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Áreas de risco para a disseminação da febre amarela em São Paulo: como a estrutura da paisagem influencia a abundância e a conectividade funcional para Haemagogus spp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Prado, Amanda Francisco
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Prist, Paula Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6937654389242222
;
Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064
Wild yellow fever (WYF) is a high lethality infectious disease for humans and some non-human primates (NHP). It is caused by Flavivirus that have the mosquitoes Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Haemagogus janthinomys (Culicidae:Diptera) as primary vectors in the Atlantic Forest. Both species are considered acrodendrophiles and common in forest fragments, but have different tolerances to habitat degradation. Previously endemic to the Amazon region, WYF has recently spread throughout Brazil. In São Paulo state, the last WYF outbreak began in 2016 in the northwest region and, from 2017, the virus spread to the eastern part of the state, possibly through ecological corridors or stepping stones, causing a large decline in threatened PNH species and having a large impact on public health. Virus transmission risk is mainly related to vector abundance. However, despite of several efforts, little is known about vector ecology requirements, particularly on how landscape parameters affect their abundances and functional connectivity for them, which allows virus spread to other regions. Therefore, the goals of this study were (1) to analyze how and at what scale the landscape structure affects Hg. leucocelaenus and Hg. janthinomys abundance in São Paulo state, (2) based on their ecology, identify connecting elements that possibly were used by the vectors in the last outbreak and (3) indicate areas with greater risk of WYF vector dispersion. For this, we used vector abundance data collected in 24 points of native vegetation areas in São Paulo northwest and a model selection approach, with landscape metrics at different scales (from 500 m to 2.5 km) as predictor variables. Based on the best selected model, the abundance of each vector was extrapolated to the entire state and overlapped with a potential functional connectivity map developed for each species. The abundance of Hg. leucocelaenus responded to the landscape structure mainly at the 2.0 km scale and the results suggest that increases in the forest cover amount with high fragmentation levels tend to increase the abundance of this species. The abundance of Hg. janthinomys responded to the landscape structure mainly at the largest scales (2.5 km) and results suggest that this species is less abundant in fragmented and degraded landscapes, is more related to core areas of native vegetation fragments and may be more related to Cerrado areas than Hg. leucocelaenus. The areas with greatest risk for virus spread were mainly concentrated on the upper edges of Serra do Mar, in the Serra da Cantareira region, in the peripheral areas of São Paulo metropolitan region and in Vale do Paraíba, due to the greater estimated vector abundance and high functional connectivity observed. Core areas of large forest fragments showed a lower risk of virus spreading. Thus, the fragmented landscapes of São Paulo present several characteristics that result in a high risk of occurrence and WYF spread, including in areas close to large urban centers, raising the alarm of WYF reurbanization. Therefore, the maintenance and recovery of forest areas in a non-fragmented state is essential to prevent new WYF outbreaks, as well as the inclusion of multiscale analysis in the epidemiological surveillance routine and animal health services, to more accurately estimate the potential dispersion routes of the virus.
Pesquisa-ação: estudo bibliométrico de artigos científicos indexados na base de dados Educ@
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Silva, Fernando Xavier
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Hayashi, Maria Cristina Piumbato Innocentini
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7263318849588556
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1250-3767
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9581628872265605
This is a bibliometric study on action research. Action research is a research method with various definitions and investigation procedures. It is a type of collaborative and emancipatory scientific research that involves social action carried out by the stakeholders themselves. Given the specific nature of action research, a review of articles on this method proved to be an important scientific contribution. The key contribution of bibliometric research is the verification of impact, as this type of research aims to gauge, measure, analyze, for example, the number of publications, citations, the degree of circulation in scientific and strictly political environments. The general objectives were: To analyze the characteristics of academic production in articles with the theme of action research hosted on the Educ@ platform; To analyze the citations of the articles by means of a bibliometric study. The specific objectives were: a) To carry out a historical reconstruction and theoretical foundation of action research on the concept of action research and the fundamental works on this subject in order to contextualize the current state of the field. This bibliometry indicated that Price's index according to which 50% of academic production in a given field is carried out by the square root of the total number of authors could not be verified, as √ of 2013 authors (including theses, dissertations, articles, book chapters and books) is 45. The 45 authors together produced 318 works, which corresponded to 22.5% of the total of 1409 productions. Most of these were produced in the 2000s, with 616 studies (43.7% of 1409). It was also concluded that the bibliometrics of the articles provided a general picture of the studies that used action research as a method, and that some characteristics indicate the potential contribution of this method to education, both in teacher training and in raising awareness of issues such as race, gender and the environment. On the other hand, it is a method that is constantly being re-evaluated and undergoing debate in the scientific field.
Modelagem via redes neurais de dados de sobrevivência de longa duração com dispersão não observada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Teh, Led Red
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Cancho, Vicente Garibay
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3503233632044163
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592000878389363
Traditional models in survival analysis assume that every subject will eventually experience the event of interest in the study, such as death or disease recurrence, so the survival function is said to be proper. Cure rate model, which was first proposed seven decades ago, has since been used to account for the presence of cure fraction, this means that a certain fraction of the individuals will never experience the occurrence of an event of interest for which they can be treated as immune or cured subjects in the context of cancer treatment. In the literature, various cure rate models have been widely studied and commonly applied to structured data with small quantities of covariates. The use of convolutional neural network, a powerful deep learning technique for image processing problem, has become increasingly more common in the medical field in recent years. Medical images such as histological slides and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) are directly related to a patient's prognostic factors, therefore, it is reasonable to introduce these images as predictors in cure model. In this work, we extend upon the article of Xie and Yu (2021b) in which a neural network was used to model the unstructured predictor's effect in the promotion time cure model's setting to the cases of overdispersed data. We will call our extension as integrated negative binomial cure rate model, and its parameters will be estimated through the Expectation-Maximization algorithm.
Imunogenicidade de proteínas recombinantes de Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: proteção em um modelo murino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Godoy, Naiane Lima
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Novo-Mansur, Maria Teresa Marques
;
lattes.cnpq.br/1198926223396748
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-6287
;
Anibal, Fernanda de Freitas
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a Gram-positive bacillus that causes swine erysipelas, which leads to the loss and poor development of pigs. Existing vaccines for immunization against erysipelas are made up of killed or attenuated bacteria and, according to reports in the literature, have failed to provide protection, leading to the search for other components that could form a new vaccine against this disease. The surface protein SpaA of E. rhusiopathiae alredy has been reported to induce a host immune response against the bacteria, and hsp70 DnaK has been shown to be an antigenic protein of the bacteria. This work evaluated the immunogenicity and protection induced by the recombinant proteins SpaA and DnaK from E. rhusiopathiae in a murine model. The model was designed in 6 groups of mice that received two doses (subcutaneous and intramuscular) of 40 µg and 100 µg of recombinant proteins. The proteins were evaluated separately and together, compared with a commercial vaccine and with the no-vaccination condition. The proteins were evaluated separately and together, compared with a commercial vaccine and the without vaccination condition. 21 days after the last dose, mice were challenged with a virulent strain of E. rhusiopathiae and serum was collected to assess antibodies, peripheral blood cells were counted, and spleen and kidney tissues were analyzed for the presence of E. rhusiopathiae by colony count. Finally, two survival curves were performed, evaluating the protection induced by the proteins. The results showed that IgG antibodies increased in the serum of animals inoculated with the proteins, which also had bacterial proliferation reduced in the spleens and kidneys evaluated, and presented a significant delay in the symptoms of the disease in this immunization model. These results suggest that the DnaK and SpaA proteins from E. rhusiopathiae have immunogenic potential and can modulate the development of the disease, as assessed in the murine model.
Eletromobilidade: estado atual dos veículos elétricos e das baterias de íons lítio (BILs)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Moreira, Nathan dos Santos
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Bocchi, Nerilso
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5930614700886481
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5606563001971845
Electric vehicles are characterized by having an electricity-powered motor whose energy comes from a battery or a fuel cell. A variety of health and environmental problems are linked to the emission of greenhouse gases from fossil fuel combustion. These concerns, combined with the fluctuation in oil prices, have significantly boosted the electric vehicle sector in recent years to replace internal-combustion-engine vehicles, requiring the development of batteries that offer high autonomy and driver safety. Among these devices, lithium-ion batteries exhibit higher energy and volumetric density as well as a long life cycle. Thus, this work aims to conduct a literature review on lithium-ion batteries, evaluating their prospects and challenges. Additionally, the most recent data on electric vehicles in both Brazil and world will also be presented.
Propriedades farmacológicas da alicina (diallyl thiosulfinate), potencial aplicação em produtos biotecnológicos para suplementação alimentar animal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Soares, João Gilberto Bernardi
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Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9077891857660784
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4155-7345
Babesia Caballi and Theileria Equi are known diseases of parasites of the phylum apicomplexa that share strategies for invasion of red blood cell cells. Pure allicin is a molecule derived from crushed fresh garlic and has antifungal, antiparasitic, and antioxidant properties. In this way, we carried out docking and molecular dynamics experiments in order to verify the pharmacological properties of allicin to be used in the treatment and prevention of T.equi and B. caballi, and to verify its permanence in complex under conditions of temperature, movement, time, pressure and solvated environment, for this, allicin and the proteins PDB Id 3SRI Plasmodium falciparum PfRON2 with 29 aa, PDB Id 4APM AMA1/Babesia Divergens, and the protein constructed by homology model_01Babesia Caballi, Of the amino acid residues that interacted with the active allicin, several belong to the conserved and common sequence among the members of the phylum apicomplexan and have been extensively described in previous works, thus providing important information on the dynamics of the ligand-protein complex. In the molecular docking experiments, interactions with nonpolar amino acid residues predominated, with results of changes in the protein structure according to the spatial arrangement of the functional groups and their insertion rate in the protein cavity, highlighting the importance of noncovalent interactions for the study of drug candidates. The hydrophobicity observed in the protein-ligand interactions showed the tendency of stabilization of the protein structure in the direction of a lower energy gradient about the solvation environment external to the hydrophobic pocket, where the ligand coupling site is. Among the results of the experiments, the RMSD difference from the best adjustment configuration of the allicin ligand characterized its affinity for the amino acid sequence of babesia. The van der Waals energies, which represent the short-range interactions for molecules in a solvated medium, and the long-range electrostatic or Coulomb energies, along with the affinity energy, topology and energetic character of the ligand. With the results of the experiments, it was possible to establish the relationship of the anti-protozoan properties of allicin from the results of the in silico and in vitro experiments, the analysis of the docking results and molecular dynamics of the ligand-protein interactions allowed to point out allicin as a new active potential for the prevention and treatment of Babesia Caballi and Theileria Equi. Which offers conditions for the manufacture of a new product in biotechnology, with the respective patent registration, to be integrated into the diet of horses.
Nanocarreadores biopoliméricos de isoflavonas de soja e óleos essenciais: potencial dermocosmético, fotoprotetivo e antimicrobiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-08)
Santos, Eduarda Oliveira dos
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Forim, Moacir Rossi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9921184973069169
;
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4748-6764
With the emergence of healthier and more conscious lifestyles, the cosmetics market has undergone a significant shift in chemical reformulation and technological planning. Plant extracts and essential oils stand out, as their components can exhibit more than one of these characteristics simultaneously and act synergistically. The strategy of converting regular materials into nano-scale formulations for cosmetics lies in formulating products with a high penetration power into the skin layers. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the potential of secondary metabolites found in soybean seeds (Glycine max) and commercially sourced essential oils (Geraniaceae, Pinaceae, and Citrae) as agents for dermocosmetic application, based on antimicrobial, antioxidant, and photoprotective activities, and the production of nanocapsules using biodegradable polymer. For this purpose, quantitative extraction of phenolic compounds restricted to legumes (Fabaceae), the aglycone isoflavones daidzein, glycitein, and genistein was performed. The identification and quantification of active compounds were obtained through UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, HPLC-UV/DAD, and GC-MS. Finally, the samples were nanoencapsulated using polycaprolactone. The colloidal suspension obtained was characterized based on zeta potential, pH, particle diameter, and encapsulation efficiency, as well as the efficiency of the spray-drying process. The soy extract prepared using an EtOH:DMSO 80% solution with ultrasound assistance proved to be more efficient in extracting daidzein, glycitein, and genistein (58.0 ± 4.33; 7.37 ± 0.575; 61.9 ± 4.06 mg/100 g respectively) with better photoprotective activity (MEC = 0.482 ± 0.018 mg/mL) and antioxidant activity (9.2 mg GAE/100g; IC50= 1.36 mg/mL). Daidzein and genistein standards showed better photoprotective activity compared to the benzophenone control. Geranium essential oil (Pelargonium graveolens) stood out as an antimicrobial agent (IC50= 5.63 µL/mL; SI=1.68), cedar essential oil (Cedrus atlantica) as a photoprotective agent (MEC = 6.6 µg/mL), and tangerine oil (Citrus reticulata) as an antioxidant (30.9 mg GAE/g). The major components were identified as citronellol for geranium oil, himachalene for cedar oil, and limonene for tangerine oil. The prepared nanocarriers had an average particle diameter of 300 nm, a zeta potential of -20 mV, and IPD between 0.3 and 0.5, demonstrating relative stability regarding the evaluated hydrogenic potential. The encapsulation efficiency was determined in terms of daidzein and genistein isoflavones, with values above 90%, and a drying efficiency of 52%. This work demonstrated the potential of soy isoflavones and essential oils as powerful photoprotective and antimicrobial agents, as well as the feasibility of their incorporation in the form of nanocarriers as potential dermocosmetic agents.
A leitura como prática emancipatória nos romances austenianos: Mansfield Park (1814) e Northanger Abbey (1818)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Caporale, Camila Cano
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Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-5766
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6099331622162088
Jane Austen is the author of novels in which have great prestige in the literary scene, mainly because she highlights aspects of English society to which she was linked. Among the most studied aspects, we mention the issue of women and marriage and irony. We, however, see and intend to investigate more deeply in this doctoral thesis a third major source for the recognition of social issues which were present in his time, namely, the issue of reading as a relevant and emancipatory practice for his reading characters. There will be two novels, with which we will seek to develop our work proposal: Mansfield Park (1814), Northanger Abbey, with the publication of the later dated in (1818). Both novels were the last of his career, considered fundamental in terms of analysis and questions about reading as a source of emancipation for the protagonist readers in the novels highlighted above. In both texts, literary analysis will be subordinated to the so-called three-horizon reading proposed by Fredric Jameson, (1992), considering political and social aspects present within the texts and the themes mentioned above.
Efeito residual de herbicidas em soja, amendoim e crotalária e sua toxicidade em organismos não-alvo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Schedenffeldt, Bruna Ferrari
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Monquero, Patricia Andrea
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-1861
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0040986288381186
The use of herbicides, especially those with long persistence, can impact the productivity of agricultural crops and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of different doses of the herbicides indaziflam, sulfentrazone, and clomazone on the growth and development of Crotalaria juncea L., Arachis hypogaea L., and Glycine max (L.) Merr. The acute, chronic, and avoidance effects on Eisenia andrei (Bouché) and acute toxicity on the macrophyte Lemna minor were also assessed. The experiment was divided into two parts, with the first part conducted in a greenhouse following a completely randomized design (CRD) for each crop (soybean, sunn hemp, and peanut) and herbicides (indaziflam, sulfentrazone, and clomazone) in a 6 x 5 factorial arrangement, with five replications, the first factor consisted of 6 different doses (0, 1/8D, 1/4D, 1/2D, 1D, and 2D) of herbicides, where "D" represents the commercially recommended dose for sugarcane cultivation. The second factor comprised 5 sowing periods (0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 days after application - DAA) for the crops. Plants were evaluated for phytotoxicity, height, leaf area, and dry aboveground biomass at 56 days after seeding. The acute assay with E. andrei followed a completely randomized design (CRD) encompassing six concentrations (0.0; 10.0; 100.0; 500.0 and 1,000.0 mg a.i. kg-1 soil) for each herbicide, with five replicates. The avoidance test followed a CRD with five sublethal concentrations. For clomazone and indaziflam, concentrations were 1.0; 10.0; 50.0; 75.0 and 100.0 mg a.i. kg-1, while for sulfentrazone, concentrations were 1.0; 10.0; 25.0; 50.0 and 75.0 mg a.i. kg-1, also with five replicates. The chronic assay adopted the same guidelines as the acute assay, with adults kept for 28 days, followed by collection and counting of juveniles and eggs at 56 days. The herbicide doses were clomazone 1.0; 10.0; 25.0; 50.0 and 75.0 mg a.i. kg-1, sulfentrazone 1.0; 10.0; 100.0; 500.0 and 750.0 mg a.i. kg-1, and indaziflam 1.0; 10.0; 50.0; 75.0 and 100.0 mg a.i. kg-1. The assays with L. minor involved exposing the macrophytes for 7 days to analyze the effect of clomazone and sulfentrazone at concentrations of 0.10; 1.07; 3.44; 11.16; 36.40 and 118,0 mg L-1, and for indaziflam at concentrations of 0.03; 0.06; 0.09; 0.12; 0.15 and 0.18 mg L-1, for a period of 7 days. It was observed that C. juncea plants were extremely sensitive to the herbicide indaziflam, regardless of dose or seeding period, showing reductions in all analyzed parameters. In contrast, the phytotoxicity of sulfentrazone and clomazone decreased from 20 DAA at all doses used. A. hypogaea was highly sensitive to the herbicides indaziflam and sulfentrazone, especially at higher doses, regardless of seeding period, with reductions in all analyzed parameters. G. max was also extremely sensitive to indaziflam, with no significant influence of dose or seeding period on all analyzed parameters. The same occurred with the application of sulfentrazone at 0 and 10 DAA at doses of 600.0 and 1,200.0 g a.i. ha-1. In the acute toxicity analysis, the herbicides clomazone and sulfentrazone were moderately toxic (LC50 = 10-1,000 mg kg-1 soil) to earthworms of the species E. andrei, corresponding to an LC50 of 184.12 mg a.i. kg-1 and 1,000 mg a.i. kg-1, respectively. It was not possible to estimate the lethal dose for the herbicide indaziflam. In the avoidance behavior analysis, the herbicide sulfentrazone induced avoidance by E. andrei from the minimum tested concentration, while clomazone and indaziflam induced avoidance at concentrations of 50.0 and 75.0 mg a.i. kg-1 and 75.0 and 100.0 mg a.i. kg-1, respectively. Chronic exposure of earthworms impacted reproduction, with clomazone having an EC50 of 0.572 mg kg-1. Sulfentrazone had an EC50 of 0.3941 mg kg-1. It is noteworthy that all herbicides, including indaziflam, had an EC10 of 1.0 mg kg-1. Finally, the herbicides showed moderate toxicity to the aquatic plant L. minor, resulting in significant reductions in fresh biomass, even at lower concentrations.
VALE: uma análise de indicadores de financeirização e seus impactos de gestão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Mesquita, Filipe Valadares
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-2547
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0509658939975492
The term financialization presents different concepts to characterize a series of empirical phenomena at different levels of analysis and one of the approaches identified corresponds to the examination of financialization from a critical approach to maximizing shareholder value. In this scenario, financialization appears as a process in which financial markets and services become more relevant than the real economy, discouraging productive investment and promoting rent-seeking behavior, thus increasing the influence of the banking-financial sector with regard to driving of economic policy. The main impacts are the increase in economic instability, the increased focus on adding value for shareholders, the emergence of institutional investors, the transfer of income from the real sector to the financial sector, the increase in inequality and wage stagnation. Although the process is typical of more developed economies, authors have argued that the financialization process is deepening in Brazil. Therefore, the present study proposes as a research question to identify, through financialization indicators, how this phenomenon has affected the management model at the VALE company. To this end, a case study was conducted collecting secondary data from the company VALE, through its reference forms published over a 10-year period, from 2010 to 2019, seeking to analyze the data found and compare them with financialization indicators found in the literature that provided the theoretical basis for the development of the analysis categories. The results found indicate that VALE is in fact a highly financialized company, especially when we take into account the dynamics adopted to maximize shareholder values.
A framework for the design of digital games with therapeutic potential by people in recovery from Substance Use Disorders
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Souza, Paula Maia de
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-8700
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1069588937187655
Concerns related to mental health have been spread worldwide and computing has demanded efforts in the development of solutions to support therapies for mental disorders. Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) are no longer being treated as an individual health issue, but are also related to public and social health. Patients in recovery from SUDs are end users of therapy support systems and their involvement in the process of creating these computer systems has the potential to increase patients' autonomy and help with adherence to therapy. Studies involving the participation of end users in the construction of therapeutic systems were identified in the literature, however, in these studies, health professionals and patients participate more as information providers. Little is known about this population actively participating in the design of therapeutic solutions, more specifically, digital games with therapeutic potential. Considering this context, the motivation for this doctoral research arose from the intention to formalize a framework that could scale the design and development of digital games with therapeutic potential by people recovering from SUDs. The hypothesis was that delivering a specific design process for this population would increase the autonomy and empowerment of end users (health professionals and patients). Given the motivation to support the design and development of digital games with therapeutic potential for people recovering from SUDs, the objective of this doctoral research was to build a framework that corroborates the design and development activities by this population, providing more autonomy to those end users. In order to achieve this objective, the methodological path included, first, a Systematic Mapping (SM) carried out on computing in support of the therapy of mental disorders. In parallel, a case study was carried out with people recovering from SUDs at a Psychosocial Care Center - Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS-AD). Based on the results of the SM and the case study, it became possible to identify demands for the construction of the framework. To build the framework, the following were defined: i) a design process; ii) a set of rules for creating Conversational Agents (CAs) that can guide the end user in the design process; and iii) a web platform with an embedded CA to support the design process. After completing the development of the framework, a second case study was carried out, at CAPS-AD in another city, to evaluate the framework. The results suggest that the use of the proposed framework aroused more interest, engagement, autonomy, and empowerment of end users in the design of digital games with therapeutic potential. The main contributions of this doctoral thesis are i) State-of-the-art study on computing to support the therapy of mental disorders; ii) Lessons learned from applying a design process by people in recovery from SUDs in a real-life setting; iii) Construction of a framework for the design of digital games with therapeutic potential by people in recovery from SUDs; and iv) Evaluation of the framework with end users in recovery from SUDs.
Comparação entre procedimentos de ensino com e sem recursos naturais para a aprendizagem de estímulos numéricos por crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Andrade, Nicole Tigre
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Domeniconi, Camila
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-3543
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8446182103766589
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may encounter difficulties in acquiring symbolic behaviors, such as the repertoire of written language, oral language and mathematics. Through the model matching procedure (MTS), it is possible to form equivalent classes for individuals with learning difficulties, and the use of playful activities can help in the acquisition of new behaviors. The present study aimed to make a comparison between two teaching procedures, based on pairing with the model: visual auditory discrimination without the use of playful resources (Procedure A) and visual auditory discrimination with playful resources (Procedure B), observing the performance in teaching number and quantity relationships and emerging relationships and the number of escape occurrences. Three children between 3 and 5 years of age started with ASD, participated in the research and in the design used by the multiple surveys. The results showed that all participants formed equivalent classes, with no difference in performance in relation to Procedures A and B for the participants. The difference resulted in the number of occurrences of escape behaviors, being higher in the procedure that did not use playful resources. Therefore, it was possible to observe that the equivalence of stimuli is efficient in teaching numbers and quantities to autistic learners and that through the use of playful resources, an increase in motivation can occur during activities.
A coordenação de curso de licenciatura em matemática: dimensões da função no contexto do IFSP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Cruz, Paulo Henrique Correia Araújo da
;
Gama, Renata Prenstteter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-4345
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8597570292403317
Research developed in the Postgraduate Program, Doctorate in Education, at the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus (UFSCar-So), addresses the role of Coordination of the Mathematics Teaching degree program in the context of the São Paulo Institute of Education, Science, and Technology (IFSP). It is based on the thesis that the Coordination of the Mathematics Teaching program at IFSP is based on three dimensions, namely, Teaching, Management, and Pedagogical, each with their respective specific knowledge related to the work and educational background of the teacher who holds the position. Given the general objective of identifying and understanding the specific knowledge required for the role, which constitute the structuring dimensions of the Coordination of the Mathematics Teaching program at IFSP, the specific objectives are: i) to understand the influences of the teacher's educational background on the exercise of the Coordination of the Course; ii) to identify and analyze the dimensions of the coordination exercise based on the specific knowledge present in the coordinators' reports. In a qualitative and interpretive approach, we collected data from institutional documents, questionnaires (asynchronous), and roundtable discussions (synchronous) with the coordinating professors who held the position between the years 2008-2021, at the thirteen campuses where the program is offered at IFSP. The questionnaire data were categorized, while the roundtable discussion data were organized into three thematic units, adapting the episodes method. After understanding the influences of the educational background and the establishment of specific knowledge, we initially concluded that there is a need for the teaching professional, in the exercise of the role, to reflect on this knowledge, with reference to the aforementioned three dimensions: Teaching, Management, and Pedagogical. Such interference and action on the exercise of the role and, consequently, on how the initial training of future mathematics teachers takes place reflects the recognition of an institutional commitment to the formation of this professional. In short, assuming the Coordination of a Mathematics Teaching degree program at IFSP implies articulating ideas and people, transforming the culture and climate of the program, exercising leadership in an academic community, based on democratic and participatory management, guiding the training of future mathematics teachers and their educators based on their teaching experience. The proposal of a theoretical model, concluding this work, and systematizing the Course Coordination through the triad of the mentioned dimensions, their respective specific knowledge, and their interrelationships with the professional's educational background, aims to support future discussions on normative instruments and the necessary conditions for the professional practice of this role in other programs/institutions, as well as the means and ways to measure the impact that each dimension has on the role, throughout its practice.
Por que medicina e por que UFSCar: uma resposta - relato de experiência no curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Torcia, Valeska Cristina
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Oliveira, Gustavo Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7251529056542414
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-2673
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3544934777821530
In this Final Course Work, we are invited to reflect on our experience as students throughout our medical education at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The UFSCar Medicine program, aligned with National Curriculum Guidelines, emphasizes the formation of generalist, humanistic, and reflective physicians. Established in 2005 through a partnership between UFSCar and the Municipal Government of São Carlos, the program aims to expand the availability of medical residencies and allocate resources for infrastructure and faculty. My academic journey, initiated with a profound desire to contribute to healthcare, has been both enriching and challenging. Personal experiences, including navigating my father's illness, have strengthened my commitment to the profession. In this work, I underscore the significance of spirituality, psychological support, and adaptation to active teaching methodologies for a more fruitful and balanced experience over the six years of training. The program's alignment with Curriculum Guidelines is reflected in the six-year curriculum, placing a strong emphasis on practical experience from the outset. Participation in internships and complementary activities, such as extension projects, has facilitated exposure to diverse medical fields and professionals, contributing to my personal and professional growth. I highlight the Active Teaching Methodology, centered on students' active participation, as a distinctive feature. Overcoming challenges, the experience stands out for its integration of theory and practice, focus on competencies, and commitment to ethical and humanistic principles. In summary, the journey through UFSCar's Medicine program is characterized by an education aligned with the demands of the medical profession, showcasing continual learning and the resilience to overcome challenges.
Avaliação de doses de nitrogênio no desempenho agronômico em experimentos com cultivares comerciais de milho variedade e híbrido em duas condições ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Franciscatte, Walmir
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Afférri, Flávio Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4868650342029685
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-4108
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1723962000518491
Corn is one of the most important cereals produced in the country and its productivity, both of the variety cultivar and the hybrid, are directly proportional to fertilization and water availability. Based on the importance of nitrogen in corn yield, the present work aimed to evaluate nitrogen rates of two commercial cultivars, one variety and the other hybrid, in two production environments, a center pivot irrigation environment with higher soil fertility and the other rainfed environment with lower fertility, close to around 400 meters, located at UFSCar campus Lagoa do Sino, Buri, SP. For this, four experiments were installed, each with a randomized block design, with five nitrogen doses (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg of N ha-1), five replications and one cultivar, in such a way that one variety and one hybrid were tested in each environment, arranged in parallel, in a Red Latosol with clayey texture and flat to gently undulating relief. Due to the distribution of rainfall, it was not necessary to irrigate, and fertility was the differential between the environments. The following parameters were evaluated: ear mass with straw per plant, grain weight per plant, length and diameter of the ear (without straw). Sowing was carried out on November 21, 2022, in a no-tillage system, using 20:10:10 fertilizer at a dose of 300 kg ha-1, incorporated in a continuous fillet. The N rates were applied as topdressing, with the Urea fertilizer manually distributed in two rows, alternately, 23 days after sowing. Through the variations of the results analyzed, according to the low fit to the linear model in most of the attributes studied and, probably, due to the planting fertilization and distribution and intensity of rainfall, it was concluded that the different doses of nitrogen fertilization in topdressing provided little increase in productivity and its components.
Satisfação Profissional das Equipes de Enfermagem atuantes na Sala de Vacina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Lima, Janaína Ferreira de
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Borges, Flávio Adriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2146448542549482
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-4855
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841591065656744
Professional satisfaction has been the subject of investigation and there are factors that influence professional satisfaction and dissatisfaction, associated with individual perceptions. Objective: To analyze the perceptions of health work that generate satisfaction and dissatisfaction in nursing teams working in vaccination rooms. Method: This is a qualitative and descriptive research. Data were collected from nursing teams working in vaccination rooms in eastern São Paulo during the months of March and April 2023. The information obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis, with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos/UFSCar (CEP-UFSCar), under CAAE nº 65069722.5.0000.5504 and opinion nº 5.909.534. Results: 27 nursing professionals participated in this study, the majority of whom were female (92%), married (66%), with experience in the profession ranging from 6 months to 49 years. The experience in the vaccination room ranged from 2 months to 34 years. Two categories emerged from the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD): A and B, being: A) Aspects of Work Routines and B) Aspects of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction at Work. Conclusion: It is possible to explore the aspects of work that generate professional satisfaction and reinforce them in order to remain positive factors. Likewise, it is possible to analyze the factors of dissatisfaction that need to be rethought and improved by management, adopting measures to carry out quality work.
Alfabetização Científica nos Anos Iniciais - um processo de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Fonseca, Patrícia Garbosa de Mello
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Santos Junior, João Batista dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-2242
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2610638697485395
Between 2020 and 2022, public school students were prevented from attending classes as a measure to combat the Covid-19 pandemic. In this scenario, students in the early years of Elementary School failed to develop important skills both in terms of social interaction and issues related to learning. From the year 2022 onwards, schools resumed face-to-face activities and, in an atypical scenario, with children whose school routine was interrupted, teachers had to resort to adjustments to the curriculum and strategies that could favor the learning process with the aim of involving students and reduce the learning gap, due to the distance between the school and the students. Considering this moment experienced in schools, the objective of this research is to analyze the speeches of children in the 1st year of Elementary School, during the application of a didactic sequence that considers Scientific Literacy as a strategy to involve students in an investigation process. The teaching sequence classes were recorded and transcribed. And, in the transcriptions of the children's speeches, the presence of indicators and axes of Scientific Literacy were analyzed, according to Sasseron (2017). As a result, we conclude that there is evidence of Scientific Literacy indicators and axes in the children's statements, during the application of the didactic sequence. Likewise, we noticed evidence of student involvement, learning of concepts and procedures related to science content and greater student availability in the search for solutions to improve life in society. We conclude that, by providing Scientific Literacy opportunities in classes in the early years of elementary school, the teacher, depending on his or her mediation to maintain students' curiosity, has a strategy that facilitates learning about scientific concepts, capable of promoting among students a posture of seeking knowledge that could interfere in your decisions as a citizen.
O Pnaic e as práticas pedagógicas de professoras alfabetizadoras: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Barcella, Rosana Aparecida Motta
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Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6589-4493
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0624191122302340
This research conducted a bibliographic survey of Brazilian dissertations between 2018 and 2022 on the contributions and challenges of the National Pact for Literacy at the Right Age (PNAIC) to the continued education of early years literacy teachers. The PNAIC was characterized as a commitment between the Union, municipalities, states, and public universities to offer continued education to teachers, meeting goal five of the National Education Plan (PNE) to literacy all children by the end of the third year of elementary school. The research included theoretical contributions from researchers such as Soares, Mortatti, Kleiman, Santos, Mendonça, and Albuquerque. The BDTD and CAPES databases were used, with the descriptor "PNAIC AND TEACHERS". The results indicated significant contributions of the PNAIC to literacy practices, such as alignment with the BNCC, online accessibility, integration between theory and practice, emphasis on literacy, and exchange of experiences among teachers, resulting in improvements in pedagogical practices and educational outcomes. Limitations included difficulties in understanding textual genres, use of inadequate approaches, lack of alignment with guidelines, persistence of traditional methods, excessive reliance on IDEB in evaluation, need for more comprehensive indicators, lack of material exploration, inefficiency in motivation, superficial approach to topics, and administration and resource problems. It was concluded that it is essential to continuously review and adapt educational policies and continued education programs, such as the PNAIC, to improve teaching practices and meet regional diversity.
Movimentos (auto)biográficos: contribuições de uma pesquisa-vida-formação em contexto pandêmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Meletti, Claudia Maria Duran
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Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-459X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2055703981914239
Tomando el año 2020, el primer año de la pandemia de COVID-19, como contexto, esta investigación analiza el conjunto de narrativas (auto)biográficas de tres docentes y tres administradores escolares de educación básica, participantes en la Actividad Curricular Integradora Enseñanza Investigación Extensión (ACIEPE) 'Reflexionando sobre Narrativas Educativas, Formación y Trabajo Docente con Profesionales de la Educación en el Contexto de COVID-19', propuesta por el Programa de Posgrado en Educación de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos en colaboración con la Universidad Federal de Ouro Preto, de mayo a julio de 2020. El estudio tiene como objetivo destacar las relaciones presentes en sus narrativas y comprender cómo, a través de la escritura, los participantes resignifican las experiencias vividas en el contexto pandémico y cómo las sitúan en su historia. Dividida en cuatro movimientos de escritura que transitan entre procesos de autoformación y formación docente, la investigación se sitúa en el campo del conocimiento de la investigación (auto)biográfica, bajo la perspectiva epistemopolítica, posdisciplinaria y decolonial de la investigación propuesta por Passeggi y Souza. Considerando el paradigma biográfico como supuesto teórico, el Primer Movimiento discute la autoformación a partir de la actividad (auto)biográfica de la investigadora en diálogo con los escritos de Santos y Dunker (2020), autores que reflexionaron y escribieron sobre el escenario pandémico, y con la hermenéutica del sí mismo propuesta por Ricœur. El Segundo Movimiento discute la formación docente a partir de la experiencia vivida en ACIEPE, y contextualiza el significado del término investigación-vida-formación, adoptado durante la pandemia de COVID-19 por el Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones sobre Narrativas, Formación y Trabajo Docente (NEPEN) de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos - Campus Sorocaba. En el tejido de esta escritura, son protagonistas los escritos de Pineau; Josso, Delory-Momberger; Passeggi; Brito y Nakayama, entre otros autores, así como los estudios de Breton, desde la perspectiva de construir una epistemología narrativa, y de Souza, desde una perspectiva comprensiva-interpretativa, referencias teórico-metodológicas para el análisis propuesto. El Tercer Movimiento recorre el camino del análisis, propuesto en tres tiempos de lectura-escritura que revelan el perfil biográfico, los modos de existir y resistir en el escenario pandémico, y las subjetividades que emergen del texto de cada participante. Los hallazgos, ubicados en un diálogo cruzado, discuten las dinámicas que permiten comprender dos aspectos relacionados con el contenido de la experiencia: la construcción de la trama, considerando la predominancia entre la dimensión episódica y la dimensión de configuración, y los procesos inferenciales, considerando la predominancia de dinámicas de deducción/inducción o de transducción/abducción. A través de la lectura-escucha del conjunto de narrativas de los participantes en ACIEPE, se observó que, para que la reflexividad biográfica se convierta en historia vivida, reflexionada y narrada, es necesario configurarla a través del lenguaje y reconfigurarla a través de la autolectura, en un movimiento hermenéutico y epistémico que resulta ser (auto)transformador. El Cuarto Movimiento rescata el compromiso epistemopolítico de la investigadora en diálogo con Morin y Freire y enuncia una perspectiva de autoformación y formación docente fundamentada en una epistemología narrativa que, en espacios/tiempos de investigación-vida-formación, fortalece una praxis encarnada en la vida y humanizada por la solidaridad y la pertenencia a una comunidad planetaria.
Análise sobre o fator temporal em tarefas de quantificação com dados textuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Ueno, Caio Luiggy Riyoichi Sawada
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Silva, Diego Furtado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7662777934692986
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9717643867450173
The quantification task, a recently discovered field in machine learning, estimates the class distribution of a dataset. Usually, quantification tasks are solved through classifica- tion, an inducted classifier predicts each instance on the set and then counts how many were labeled for each class - this approach is also known as Classify and Count. However, the Classify and Count approach shows poor results as soon as the class distribution of the test set differs from the class distribution of the training set. Thus, specific algorithms and models have been proposed to solve quantification problems accurately. It is really common to analyze big data through time. In text domains, as the Twitter platform, which have a large set of unstructured data being generate at every instant, it is challenging to extract useful and summarized information at the same time. Besides, text domains show specific characteristics that increase the complexity of how those infor- mation are extracted. A popular analysis is to discovery trending topics or how people’s opinion about a specific topic. To do this, it is possible to use quantification methods to categorize and consequently summarize a massive number of texts. The proposal of this work is to make an analysis about textual quantification pro- blems distributed over time. More precisely, this work intent to evaluate how time affects the perfomance of quantification models. Three different approaches were evaluated to understand the impact of time: training only once the quantification model; update the model periodically, thus decreasing its time lag; and a forecasting approach, using regres- sion models. This research presents some intereseting conclusions which show that there are some peculiarities in these evaluated datasets and that state-of-the-art models may not present the best performances as expected.