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A leitura como prática emancipatória nos romances austenianos: Mansfield Park (1814) e Northanger Abbey (1818)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Caporale, Camila Cano
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Ferreira, Carla Alexandra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5522506928191940
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-5766
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6099331622162088
Jane Austen is the author of novels in which have great prestige in the literary scene, mainly because she highlights aspects of English society to which she was linked. Among the most studied aspects, we mention the issue of women and marriage and irony. We, however, see and intend to investigate more deeply in this doctoral thesis a third major source for the recognition of social issues which were present in his time, namely, the issue of reading as a relevant and emancipatory practice for his reading characters. There will be two novels, with which we will seek to develop our work proposal: Mansfield Park (1814), Northanger Abbey, with the publication of the later dated in (1818). Both novels were the last of his career, considered fundamental in terms of analysis and questions about reading as a source of emancipation for the protagonist readers in the novels highlighted above. In both texts, literary analysis will be subordinated to the so-called three-horizon reading proposed by Fredric Jameson, (1992), considering political and social aspects present within the texts and the themes mentioned above.
Efeito residual de herbicidas em soja, amendoim e crotalária e sua toxicidade em organismos não-alvo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Schedenffeldt, Bruna Ferrari
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Monquero, Patricia Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2766526793830455
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-1861
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0040986288381186
The use of herbicides, especially those with long persistence, can impact the productivity of agricultural crops and terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of different doses of the herbicides indaziflam, sulfentrazone, and clomazone on the growth and development of Crotalaria juncea L., Arachis hypogaea L., and Glycine max (L.) Merr. The acute, chronic, and avoidance effects on Eisenia andrei (Bouché) and acute toxicity on the macrophyte Lemna minor were also assessed. The experiment was divided into two parts, with the first part conducted in a greenhouse following a completely randomized design (CRD) for each crop (soybean, sunn hemp, and peanut) and herbicides (indaziflam, sulfentrazone, and clomazone) in a 6 x 5 factorial arrangement, with five replications, the first factor consisted of 6 different doses (0, 1/8D, 1/4D, 1/2D, 1D, and 2D) of herbicides, where "D" represents the commercially recommended dose for sugarcane cultivation. The second factor comprised 5 sowing periods (0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 days after application - DAA) for the crops. Plants were evaluated for phytotoxicity, height, leaf area, and dry aboveground biomass at 56 days after seeding. The acute assay with E. andrei followed a completely randomized design (CRD) encompassing six concentrations (0.0; 10.0; 100.0; 500.0 and 1,000.0 mg a.i. kg-1 soil) for each herbicide, with five replicates. The avoidance test followed a CRD with five sublethal concentrations. For clomazone and indaziflam, concentrations were 1.0; 10.0; 50.0; 75.0 and 100.0 mg a.i. kg-1, while for sulfentrazone, concentrations were 1.0; 10.0; 25.0; 50.0 and 75.0 mg a.i. kg-1, also with five replicates. The chronic assay adopted the same guidelines as the acute assay, with adults kept for 28 days, followed by collection and counting of juveniles and eggs at 56 days. The herbicide doses were clomazone 1.0; 10.0; 25.0; 50.0 and 75.0 mg a.i. kg-1, sulfentrazone 1.0; 10.0; 100.0; 500.0 and 750.0 mg a.i. kg-1, and indaziflam 1.0; 10.0; 50.0; 75.0 and 100.0 mg a.i. kg-1. The assays with L. minor involved exposing the macrophytes for 7 days to analyze the effect of clomazone and sulfentrazone at concentrations of 0.10; 1.07; 3.44; 11.16; 36.40 and 118,0 mg L-1, and for indaziflam at concentrations of 0.03; 0.06; 0.09; 0.12; 0.15 and 0.18 mg L-1, for a period of 7 days. It was observed that C. juncea plants were extremely sensitive to the herbicide indaziflam, regardless of dose or seeding period, showing reductions in all analyzed parameters. In contrast, the phytotoxicity of sulfentrazone and clomazone decreased from 20 DAA at all doses used. A. hypogaea was highly sensitive to the herbicides indaziflam and sulfentrazone, especially at higher doses, regardless of seeding period, with reductions in all analyzed parameters. G. max was also extremely sensitive to indaziflam, with no significant influence of dose or seeding period on all analyzed parameters. The same occurred with the application of sulfentrazone at 0 and 10 DAA at doses of 600.0 and 1,200.0 g a.i. ha-1. In the acute toxicity analysis, the herbicides clomazone and sulfentrazone were moderately toxic (LC50 = 10-1,000 mg kg-1 soil) to earthworms of the species E. andrei, corresponding to an LC50 of 184.12 mg a.i. kg-1 and 1,000 mg a.i. kg-1, respectively. It was not possible to estimate the lethal dose for the herbicide indaziflam. In the avoidance behavior analysis, the herbicide sulfentrazone induced avoidance by E. andrei from the minimum tested concentration, while clomazone and indaziflam induced avoidance at concentrations of 50.0 and 75.0 mg a.i. kg-1 and 75.0 and 100.0 mg a.i. kg-1, respectively. Chronic exposure of earthworms impacted reproduction, with clomazone having an EC50 of 0.572 mg kg-1. Sulfentrazone had an EC50 of 0.3941 mg kg-1. It is noteworthy that all herbicides, including indaziflam, had an EC10 of 1.0 mg kg-1. Finally, the herbicides showed moderate toxicity to the aquatic plant L. minor, resulting in significant reductions in fresh biomass, even at lower concentrations.
VALE: uma análise de indicadores de financeirização e seus impactos de gestão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Mesquita, Filipe Valadares
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-2547
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0509658939975492
The term financialization presents different concepts to characterize a series of empirical phenomena at different levels of analysis and one of the approaches identified corresponds to the examination of financialization from a critical approach to maximizing shareholder value. In this scenario, financialization appears as a process in which financial markets and services become more relevant than the real economy, discouraging productive investment and promoting rent-seeking behavior, thus increasing the influence of the banking-financial sector with regard to driving of economic policy. The main impacts are the increase in economic instability, the increased focus on adding value for shareholders, the emergence of institutional investors, the transfer of income from the real sector to the financial sector, the increase in inequality and wage stagnation. Although the process is typical of more developed economies, authors have argued that the financialization process is deepening in Brazil. Therefore, the present study proposes as a research question to identify, through financialization indicators, how this phenomenon has affected the management model at the VALE company. To this end, a case study was conducted collecting secondary data from the company VALE, through its reference forms published over a 10-year period, from 2010 to 2019, seeking to analyze the data found and compare them with financialization indicators found in the literature that provided the theoretical basis for the development of the analysis categories. The results found indicate that VALE is in fact a highly financialized company, especially when we take into account the dynamics adopted to maximize shareholder values.
A framework for the design of digital games with therapeutic potential by people in recovery from Substance Use Disorders
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Souza, Paula Maia de
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4059-8700
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1069588937187655
Concerns related to mental health have been spread worldwide and computing has demanded efforts in the development of solutions to support therapies for mental disorders. Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) are no longer being treated as an individual health issue, but are also related to public and social health. Patients in recovery from SUDs are end users of therapy support systems and their involvement in the process of creating these computer systems has the potential to increase patients' autonomy and help with adherence to therapy. Studies involving the participation of end users in the construction of therapeutic systems were identified in the literature, however, in these studies, health professionals and patients participate more as information providers. Little is known about this population actively participating in the design of therapeutic solutions, more specifically, digital games with therapeutic potential. Considering this context, the motivation for this doctoral research arose from the intention to formalize a framework that could scale the design and development of digital games with therapeutic potential by people recovering from SUDs. The hypothesis was that delivering a specific design process for this population would increase the autonomy and empowerment of end users (health professionals and patients). Given the motivation to support the design and development of digital games with therapeutic potential for people recovering from SUDs, the objective of this doctoral research was to build a framework that corroborates the design and development activities by this population, providing more autonomy to those end users. In order to achieve this objective, the methodological path included, first, a Systematic Mapping (SM) carried out on computing in support of the therapy of mental disorders. In parallel, a case study was carried out with people recovering from SUDs at a Psychosocial Care Center - Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS-AD). Based on the results of the SM and the case study, it became possible to identify demands for the construction of the framework. To build the framework, the following were defined: i) a design process; ii) a set of rules for creating Conversational Agents (CAs) that can guide the end user in the design process; and iii) a web platform with an embedded CA to support the design process. After completing the development of the framework, a second case study was carried out, at CAPS-AD in another city, to evaluate the framework. The results suggest that the use of the proposed framework aroused more interest, engagement, autonomy, and empowerment of end users in the design of digital games with therapeutic potential. The main contributions of this doctoral thesis are i) State-of-the-art study on computing to support the therapy of mental disorders; ii) Lessons learned from applying a design process by people in recovery from SUDs in a real-life setting; iii) Construction of a framework for the design of digital games with therapeutic potential by people in recovery from SUDs; and iv) Evaluation of the framework with end users in recovery from SUDs.
Comparação entre procedimentos de ensino com e sem recursos naturais para a aprendizagem de estímulos numéricos por crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-11)
Andrade, Nicole Tigre
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-3543
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8446182103766589
Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may encounter difficulties in acquiring symbolic behaviors, such as the repertoire of written language, oral language and mathematics. Through the model matching procedure (MTS), it is possible to form equivalent classes for individuals with learning difficulties, and the use of playful activities can help in the acquisition of new behaviors. The present study aimed to make a comparison between two teaching procedures, based on pairing with the model: visual auditory discrimination without the use of playful resources (Procedure A) and visual auditory discrimination with playful resources (Procedure B), observing the performance in teaching number and quantity relationships and emerging relationships and the number of escape occurrences. Three children between 3 and 5 years of age started with ASD, participated in the research and in the design used by the multiple surveys. The results showed that all participants formed equivalent classes, with no difference in performance in relation to Procedures A and B for the participants. The difference resulted in the number of occurrences of escape behaviors, being higher in the procedure that did not use playful resources. Therefore, it was possible to observe that the equivalence of stimuli is efficient in teaching numbers and quantities to autistic learners and that through the use of playful resources, an increase in motivation can occur during activities.
A coordenação de curso de licenciatura em matemática: dimensões da função no contexto do IFSP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Cruz, Paulo Henrique Correia Araújo da
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Gama, Renata Prenstteter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153572041829838
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-4345
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8597570292403317
Research developed in the Postgraduate Program, Doctorate in Education, at the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus (UFSCar-So), addresses the role of Coordination of the Mathematics Teaching degree program in the context of the São Paulo Institute of Education, Science, and Technology (IFSP). It is based on the thesis that the Coordination of the Mathematics Teaching program at IFSP is based on three dimensions, namely, Teaching, Management, and Pedagogical, each with their respective specific knowledge related to the work and educational background of the teacher who holds the position. Given the general objective of identifying and understanding the specific knowledge required for the role, which constitute the structuring dimensions of the Coordination of the Mathematics Teaching program at IFSP, the specific objectives are: i) to understand the influences of the teacher's educational background on the exercise of the Coordination of the Course; ii) to identify and analyze the dimensions of the coordination exercise based on the specific knowledge present in the coordinators' reports. In a qualitative and interpretive approach, we collected data from institutional documents, questionnaires (asynchronous), and roundtable discussions (synchronous) with the coordinating professors who held the position between the years 2008-2021, at the thirteen campuses where the program is offered at IFSP. The questionnaire data were categorized, while the roundtable discussion data were organized into three thematic units, adapting the episodes method. After understanding the influences of the educational background and the establishment of specific knowledge, we initially concluded that there is a need for the teaching professional, in the exercise of the role, to reflect on this knowledge, with reference to the aforementioned three dimensions: Teaching, Management, and Pedagogical. Such interference and action on the exercise of the role and, consequently, on how the initial training of future mathematics teachers takes place reflects the recognition of an institutional commitment to the formation of this professional. In short, assuming the Coordination of a Mathematics Teaching degree program at IFSP implies articulating ideas and people, transforming the culture and climate of the program, exercising leadership in an academic community, based on democratic and participatory management, guiding the training of future mathematics teachers and their educators based on their teaching experience. The proposal of a theoretical model, concluding this work, and systematizing the Course Coordination through the triad of the mentioned dimensions, their respective specific knowledge, and their interrelationships with the professional's educational background, aims to support future discussions on normative instruments and the necessary conditions for the professional practice of this role in other programs/institutions, as well as the means and ways to measure the impact that each dimension has on the role, throughout its practice.
Por que medicina e por que UFSCar: uma resposta - relato de experiência no curso de medicina da Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Torcia, Valeska Cristina
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Oliveira, Gustavo Nunes de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7251529056542414
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2148-2673
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3544934777821530
In this Final Course Work, we are invited to reflect on our experience as students throughout our medical education at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The UFSCar Medicine program, aligned with National Curriculum Guidelines, emphasizes the formation of generalist, humanistic, and reflective physicians. Established in 2005 through a partnership between UFSCar and the Municipal Government of São Carlos, the program aims to expand the availability of medical residencies and allocate resources for infrastructure and faculty. My academic journey, initiated with a profound desire to contribute to healthcare, has been both enriching and challenging. Personal experiences, including navigating my father's illness, have strengthened my commitment to the profession. In this work, I underscore the significance of spirituality, psychological support, and adaptation to active teaching methodologies for a more fruitful and balanced experience over the six years of training. The program's alignment with Curriculum Guidelines is reflected in the six-year curriculum, placing a strong emphasis on practical experience from the outset. Participation in internships and complementary activities, such as extension projects, has facilitated exposure to diverse medical fields and professionals, contributing to my personal and professional growth. I highlight the Active Teaching Methodology, centered on students' active participation, as a distinctive feature. Overcoming challenges, the experience stands out for its integration of theory and practice, focus on competencies, and commitment to ethical and humanistic principles. In summary, the journey through UFSCar's Medicine program is characterized by an education aligned with the demands of the medical profession, showcasing continual learning and the resilience to overcome challenges.
Avaliação de doses de nitrogênio no desempenho agronômico em experimentos com cultivares comerciais de milho variedade e híbrido em duas condições ambientais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Franciscatte, Walmir
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Afférri, Flávio Sérgio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4868650342029685
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0819-4108
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1723962000518491
Corn is one of the most important cereals produced in the country and its productivity, both of the variety cultivar and the hybrid, are directly proportional to fertilization and water availability. Based on the importance of nitrogen in corn yield, the present work aimed to evaluate nitrogen rates of two commercial cultivars, one variety and the other hybrid, in two production environments, a center pivot irrigation environment with higher soil fertility and the other rainfed environment with lower fertility, close to around 400 meters, located at UFSCar campus Lagoa do Sino, Buri, SP. For this, four experiments were installed, each with a randomized block design, with five nitrogen doses (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg of N ha-1), five replications and one cultivar, in such a way that one variety and one hybrid were tested in each environment, arranged in parallel, in a Red Latosol with clayey texture and flat to gently undulating relief. Due to the distribution of rainfall, it was not necessary to irrigate, and fertility was the differential between the environments. The following parameters were evaluated: ear mass with straw per plant, grain weight per plant, length and diameter of the ear (without straw). Sowing was carried out on November 21, 2022, in a no-tillage system, using 20:10:10 fertilizer at a dose of 300 kg ha-1, incorporated in a continuous fillet. The N rates were applied as topdressing, with the Urea fertilizer manually distributed in two rows, alternately, 23 days after sowing. Through the variations of the results analyzed, according to the low fit to the linear model in most of the attributes studied and, probably, due to the planting fertilization and distribution and intensity of rainfall, it was concluded that the different doses of nitrogen fertilization in topdressing provided little increase in productivity and its components.
Satisfação Profissional das Equipes de Enfermagem atuantes na Sala de Vacina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Lima, Janaína Ferreira de
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Borges, Flávio Adriano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2146448542549482
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5941-4855
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5841591065656744
Professional satisfaction has been the subject of investigation and there are factors that influence professional satisfaction and dissatisfaction, associated with individual perceptions. Objective: To analyze the perceptions of health work that generate satisfaction and dissatisfaction in nursing teams working in vaccination rooms. Method: This is a qualitative and descriptive research. Data were collected from nursing teams working in vaccination rooms in eastern São Paulo during the months of March and April 2023. The information obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis, with the help of the IRAMUTEQ software. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of São Carlos/UFSCar (CEP-UFSCar), under CAAE nº 65069722.5.0000.5504 and opinion nº 5.909.534. Results: 27 nursing professionals participated in this study, the majority of whom were female (92%), married (66%), with experience in the profession ranging from 6 months to 49 years. The experience in the vaccination room ranged from 2 months to 34 years. Two categories emerged from the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD): A and B, being: A) Aspects of Work Routines and B) Aspects of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction at Work. Conclusion: It is possible to explore the aspects of work that generate professional satisfaction and reinforce them in order to remain positive factors. Likewise, it is possible to analyze the factors of dissatisfaction that need to be rethought and improved by management, adopting measures to carry out quality work.
Alfabetização Científica nos Anos Iniciais - um processo de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-12)
Fonseca, Patrícia Garbosa de Mello
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Santos Junior, João Batista dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5615071332323472
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1952-2242
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2610638697485395
Between 2020 and 2022, public school students were prevented from attending classes as a measure to combat the Covid-19 pandemic. In this scenario, students in the early years of Elementary School failed to develop important skills both in terms of social interaction and issues related to learning. From the year 2022 onwards, schools resumed face-to-face activities and, in an atypical scenario, with children whose school routine was interrupted, teachers had to resort to adjustments to the curriculum and strategies that could favor the learning process with the aim of involving students and reduce the learning gap, due to the distance between the school and the students. Considering this moment experienced in schools, the objective of this research is to analyze the speeches of children in the 1st year of Elementary School, during the application of a didactic sequence that considers Scientific Literacy as a strategy to involve students in an investigation process. The teaching sequence classes were recorded and transcribed. And, in the transcriptions of the children's speeches, the presence of indicators and axes of Scientific Literacy were analyzed, according to Sasseron (2017). As a result, we conclude that there is evidence of Scientific Literacy indicators and axes in the children's statements, during the application of the didactic sequence. Likewise, we noticed evidence of student involvement, learning of concepts and procedures related to science content and greater student availability in the search for solutions to improve life in society. We conclude that, by providing Scientific Literacy opportunities in classes in the early years of elementary school, the teacher, depending on his or her mediation to maintain students' curiosity, has a strategy that facilitates learning about scientific concepts, capable of promoting among students a posture of seeking knowledge that could interfere in your decisions as a citizen.
O Pnaic e as práticas pedagógicas de professoras alfabetizadoras: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Barcella, Rosana Aparecida Motta
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Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6589-4493
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0624191122302340
This research conducted a bibliographic survey of Brazilian dissertations between 2018 and 2022 on the contributions and challenges of the National Pact for Literacy at the Right Age (PNAIC) to the continued education of early years literacy teachers. The PNAIC was characterized as a commitment between the Union, municipalities, states, and public universities to offer continued education to teachers, meeting goal five of the National Education Plan (PNE) to literacy all children by the end of the third year of elementary school. The research included theoretical contributions from researchers such as Soares, Mortatti, Kleiman, Santos, Mendonça, and Albuquerque. The BDTD and CAPES databases were used, with the descriptor "PNAIC AND TEACHERS". The results indicated significant contributions of the PNAIC to literacy practices, such as alignment with the BNCC, online accessibility, integration between theory and practice, emphasis on literacy, and exchange of experiences among teachers, resulting in improvements in pedagogical practices and educational outcomes. Limitations included difficulties in understanding textual genres, use of inadequate approaches, lack of alignment with guidelines, persistence of traditional methods, excessive reliance on IDEB in evaluation, need for more comprehensive indicators, lack of material exploration, inefficiency in motivation, superficial approach to topics, and administration and resource problems. It was concluded that it is essential to continuously review and adapt educational policies and continued education programs, such as the PNAIC, to improve teaching practices and meet regional diversity.
Movimentos (auto)biográficos: contribuições de uma pesquisa-vida-formação em contexto pandêmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Meletti, Claudia Maria Duran
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Nakayama, Bárbara Cristina Moreira Sicardi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746628149674449
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5097-459X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2055703981914239
Tomando el año 2020, el primer año de la pandemia de COVID-19, como contexto, esta investigación analiza el conjunto de narrativas (auto)biográficas de tres docentes y tres administradores escolares de educación básica, participantes en la Actividad Curricular Integradora Enseñanza Investigación Extensión (ACIEPE) 'Reflexionando sobre Narrativas Educativas, Formación y Trabajo Docente con Profesionales de la Educación en el Contexto de COVID-19', propuesta por el Programa de Posgrado en Educación de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos en colaboración con la Universidad Federal de Ouro Preto, de mayo a julio de 2020. El estudio tiene como objetivo destacar las relaciones presentes en sus narrativas y comprender cómo, a través de la escritura, los participantes resignifican las experiencias vividas en el contexto pandémico y cómo las sitúan en su historia. Dividida en cuatro movimientos de escritura que transitan entre procesos de autoformación y formación docente, la investigación se sitúa en el campo del conocimiento de la investigación (auto)biográfica, bajo la perspectiva epistemopolítica, posdisciplinaria y decolonial de la investigación propuesta por Passeggi y Souza. Considerando el paradigma biográfico como supuesto teórico, el Primer Movimiento discute la autoformación a partir de la actividad (auto)biográfica de la investigadora en diálogo con los escritos de Santos y Dunker (2020), autores que reflexionaron y escribieron sobre el escenario pandémico, y con la hermenéutica del sí mismo propuesta por Ricœur. El Segundo Movimiento discute la formación docente a partir de la experiencia vivida en ACIEPE, y contextualiza el significado del término investigación-vida-formación, adoptado durante la pandemia de COVID-19 por el Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones sobre Narrativas, Formación y Trabajo Docente (NEPEN) de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos - Campus Sorocaba. En el tejido de esta escritura, son protagonistas los escritos de Pineau; Josso, Delory-Momberger; Passeggi; Brito y Nakayama, entre otros autores, así como los estudios de Breton, desde la perspectiva de construir una epistemología narrativa, y de Souza, desde una perspectiva comprensiva-interpretativa, referencias teórico-metodológicas para el análisis propuesto. El Tercer Movimiento recorre el camino del análisis, propuesto en tres tiempos de lectura-escritura que revelan el perfil biográfico, los modos de existir y resistir en el escenario pandémico, y las subjetividades que emergen del texto de cada participante. Los hallazgos, ubicados en un diálogo cruzado, discuten las dinámicas que permiten comprender dos aspectos relacionados con el contenido de la experiencia: la construcción de la trama, considerando la predominancia entre la dimensión episódica y la dimensión de configuración, y los procesos inferenciales, considerando la predominancia de dinámicas de deducción/inducción o de transducción/abducción. A través de la lectura-escucha del conjunto de narrativas de los participantes en ACIEPE, se observó que, para que la reflexividad biográfica se convierta en historia vivida, reflexionada y narrada, es necesario configurarla a través del lenguaje y reconfigurarla a través de la autolectura, en un movimiento hermenéutico y epistémico que resulta ser (auto)transformador. El Cuarto Movimiento rescata el compromiso epistemopolítico de la investigadora en diálogo con Morin y Freire y enuncia una perspectiva de autoformación y formación docente fundamentada en una epistemología narrativa que, en espacios/tiempos de investigación-vida-formación, fortalece una praxis encarnada en la vida y humanizada por la solidaridad y la pertenencia a una comunidad planetaria.
Análise sobre o fator temporal em tarefas de quantificação com dados textuais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Ueno, Caio Luiggy Riyoichi Sawada
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Silva, Diego Furtado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7662777934692986
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9717643867450173
The quantification task, a recently discovered field in machine learning, estimates the class distribution of a dataset. Usually, quantification tasks are solved through classifica- tion, an inducted classifier predicts each instance on the set and then counts how many were labeled for each class - this approach is also known as Classify and Count. However, the Classify and Count approach shows poor results as soon as the class distribution of the test set differs from the class distribution of the training set. Thus, specific algorithms and models have been proposed to solve quantification problems accurately. It is really common to analyze big data through time. In text domains, as the Twitter platform, which have a large set of unstructured data being generate at every instant, it is challenging to extract useful and summarized information at the same time. Besides, text domains show specific characteristics that increase the complexity of how those infor- mation are extracted. A popular analysis is to discovery trending topics or how people’s opinion about a specific topic. To do this, it is possible to use quantification methods to categorize and consequently summarize a massive number of texts. The proposal of this work is to make an analysis about textual quantification pro- blems distributed over time. More precisely, this work intent to evaluate how time affects the perfomance of quantification models. Three different approaches were evaluated to understand the impact of time: training only once the quantification model; update the model periodically, thus decreasing its time lag; and a forecasting approach, using regres- sion models. This research presents some intereseting conclusions which show that there are some peculiarities in these evaluated datasets and that state-of-the-art models may not present the best performances as expected.
Modelagem de predição de crimes na região metropolitana de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Zhao, Wellington Yunahe
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Novelli, Cibele Maria Russo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1011098065426388
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1356-0245
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9930819211104088
The issue of public security is a challenge for Brazilian society, and crime is a major concern for the most populous state in the country, São Paulo. It is always desirable for the public administration to model and predict criminal trends, taking into account historical dates and the georeferencing of each municipality, meaning latitude and longitude. In this context, the use of spatiotemporal models to explain the relationship between predictors and crimes, as well as considering location, can be of great importance. One possible model is Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) modeling, which takes into account covariates and implicit spatial dependencies. In this work, based on the number of crimes, SAR modeling is used to describe and model the cities in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, including the annual seasonality observed in the data. To visualize the data and develop modeling with the spatial neighborhood matrix, R packages such as spatialreg are used. The Lasso method is used to pre-select variables with greater significance, such as the number of inhabitants per household, the dropout rate, and the public elementary school dropout rate in the early years. Then, the SAR model is applied to include spatial information and enhance crime modeling. In general, this work focuses on developing spatiotemporal modeling for crimes in the state of São Paulo, identifying predictor variables that influence the quantity of crimes in a given municipality. In addition to the SAR model, artificial neural networks, such as multilayer models and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), are also used in the research, and compared with the SAR model. The goal of this dissertation is to develop predictive modeling considering spatiotemporal data for crimes in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, using predictor variables that influence the occurrence and quantity of crimes in a particular municipality. It is expected that the obtained results are useful for decision making by public administration, since the work creates a method to analyze crime patterns in a specific municipality, and also helps the city improve security issues through various social factors.
Avaliação da resistência de variedades de milho a Dalbulus maidis (Delong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Souza, Ruana Regina Negrão de Souza
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Marques, Rodrigo Neves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8945237946471247
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1003-3706
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5972342933616556
The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (Delong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is an important pest in corn crops, capable to cause direct damage through its feeding, and dissemination of three important phytopathogens to corn plants: Maize Bushy Stunt Phytoplasma (MBSP), Spiroplasma kunkelii and Maize Rayado Fino Virus (MRFV). The use of insect-resistant plants is a sustainable and strategically efficient control method for controlling pests and diseases. The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance of different varieties of creole corn to Dalbulus maidis. The attractiveness of corn plants to D. maidis for food and/or shelter and the preference for oviposition with and without choice was verified. The antibiosis tests verified the effects on the development of the stages of D. maidis in the different varieties, based on the parameters: nymphal period, period from egg to adult, nymphal mortality and insect longevity. The damage caused by D. maidis to corn plants was verified, as well as the responses of corn varieties to MBSP infection. The “IAC AIRAN” and “Amarelo Astecão” varieties presented the highest averages of adult preference compared to “Pipoca Roxo Kika”, which was the least preferred. D. maidis females, in the no-choice test, oviposited more in the “Al Bandeirante” variety compared to “Amarelo Astecão”, which had the lowest average number of eggs. For oviposition tests with a chance of choice, there was no statistically significant difference. In the antibiosis tests, the insects fed on “NS 90 PRO 2” presented the longest nymphal period and the insects in “Pipoca Roxo Kika”, the longest period of development, compared to the insects in “Branco Pedro 2”. The insects in “Amarelo Laleska”, “Amarelo Astecão”, “NS 90 PRO 2”, “Pipoca Roxo Kika” and “Vermelho Pedro” showed the lowest longevity compared to insects from “Al Bandeirante”. In the tolerance test, the percentage growth data and visual scale of damage did not show a statistically significant difference. In tests on plant response to phytoplasma infection, it was shown that 100% of “Pipoca Roxo Kika” plants died, 60% of “Al Bandeirante”, “Amarelo Laleska”, “Branco Pedro 2” and “NS 90 PRO 2” plants did not show any apparent symptoms, 20% showed mild symptoms of yellowing and/or reddening and tillering and the other 20% died. Regarding plant heights, the averages did not show statistically significant differences. After applying a multivariate statistical test, a dendrogram was obtained that indicated the formation of two main groups, which can be characterized as the groups of susceptible varieties and resistant varieties. Therefore, the results of this research may have found sources of resistance in corn plants, which can help control D. maidis, as some varieties stood out for presenting characteristics that directly interfere with the reproduction and development of the insect pest, which can contribute to the choice of materials to be cultivated in the field, in addition to guiding corn genetic improvement programs for plant resistance to insects.
Educação em Foco: entrevista Petronilha B. G. e Silva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-13)
Santos, Tarlei de Lima
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
;
Burini, Débora
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3581804746301862
Considering the implementation of Affirm Actions - such as the reservation of job vacancies for blacks in higher education -, the relatively recent public policies and, therefore, the natural production opposition of conservatives and reactionaries in society, this aims at a podcasting that seeks to promote the society Young people from the lower classes recognize and use their rights to reserve places in universities. Therefore, the objective of this work is to contribute to the social recognition of the legality of affirmative actions to reserve vacancies. In order to do so, we interviewed a researcher of recognized authority on the subject: Petronilha B. G. e Silva - former counselor of the Higher Education Education Chamber of the National Council of Education and rapporteur of the Opinion CNC/CP 3/2004 that establishes the National Guidelines for the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations and for the Teaching of Afro Brazilian and African History and Culture. As for the method, we chose the oral genres: scientific interview and life experience report; we opted for the narrative structure understood as deductive. Thus, considering that the burden of argument is on those who intend to establish policies of action, the interview was prepared in order to obtain an exposition of the argument, later an account of the historical process of formation of Brazilian society and, finally, the back to the initial argument.
Soluções de equações do 1º grau com duas variáveis, num contexto geométrico, com o auxílio do software Geogebra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-14)
Amadeu, Marcelo Bonfante
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Sampaio, João Carlos Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8286887389013685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8874317149806435
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https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1960-6507
This work aims to carry out the study of the 1st degree equations with two variables, by using not only the algebraic context but also the understanding of the same in the geometric context, being this proposal developed by students of the 8th year of fundamental school, who will carry out seven activities, namely: 1st degree equations with two variables; Ordered pairs and their location in the Cartesian plane; Results of a 1st degree equation with two variables in the Cartesian plane; Solutions of a 1st degree equation with two variables; Systems of two linear equations with two unknowns; Problems with systems of 1st degree equations and Analysis of the different graphic resolutions of a system. The objective is to make the students understand the relationship of the algebraic expressions presented by interpreting the results obtained from them geometrically, so that they can improve the learning process, overcome their difficulties, be prepared and can achieve a better use in future situations involving the topic at hand. It is worth highlighting the use of the GeoGebra software by the students during most of the proposed activities. At times, 2nd degree algebraic expressions are presented with the intention that, when confronted with 1st degree algebraic expressions, they can perceive, when using the GeoGebra software, which graphic results are generated by each one of them, noticing their differences.
A doença renal crônica como deficiência e sua tutela jurídica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-14)
Oliveira, Kleber Henrique Piva Gonçalves de
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Leite, Flávia Piva Almeida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4777562668430214
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-6198
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Orlandi, Fabiana de Souza
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition that affects the kidneys, vital organs responsible for filtering waste from the blood. When the kidneys do not function properly, these wastes accumulate in the body, generating several negative impacts on the physical and psychological health of patients. As the disease progresses, difficulties arise in carrying out daily activities, reducing patients' social participation. CKD is divided into 5 stages, and the focus should be expanded to stage 3, when there is a loss of 50% of the kidneys' filtration capacity and the health condition worsens. In stage 5, the negative impacts are already irreversible, requiring renal replacement therapy (kidney transplant, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis). The lack of knowledge about CKD increases the impact on patients' lives, directly affecting their socioeconomic conditions. Society needs to act preventively to stop the spread of the disease, making the population aware of its risks and encouraging prevention measures. With the historical evolution of the rights of people with disabilities, there has been a change in the standard of knowledge in which people with disabilities are now analyzed, not only according to medical standards, but also social standards, creating the biopsychosocial model. In this way, groups of people with disabilities that were not included in today's model are now included. In view of the above, a person with chronic kidney disease must be characterized as a Person with Disability within the parameters of the International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol (CRPD), and the Brazilian Inclusion Law – Law 13,146 of 06 July 2015 (LBI). With inclusion in legal scopes, these patients can be protected to the point of being able to exercise their citizenship and social inclusion on par with other members of society. Through this study it was possible to analyze the entire historical evolution of people with disabilities, the paradigm shifts from the medical model to the social model, current legislation, in addition to aspects related to the health of people with chronic kidney disease and the consequences of the disease on their life, as well as their classification as a person with a disability and their legal protection. To develop this research, the hypothetical-deductive method was adopted, which is based on bibliographic and documentary research through specific legislation on the topic, books and scientific articles in the area of law and health. In this way, it was possible to verify that chronic kidney disease presents several negative outcomes in the patient's life, such as reduced quality of life, loss of work capacity, social isolation, water and food restrictions, among others, causing obstructions to their full and effective participation in society, that is, people with CKD in interaction with social barriers must be considered people with disabilities from their 3rd stage. An integrative literature review study was also carried out in which the bidirectional relationship between CKD and the high unemployment rate became evident.
Professores da Educação Infantil (com formação em Educação Física): percepções e possibilidades sobre a BNCC e o arranjo curricular por campos de experiências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-14)
Diana, Fernando
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Alves, Fernando Donizete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812723309905378
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-7851
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2926057313051178
The publication of the National Common Curriculum Base (BNCC), in December 2017, brought challenges to Early Childhood Education: one of them was to reflect on the ways to approach children's experiences in order to build a contextualized pedagogical practice full of meanings, both for the children and for the teachers themselves, within a curricular conception that differs from the other stages of basic education despite being integrated with them. The organization of this document raised questions: what would be the perception of Early Childhood Education teachers (with a background in Physical Education) about the BNCC for this stage of Basic Education? What do these teachers understand about the new proposition that has been introduced: the curricular arrangement by fields of experience? Is it possible for teachers with a specific degree (in the case of this study, in Physical Education) to work within this proposal? Starting from the hypothesis that there should be difficulties in understanding, either the BNCC itself as a document, or of the proposition of the idea of "curricular arrangement by fields of experience", considering that not even the document itself presents definitions or conceptualizations about the term, we propose this work aiming, by discussing the perception of the BNCC and the terms within it, especially those related to the idea of fields of experience, in the part of Early Childhood Education teachers (with a degree in Physical Education), to deepen the reflections on the conceptual organization of the BNCC for the stage of Early Childhood Education and propose possibilities of action, overcoming the logic of the schooling model, by thinking about it and making it effective as a space where conditions are created for educational experiences to happen, organized with the children, in which through interactions, play, observations, explorations, investigations, raising hypotheses, answers to questions and curiosities are sought. Hence, the work was organized in five chapters: Chapter 1 presents the history of Early Childhood Education and Brazilian School Physical Education, in a process of contextualization and understanding of how the past organizes and introduces the present; in Chapter 2, we discussed Early Childhood Education and Physical Education inserted in this stage of basic education today, addressing the implementation of the BNCC in our country, specifically in the Early Childhood Education stage, and presented reflections on Physical Education, as an area of knowledge, in this stage; Chapter 3 brings as the central axis of discussion the fields of experience, mainly from Finco (2015) and Fochi (2015; 2020), Dewey's ideas regarding the meaning and significance of the concept of experience, and the proposal and discussion of four principles as guiding axes for the organization of pedagogical practice by fields of experience: the principles of interaction, continuity, significance, and playfulness; the field research is in Chapter 4, presenting the methodological paths of qualitative research, the data collection by the Focus Group technique, its analysis from Bardin (2016) and the organization of Early Childhood Education in the city studied; Finally, Chapter 5 presents and discusses the categories of analysis extracted from the group's narrative and their respective units of record. The analysis of the data showed that we were right in our hypothesis that there were difficulties in understanding, either the BNCC itself as a normative document, or the proposition of the idea of curricular arrangement by fields of experience, since we are talking about a concept under construction and, as such, it is not finished for any teacher.
Análise espaço-temporal de encalhes de aves marinhas no litoral sul e sudeste brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2023-12-14)
Rodrigues, Regiane da Silva
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Branco, Joaquim Olinto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3241905846920207
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0469098538796549
The group of seabirds is composed of different species with unique physiological adaptations that allow them to forage and migrate long distances in the ocean. These characteristics make them a crucial link between marine and terrestrial environments, providing essential services for ecosystem balance. However, they are exposed to a wide range of natural and anthropogenic threats that impact their populations, potentially resulting in the stranding of moribund or dead specimens on beaches worldwide. The processes behind these events are poorly understood, so this study aimed to analyze the strandings of seabirds on the south and southeast coasts of Brazil. The goal was to understand possible spatial and temporal patterns of strandings, as well as the influences of environmental and anthropogenic variables, during the years 2016 and 2019. The results revealed a well-defined spatial pattern, with higher abundance, richness, and diversity of strandings in the southern mesoregions and a decrease in the northern mesoregions along the Brazilian coast. Temporal patterns varied mainly by migratory status. Ecological indices of resident species showed higher strandings during the spring months and were positively related to wind intensity, reflecting primarily the reproductive period and fledgling departure of these species. Migratory species from the northern hemisphere also experienced peak strandings during the spring months, related to increased wave height and wind intensity. Six major mass stranding events were observed in the spring of 2016, mainly involving Manx shearwaters Puffinus puffinus. For these species, the southern hemisphere spring reflects the trans-equatorial migration period they undertake to reach the Patagonian Shelf during the northern hemisphere winter. Strandings of birds from the southern hemisphere mainly occurred in the winter months when these species migrate to the Brazilian coast during the non-breeding period. Abundance, richness, and diversity were higher with increased wind intensity and decreased sea surface temperature. Among southern species, the Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus exhibited the highest abundance, also occurring in winter months, with females and young individuals being predominant in the stranding population structure. The stranding of this species decreased with increasing temperature and increased with higher wind intensity. However, when removing the five extreme stranding events, particularly in 2018, which seem to be related to ENSO stages, wind intensity loses significance. This exemplifies the importance of this variable in the drift of bodies at sea reaching the beaches. This thesis provides valuable information about the dynamics of the seabird community on the Brazilian coast, being the first to evaluate such an extensive stretch of beaches in Brazil and the strandings in the mesoregions that compose it. Additionally, it demonstrates that the southern coast, particularly in the state of Santa Catarina, deserves attention for the implementation of conservation actions directed towards different species of seabirds.