Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2023-10-31"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 4867

UX-RIVIS: Visualização da Informação sobre dados de UX baseado em revisões de aplicativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Campos, Ariel Emanuel Sebastian
;
Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-544X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1100959224533572
User Experience (UX) encompasses all aspects of the interaction between the user and a system. Thus, one way to obtain improvements in UX is through the Information Visual- ization area (InfoVis), which offers techniques for building visualizations that highlight the most important information to help users obtain relevant information from their data. In mobile software development, user reviews in app stores have proven to be a promising source for software developers to obtain information about the usability and UX of applications, in addition to being a direct channel of communication for users over time. of development. Thus, the present study had the general objective of assisting the development of mobile software by analyzing user reviews through UX data visualiza- tions. To this end, the methodology was organized into five stages (Stage A — Literature investigation; Stage B — Systematic Literature Mapping (MSL); Stage C — Recommen- dations for creating visualizations; Stage D — Construction of visualizations; and Stage E — Evaluation of the Proposal). Stage A reached a theoretical basis for carrying out this dissertation. Step B aimed to identify the state of the art in the literature on data visualization. Thus, 21 articles were read in full, demonstrating the methods, tools, and approaches used to build visualizations. Step C involved creating recommendations for building visualizations, using the results found in Step B, resulting in 16 recommendations. In Stage D, four visualizations called UX-RIVIS were developed to assist in analyzing application user reviews. Finally, Stage E consisted of an evaluation of UX-RIVIS with 23 software professionals. To this end, four tasks were applied in which professionals had to interact with each of the visualizations created. The results indicated that the participants understood the objective proposed by the visualizations, but they had difficulties carrying out the tasks proposed for the two of them. In general, a visualization proposal was made available to assist software developers in analyzing user reviews of applications.
Formação continuada de professores de ciências da natureza na rede estadual de São Paulo: há espaço para a alfabetização científica?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Almeida, Cyntia Helena Ravagnani de
;
Bozzini, Isabela Custódio Talora
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853746645322544
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-9506
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3671658556110990
This research aimed to investigate the formative processes of educators in the field of natural sciences, conducted by the Education Department of the State of São Paulo (SEE). Considering the complexity of factors that permeate teacher training, in this work we will address issues related to continuous education with a focus on scientific literacy. We seek to understand the roles of teachers as subjects and schools as spaces for training, as well as to analyze the continuous training of teachers in the field of Natural Sciences in the years 2013, 2021, and 2022. We understand that teacher training involves a continuous process of professional development. In the context of this research, scientific literacy is investigated as part of the continuous formation of natural science teachers, implying not only the transmission of scientific knowledge but also the development of knowledge related to their pedagogical action. The methodology employed was document analysis, using documents and continuous training programs from the São Paulo State Education Department (SEE/SP). The documents are the videos of the Collective Pedagogical Work Activities available at the São Paulo Media Center, focusing on the theme of Sustainability. The guiding question was: "How does the continuous training promoted by the São Paulo State Education Department, in the years 2013, 2021, and 2022, incorporate scientific literacy and pedagogical rationalities in the context of scientific education?" Through the analysis of these materials, we sought to answer this question. In dialogue with theories about models of rationality in teacher training, we argue that the videos analyzed predominantly exhibit technical rationality, with a certain degree of depletion of concepts and discussions, without concern for developing in educators and students an awareness of practices that promote scientific literacy. Skills such as critical thinking, interactivity, and dialogue are left aside. Before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in the country, teacher training in the state of São Paulo was conducted in person. In the face-to-face modality, there was direct interaction among participants, which enabled the exchange of experiences and life stories, as well as the establishment of professional contact networks and participation in practical activities. Even with the resumption of face-to-face activities in schools, training continued to be conducted remotely, maintaining the problems arising from this modality, mainly the lack of interaction among professionals.
A literatura infantil na Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais: uma análise sobre os Projetos Políticos-Pedagógicos das escolas de ensino fundamental de São Carlos/SP à luz da Lei n° 10.639/03
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Souza, Lucas Rodrigues de Oliveira
;
Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0699735308726595
This Master's thesis is linked to the line of research: State, Politics and Human Formation, of the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGE) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The research aims to discuss the importance of children's literature for the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations in light of the contributions of Law No. 10,639 of 2003. To address this issue, the research collected Political-Pedagogical Projects (PPP) from educational schools for analysis. elementary school in São Carlos, SP, that cover the initial years of the city with the intention of discovering what these documents – which are school identity documents – address (and address) children's literature from an ethnic-racial perspective. The research discusses the importance of Law No. 10,639 of 2003 and other official documents that legitimize and encourage pedagogical work in the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations in Basic Education. The aforementioned law, sanctioned on January 9, 2003 and which amends Law No. 9,394, of December 20, 1996 (Law of Guidelines and Bases), establishes the obligation for school curricula of all Basic Education to include the teaching of History and African and Afro-Brazilian Culture. The methodological path established was documentary and bibliographical research through a survey of theoretical references that discuss ethnic-racial issues and children's literature, as well as analyzes of political pedagogical projects collected from elementary schools in the city of São Carlos, SP , which cover the initial years. The analyzes of political-pedagogical projects seek to research how these school identity documents discuss ethnic-racial themes and how they present children's literature as one of the pedagogical resources to implement the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations. The research results reveal that academic productions on ethnic-racial relations in the school context already presented the need for schools to address racial issues in their daily school life and curricula before the implementation of Law No. 10,639/03, denouncing what was needed be changed in the school structure to move towards anti-racist education. With the implementation of the law and other official documents, scientific production on ethnic-racial relations increased significantly. The analyzes of political-pedagogical projects present relevant variations to understand how schools' identity documents approach children's literature from an ethnic-racial perspective. While the PPP's of some selected schools do not address or mention the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations, others present tables, references, suggestions, projects and perspectives aligned with the teaching of ethnic-racial relations, with examples of work developed using children's literature as pedagogical resource and highlighting the importance of Law No. 10,639/03. It is hoped that the research can contribute to teacher training and the field of ethnic-racial relations education, presenting pertinent discussions, relevant data and powerful indications for the topic in question. The main references used are Abramovich (1999), Gomes (2005; 2010), Silva (2003; 2011) and Veiga (1998).
Identificação de massas desbalanceadas em lavadoras de roupas com técnicas de redes neurais e visão computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Antunes, Luiz Fernando Bisan
;
Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5395225536094754
The spinning phase is a primary function of washing machines which has the objective of extracting residual water from clothes by spinning a vertical axis basket suspended in four points. Either by the washing process or by inappropriate consumer usage, when the clothes are not uniformly distributed there is an unbalancing phenomenon that can result from small hit noises to product destruction. The research has the objective of evaluating the application of neural network techniques to identify unbalanced mass in washer machines using collected data from a computer vision system. By observing variables such as angular speed and translational movement from different parts, artificial intelligence techniques will be applied in order to identify and classify patterns created by different intensities of unbalancing loads. Initially, the systems of a washing machine and the unbalancing phenomenon will be described. The bibliographic review of digital image processing supports the computational vision system and algorithm. The practical experimentation will collect a data set from the entire inference space of possible unbalancing configurations, in such a way that enough data is provided to train, validate and test the neural network tools. It is expected the proposed system be capable of identifying and classifying different intensities of an unbalanced load.
Plano de Comunicação Ambiental como ferramenta para a conservação da fauna silvestre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Campos, Flávia Taconi Venâncio
;
Ramos, Patrícia Locosque
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7542477918045216
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1208824456687953
Brazil holds an important portion of the planet's biodiversity, considered a mega diverse country that has approximately 20% of the world's fauna species. However, despite high biodiversity, there are many threats that impact wild populations. The most recent Official List of Brazilian Species Threatened with Extinction released by the Ministry of the Environment shows that, of the 8,537 fauna species assessed, 1,249 are categorized as having some degree of threat. Pressures on species resulting from human actions are leading to greater risks of extinction, causing imbalances in ecosystems, often irreversibly. The practice of communication has not remained oblivious to the global concern about the deterioration of the environment that has been intensifying in recent decades. In this scenario, several tools can act in an integrated manner to minimize negative impacts, with environmental communication responsible for disseminating technical-scientific knowledge within society to strengthen environmental awareness. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to carry out an in-depth look at the topic of environmental communication, exploring its concepts and definitions, in order to understand its interface in fauna conservation.
Explorando a probabilidade no ensino médio: uma sequência didática utilizando um jogo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Santos, Tania Maria dos
;
Barbosa, Grazielle Feliciani
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5368292206467565
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6855652255026553
Probability is a branch of mathematics that plays a significant role in our daily lives and is fundamental in several areas of knowledge. It is recognized that an adequate introduction to this content from the early years of elementary school is essential, as an inadequate approach can result in difficulties in the student’s educational trajectory. In order to assess students’ understanding from previous years, we chose to apply a diagnostic assessment to guide our approach to this content in high school, identifying the areas of greatest challenge. Subsequently, we adopted a playful strategy in which all students participate in the activity and we use a game to introduce the concept of probability in high school. This made learning more engaging and gave meaning to the students’ learning experience. Finally, we apply a final assessment to measure the effectiveness of this strategy and verify its impact on students’ understanding. This assessment provided concrete data on student progress, serving as a valuable indicator for the continuous improvement of our pedagogical approach.
Planejamento de trajetória explorativa e informativa para monitoramento de ambientes desconhecidos com UAV: uma abordagem BO-POMDP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Santos, Marcela Aparecida Aniceto dos
;
Vivaldini, Kelen Cristiane Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5245409138233148
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-9635
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1794896249292950
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been used for several applications in monitoring complex and unknown environments. The challenge is to plan missions for the UAV where the vehicle needs to visit and explore an area and analyze it in real time to define the route to be followed. This visit involves maximizing the search area through trajectory definitions, enabling information collection to gain Knowledge about the environment and generate a map. This type of problem is known as Informative Path Planning and Autonomous Exploration. In this context, Bayesian Optimization (BO) has been used together with Gaussian Process to collect information from an unknown environment and define the trajectories. Moreover, However, for the definition of trajectories to be carried out sequentially and specific constraints to be considered, there is a need for a planner responsible for making these decisions and, in this case, the Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) can be used. POMDP is considered a non-myopic method as it allows you to efficiently calculate the best action by checking several steps ahead. Therefore, considering these methods, the aim of this work is to develop a strategy for explorative and informative path planning in unknown environments using UAV. For this approach, a system for sequential decision making under uncertainty was developed based on the BO-POMDP approach. Tests were carried out and demonstrated that the non-Myopic approach to exploration/exploitation obtained better results compared to the Myopic and random methods. With the RMSE and Tr(P) metrics used to evaluate the models, it was inferred that the non-myopic approach obtained lower error and that uncertainty about the environment decreases throughout the algorithm iterations. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the use of the non-myopic strategy led to a reduction in the trajectory to be covered by the UAV in a time that was equivalent to the time of the myopic method. This fact corroborates the idea that non-myopic algorithms can efficiently calculate the best action, taking shorter trajectories and, due to planning aiming for future rewards, obtaining a greater chance of finding global optimal solutions.
Processos de estudo em ambientes não-institucionalizados: o aluno entre a autoridade escolar e a autoridade tecnológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Monteiro, Leonardo Henrique Brandão
;
Zuin, Antônio Álvaro Soares
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5543562307373287
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-2897
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7962875409074026
This dissertation investigates how students use or don't use devices featuring digital technology in their study processes outside institutionalized environments. Based on a dialogue with the literature in the field of education, it is argued that the use or non-use of such devices is related to legitimizing a certain authority. It may be a school authority or a technological authority. The research question is divided into three parts and can be described as follows: Do students' study processes outside institutionalized environments demonstrate their affiliation with a school authority, a technological authority, or neither? Can we identify the moments when these affiliations occur? Are they antagonistic logics, or are there moments when they coexist and overlap? The writing is structured as follows. After a brief introduction, a chapter is dedicated to methodological considerations. It outlines how to approach the literature in the area and the social world through two research instruments: questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The second chapter looks at the "macro-sociological" outlines of the research, describing the social environment in which our interlocutors interact and conduct their studies. The following chapter deals with the theoretical construction of school and technological authority concepts, mainly through authors from Critical Theory. The fourth chapter outlines three skills that will be the analytical parameters, mainly, but not only, of four case studies. The fifth chapter presents the international comparative research and how we conduct it, characterizes our interlocutors, and discusses the legitimacy of school, the legitimacy of information found in digital environments, and the role that digital devices play in study practices in non-institutionalized environments. The sixth chapter discusses how digital technologies were present in our interlocutors' daily lives and some of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on these students' study processes. Also, it focuses on four case studies which, through the skills of memorization, attention, and body discipline, analyze how four interlocutors embodied school and technological authorities. Last but not least, the final thoughts section is dedicated to the closing considerations of the work.
Assembleias de morcegos influenciam comunidades de invertebrados subterrâneos e atuam sobre a dinâmica de cavernas ferríferas no Brasil?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-10-31)
Torres, Dayana Ferreira
;
Tavares, Valeria da Cunha
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8523405526648361
;
Bichuette, Maria Elina
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8453043393798516
Chiroptera are among the most diverse and geographically dispersed mammals, they exploit different resources and occupy the most varied habitats, participate in numerous ecological processes in tropical ecosystems and have adaptations associated with the types of shelters they use, such as caves. These habitats are essential to bats because they have a direct impact on their survival rates, ecology and evolution, while chiropterans are crucial because they contribute to the input of nutrients into these environments. In the Tropical region, there are caves with unique physical and biological characteristics - hot and bat caves, some of which have been recognized for the Carajás region. This region has the largest number of known iron caves in Brazil and is considered an important economic center for the extraction of mineral goods, as it is home to the country's largest mining project. In view of this, the study aimed to characterize the chiropterofauna associated with 20 caves in the Floresta Nacional de Carajás and the Parque Nacional dos Campos Ferruginosos, learn about the structure of their communities, recognize the invertebrate fauna associated with bat guano, carry out biological and microclimate monitoring, identify possible bat/hot caves and the conditions for their establishment, and propose actions for the conservation of speleological heritage. To this end, faunal inventories were carried out from August 2021 to March 2023 (with the collection of Chiroptera and invertebrates) and biological and microclimate monitoring of the cavities. Based on the data obtained, descriptive assessments of the chiropteran communities and the invertebrates associated with their guano were carried out, as well as diversity (alpha and beta) and correlation (CCA) analyses. As a result, 16 bat species were recorded, with the Phyllostomidae family being the most representative in terms of species. The cavities studied showed variation in the composition of their communities, which can be explained, for the most part, by species exchange - either due to environmental changes or species-specific demands. More diverse, numerous and permanent colonies of bats were essential for the entry of varied nutrients that served a wider range of invertebrates. Therefore, the presence of bats in the caves was an important determining factor (but not a limiting one) for the variation in invertebrate diversity. Finally, the identification of permanent bat colonies, the invertebrate fauna associated with the different types of guano and the microclimatic and geomorphological conditions of the cavities were fundamental for the delimitation of bat and hot cave. Therefore, knowing how chiropteran communities are structured and how they relate to biotic factors (interactions with invertebrates) and abiotic factors (species-specific temperature and relative humidity requirements) is essential for detecting their functional relationships and social organizations, as well as for identifying how bats respond to environmental changes and how this impacts other organisms associated with them. From this, more effective conservation actions can be structured and proposed, serving to support the management, maintenance and protection of the national speleological heritage.
Consumo de Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) entre famílias em vulnerabilidade social e insegurança alimentar no Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-01)
Feitoza, Marilua de Carvalho
;
Coffani-Nunes, João Vicente
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9171810338546558
;
Nascimento, Ana Paula Branco do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1522795968175184
Social vulnerability and food insecurity (FI) have increased in Brazil in recent years, especially during the health crisis caused by Covid-19. Currently, in the country, there are 125.2 million people in FI and more than 33 million in a situation of hunger. Unconventional food plants (UFP) are a food alternative to diversify family diets and mitigate food insecurity. The present research aimed to verify whether social vulnerability and food insecurity influence the consumption of UFP and whether these food plants are more used among families with high social vulnerability. The study took place in the urban area of the municipality of Registro, Vale do Ribeira, SP. Using the Snowball methodology, 74 interviews were carried out in households distributed in low and high vulnerability groups. To verify the location of vulnerability groups in urban areas, the Census (IBGE) and São Paulo Social Vulnerability Index (IPVS) databases were used. In all the houses visited, in addition to the interviews, an inventory of the backyards was carried out to verify the occurrence of UFP consumed and not consumed as food by families. It was found that 100% of families that presented moderate FI and severe FI had occurrence of UFP in their backyards, followed by families with mild FI, with 83.33%. Regarding the consumption of these plants as food, families in moderate FI are those that use UFP the most (90.90%), followed by families in severe FI (87.50%) and mild FI (55.55%). It was also found that families residing in the high social vulnerability group are the ones that consume the most UFP from their backyards (77.77%), compared to families in low vulnerability groups (65.79%). Based on these results, therefore, it is possible to affirm that social vulnerability and food insecurity are factors that influence the consumption of UFP in urban areas. It is hoped that this study can contribute to public and private initiatives to promote and popularize UFP, especially among families in social vulnerability and with greater exposure.
Estimativa de produção de cana de açúcar em pequenas plantações através do uso de sensoriamento remoto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-01)
Belvedere, Miguel Bau
;
Barcellos, Robson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9844506370403162
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-4825
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6767551360418863
Brazil leads global sugarcane production, but in recent decades, the expansion of plantations appears to have reached a limit. The challenge now is to increase productivity per hectare, which requires the adoption of new technologies. Remote sensing has emerged as a crucial tool in this context, due to its ability to capture distinct reflectance patterns in sugarcane fields. In this study, the analysis focused on plots located in the municipality of Araraquara (SP), and we used Sentinel-2 satellite images acquired between 2019 and 2022. To assess the performance of the plantations it was used the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which has a strong correlation with plant biomass. This approach allowed us to identify patterns and extract information about the crops. These analyses can have a significant impact on the agribusiness sector, providing quantitative data to assess the feasibility of optimizing sugarcane production. It is concluded that, while initial on-site data collection is crucial, remote monitoring of sugarcane fields is a viable reality. Furthermore, the method presented is objective and easy to interpret, representing a potential tool for more efficient management of sugarcane plantations.
Panorama da autoavaliação institucional nos Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia: uma meta-avaliação de perspectiva emancipatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-01)
Oliveira, Ivan dos Santos
;
Rothen, José Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1942510389127549
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5360-1913
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7566418296504896
The evaluation of Brazilian higher education takes place in a context in which neoliberal policies are hegemonic, conferring a character of regulation and control to the evaluation processes. Nevertheless, the formulation and implementation of the National Higher Education Assessment System (SINAES) constituted an attempt to give an emancipatory character to the assessment of subjects and Higher Education Institutions (IES), through Institutional Assessment, more precisely, through internal evaluation. In this sense, the present research had as general objective: to understand and characterize the processes of institutional self-evaluation in the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology, considering the emancipatory aspects of the evaluation, in order to identify the levels of attendance of the observable emancipatory aspects in these processes. As for its nature, the research was characterized as qualitative and as for the type, it fits as an exploratory-descriptive study. The materials analyzed were the final institutional self-assessment reports of the 2018-2020 evaluation cycle of 13 Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology. In Paulo Freire (1986, 1987, 1995, 2001, 2002, 2014) we base our vision of the world and of education that is opposed to neoliberal rationality; in Saul (2010) we base the concept of Emancipatory Evaluation and in Dias Sobrinho (2003) and other authors, we systematize the fundamentals of Institutional Evaluation from a democratic-subjectivist perspective, from which we list the categories that characterize an emancipatory institutional self-evaluation practice and that served basis for the construction of an analytical and metaevaluation instrument of emancipatory aspects, together with the theoretical-practical framework of summative meta-evaluation, in the perspective of Stufflebeam (2001) and Scriven (2009). In this way, 14 parameters of emancipatory aspects were elaborated, which are interrelated, being 11 of merit (Dialogicity, Participation, Plurality, Negotiation, Globality, Formativity, Comparability, Legitimacy, Identity and Mission, Commitment, Publicity) and 3 of value (Self-knowledge, Critical-Transforming Potential, Applicability or Relevance). As a result, we found that the processes of institutional self-assessment in Federal Institutes are complex, in the sense that these assessments express and recognize either a formative perspective of assessment for the emancipation of subjects and institutions, or an assessment perspective aligned with neoliberal rationality, however, with predominance of the latter perspective. The analysis of the merit and value parameters established by this research revealed that the meta-assessed self-assessment experiences mostly failed to meet the ethical, political and democratic aspects of the assessment, but did meet other aspects, even if partially. Thus, it was possible to verify that the meta-assessed self-assessment experiences showed, in general, a predominance of partial compliance with the emancipatory aspects of the assessment, which confirmed our initial hypothesis that the processes of institutional self-assessment in the Federal Institutes of Education, Science and Technology are not emancipatory.
Liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics: experimental and computational analysis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-06)
Ferreira, Victor Oliveira
;
Blais, Bruno
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-6542
;
Lopes, Gabriela Cantarelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5680967191791061
The liquid-solid fluidization is a simple process intensification strategy. The method remains underexplored, in part, due to the lack of predictability. It is not trivial to assess its internal dynamics without a robust experimental setup and the predictions of its fluid dynamics behavior rely on simple correlations that do not reflect internal variances either in time or space. On the other hand, with the advance of processing power, physics-based mathematical models can now be resolved using robust numerical methods implemented on computers. The unresolved CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Elements Method) coupling is especially powerful for providing a precise description of particles' individual behavior (including interactions with other solids and the fluid) while preserving a reasonable computational cost. In this thesis, experimental methods and the unresolved CFD-DEM coupling were applied to assess the liquid-solid fluidized bed dynamics. Experimental measurements of the expansion behavior of beds were obtained for a wide variety of particles. The experimental results were used to verify the precision of the Richardson-Zaki equation and a proposed alternative method based on drag correlations. The latter has shown superior accuracy for most of the tested cases. The liquid-solid fluidized bed simulations were carried out in Lethe, an open-source CFD, DEM, CFD-DEM, and multiphysics software. Lethe simulations of the pilot-scale liquid-solid fluidized beds were validated for a wide variety of regimes. Discussions on the choice of drag correlation, the robustness of the method with different mesh topologies, and the importance of the Saffman lift force for the accurate simulation of the flow structures are provided. The validated simulations were used to assess the particles' mixing by applying the nearest-neighbors method (NNM) and the mixing index introduced by Doucet. The slowest mixing component for most of the simulations was the axial. The mixing time as a function of the inlet flow rate demonstrates a plateauing behavior for looser beds (fluid fractions above 50%). Variations in the interaction properties of particles do not seem to play an important role in the quantitative mixing. Yet, for a bed of particles with very low Stokes numbers or at very high concentrated beds, increasing the sliding friction coefficient presented a negative impact on the mixing performance.
O Método Terapia Ocupacional Dinâmica e o Modello Vivaio: histórias orais de construções inventivas para a prática de terapia ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-06)
Mello, Ana Carolina Carreira de
;
Marcolino, Taís Quevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7197838515800679
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9694-5118
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3452431276914287
Occupational therapy, regarded as a paradigmatic profession, originated amidst progressive movements in the early twentieth century in the United States, ushering in its own paradigm focused on healthcare through occupations. However, its expansion globally and in Brazil occurred under another paradigmatic logic, that of rehabilitation. In this scenario, compounded by tensions stemming from the dominance of the biomedical field in healthcare, Brazilian occupational therapists were driven to seek new ways of conceptualising their practice. Among these professionals, Jô Benetton stands out. In the 1970s, she initiated a research project culminating in the development of the Dynamic Occupational Therapy Method (MTOD). In Italy, also between the 1970s and 1980s, a group of professionals began practising occupational therapy under the framework of Psychoanalysis, opposing the prevalent protocol-driven and behavioural approaches of the time, and initiating the construction of the Modello Vivaio. Both theoretical-methodological proposals align with the initial paradigm of the profession, and while they are publicly known, their construction processes are relatively unknown, potentially offering insights for contemporary knowledge and professional development. Thus, the research question posed is: "What can be gleaned from the investigative processes developed by Jô Benetton, in collaboration with Sonia Ferrari, Julie Cunningham Piergrossi, and Carolina de Sena Gibertoni, which led to the development of MTOD and Modello Vivaio?" This study aimed to comprehend the construction of two theoretical-methodological proposals in occupational therapy that challenge hegemonic knowledge, with the objective of historically situating the authors' contributions to the profession from an epistemological perspective. Drawing on the ideas of John Dewey's Pragmatism, the study sought to reflect on modes of knowledge aimed at solving issues related to occupation. This framework presents itself as a theoretical-philosophical structure aimed at integrated problem resolution, considering the situation as a whole. Its complexity is incorporated by not distancing itself from primary experience, facts, or objects of everyday experiences, indicating the existence of other possibilities for constructing knowledge useful for practice. Supported by the life history oral methodology, rounds of interviews were conducted with the authors and collaborators, resulting in the construction of 42 narratives. These results were discussed considering knowledge construction processes that resist automatism and the invasion of bureaucracy and productivity in the space of thinking and investigating. This approach avoids separating the spheres of knowledge production and care production, based on the composition of theoretical outputs tied to practice, emerging from our field's coherence in unique ways of perceiving the world, valuing freedom in constructing a science that dances in contrast to more rigid and standardised approaches. Our discussion also asserts that occupational therapy produces joy and pleasure in constructing spaces that support health even in the face of confronting diseases and other difficulties. We outline the contours and limits of oral history research and emphasise the relevance of investigations involving MTOD and Modello Vivaio, as well as research that positions practice as an object of study. We hope that the insights about the possibilities of constructing knowledge in occupational therapy contribute to the epistemic debate in our field, restoring relationships between practice and theory. Furthermore, we also hope that this work can honour, albeit partially, the life efforts invested in these constructions, with the elegance they deserve.
Inteligência Artificial e teoria ator-rede em diálogo: analisando atores e associações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-07)
Catalano, José Victor Rodrigues
;
Lorenzi, Bruno Rossi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2542475204715114
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8486-0726
;
Andrade, Thales Haddad Novaes de
The main focus of this research is to deepen the critical understanding of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the context of Studies in Science, Technology and Society (STS) through a scientific approach. We seek to apply Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to analyze the complex interaction of AI with scientific, technological and social dimensions. The underlying purpose is to consider AI as a social construction, through the analysis of its evolutionary dynamics and the identification of the main actors involved in this scenario, as well as their respective associations. In a complementary way, we present a chronological synthesis that addresses the most significant events that shaped the history of AI, including the investigation of the origins and motivations that contributed to its development over time. This provides an understanding of the historical influences that develop into the shape of modern AI. Finally, we focus our efforts on examining the intricate interplay of AI with dimensions of the STS field, which involves an investigation of ethical, political, economic, and cultural impacts of AI on society. We recognize that the influence of AI transcends the technical and scientific scope, extending to crucial areas of society. From an ANT perspective, we highlight the importance of understanding AI not as a neutral technology, but rather as an active participant in a complex and interconnected socio-technical scenario, influencing and being directly influenced by a wide range of actors, whether human or not humans.
Percepção de estresse, Síndrome de Burnout e estratégias de enfrentamento em cuidadores de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-08)
Silva, Adrielli Fernanda de Oliveira e
;
Pantoni, Camila Bianca Falasco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0244296301167548
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-3672
;
Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
Introduction: Despite their technical skills and knowledge in the field, healthcare professionals working in direct care for institutionalized elderly individuals are more prone to stress and burnout syndrome. These conditions can be modulated through various coping strategies. Objective: To analyze the perception of personal stress and burnout syndrome among formal caregivers of institutionalized elderly individuals and their relationship with coping strategies. Method: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. The research was conducted in three philanthropic long-term care facilities in the city of Ribeirão Preto, located in the state of São Paulo, with 54 professionals involved in the direct care of institutionalized elderly individuals (caregivers, aides, and nursing technicians). Data collection was carried out online from September to October 2022. After agreeing to participate in the research by digitally signing the Informed Consent Form, participants received a link to complete questionnaires regarding sociodemographic, economic, clinical, and professional characteristics. Additionally, they were assessed for perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale - PSS-14), burnout syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory: Human Services Survey - MBI-HSS), and coping strategies (Occupational Coping Scale - OCS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational statistics. Ethical considerations were observed throughout the data collection and analysis process. Results: The majority of formal caregivers were female (85.2%), with a median age of 43 [36.25, 51.75] years, working as nursing assistants (74.1%), married (46.3%), having completed high school (50%), working 40 hours per week (64.8%), earning 1 to 3 minimum wages per month (61.1%), and having worked as caregivers in the institution for more than 10 years (29.6%). Regarding health data and the applied scales, the majority reported engaging in physical activity (59.35), having low back pain (25.9%), and experiencing insomnia (18.5%). The median score on the EEP-14 scale was 22 [17, 27], with an absence of perceived stress. The total MBI score was 60 [54, 64], with a moderate level of emotional exhaustion (median of 24), a depersonalization score of 11 points (moderate), and a personal accomplishment score of 23.5 (high level). As for the assessment of coping strategies (ECO), a total score of 91.8 [70.25, 114.75] was obtained, with the control strategy being the most frequently used, at 43 [38.25, 48]. When associating the scores of the three scales, a trend was found in which higher ECO scores were associated with lower EEP, independently of MBI. Conclusions: The data reveal that the group assessed in this study demonstrates a low perception of stress and a moderate to high level of burnout, highlighting the need for actions that promote awareness and sensitivity regarding stress and burnout, as well as their symptoms and impacts on both personal and professional life. Thus, fostering the development of effective coping mechanisms and problem-solving skills to manage stressful events, reduce negative emotions, and mitigate psychosocial work-related demands.
Economia de polêmicas: uma análise da emergência das mobilizações antigênero no Brasil e no Paraguai
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-08)
Ferreira, Camila Camargo
;
Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4693923918467388
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-6144
During the 2010s, transnational mobilizations of conservative groups emerged in opposition to the demands of feminist and LGBTQIA+ movements (including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and other gender and sexual identities), with their actions anchored in the politicization of the concept of "gender ideology." This thesis examines the formation and consolidation of activism against so-called gender ideology in Brazil and Paraguay throughout this decade. Its objective is to comparatively analyze the transnational characteristics and dynamics of anti-gender activism, focusing on the identification of actors, forms of action, discursive frameworks, and the worldviews constructed. This research aims to contribute to the expanding field of comparative studies on anti-gender mobilizations. To analyze this phenomenon, it employs theories of collective action, gender and sexuality studies, alongside scholarly work on the anti-gender phenomenon. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this study adopts document analysis and digital media research as investigative techniques. Findings indicate that, in both Brazil and Paraguay, anti-gender mobilizations were organized through coordinated actions among national and transnational pro-life and pro-family actors and entities. Data analysis further reveals that anti-gender activism emerges from a complex network of mobilization that interconnects conservative actors across national and transnational spheres.
Desenvolvimento de dispositivos eletroquímicos descartáveis e reutilizáveis para detecção de biomarcadores de interesse clínico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-08)
Blasques, Rodrigo Vieira
;
Janegitz, Bruno Campos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206730551661715
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7059-3145
In recent years, the search for new electrochemical devices that allow reliable, fast, easily accessible, highly sensitive, miniaturized and portable analyses has been required. Furthermore, they enable point-of-care analysis, which allows decentralized clinical monitoring, which decreases the cost and provides an improvement in the quality of health life of the human being. In this context, the first chapter details the development of a low-cost, easy-to-produce disposable electrochemical sensor composed of a conductive ink modified with Prussian blue for the enzymatic and non-enzymatic detection of the biomarker’s uric acid, hydrogen peroxide and glucose. The sensor developed was applied as a wearable sensor in a 3D-printed device for real-time monitoring of synthetic biological fluid. The estimated cost per sensor and biosensor unit was R$4.71 and for the biosensor it was R$6.89, which makes these platforms attractive compared to traditional laboratory tests. The second chapter deals with the development of an electrochemical sensor and immunosensor for the detection of L-Cysteine (L-Cys) and the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The applicability of the immunosensor for detecting the Spike protein was proven in synthetic saliva samples, thus demonstrating its efficiency in relation to the gold standard RT-PCR technique. Low LODs were demonstrated for L-Cys (0.7 μmol L−1) and Spike protein (0.7 and 1.0 pmol L−1). The third chapter describes the use of fallen tree leaves from the Persea americana Mill species as a substrate for the manufacture of electrochemical sensors using CO2 lasers. The application of the sensor for the detection of dopamine (DA) showed interesting analytical characteristics such as good repeatability and reproducibility, with values of 1.46% and 6.47%, respectively. The use of this type of substrate presents an innovative and high-potential approach as a sustainable and ecological alternative to traditional sensor substrates. Finally, the fourth chapter describes how to obtain easy-to-produce, reusable and low-cost platforms for the development of analytical devices with characteristics suitable for multiplexed analysis. The detection of L-Dopa and DA showed low LOD values of 0.11 and 0.26 µmol L−1, respectively. In this way, it is hoped that the new devices presented here will help make diagnoses more accessible and more cost-effective for the population.
Caracterização fenotípica, genômica e transcriptômica de parasitos Crithidia sp. LVH60a obtidos de pacientes diagnosticados com Leishmaniose Visceral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-09)
Rogerio, Luana Aparecida
;
Maruyama, Sandra Regina Costa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5719754923228879
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6652725921997633
Leishmaniasis is a group of neglected diseases that can be caused by over 20 species of protozoa from genus Leishmania. Since 1980, monoxenous trypanosomatids have been found in cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis cases in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. In Brazil, parasites of Crithidia genus were first reported in 2019 in a fatal case of human visceral leishmaniasis in Sergipe (SE), referred to as Crithidia sp. LVH60A. To characterize clinical isolates of Crithidia sp. LVH60A parasites obtained from a relapsing patient from the same region, this study aimed to characterize phenotypically and perform genomic and transcriptomic analyzes of these clinical isolates. In this regard, parasite cultures were analyzed for growth curves, morphological features, in vitro infectivity and in silico identification of virulence-related proteins in Crithidia sp. LVH60A genome. Genomic DNA was sequenced, assembled, and compared to other trypanosomatid species. Additionally, we assessed the difference in gene expression of parasites and human macrophages infected with different species of Leishmania and Crithidia using messenger RNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), employing a dual RNA-seq approach. Phenotypic analyses demonstrated that the Crithidia sp. LVH60A parasites were capable of replicate at temperatures of 25 °C and 35 °C, surviving and multiplying within different macrophage lineages. Morphological analyses revealed that the cellular body of Crithidia sp. LVH60A is rounded, possesses shorter flagella than L. infantum, and presents some differences when compared to the Crithidia fasciculata TCC039E strain. Genomic analyses showed that the clinical isolates from 2017 had over 98% nucleotide identity with the LVH60a C1 strain (Crithidia sp. LVH60A). Genome alignments of Crithidia sp. LVH60A and C. fasciculata strains showed an average nucleotide identity ranging from 92.7% to 94.8%, depending on the software used. Chromosomal rearrangements of Crithidia sp. LVH60A was also observed and validated when compared to C. fasciculata CfCl reference genome. The mRNA-seq results showed that infection with different parasite strains did not significantly alter the transcriptional expression of macrophages; however, slight changes were observed shortly after the infection. However, there was a clear difference in the expression of the trypanosomatid transcripts. Some differentially expressed transcripts are shared by strains of Leishmania spp. and Crithidia sp. LVH60A. These transcripts encode proteins that mediate responses to stress, nutrition, and host immune response evasion. Our results suggest that the Crithidia sp. LVH60A may be a new species within the Crithidia genus; however, more isolates of Crithidia sp. LVH60A need to be analyzed with a focus on population genomics to confirm this evidence.
"A gente tinha que se virar sozinha": processos educativos emergentes da andarilhagem de mulheres atletas de futsal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-11-09)
Bianconi, Ana Cláudia
;
Souza Júnior, Osmar Moreira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9176123942671062
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2915-5634
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2627342414497317
This research aims to identify, understand and describe the educational processes that emerge from the social practice of wandering among female futsal athletes. To participate in this study, five women futsal athletes who were part of the main team of the club Associação Sãocarlense de Futsal – ASF were selected from records in field diaries of a conversation circle. This is a qualitative research based on dialogicity and centered on subjects, which was developed from interviews with the participants, which were recorded and transcribed in field diaries. For data analysis, we chose to carry out an episodic analysis, in which excerpts from the interviews were selected, presented and discussed, in order to promote reflection around the episodes, associating them, when possible, with Freirean concepts. The results found point to the denunciation of processes of dehumanization and situations of oppression experienced by female futsal athletes when walking as they establish themselves professionally as athletes, and reveal educational processes of coping, mutual care, support, identity, which function as a foundation and contribute to the process of developing critical consciousness that leads to liberating praxis, based on the permanent and constant state of being subjects that they are being.