential pulse electrochemical (DPV) technique. The concentration range for detection was 0.1–2.1 μM, with a limit of detection 0.073 μM and R² equal to 0.996. Modification of gPBAT with LbL film in architecture (PPY/NTC)7 resulted in a sensor with excellent sensitivity, selectivity and stability. In addition, the electrode is simple, easy to build, requiring small amounts of materials for surface modification and promising for application in the detection of pollutants in the environmental area.
Envolvimento da neurotransmissão do fator liberador de corticotrofina (CRF) no hipotálamo lateral nas respostas cardiovasculares e comportamentais ao estresse em ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-26)
Barretto-de-Souza, Lucas
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Crestani, Carlos Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1117432571971568
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1942-858X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5795792232582121
The lateral hypothalamus (LH) is a hypothalamic area implicated in the integration of physiological and behavioral responses to stress. Indeed, it has been demonstrated the involvement of the LH in cardiovascular responses to stress and in the control of behavioral responses related to anxiety and depression. The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system has been shown to be an important neurochemical mechanism in the central nervous system involved in the etiology of behavioral changes and physiological adjustments induced by exposure to aversive situations. In addition, chronic exposure to aversive situations affects the expression of CRF components in brain regions involved in the control of stress responses. Therefore, the hypothesis of our work was that the CRF neurotransmission present in the LH is involved in the cardiovascular and anxiety-like behavioral changes induced by acute or repeated restraint stress, as well as in the cardiovascular changes induced by chronic variable stress (CVS). Initially, we investigated the effect of bilateral microinjection of the selective CRF1 receptor antagonist CP376395 or the selective CRF2 receptor antagonist antisauvagine-30 (ASV-30) on cardiovascular responses during acute restraint stress. It was identified that microinjection of CP376395 or ASV-30 into the LH decreased the tachycardia response during an acute session of restraint stress, but without altering the pressor responses and tail skin temperature drop. We also compared the effect of LH treatment with CRF1 or CRF2 receptor antagonists on cardiovascular responses during the 1st and 10th session of restraint stress. As observed in the acutely stressed animals, we identified that treatment of the LH with CP376395 or ASV-30 reduced the tachycardia response during the 10th restraint stress session. Furthermore, treatment of the HL with CP376395 increased the tail skin temperature drop response during the 10th restraint session. In addition, we evaluated the involvement of LH CRF1 and CRF2 receptors in the control of anxiety-like behavior induced by an acute or 10 sessions of restraint stress. We identified that treatment of the LH with CP376395 or ASV-30 inhibited the ansiogenic-like effect in the elevated plus maze (EPM) induced by the acute session of restraint stress. We did not identify behavioral changes in the EPM in animals repeatedly subjected to restraint stress, and pharmacological treatments also had no behavioral effect when administered before the 10th restraint session. The evaluation of the influence of the CRF system on the cardiovascular changes induced by CVS indicated that antagonism of either CRF1 or CRF2 receptors in the LH prevented the impairment in baroreflex activity observed in animals subjected to CVS. Finally, the effect of exposure to repeated restraint stress (RRS) or CVS on protein levels of CRF receptors in the LH was assessed. It was observed that RRS had no influence on the levels of both CRF receptors, but CVS caused an increase in CRF2 receptor protein levels, but without altering CRF1 receptor levels. In summary, the data of the present study indicate that CRF neurotransmission in the LH mediates cardiovascular and behavioral responses to acute and chronic stress.
Padrões Ecogeográficos da interação parasita-hospedeiro: uma abordagem EcoHealth
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-26)
Silva, Guilherme Gonzaga da
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Ferreira, Rhainer Guillermo Nascimento
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2440863332849994
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6951142089667006
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-8817
One of the most recognizable biogeographic patterns is the latitudinal gradient of biodiversity. From it, several other patterns have been derived and studied for decades. The interactions among organisms are also subject to these patterns. Of particular interest are the parasitic organisms, since many of these organisms act as vectors of pathogens of medical and veterinary interest. The close dependence of parasites on their hosts generates particularities in the way these organisms respond to variations in different biotic and abiotic factors. The elucidation of these elements can subsidize innovative interdisciplinary approaches such as ecohealth, which seeks to integrate human, animal, and environmental health. Thus, the present thesis aimed to explore the bioclimatic factors at macroscale and the role of population distribution dynamics and diversity of hosts and vectors in host-parasite interactions. The results added evidence of the role of abiotic gradients on parasites at a broader scale and indicate that different modes of parasitic lifestyles can lead to different responses to these factors. It was also demonstrated that host biodiversity influences the transmission of pathogens in systems involving vectors. However, the inclusion of multiple host-parasite systems can hinder the study of these interactions due to the underlying complexity of population dynamics.
Caracterização de biominerais a partir das interações entre vivianita e acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, sob diferentes substratos sedimentares, como potencial para bioassinaturas em condições marcianas pretérita
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-27)
Janolla, Thaís de Agrella
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Pacheco, Mírian Liza Alves Forancelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3481327026891705
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-2321
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Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho
The concept of “life” has not yet been established, nor has its origin been clarified. This represents a challenge for the areas of science that strive to investigate the possibility of life in environments other than Earth. Thus, NASA, in a transdisciplinary effort, has increasingly promoted space technologies with the aim of investigating places suitable for the establishment of life on Mars and identifying their biosignatures. Therefore, studying and characterizing biominerals and chemiofossils on our planet is extremely important, considering the fundamental processes that lead to the synthesis of minerals in the presence of microorganisms. This will provide a knowledge base that will enable comparisons with rocks and sediments from Mars. In vitro experimental approaches become important due to the possibility of a detailed study of these processes in controlled environments. Thus, the oxidation of Vivianite, iron phosphate common on Earth and potentially present on Mars, by the bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was studied to obtain energy, with the aim of characterizing the precipitates formed when different substrates are present. To this end, characterization techniques such as micro-Raman FT-IR and SEM-EDS were applied. Therefore, we contributed to the understanding of the formation of biosignatures and the influence of substrates, and can be applied to terrestrial and Martian environments.
Adolescer: interações sociais e construção identitária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-27)
Bonelli, Maria Aparecida
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Wernet, Monika
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6056127658896265
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1194-3261
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766165900569194
Adolescence is a period that encompasses major changes, physical, psychological, social, among others. It is surrounded by the loss/relocation of the “childish”, by the feeling of not being/wanting to be children anymore. The (re)structuring of identity is launched in the midst of and mobilized by discoveries, bodily changes, hormonal effects, desires and uncertainties that need to be understood and accommodated. The specificities of this phase present themselves as challenges for health professionals, when expanding perspectives, knowledge, skills and abilities emerge as pressing and necessary. Professional attitudes, in my opinion, are disconnected from adolescence. In the health literature, a greater presence of productions focused on risk behaviors and chronic health conditions of adolescents is identified, compared to those that focus on identity and autonomy and the possibilities for professionals. In view of the above, seeking contributions to the health of adolescents with directives to the identity process and, challenged by the guidelines to contain the COVID-19 pandemic, this study was developed in two stages. The first, considering the school as a living space for adolescents, as well as the possibility and potential of the partnership between it and the health sector, included carrying out action research, with the proposal to promote dialogue about relationships and identity adolescents, so that they can explore the issues raised in this theme, supported by the pedagogical strategy of Paulo Freire's Culture Circle. Interdisciplinarity and intersectorality in promoting health and life is a challenge, there is an urgent need for investment in partnerships between Primary Care and schools, health and education professionals, to care for adolescents and their families. In this way, the reflections of this study culminated in the recognition of the power of this partnership based on educational acts in an emancipatory and liberating perspective, highlighting the role of nurses in this context. The culture circles highlighted the importance of understanding efforts towards the needs and expectations of the group, as well as the centrality of trust in establishing dialogue with myself and my peers. Promoting awareness of diversity, respect for each person's speech and positioning to achieve an effectively shared process was a structuring axis in relationships throughout the circle. Furthermore, cultural circles pointed out to me the relevance of friendly relationships, especially in terms of trust and support in life challenges. Family relationships were also discussed in the light of trust and support for life's challenges, but in the group worked, they were less relevant when compared to friendship. In the reflection processes, the adolescents brought up abusive and violent relationships in the context of friendships and family, sufferings that infer negative projections in relation to adulthood. This intervention took place in the second half of 2019, beginning in the first academic semester of 2020, interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, whose containment of its spread has social isolation as a structuring factor. Approaching the adolescents in this first stage allowed us to understand the construction of their identities, with emphasis on the social interactions established in this process. In this way, valuing the experience learned, there is an interest in expanding understandings about adolescents' relational processes and their perceptions regarding their identity, autonomy, life project and health, considering the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic at this stage of life. In particular, I asked myself about the impact of isolation, of restriction on social relationships, once I understood the essentiality of social interactions in shaping the adolescent's identity. The human being is essentially social and adolescence has social interactions as a relevant core for development processes. Thus, the objective of the second phase of the study was to understand adolescence in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the developments in the construction of identity. For a better understanding of this doctoral process, the first and second stages of the study will be presented in chapters I and II, respectively.
Um estudo sobre arquivos de literatura digital: sistema literário e legitimação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-27)
Estevão, Natália Cristina
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Rocha, Rejane Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5669300635333699
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5944-6846
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1497697699612332
In the contemporary era of overwhelming informational production (ROCHA, 2023), preserving digital culture poses a significant challenge. Digital productions, particularly within the realm of literature, often teeter on the “verge of disappearance” (BEIGUELMAN, 2014). In response to this threat, archives have played a vital role in attempting to safeguard digital literature from erasure. Often, digital literature archives have actively engaged in mapping, selecting, and systematically making available both artistic and critical works. With this in mind, this study aims to investigate three different archives: i. Electronic Literature Organization (1999), based in the United States of America, ii. Observatório de Literatura Digital Brasileira (2019), developed in Brazil, and iii. Ciberia Project (2014), based in Spain. Given the assumption that a digital literary system is currently in development (ROCHA, 2023), our hypothesis posits that the archives under examination serve as the principal institutional territories of digital literature. They play a central role in facilitating the circulation and consolidation of a comprehensive repertoire on this subject. Thus, this research seeks to comprehend the operating principles of these archives, which play a crucial role in preserving cultural and literary memory. To achieve this, we adopt a systemic perspective of literature (EVEN-ZOHAR, 2017) to study the specific characteristics of each archive while acknowledging the diverse and intricate relationships between them. For our investigation, we employ the literary factors scheme (EVEN-ZOHAR, 2017) as the research methodology, supplemented by the descriptive approach (CANCLINI, 2016). By studying the norms governing these archives, we delineate their distinct characteristics, thus revealing the potential impact of archival actions on the digital literary system. Consequently, we recognize that these archives may offer distinct perspectives on how to interpret the digital literature – a subject still in development (SALGADO, 2020) – stored within them.
A educação das relações étnico-raciais no ensino de arte a partir de uma perspectiva intercultural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-09-27)
Breda, Patricia Rodrigues
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Galizia, Fernando Stanzione
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4007795540173093
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9597-0733
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8241642945872758
This dissertation addresses "The education of ethnic-racial relations in art teaching from an intercultural perspective", investigating, from the perspective of critical interculturality, how the Art textbook - Teacher's Manual, intended for the 5th grade of elementary school and used in the municipal network of Rio Claro-SP, acts for the education of ethnic-racial relations. The specific objectives are to Analyze whether the textbook recognizes and demystifies black and indigenous subjects; Verify whether the textbook contributes to promoting public policies to combat racism and provide racial equality, recognizing the social movements linked to black and indigenous subjects; Ascertain whether the textbook values knowledge that is not based on a Eurocentric perspective; Examine whether the socio-educational practices proposed in the textbook modify the usual dynamics of educational processes. The literature review was based on authors who discuss themes involving "art teaching", "ethnic-racial relations" and "indigenous culture". The theoretical bases that make up the framework used have critical interculturality as their central axis, based on the book entitled "Intercultural Critical Didactics: Approaches", organized by Vera Maria Candau. The research uses the qualitative paradigm, using documentary analysis as a method and the content analysis technique for data processing, through the investigation of textbooks, with the aim of understanding whether there is an approach to the education of ethnic-racial relations from a critical intercultural perspective. The general conclusion reached through the analysis of the data is that black people and their culture are present in the book and are not in a "tribal" or folklorized conception - which can already be seen as a step forward. However, we need to go further and approach these black identities and cultures from an anti-racist perspective. When it comes to indigenous peoples, their cultures do not appear in textbooks. In order for this situation to change, it is necessary for the curriculum of undergraduate courses to be altered - including education for ethnic-racial relations - for schools and universities to develop partnerships and for teachers to be provided with ongoing training involving these issues.