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Processos mercantis e privatizantes na universidade pública: o caso da pós-graduação lato sensu e da pesquisa-inovação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-05)
Ferro, André José Sanaiotti Grade
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Silva, Eduardo Pinto e
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3492708361349827
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9951935995456106
The object of study for this doctoral research is the transformations undergone by public universities in light of the context of (neo)liberal state policies articulated with the logic of valorization, (re)production, and accumulation of capital. This work elucidates the ways in which commercial and privatizing processes are present and become naturalized within the public university. To apprehend and understand the object of study in its entirety, unveiling its contradictions and conflicts, we chose to conduct an analysis that dialectically articulates the theoretical-political reflection on commodification and privatization, combined with the documentary analysis (UFSCar Activity Report, Resolutions, among others) regarding the transformations of public universities and, at the same time, an empirical study to understand how commercial and privatizing processes are concretely realized in reality. We analyzed the way, the modus operandi, in which UFSCar has instituted a legal and institutional apparatus (Support Foundation, Innovation Agency, innovation scholarships and PIDICT scholarship, part of the payment of royalties to researchers, among others) to facilitate, promote, and encourage that activities related to research-innovation and specialization courses (extension) operate from the perspective of a market-privatist rationality. The study shows that these commercial and privatizing processes range from charging tuition fees in specialization courses to the development and commercialization of technological innovations (intellectual properties) for the market in search of royalties for the university. For this, the thesis was structured in four chapters: in the first, the relationship between science/technology and the logic of capital was problematized; in the second, the historical-political and economic process of the creation of UFSCar in the context of the civil-military dictatorship and (neo)liberal policies was emphasized; in the third, the issue of commodification of specialization courses was addressed; and in the fourth, the realization of commercial and privatizing processes in the research-innovation area was elucidated. Thus, the study proves relevant for (re)thinking the function that the public university is assuming in this context of (neo)liberal policies, considering that, in theory, the public university is not a company and, therefore, its function should not be to produce goods; on the contrary, we believe that its primary function is to promote teaching, research, and extension focused on meeting the public and collective interests of society/the common good and not the private/market interests.
O processo de metropolização em Sorocaba e sua hinterlândia: análise a partir dos eixos de desenvolvimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-05)
Garramona, Rofecele Teixeira
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SIlva, Carlos Henrique Costa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5444248390841543
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0338116140408122
Brazilian urban space has become the target of studies regarding metropolitan dynamics in the current period, where we consider that it is now equipped with new artifacts that give it characteristics never seen before, such as the change in focus on the economy, passing from the secondary to the tertiary sector and the intense circulation of information, capital, products and people, which begin to require new structures and dictate new rhythms in these spaces. The metropolitan phenomenon becomes the target of public policies that distort its main characteristics, where we notice a growing number of locations considered metropolitan in the legislative sphere, but which do not come close to these attributes in their daily lives, and let the priority of state interests appear in the issue of planning and territorial ordering, leaving open an extensive margin for the legislative power to dictate the rules of what would be the constituent municipalities of a metropolitan region. In our research we will analyze the case of Sorocaba and its neighboring municipalities, verifying whether there is an integration relationship between them through the phenomena of conurbation, circulation routes (necessary to support the flow of people and goods) and public and private structures that characterize the involvement of this specific region with the metropolization process.
O Método de Prova na Crítica da Razão Pura: o problema da síntese por meros conceitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-06)
Arelaro, Ana Letícia
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Santos, Paulo Roberto Licht dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1681044854219924
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2781754299800705
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3301-4033
In the Transcendental Doctrine of the Method of the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant characterizes the method of proof he employed in Transcendental Analytics as a transcendental method of synthesis by mere concepts. It is difficult to understand how a synthesis by concepts is possible, as Kant states at various points in the Critique that all synthetic knowledge requires reference to intuition, as is the case with the mathematical method of constructing concepts. This problem had repercussions on German Idealism, so that both Schelling and Fichte argue that Kant, by excluding intuition from the proof method of philosophy, ends up restricting it to the analysis and decomposition of concepts, such as the method of dogmatic metaphysics. However we intend to show that the proof method of the Critique of Pure Reason differs from dogmatism as this method is composed of two steps that go beyond the mere empty conceptual analysis. The first stage is found in the Analysis of Concepts, it is the transcendental deduction that aims to prove the objective validity of the categories; this stage has the essential role of not allowing philosophy, in its tests, to grope among mere empty concepts of objects, even without having any intuition. The second stage lies in proving the principles of understanding the Analytics of Principles; this stage aims to establish synthetic principles a priori, in a synthesis that has as its guiding thread not pure intuition, but possible experience. The present research, in opposition to the reading that Kant would have proposed a method of analytical proof for philosophy, intends to defend that the Critique of Pure Reason proposes in the Transcendental Doctrine of the Method and apply in the Transcendental Analytics a method of discursive synthesis. To this end, we also consider it necessary to investigate part of Kant's pre-critical period.
Efeitos do exercício aeróbio de baixa intensidade e da melatonina nos músculos esquelético e cardíaco de camundongos mdx
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-06)
Bonjorno, Reinaldo Carlos
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Cornachione, Anabelle Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0547232657871313
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7736998168424578
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), affecting 1 in every 5,000 live births, affects the X chromosome, responsible for the synthesis of the dystrophin protein that maintains the stability of the cell membrane, making it resistant to mechanical forces. It causes ruptures, necrosis, and increased serum levels of cytoplasmic enzymes, which activate proteases, stimulating the degeneration of muscle fibers. The diagnosis is made through clinical examinations such as: muscle biopsy, Creatine Kinase (CK), and DNA measurement. Due to recurrent injuries, satellite cells are constantly activated to carry out the tissue repair process. In this way, these cells end up entering an exhaustion process, reducing the “pool” of quiescent cells, and affecting the regenerative process. Physical exercise is an important and low-cost therapy that has been explored in the rehabilitation of patients with DMD. Studies show that a lack of physical activity can determine changes in the functionality of the muscular, cardiac, and respiratory systems. Experimental studies with mdx mice have shown that low-intensity physical exercise increases the expression of CS, muscle mass, and strength and improves tissue cytoarchitecture. In parallel to therapies through physical exercise, DMD is also targeted by drugs. The most common of these is cortisol, a drug that is capable of significantly reducing the degenerative process of muscle fibers, but, on the other hand, causes side effects. Currently, melatonin has become the focus of research in the process of muscle regeneration after injury. Melatonin has several functions in the body, in addition to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Aiming at antioxidant and anti-inflammatory power, studies have shown that patients with DMD have increased expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and these same authors have found a significant reduction in muscle necrosis markers. Exogenous administration of melatonin has been shown to increase the number of satellite cells and improve the strength and tissue morphology of normal skeletal muscles after physical exercise. Objective: Our objective was to analyze the morphofunctional and biochemical characteristics of dystrophic, skeletal, and cardiac muscles, after treatment with melatonin associated with low-intensity physical exercise. Results: The handgrip test showed that low-intensity aerobic exercise associated with melatonin induced a significant increase in grip strength in mdxTRM animals compared to mdxTR. In the morphological analysis of skeletal and cardiac muscles, it was possible to observe an improvement in the tissue morphology of the animals that were treated with melatonin in relation to the groups that did not receive the i.p. application. of melatonin. Regarding satellite cells, we can observe that the groups that completed the 21 training sessions presented greater PAX7 content, with the mdxTR group being the one that presented greater content compared to all other groups. For myogenin, the mdx and mdxM groups showed higher CS content in the fusion and differentiation phase, when compared to the trained groups. Using the Western Blot technique, we obtained promising results regarding the expression of the utrophin protein in the heart muscle, even without statistical significance.” The procedures imposed separately showed an increase in utrophin content when compared to the mdx group. The association of exercise and melatonin proved to be more efficient in morphology and in increasing the expression of utrophin. Conclusion: Both low-intensity aerobic exercise and melatonin improved the morphology of the psoas and cardiac muscles and also skeletal muscle function and when combined, these morphofunctional characteristics were even more expressive.
Diagnóstico e seleção de modelos com resposta binária e função de ligação assimétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-06)
Coelho, Fabiano Rodrigues
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Guzmán, Jorge Luis Bazán
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8040998023074358
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Novelli, Cibele Maria Russo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388
For binary response variables, probit and logit link functions are widely used. However, when the data is imbalanced, traditional approaches may not be suitable. In this thesis, we consider the skew-probit link function as a potential alternative for models with binary response. The parameters are estimated through a Bayesian approach using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo, and residual analysis is developed. Additionally, an extension for the case of mixed models is presented, with parameter estimation performed through numerical integration. As a practical application, we analyze two datasets. In both applications, it is possible to observe, through model selection criteria, that the skew-probit regression model is more efficient than traditional approaches. Computationally, for the fixed-effects model, we use the Stan language adapted to the R software. In the mixed case, the INLA methodology is considered. Proposals for future research are also discussed.
Análise de redes sociais de colaboração dos programas de pós-graduação no campo da Geoquímica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Gomes, Verônica de Souza
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Silva, Márcia Regina da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5381461208053330
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5852-1026
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2018157322328800
The characterization of a postgraduate program with a level of excellence goes through an evaluation process with different criteria to demonstrate its performance and its consonance with institutional planning. In Brazil, postgraduate programs are the locus of knowledge production and the process of building science. In this sense, analyzing a program based on scientific production and collaboration practices can reveal the directions that are occurring in science and guide the decisions of policy makers. Thus, the objective of this research is to analyze the social network of scientific collaboration of Postgraduate Programs in the area of Geosciences related to the field of Geochemistry in Brazil, based on the scientific production of permanent professors from the four-year period (2017-2020), as well as how to map the profile of programs. In this way, the research presents a review of the concepts coined by the Social Studies of Science. The research starts from an exploratory phase, with a quali-quantitative approach, which includes the search for evidence regarding production processes and collaboration in the construction of scientific knowledge. The bibliometric approach and Social Network Analysis are used to analyze the structure of scientific communication and the practices of social actors in the field of Geochemistry. The units of analysis comprise seven Postgraduate Programs – Postgraduate Program in Geosciences at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Postgraduate Program in Geology at the University of Brasília, Postgraduate Program in Geosciences (Geochemistry and Geotectonics) at the University of São Paulo, Postgraduate Program in Geosciences (Geochemistry) at the Federal University of Fluminense, Postgraduate Program in Geology and Geochemistry at the Federal University of Pará, Postgraduate Program in Geosciences at the Federal University of Pernambuco , and the Postgraduate Program in Geochemistry: Petroleum and Environment at the Federal University of Bahia. The main sources of information used in the research were the Sucupira Platform and the Lattes Platform. From the results it was possible to map and profile the seven Programs, obtaining a set of indicators of scientific production and teachers based on data from the Lattes Curriculum. Through Social Network Analysis it was possible to identify the actors and structures that strengthen the field of Geochemistry in Brazil. So, the group of actors analyzed in the programs was 220, through the production of 1,567 journal articles indexed in the Web of Science. The actors established collaborative relationships of an intra-interinstitutional nature. In addition to being one of the oldest programs, the Postgraduate Program in Geosciences at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul was the most significant in terms of scientific production, number of professors, productivity grants, degrees and projects. In the co-authorship network, the central actor of the network was “Elton Luiz Dantas”, professor of the Postgraduate Program in Geology at the University of Brasília. It is believed that the results presented contribute to the understanding of relationships in the field of Geochemistry and provide support for new studies. In this way, Governments, funding agencies and academic institutions can use Social Network Analysis data to make informed decisions about research investments and inter-institutional collaborations.
Integração das tecnologias da indústria 4.0 com o lean manufacturing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Martins, Tailise Mascarenhas
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Mano, Aline Patricia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6284496119790994
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6626-9051
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Mergulhão, Ricardo Coser
The research aims to analyze the impact of the interaction between Industry 4.0 technologies and the Lean Manufacturing concept on organizational operational performance, from the perspective of manufacturing managers, considering relevant information from a systematic literature review. The objective of integrating LM and I4.0 is to understand how LM impacts operational performance through systematic and continuous pursuit of waste reduction and improvement by interacting with I4.0 technologies, which introduce automation and interconnectivity and can mitigate pre-existing management difficulties. The study is based on a systematic literature review conducted in the SCOPUS and Web of Science databases, covering 54 articles, and on subsequent multiple case studies. The review identified 15 Lean Manufacturing tools, 18 I4.0 technologies, and 12 most cited improvements/benefits to date, which served as the basis for the case questionnaire and analyses of the multiple case studies. Multiple case studies were conducted in three manufacturing companies, using questionnaires, data collection from company websites, and interviews to triangulate data. The aim was to identify the interaction of I4.0 technologies with Lean Manufacturing tools and understand the maturity trajectory of I4.0 in each company. The results indicate that Lean Manufacturing is the foundation for successful implementation of Industry 4.0. This integration provides benefits such as increased confidence in data, productivity, and operational performance. The study offers managerial implications, highlighting how Lean tools can eliminate waste and effectively collaborate with the introduction of I4.0 technologies. Lessons learned from the case study companies provide valuable insights for improving the overall performance of companies integrating these tools and technologies.
Estrutura social, poder e linguagem: um estudo crítico dos CEOs das big techs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Ferratti, Gustavo Mendonça
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Candido, Silvio Eduardo Alvarez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0194644249955417
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5275-6577
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Sacomano Neto, Mário
This doctoral thesis analyzes the intricate relationship between social structure, power, and language of the CEOs of the five largest information technology companies in the West, collectively known as the "Big Five." The research explores the social, material, and linguistic aspects that condition the actions of these agents, while also investigating the diversity of subgroups within such technological elite. The central theoretical premise is that language not only reflects external material reality but also actively helps to construct and transform it through a politically structuring narrative dynamic. The thesis contributes to the field of critical organizational studies, filling the existing gap at the interface of management and other disciplines as computer science and social sciences. It does this through three interdisciplinary and multiparadigmatic articles that use mixed methods and multilevel analyses. The first article is a computational experiment that harmonizes opposing epistemological perspectives in textual analysis, namely: text generation methods with positivist engagement and hermeneutic methods of text analysis with interpretivist engagement. The article proposes a dialogic approach capable of expanding the possibility of creative interactions between researchers and generative linguistic models. With a training corpus of heroic canons of literature, text was stochastically generated and analyzed through the lenses of archetypal theory and literary criticism. The experiment not only indicates the reproduction to some extent of archetypes present in the original literary texts but also suggests a generalist path for theorization and ideation processes in the humanities and social sciences. The second article, through Pierre Bourdieu's reflexive sociology, offers a critical analysis of the trajectories, relations, and capitals of Big Tech CEOs. In it, we analyze the objective relational structure of the CEOs through multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and the dynamics of position-taking in the field through the more subjective controversies of their public speeches, which are approximated by semantic networks and prosopography. The study highlights the distinction of the subgroups of Big Tech CEOs, revealing a highly heterogeneous corporate elite with varied ideological inclinations. It also exposes the complex power dynamics existing between members of this technological elite and the State. The third article investigates the narrative power of Big Tech CEOs on Twitter, mobilizing diverse linguistic perspectives from the currents of natural language processing (NLP), discourse analysis, and antenarratives. It thus uses more structuralist text analysis techniques, such as lexicometry and topic modeling, along with more hermeneutic and qualitative analyses such as discourse and grand narratives. The results reveal that such CEOs use Twitter to legitimize themselves in a space where their economic power is limited. They use a discursive strategy of a neutral-positive tone and accessible vocabulary to increase their popularity. Furthermore, the more powerful CEOs tend to address broad socio-political issues, while the less powerful focus on more technical and innovation aspects of their own company. We believe that the three articles, taken together, outline a novel approach to problematizing and understanding the relationship between social structure, language, and power. Additionally, the unusual combination of methods employed throughout the thesis may assist future researchers in carefully integrating disciplines that are somewhat hermetic today but whose interface has much to contribute to the analysis of different organizations and social groups.
Restructuring the smart city from the global south: a structural and dialectical analysis between the virtual and physical urban space
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Figueirôa-Ferreira, Victor Garcia
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-6505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9310248062481932
This research critically analyses technology-driven development strategies, whether they are seen as an smart initiative or associated with sustainable, resilient and other characteristics. Also, analyses the impact of information and communication technologies on society, and investigates society's dependence on and need for technological innovations in the urban space. The aim is not to stagnate technological innovation, but to direct it towards serving society, the human aspect of the city. This is an intrinsically transdisciplinary endeavour that considers information and communication studies, political economy, urban studies, urban sociology, governance and theories of governability. This research seeks to understand the consequences of technology-driven development and analyse the physical urban space and its dialectical relationship with the virtual environment and its technologies, as well as the reconfiguration of the relations developed in these dimensions, the dynamics of power, the mechanisms of governance, governability and planning of the technologically expanded virtual space, especially in the context of the Global South. Thus, three original aspects of this research can be highlighted: (1) a theoretical framework that contributes to the analyses carried out in the thesis, due to its transdisciplinary and frontier nature; (2) the restructure of the understanding of smart cities through a Global South perspective; and (3) based on the material reality, prepare the ground for strategies, tactics, and future researches to further the comprehension of the smart cities and enable subversive changes.
Menopausa, aspectos psicossociais, sonolência diurna e qualidade de vida em docentes brasileiras: estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Masuda, Helen Mami
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Triches, Maria Isabel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9585150764624635
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7606-8218
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Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira
Menopause is an important phase in the lives of women, especially those in the job market. The teaching category presents a diversity of demands and high qualification and productivity requirements, which can compromise their physical and mental health. Objective: To associate menopause and psychosocial aspects, daytime sleepiness and quality of life in Brazilian teachers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using data from the RESPIRA cohort. Data were collected online using a sociodemographic, occupational and health questionnaire; Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II-Br; Epworth Sleepiness Scale; WHOQOL-BREF, STOP-Bang and IPAQ-SF. The sample is made up of teachers who work in higher education in Brazilian public educational institutions with an exclusive dedication of 40 hours a week. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive analysis and linear and logistic regression. Results: 411 teachers were included, of which 35.5% reported being in menopause. There was an association between the social relations domain of quality of life (B: -5.15; 95% CI: -9.57 – -0.74), family-work conflicts (OR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1 .20 – 3.68) and burnout (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.07 – 4.69) with menopause. Conclusion: The findings indicate that it is necessary to seek support strategies for teachers in order to improve social relationships, reduce the psychosocial risk related to burnout symptoms and family-work conflicts, necessary to promote better working conditions, as well as quality and quality of life.
Uso de jasmonatos na fitorremediação e tolerância a cádmio: uma revisão sistemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Souza, Raja Yamma Rodrigues
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Soares, Cristiano
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https://www.cienciavitae.pt/portal/9D14-B24C-D4D5
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-2024
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Baron, Daniel
The emission of cadmium (Cd) into the environment due to industrial, agricultural, and urbanization activities poses risks to agricultural production areas and, consequently, to human health. Among the promising decontamination strategies, phytoremediation is reported to be a low-cost and environmentally friendly solution. In this sense, different species have been studied to understand which plants are more tolerant of contaminated environments and suitable for Cd phytoremediation. However, the effects of applying phytoregulators on modulating plant metabolism under conditions of Cd stress have yet to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate phytoremediation and plant tolerance under exogenous jasmonate (JA) application in different plants grown in a Cd-contaminated environment. We used the systematic review methodology by defining the scope, planning, identifying, and searching, screening the articles, assessing eligibility, and interpreting and presenting the results. The eligible publications indicate that the application of JA to plants grown in a contaminated environment decreases Cd accumulation and malondialdehyde (MDA) content while increasing antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase, SOD, catalase, CAT, peroxidase, POD, and ascorbate peroxidase, APX). Thus, we conclude that applying JA decreases phytoremediation and increases the tolerance of plants grown in a Cd environment. The results of this review were written up as a review article and submitted to the scientific journal Environmental Chemistry Letters.
A constituição do Orientador Pedagógico: entre saberes e fazeres da profissão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Oliveira, Priscila Borges Ribeiro
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Gama, Renata Prenstteter
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lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-4345
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2922981803308609
This research focused on the search to understand the constitution of the Pedagogical Advisor in the Municipal Network of Sorocaba, as historical subjects in everyday school life, with specific and distinct function of the teacher, considered from two links of the profession: the knowing and the doing. The qualitative and interpretative approach problematizes the field tilting the look at the gaps and the distances between theory and practice, the needs of reality and the relationship between the elements of professional development of these subjects. The theoretical pillars are based on: Placco and Almeida (2015), Placco, Souza and Almeida (2012), conceptualizing this professional as a mediator who directs actions, aiming to transform school actions, aware that his work is not done in isolation, but collectively and in Tardif (2002) which sustains us on the concept of knowledge, as a basis for action and professional training. As a methodological instrument to analyze and interpret the data, we opted for Data Triangulation, built in its complexity, depth and diversity, organized in descriptive and analytical chapters, built from three methodological instruments: the Documentary Study, collating the documents produced by the municipal network, the documents and the laws that cross the knowledge and the training and professional development and the Conversation Wheel ending the methodological process, in a dialogic, meaningful movement, full of reflection and emotion, providing time and voice to participants, beginners and experienced professionals, different types of education. Intertwined in the daily pedagogical performance of the Pedagogical Advisor, we consider the links (knowledge and actions), from the understanding of reality and analysis of the data together with the results and the Consider-Actions, intend to present tessituras on the constitution of the Pedagogical Advisor, considering the knowledge and the doings, as well as elucidate possible contributions to the expansion of knowledge of the field, highlighting the inferences, possibilities that can favor the professional constitution, with regard to guiding, coordinating, articulating, forming and transforming. The production translates the search for answers, alongside the academic and social relevance, starting from the assumptions and the standpoint, revealing experiences and experiences along the trajectory of the researcher as a Pedagogical and professional advisor of education in the public network of Sorocaba. As an artistic-literary device during the course of this production, excerpts, and moments recorded in Cordel’s Literature, the result of reading, re-reading, revisiting and re-signification of the researcher’s 'Memoriel', while looking at the understanding of this professional constitution, knowledge and doing, intertwine and generate new ones, building shortcuts, shortening distances, trimming edges and reducing gaps, the commonplace of these professionals.
Letramento em avaliação na formação continuada de professoras de espanhol do ensino público
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Carvalho Pinto, Emily de
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Paula, Sandra Regina Buttros Gattolin de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9228036521343293
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0773052541645805
La evaluación desempeña un papel fundamental en el ámbito educativo, siendo considerada una etapa intrínseca a la práctica docente y con el potencial de influir tanto en las prácticas pedagógicas como en las decisiones administrativas. Sin embargo, las dimensiones sociales, políticas y éticas de la evolución a menudo se descuidan en la formación docente, lo que resulta en niveles insuficientes de literacidad en evaluación entre los profesores. Para mitigar los impactos negativos de estas brechas, los investigadores recomiendan la inclusión de cursos de evaluación tanto en la formación inicial como en la formación continua, permitiendo que los profesores tomen decisiones informadas con respecto a sus prácticas de evaluación. En este contexto, este estudio busca sumarse a las discusiones sobre la literacidad en evaluación de lenguas en Brasil, investigando cómo proporcionar oportunidades para el desarrollo de la literacidad en evaluación de profesoras de lengua española en ejercicio. Por lo tanto, ofrecemos un curso de formación continua sobre evaluación para profesoras que trabajan en la red pública. Adoptamos como marco teórico la literacidad en evaluación de lenguas (Scaramucci, 2006; 2016; Inbar-Lourie. 2008, 2013; Fulcher, 2012; Scaramucci; Boffi, 2013; Malone, 2013; Scarino, 2013; Taylor, 2013; Rogier, 2014; Combe, 2018; Quevedo-Camargo; Scaramucci, 2018; Giraldo, 2018, 2020, 2021; Fernandes, 2019; Quevedo-Camargo; Sousa, 2022; Brum-Barreto, 2023), ya que consideramos esencial que las profesoras involucradas en la evaluación posean conocimientos, habilidades y principios específicos para realizar evaluaciones eficaces. Esta investigación está inserta en el paradigma interpretativista y se fundamenta en las premisas de la investigación colaborativa. Los datos fueron generados a partir de un curso de formación continua dirigido a profesoras de lengua española en la enseñanza pública. Para ello, utilizamos una variedad de instrumentos, incluyendo cuestionarios, diarios reflexivos, grabaciones de las reuniones, así como análisis de documentos, nubes de palabras, actividades prácticas y actividades evaluativas iniciales y finales producidas por las participantes de la investigación antes y después del curso. El análisis y la discusión de los datos comenzaron con una observación inicial, en la que se mapeó el perfil académico y profesional del grupo y los conocimientos previos de las participantes sobre evaluación. Posteriormente, con base en los datos generados en el curso, se discutió el desarrollo de la literacidad en evaluación de lenguas de las participantes a partir en nueve descriptores. Luego, se evaluó cómo las profesoras pusieron en práctica sus conocimientos a través de la creación de un instrumento de evaluación. Los resultados muestran que el curso logró el objetivo de sensibilizar a las profesoras en cuanto a la definición de objetivos y criterios de evaluación, la importancia de la evaluación basada en principios éticos, democráticos, justos y transparentes, así como la elaboración de instrumentos de evaluación más significativos, auténticos y válidos. Finalmente, se destaca que desarrollar la literacidad en evaluación entre los profesores es esencial para mejorar la calidad de la educación y promover prácticas de evaluación más efectivas y justas en el contexto educativo.
Optimum-path forest in support of collaborative filtering
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Martins, Guilherme Brandão
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Papa, João Paulo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9039182932747194
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8300636274454060
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2842-7850
Machine learning algorithms are being applied in various computational challenges, among which Recommender Systems (RS) present a range of techniques and approaches to effectively manage large volumes of data and provide personalized and relevant content to users. Such systems must be able to handle data-related issues such as sparsity, scalability, and the cold start problem and Collaborative Filtering (CF) has traditionally been the primary strategy for addressing those challenges. One way to tackled those problems and improve recommendation results is by leveraging auxiliary information sources to compensate the lack of CF data, such as user-item interactions. However, different interpretations of the mentioned problems should be explored. The current work contributes in the field of machine learning by proposing approaches to address the mentioned challenges. This thesis presents a collection of works developed by the author throughout the research period, which have been published or submitted up to the present, encompassing: (i) a systematic literature review which analyzes and discuss recent deep learning approaches employed for CF under sparse-related conditions, while also identifying the challenges and limitations within the field; (ii) a Matrix Factorization (MF)-based ap- proach that leverages CF-related sparsity for the purpose of classifiers fusion; (iii) an alternative unsupervised Optimum-Path Forest (OPF) designed to perform efficiently in large-scale datasets by employing k-approximate-nearest-neighbors graph as its adjacency relation; and (iv) an OPF clustering model built upon the shared-neighborhood concept to alleviate sparsity and high dimensionality issues during CF-based recommendation. The experimental results achieved through such works corroborate the hypotheses of the present thesis.
“Da árvore do conhecimento, não comereis o fruto”: o caráter neoconservador cristão da Escola sem Partido
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-07)
Guidotti, Vitor Hugo Rinaldini
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Souza, André Ricardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7016915324466152
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-3117
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3171646123025674
The activist association "Escola sem Partido" (ESP) operated from 2004 to 2020, playing a significant role during the major rise of neoconservatism in Brazil. It stood out for its advocacy of agendas aimed at restricting critical perspectives in the field of education. The aim of this research was to address, from a sociological perspective, the Christian neoconservative influence on ESP, exploring the strategies and foundations it mobilized for its activities. To achieve this goal, primary and secondary sources were analyzed, including publications on its website and blog, as well as information from its social media profiles. To analyze the blog content, elements of Textual Discourse Analysis and Categorical Content Analysis were employed. In addition, other materials were studied, such as data from other blogs, social media, and websites with pronounced neoconservative content, public speeches by its founder and leader Miguel Nagib, and reliable official documents and journalistic material. The research results reveal the strong Christian neoconservative influence on ESP, which underpinned its principles and guided its initiatives in the political, educational, religious, and legal fields. It was also possible to observe the mobilization of ESP's agendas, especially during electoral periods, particularly in the 2018 elections. Through this study, gaps in research were identified and addressed, aiming to contribute to a greater sociological understanding of ESP in the context of the rise of the far-right and neoconservatism in Brazil.
Áreas de risco para a disseminação da febre amarela em São Paulo: como a estrutura da paisagem influencia a abundância e a conectividade funcional para Haemagogus spp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Prado, Amanda Francisco
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Prist, Paula Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6937654389242222
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Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064
Wild yellow fever (WYF) is a high lethality infectious disease for humans and some non-human primates (NHP). It is caused by Flavivirus that have the mosquitoes Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Haemagogus janthinomys (Culicidae:Diptera) as primary vectors in the Atlantic Forest. Both species are considered acrodendrophiles and common in forest fragments, but have different tolerances to habitat degradation. Previously endemic to the Amazon region, WYF has recently spread throughout Brazil. In São Paulo state, the last WYF outbreak began in 2016 in the northwest region and, from 2017, the virus spread to the eastern part of the state, possibly through ecological corridors or stepping stones, causing a large decline in threatened PNH species and having a large impact on public health. Virus transmission risk is mainly related to vector abundance. However, despite of several efforts, little is known about vector ecology requirements, particularly on how landscape parameters affect their abundances and functional connectivity for them, which allows virus spread to other regions. Therefore, the goals of this study were (1) to analyze how and at what scale the landscape structure affects Hg. leucocelaenus and Hg. janthinomys abundance in São Paulo state, (2) based on their ecology, identify connecting elements that possibly were used by the vectors in the last outbreak and (3) indicate areas with greater risk of WYF vector dispersion. For this, we used vector abundance data collected in 24 points of native vegetation areas in São Paulo northwest and a model selection approach, with landscape metrics at different scales (from 500 m to 2.5 km) as predictor variables. Based on the best selected model, the abundance of each vector was extrapolated to the entire state and overlapped with a potential functional connectivity map developed for each species. The abundance of Hg. leucocelaenus responded to the landscape structure mainly at the 2.0 km scale and the results suggest that increases in the forest cover amount with high fragmentation levels tend to increase the abundance of this species. The abundance of Hg. janthinomys responded to the landscape structure mainly at the largest scales (2.5 km) and results suggest that this species is less abundant in fragmented and degraded landscapes, is more related to core areas of native vegetation fragments and may be more related to Cerrado areas than Hg. leucocelaenus. The areas with greatest risk for virus spread were mainly concentrated on the upper edges of Serra do Mar, in the Serra da Cantareira region, in the peripheral areas of São Paulo metropolitan region and in Vale do Paraíba, due to the greater estimated vector abundance and high functional connectivity observed. Core areas of large forest fragments showed a lower risk of virus spreading. Thus, the fragmented landscapes of São Paulo present several characteristics that result in a high risk of occurrence and WYF spread, including in areas close to large urban centers, raising the alarm of WYF reurbanization. Therefore, the maintenance and recovery of forest areas in a non-fragmented state is essential to prevent new WYF outbreaks, as well as the inclusion of multiscale analysis in the epidemiological surveillance routine and animal health services, to more accurately estimate the potential dispersion routes of the virus.
Pesquisa-ação: estudo bibliométrico de artigos científicos indexados na base de dados Educ@
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Silva, Fernando Xavier
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7263318849588556
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-3767
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9581628872265605
This is a bibliometric study on action research. Action research is a research method with various definitions and investigation procedures. It is a type of collaborative and emancipatory scientific research that involves social action carried out by the stakeholders themselves. Given the specific nature of action research, a review of articles on this method proved to be an important scientific contribution. The key contribution of bibliometric research is the verification of impact, as this type of research aims to gauge, measure, analyze, for example, the number of publications, citations, the degree of circulation in scientific and strictly political environments. The general objectives were: To analyze the characteristics of academic production in articles with the theme of action research hosted on the Educ@ platform; To analyze the citations of the articles by means of a bibliometric study. The specific objectives were: a) To carry out a historical reconstruction and theoretical foundation of action research on the concept of action research and the fundamental works on this subject in order to contextualize the current state of the field. This bibliometry indicated that Price's index according to which 50% of academic production in a given field is carried out by the square root of the total number of authors could not be verified, as √ of 2013 authors (including theses, dissertations, articles, book chapters and books) is 45. The 45 authors together produced 318 works, which corresponded to 22.5% of the total of 1409 productions. Most of these were produced in the 2000s, with 616 studies (43.7% of 1409). It was also concluded that the bibliometrics of the articles provided a general picture of the studies that used action research as a method, and that some characteristics indicate the potential contribution of this method to education, both in teacher training and in raising awareness of issues such as race, gender and the environment. On the other hand, it is a method that is constantly being re-evaluated and undergoing debate in the scientific field.
Modelagem via redes neurais de dados de sobrevivência de longa duração com dispersão não observada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Teh, Led Red
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Cancho, Vicente Garibay
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592000878389363
Traditional models in survival analysis assume that every subject will eventually experience the event of interest in the study, such as death or disease recurrence, so the survival function is said to be proper. Cure rate model, which was first proposed seven decades ago, has since been used to account for the presence of cure fraction, this means that a certain fraction of the individuals will never experience the occurrence of an event of interest for which they can be treated as immune or cured subjects in the context of cancer treatment. In the literature, various cure rate models have been widely studied and commonly applied to structured data with small quantities of covariates. The use of convolutional neural network, a powerful deep learning technique for image processing problem, has become increasingly more common in the medical field in recent years. Medical images such as histological slides and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) are directly related to a patient's prognostic factors, therefore, it is reasonable to introduce these images as predictors in cure model. In this work, we extend upon the article of Xie and Yu (2021b) in which a neural network was used to model the unstructured predictor's effect in the promotion time cure model's setting to the cases of overdispersed data. We will call our extension as integrated negative binomial cure rate model, and its parameters will be estimated through the Expectation-Maximization algorithm.
Imunogenicidade de proteínas recombinantes de Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: proteção em um modelo murino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Godoy, Naiane Lima
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Novo-Mansur, Maria Teresa Marques
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lattes.cnpq.br/1198926223396748
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-6287
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Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that causes swine erysipelas, which leads to the loss and poor development of pigs. Existing vaccines for immunization against erysipelas are made up of killed or attenuated bacteria and, according to reports in the literature, have failed to provide protection, leading to the search for other components that could form a new vaccine against this disease. The surface protein SpaA of E. rhusiopathiae alredy has been reported to induce a host immune response against the bacteria, and hsp70 DnaK has been shown to be an antigenic protein of the bacteria. This work evaluated the immunogenicity and protection induced by the recombinant proteins SpaA and DnaK from E. rhusiopathiae in a murine model. The model was designed in 6 groups of mice that received two doses (subcutaneous and intramuscular) of 40 µg and 100 µg of recombinant proteins. The proteins were evaluated separately and together, compared with a commercial vaccine and with the no-vaccination condition. The proteins were evaluated separately and together, compared with a commercial vaccine and the without vaccination condition. 21 days after the last dose, mice were challenged with a virulent strain of E. rhusiopathiae and serum was collected to assess antibodies, peripheral blood cells were counted, and spleen and kidney tissues were analyzed for the presence of E. rhusiopathiae by colony count. Finally, two survival curves were performed, evaluating the protection induced by the proteins. The results showed that IgG antibodies increased in the serum of animals inoculated with the proteins, which also had bacterial proliferation reduced in the spleens and kidneys evaluated, and presented a significant delay in the symptoms of the disease in this immunization model. These results suggest that the DnaK and SpaA proteins from E. rhusiopathiae have immunogenic potential and can modulate the development of the disease, as assessed in the murine model.
Eletromobilidade: estado atual dos veículos elétricos e das baterias de íons lítio (BILs)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Moreira, Nathan dos Santos
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Bocchi, Nerilso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5930614700886481
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5606563001971845
Electric vehicles are characterized by having an electricity-powered motor whose energy comes from a battery or a fuel cell. A variety of health and environmental problems are linked to the emission of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion. These concerns, combined with the fluctuation in oil prices, have significantly boosted the electric vehicle sector in recent years to replace internal-combustion-engine vehicles, requiring the development of batteries that offer high autonomy and driver safety. Among these devices, lithium-ion batteries exhibit higher energy and volumetric density as well as a long life cycle. Thus, this work aims to conduct a literature review on lithium-ion batteries, evaluating their prospects and challenges. Additionally, the most recent data on electric vehicles in both Brazil and world will also be presented.