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Bancos comunitários como adequação sociotécnica financeira: uma análise crítica ante o potencial de autossustentabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-11) Retamiro, Wiliam; Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3855-7416; Machado, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5703683100332513; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-9601; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0803500224759443; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6869-2731
Community Development Banks (BCD) have become an important instrument for the expansion of Solidarity Finance through microcredit, largely due to the public policies that have been offered since the creation of the National Secretariat for Solidarity Economy. With the rise of ultra-liberal governments and detached from a progressive perspective after the 2016 coup, support ceased, causing the failure of these instruments characterized as Sociotechnical Adequacy (AST), originating from the production of science from social movements. of solidarity finance, which is a way of producing knowledge, therefore aims at the social appropriation of knowledge through sociotechnical inclusion, defended by the CTS field of studies. Therefore, the research analyzed the potential for financial self-sustainability of the BCD under the hypotheses of possible fundraising directly from potential investors, in order to provide and redeem the productive function of money. For this purpose, there are legal instruments such as D11646 and the PLP 93 /2007 which may enable direct fundraising by BCD. To verify this hypothesis, the study was carried out through field research with the application of questionnaires to two distinct groups: (i) BCD management team and (ii) potential joint financial investors in BCD. After data collection was carried out, they were initially treated by descriptive statistics and later by cross-analysis, through which partnerships consistently revealed the potential for capturing the target audience of the BCDs researched. However, the absence of management instruments undermines the reliability of investment returns, with Economic Science researchers playing an important role in the construction of these resources. Such conditionality results indicate, in addition to the possibility of social impact savings, the need for a repositioning regarding the management of the BCD, using internal management indicators, to maintain selfsustainability without losing the basic principle of the economy solidarity, which is a specific way of humanizing the economy. From the perspective of the CTS field, it was noted that Community Banks, as an AST, are instruments that provide a way to do science in an engaged way, with a view to social movements of solidarity finance, as well as promoting the appropriation social knowledge.
Obtenção de nanomateriais de celulose contendo lignina residual a partir da madeira de seringueira e sua aplicação em filmes nanocompósitos com caseína
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-11) Silva, Maycon Jhony; Martins, Maria Alice; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5449448657729439; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6416-6929; Mattoso, Luiz Henrique Capparelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5839043594908917; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7586-1014; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9467299367671426; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5284-107X
In light of the escalating global population and the mounting environmental concerns, the quest for sustainable and renewable solutions has emerged as a paramount focus in scientific exploration across diverse fields. Plant-derived fibers stand out as a compelling sustainable option for fabricating materials due to their intriguing physical and mechanical attributes. Within this context, this study aimed to optimize the production of cellulose nanomaterials featuring varying lignin concentrations sourced from rubber tree wood fibers, and to explore their application in nanocomposite films. In the initial phase, fibers with distinct lignin compositions (15.3%, 6.7%, and 3.1%) underwent acid hydrolysis at differing reaction durations (45 minutes, 75 minutes, and 120 minutes) to yield cellulose nanomaterials with residual lignin (LCNCs). Subsequently, the study assessed the impact of integrating LCNCs, possessing both higher and lower lignin contents, along with commercially available cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), into a casein (CA) matrix. The chemical treatments demonstrated remarkable efficacy, resulting in LCNCs with an average diameter below 4.1 nm, showcasing a high Crystallinity Index (I.C. > 70%), and achieving a reaction yield surpassing 50% across all evaluated reaction durations. Additionally, LCNCs exhibiting higher lignin content displayed notable colloidal stability (> -40.0 mV). The resultant nanocomposite films exhibited a superior I.C. compared to the pure CA matrix (34%), presenting as transparent, uniform, and easily manipulable films. The incorporation of LCNCs amplified the contact angle (θ >82.5°), enhancing the films' hydrophobic characteristics. Furthermore, films integrated with commercial CNCs and LCNCs with elevated lignin content exhibited a significant increase (p<0.05) of approximately 45% and 40%, respectively, in tensile strength (TS). Additionally, there was a 20% and 23% enhancement in the modulus of elasticity (EM) compared to the pure CA matrix. This research delineated a precise methodology for producing lignin-infused cellulose nanomaterials, promisingly valorizing rubber tree biomass residues. Moreover, it underscored the potential of integrating these materials into the casein matrix, yielding films endowed with exceptional properties, thus fostering diverse applications.