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Primeiro Comando da Capital e seu fortalecimento nacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Vicente, Ariane
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Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962683392240853
In 1993, the state of São Paulo went through the expansion of a criminal organization named Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), which was responsible for many of the rebelions experienced by the Brazilian prison system, always causing countless deaths and safety demands for the inmates. According to this, the goal of this study is to discuss the urban violence seen in the 80’s decade, still prevailing nowadays, and how criminal organizations are linked to this problem. The methodology used is based on bibliographical review, so that the search of studies on this theme is efficient and relevant. It is noticeable, with the obtained data, that prison system’s criminality and the emergence of gangs like PCC and Comando Vermelho (CV) prove to be strong, with defined leadership, numerous members, statutes and well distributed activities. It soon comes clear that urban violence goes through these organizations, which usually control drug smuggling routes and make use of death as means of fearing and respecting their leaders.
Análise e aplicação de estratégias de marketing no Instagram para maximização do engajamento de postagens científicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Albuquerque, Renan Pessoa de
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Backes, Eduardo Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2604-686X
This work presents a detailed analysis of the digital marketing strategies implemented on the @demaufscaroficial profile on Instagram. Through the collection and analysis of quantitative data, various aspects of digital marketing were evaluated, ranging from understanding the characteristics of the profile under study, the effectiveness of organic and paid posts, the impact of different types of content, and the importance of metrics and audiences for generating insights. One of the main analyses carried out was to verify the effectiveness of organic marketing in establishing an engagement base and the relevance of paid boosting to expand the reach and visibility of posts. Through this analysis, it was found that the use of well-crafted creatives and targeted content, along with efficient segmentation strategies, resulted in a significant increase in audience interaction with scientific content. The importance of metrics for interpreting the performance of boosting and understanding areas for improvement for future actions was also highlighted. The study concluded that the implementation of digital marketing practices on Instagram was fundamental for maximizing the engagement of scientific posts, aiding in broader and more accessible access to science. Furthermore, this study reinforces the important role of social networks, especially Instagram, as powerful platforms for communication and dissemination of scientific content, paving the way for the use of digital marketing for educational and research purposes.
Reciclagem de poli(cloreto de vinila - PVC: desafios e oportunidades
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Lança, Laís Bertolino de Carvalho
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
The increasing global consumption of plastic materials and the consequent rise in waste generation have heightened the focus on the evolution of the circular economy and sustainable waste management. The improper disposal of polymeric waste in the environment has led to harmful consequences, as when deposited in nature, it has the potential to transform into polluting and toxic microplastics. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) stands out for its versatility, favorable properties, and widespread applications (construction, healthcare, packaging), making it one of the most consumed polymers today. In this context, there is significant interest in developing the recycling of PVC resins, expanding the reuse of post-consumer waste and preserving natural resources. However, the production of recycled PVC resins is currently limited compared to other polymer classes. Therefore, this study aims to identify the challenges faced in PVC recycling today and explore the opportunities for advancing this technique. A literature review was conducted in the fields of materials science, engineering, and sustainability, analyzing various experiments to compare theory with practice. Four main challenges were identified: waste separation, PVC thermal stability, impact on mechanical properties, and processing effects. The opportunities associated with these challenges were then discussed, focusing on innovation and the use of new technologies for selecting more satisfactory stabilizers and separation techniques, new routes for PVC polymerization and chemical conversion, waste decontamination, community awareness regarding proper plastic waste disposal. The economical, social, and environmental aspects are also considered.
O uso de conteúdos virais sobre álcool que circularam durante a pandemia da COVID-19 como potencialidade para a alfabetização científica e tecnológica em uma sequência de aulas em química
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Madella Junior, Mauro
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Milaré, Tathiane
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4030661520659155
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6557-1769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5438253207845477
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many topics involving science circulated through the media and social networks as a result of the search for the best way to prevent the disease. In this sense, a lot of content about alcohol circulated during this period, some of which contained information that was not supported by the scientific community. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate such content involving news and homemade hand sanitizer recipes on YouTube, in addition to proposing a didactic sequence using them in the classroom to promote students' scientific and technological literacy. The research is qualitative in nature and data analysis was carried out through the selection of excerpts contained in the videos and classifying them into possible categories: humanist objectives, social objectives, economic and political objectives, autonomy, dominance, communication, relationship with school chemical knowledge, possibility of an interdisciplinary approach and relationship with students reality/daily life. As a result, it was found that the videos analyzed covered the analyzed categories, indicating the potential for their use in the classroom and, finally, a didactic sequence was created using the Three Pedagogical Moments as a methodology with the incorporation of the analyzed videos, seeking to achieve the scientific and technological literacy process of students.
Estratégias de seleção de materiais para viseiras de goleiro de hóquei
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Bernardo, Diandra
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Marini, Juliano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
Visors for goalkeeper helmets are a relevant topic for hockey players, since access is made difficult by the lack of supply in the national territory, which results in a high cost for players. Due to the great mechanical stress suffered in a game situation, as well as shocks with the game ball and sticks, the ideal material must present excellent impact resistance and flexural rigidity, ensuring durability for the visor and safety for the user, in addition to have high hardness, being responsible for minimizing surface scratches that reduce the visibility and consequently the usefulness of the product. In addition to optimized mechanical performance, transparency and processability constraints need to be considered. Therefore, the material selection analysis aiming at cost reduction must consider multiple constraints, making it essential to use decision-making theories. Thus, using the TOPSIS and COPRAS methodologies, combined with the Saaty weighting methodologies that takes into consideration the preferences of goalkeeper visor users, and entropy weighting, a mathematical method that objectively indicates the weighting factors for each criterion according to the diversification of values within a group of properties, selection was carried out by ranking the potential candidates. This work aimed to indicate polymeric materials that have the best synthesis of expected characteristics according to each selection method. As a result, it was concluded that the choice of selection method did not impact the result as much as the weighting method. PCTA was chosen as the best material candidate among those analyzed.
Dificuldades inerentes da reciclagem de vidros no brasil e suas alternativas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Bacchi, Angelo Albuquerque Martins
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Akerman, Mauro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1351739106190053
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Rodrigues, Ana Candida Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4499231813051400
Analyzing the history of humanity, it’s possible to observe that glass has always been present, whether in the form of tools, ornaments, vases, windows stained glass, bottles, glasses, kitchen utensils, and, in more recent times, in addition to all these ways mentioned, glass is also used in car windows, cell phone screens, photovoltaic cells, the glass fibers that make up the internet network, among others. With this wide range of uses and assuming the enormous consumption in society, recycling is necessary to minimize the impacts, reprocessing discarded materials and giving them a new use. In this context, the aim of this study is to understand how glass is recycled in Brazil, its inherent difficulties, and possible ways to solve them.
Seleção de liga de alumínio para aplicação em motor de automodelo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Carvalho, Luisa Coelho de
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
Remote control car modeling is gaining increasing prominence nowadays. The lack of manufacturers in Brazil for combustion engine model car pistons requires a refined selection of materials to obtain the best material for this application. There is a lack of information in literature, standards, and patents for accessories of combustion engine model cars. The theoretical material selection is compared with experimental data. An experimental investigation was conducted through chemical analysis using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and microstructural analysis using Optical Microscopy of a model car piston manufactured in Italy. Two chemical analyses yielded results inconsistent with the observed microstructure. The microstructure reveals a piston composed of a hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy. The hardness obtained of 132HV corresponds to a hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloy and complies with the ABNT NBR15905 standard for conventional automobile pistons. A material selection conducted in the Granta Edupack 2020 software revealed aluminum-silicon alloys, specifically the cast alloys of the 3XX.X series, as suitable candidates for this application.
Seleção de SNPs em culturas de arroz utilizando aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Funicheli, Breno Osvaldo
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Cerri, Ricardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6266519868438512
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2582-1695
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1264469349936693
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the largest collections of genetic resources among plant species of economic interest. To increase the productivity of this cultivar, several genetic variability studies have been developed. In this context, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are single base variations in DNA sequences, have been widely studied, as they act as molecular markers linked to productivity and resistance in rice cultivation. However, due to the ineffectiveness of conventional methods in the task of selecting SNPs, methods based on Machine Learning (ML) have been used. For this purpose, the selection of SNPs is modeled as a Feature Selection (FS) problem. Although the use of FS is widespread in the literature, there are still gaps regarding its use in the context of rice genetic improvement. In conjunction with this, there is a need to investigate the SNPs selected by these methods in genetic improvement studies, to offer possible biological explanations linked to the results generated. To advance interesting points regarding this discussion, this work proposes some ensemble methods for selecting SNPs, to combine several FS algorithms to generate a robust result. These methods were implemented such as to create a pipeline for SNPs selection. The pipeline was applied to a dataset with multiple phenotypes linked to rice productivity. The proposed methods were compared to other methods present in the literature, demonstrating the best results in some cases. Furthermore, the use of functional enrichment as a strategy to explain the results was explored. The dataset used belongs to the Coleção Nuclear de Arroz of Embrapa Arroz e Feijão and was provided with the intention that the results generated in the present work would be subsequently investigated and used in the genetic improvement of rice
Efeito dos parâmetros experimentais utilizados na técnica volumétrica realizada em um aparato do tipo Sieverts nas medidas das propriedades termodinâmicas de formação de hidretos metálicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Santiago, Matheus Henrique Ambrósio
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Silva, Bruno Hessel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6735270859581901
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
The volumetric technique performed in a Sieverts apparatus is used to study the hydrogen absorption behavior of a metal-hydrogen system. The technique’s resulting Pressure-Composition-Temperature diagrams reveal important properties about hydrogen storage and the formation of metal hydrides. To investigate the effect of experimental parameters and their associated errors on determining the thermodynamic properties of hydride formation, 12 experiments were conducted at four different temperatures. The experiments involved varying the volume of the apparatus reservoir and the mass of palladium, the chosen metal due to its excellent hydrogen storage properties and well-documented values in the literature. The obtained diagrams revealed experimental errors related to the applied hydrogen pressure dose at each step, the time between steps, and limitations of the equipment. Increasing the sample mass showed a displacement of the miscibility gap to higher values of absorbed hydrogen content, along with a slight tilt in the equilibrium plateau. On the other hand, increasing the reservoir volume resulted in a shift of the miscibility gap to lower values. While the results align with the literature, variations in volume and mass impacted thermodynamic properties (enthalpy and entropy of hydride formation) proportionally during absorption, but with opposing effects: volume increase made enthalpy and entropy values less negative, while mass increase made them more negative. During desorption, the effect of volume increase was more pronounced, making the values considerably more negative, while mass increase slightly reduced the negativity. Future investigations are necessary to verify results reproducibility and comprehend these effects on thermodynamic properties.
Impacto da pandemia da COVID-19 na saúde mental e na educação da população LGBTQIA+ brasileira: um estudo da produção acadêmica-científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Pimentel, Matheus Fernandes De Sousa
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Mendonça, Viviane Melo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-1883
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4243804726017226
The objective of this research was to identify, map, and analyze scientific publications on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian LGBT population from 2020 to 2022. We aimed to analyze the knowledge production present in doctoral theses, master's dissertations, and scientific journal articles in the fields of psychology and education concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Brazilian LGBT population during this period. The research involved searching for scientific productions in electronic databases such as SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), BVS – Psi (Virtual Health Library – Psychology Brazil), BDTD (Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations), and the CAPES journal portal. We used Portuguese language descriptors such as “Mental health,” “LGBT,” “Homosexuality,” “Education,” “Transgender” or “Transsexuality,” “COVID-19,” “Sars-COV-2,” and their English equivalents. The search process resulted in a total of 22 manuscripts. The analysis of the studies consisted of different stages, including a preliminary reading of the bibliographic material, an exploratory reading to verify the adequacy of the information to the study's goals, a reflective or critical reading, and an interpretative reading to relate and integrate the content of the works with the research problem. Of the 22 journals found, only 8 specifically addressed the theme of this research, while the others were excluded after the mentioned analyses. We concluded that there is still not a great methodological variability in national and international studies on the topic, highlighting the need to encourage more research. Additionally, we identified a lack of interest in the subject during the study period, as well as the absence of specific government policies to address the issue, highlighting the vulnerability of the young LGBT+ population in health emergency contexts. Therefore, the current research project mentions Brazilian education and how gender and sexuality are addressed within the biology (high school) and science (elementary school) subjects, as well as the struggle and history of the LGBTQIA+ community. Finally, the different types of violence suffered by the LGBTQIA+ population are addressed, emphasizing domestic violence, which is very recurrent in the daily lives and homes of people who deviate from the cisheteronormative standard, mentioning mental health as the main impact of the pandemic.
Otimização de processos em uma montadora automotiva: eficácia geral do equipamento (OEE) através da análise de dados com Python
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Zancheta, Edson Arthur
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Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
The industry has evolved with new work approaches and increased the relevance of integrating advanced data analytics and machine learning techniques in engineering, in search of competitive prices by eliminating waste to increase profits. Therefore, this work addresses the integration of Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) in a stamping process in an automotive assembly plant through data analysis with Python. OEE is a crucial metric in industrial engineering responsible for measuring overall effectiveness using three components: availability, performance and quality. Python is a tool with comprehensive data processing and machine learning capabilities. The methodology adopted involves pre-processing data, calculating OEE components and applying machine learning techniques to predict and improve operational efficiencies. This process aims to calculate OEE and establish the basis for predictive maintenance and process optimization strategies. The use of machine learning allows you to analyze and interpret data from machines and processes, enabling failure predictions, optimizations of maintenance schedules and improvements in operational efficiency. The results show which parts demonstrate greater efficiency in their production, the OEE of general production and an example of prediction of 10 batches of parts. In this way, the study contributes to the transformative potential of data sciences in mechanical engineering setting a precedent for future research and applications in industry.
Percepção de educadoras sobre crianças com autismo na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Nascimento, Laura Lima do
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-623X
The early childhood education stage plays a fundamental role in global development in early childhood and the interpersonal relationships established within the school environment in the first years of schooling, especially with regard to the teacher's role, affect the student's performance. This study aimed to identify, through dialogues with regular classroom teachers and special educators, the perceptions regarding the coexistence of children with ASD in the regular classroom and the interpersonal relationships that occur in the school environment. A qualitative approach was used, using a semi-structured interview guide. Four common room teachers and two special educators participated in the research. The results obtained allow us to infer that educators independently search for information about ASD, according to their demands within the school environment; Furthermore, teachers' perception of the presence of children with ASD in early childhood education has been changing in a positive and significant way, mainly due to greater access to information and contact with special educators within schools.
Síntese do supercondutor YBa2Cu3O7-δ por reação de combustão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Basi, Rafael Henrique
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Caminata, Laís Pacheco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407002611399130
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5720-7438
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Almeida, Juliana Mara Pinto
Superconductivity, characterized by zero resistance and the ability to repel magnetic flux, has found applications in efficient energy storage, the production of advanced magnets, and the development of levitation technologies. However, the practical use of superconductors is still limited due to the need for temperature control to maintain the superconducting state. Most superconductors with a relatively high critical temperature are complex oxides, like YBa2Cu3O7-δ, which has a critical temperature above the liquefaction point of nitrogen. The conventional synthesis of these oxides typically involves high energy expenditures and long periods of thermal treatments. Thus, there is a need to improve the methods of obtaining these materials. A very promising method in this regard is solution combustion synthesis, which tends to produce homogeneous powders with high stoichiometric control. Accordingly, this work studied the synthesis of the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7-δ by the solution combustion method, using two different fuels: citric acid and urea. The effects of each fuel on the synthesis process and the characteristics of the final material were analyzed. The combustion synthesis transformed the precursors into powders with different characteristics based on the fuel used. The calcination step, carried out at 930oC, showed considerable efficacy in obtaining the orthorhombic phase of YBa2Cu3O7-δ. This was an excellent result, given that it was performed in an open atmosphere, eliminating the need for oxygen gas during synthesis. Sintering at 950oC promoted the elimination of secondary phases from the samples produced with urea. Tablets produced with both fuels demonstrated significant formation of the phase of interest, enabling the observation of the Meissner effect through the levitation test.
Mulheres egressas do sistema prisional: qual a influência de projetos de apoio em seus cotidianos?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Castro, Sara Mariana de
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Silva, Carla Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417501858864106
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-8340
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6822077670583269
Brazil's prison population is the third largest in the world and we need to pay attention to this specific population, as well as to those who have come out of this system, given the stigmas, segregation and disruption of daily life that permeate their lives. In this regard, the gender aspect is fundamental, because this context is not seen as common to women, who are faced with an even more stigmatizing scenario than they already experience. That said, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) that deal specifically with this group have shown themselves to be an important supporter, given the potential for networked care and support in coping. The aim of this project is to assess and identify what types of support have an impact on the process of social reintegration of women who have left the prison system, based on the narratives of women who visit the NGO Casa Flores. The qualitative research was made in three stages: document analysis, semi-structured interviews with women who have left the prison system and are linked to Casa Flores, and a group meeting to apply the visual body map methodology. This research aims to contribute to the discussion from an intersectional perspective on the subject and the importance of a specific care program for women going through this experience. Bonding and specialized care, in the direction of covering different dimensions of life, proved to be essential in the process of transforming the daily lives of these women. We therefore intend to make an assertive contribution to consolidating these practices with the female population, bearing in mind all the subjectivities that permeate their daily lives, especially after the experience of being deprived of their liberty.
Avaliação agronômica de linhagens de alface em cultivo hidropônico no sistema NFT (Nutrient Film Technique)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Rissardi, Rodrigo Favoretto
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Sala, Fernando Cesar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6771975466075202
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is the most important leafy vegetable in the world and the most commercialized in Brazil, being consumed mainly fresh, in the form of salads. This work aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of lettuce lines from the UFSCar – Araras Genetic Improvement Program, cultivated in an NFT hydroponic system. To carry out this work, seven lines were selected from the UFSCar Lettuce Germopalsma Bank, in addition to the commercial cultivar Vanda. The experimental design was completely randomized, with eight treatments and three replications. The lettuce was harvested thirty days after transplanting. Three plants from each replicate were evaluated for agronomic characteristics. Plant diameter, number of leaves, stem length, stem diameter, root length, leaf fresh mass, root fresh mass, leaf dry mass and root dry mass were evaluated. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. To compare cultivar means, the Scott Knott test was used at 5% probability. According to analysis of variance and Scott-Knot test at 5% probability, plant diameter, number of leaves, stem length, stem diameter, length of largest root, leaf fresh mass and root fresh mass obtained statistical difference, for dry mass of the leaf and dry mass of the root were statistically equal. For the hydroponic system, it is recommended to use strains 281-3-2-2, 184-5-3-1 and 226-1-3-3, as there are few statistical differences between them. These strains stood out significantly in the hydroponic environment, exhibiting highly favorable characteristics to meet the demands of the consumer market, especially in greater biomass.
Habilidades sociais e habilidades sociais educativas de famílias de pessoas com deficiência e autismo: uma revisão de artigos científicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Rodrigues, Julia de Almeida
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-3331
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867124516866419
This study conducts a literature review centered on the Bioecology of Human Development by Urie Bronfenbrenner, exploring research on educational social skills and social skills within families of children with disabilities. Acknowledging the positive impact on the socioemotional development of children, particularly in social contexts where children with disabilities are integrated, the focus is on the specific behavioral and interactive aspects associated with these disabilities. The study aims to analyze scientific articles addressing social skills or educational social skills of parents of individuals with disabilities, selected from the Lilacs, Scielo, and PsycInfo databases between 2010 and 2023. The analysis of the 10 articles considers the year of publication, the type of disability addressed, and data collection procedures. The complexity of the subject is emphasized, as evidenced by the diversity of disabilities, the use of mixed methods, and the centrality of mothers as participants. Conclusions highlight the importance of parental social skills, their association with child behavior, differences between clinical and non-clinical groups, the influence of gender and age, the effectiveness of interventions, and the multifactorial complexity.
Nanocompósitos de borracha natural e nanotubos de carbono dispersos em látex para preparação de elastômeros com alta condutividade elétrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Morais, Karen Amabille Batista
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Barbosa, Rafael
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2477977102127336
Thanks to rapid technological advancement, especially in the electronics industry, new trends and needs are emerging. In this sense, metallic materials traditionally used for these applications that require high conductivity are becoming increasingly less attractive as they are expensive, heavy, difficult to process, and oxidize and their extraction is harmful to the environment. Thus, conductive polymer composites (CPC), more precisely conductive elastomeric composites (CRC) of natural rubber (BN) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have attracted the attention of researchers thanks to their combination of elastic and electrical properties. Thus, in this work, the effects of CNT concentration on the mechanical and electrical properties of nanocomposites with BN cured with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) were evaluated. The nanocharges were dispersed using sonication in latex. The ideal concentration of DCP was also evaluated. Samples with three different concentrations of DCP were analyzed using torque rheometry. Nanocomposite samples were prepared with three different concentrations of nanotubes and the selected concentration of dicumyl peroxide. One of the samples was duplicated, but without the use of two stages of ultrasonic sonication to evaluate the effectiveness of the sonication stages. These samples were pressed and subjected to tensile and hardness tests to evaluate the mechanical properties, while impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to measure the electrical properties. The theory of equivalent electrical circuits (CEE) was used in conjunction with EIS to evaluate electrical parameters in greater detail. From the results, the electrical properties and mechanical properties were obtained, which increase as the concentration of CNT increases. Strain at break was the only mechanical property that reduced with increasing nanofiller percentage. The electrical properties of the sample with one less sonication step increased, but much less than that of the sample of equivalent concentration that went through all the steps, indicating that the sonication steps are very important for the dispersion of nano charges and affect directly electrical conductivity.
Ensino de habilidades comunicativas via Picture Exchange Communication System a indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo: revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Derencio, Ana Gabriele
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Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6893297545355878
The present research aimed to identify and analyze studies in international and national literature that used PECS to teach language to individuals with ASD and speech difficulties. The study was based on the study by Mizael and Aiello (2013), updating and expanding the period from 2011 to 2023. The following databases were used: BIREME and Periódico CAPES. For searches, the descriptors PECS and Picture Exchange Communication System in the title. The analysis period was from 2011 (the study by Mizael and Aiello carried out the search until August 2011) until August 2023. Some of the criteria were used, taking into account the following changes: studies that described an intervention using PECS and used the PECS proposed by Bondy and Frost, and adaptations of it, as part or all of the intervention. Given that in the original study the adaptation of PECS was considered only in Brazilian studies, which was why there was a scarcity, the present study evaluates the studies in a single search for databases, in which these foreign and Brazilian studies that used the original PECS and adaptations thereof. 11 studies that met the previously established inclusion criteria were analyzed. The articles included were published between 2011 and 2022, two in 2011, two in 2012, two in 2021, one in 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Of the 11 articles, nine were published in newspapers international and two in national journals. Ten of the 11 studies reported the phases of PECS taught, with four studies applying phases I to III, four studies applying phases I to IV, and only two studies teaching the six phases of PECS. The results, in general, of the eleven studies indicated that PECS was effective in teaching communicative skills, increasing appropriate communicative behavior and providing disruptive behaviors. Two studies have shown success with PECS in terms of responsiveness and independent commissions carried out by users, along with increased understanding and independent figures. The acquisition of communication through PECS was effective for teaching commands and for generalization by autistic people. Success in the ability to respond was also identified, along with maintenance over time involving different scenarios. This research sought to contribute, both in the international and national context, by presenting an overview of studies on teaching PECS as a strategy for language development for individuals with ASD and speech difficulties. The present study can and aims to assist therapists, family members, teachers and researchers in relation to their practices for developing the language.
Uma revisão crítica sobre a reutilização de pó metálico na manufatura aditiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Carvalho, Nathan Bissaro
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Gargarella, Piter
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
The present review work addresses the feasibility of metallic powder reuse in additive manufacturing (AM), exploring various crucial aspects influencing the process. It was motivated by a lack of similar studies, seeking to examine and consolidate the impact of multiple printing cycles on various powder aspects. Additionally, the study aimed to investigate the results of the printing sequences on the mechanical properties of the manufactured parts. Powder reuse significantly influences particle morphology and size distribution. It was identified that these changes in morphology and particle size distribution generally occur with an increase in the number of cycles, directly affecting the quality of the material deposited during additive manufacturing. It was also observed that reuse can compromise powder packing and flow, influencing the ease of layer formation and homogeneity of the deposited layer, resulting in potential process failures. These changes are not directly caused by process factors but by powder characteristics such as roughness, oxidation content, morphology, and size distribution, as well as more specific factors like magnetic phases present in the powder. Defects also occur in AM-obtained parts, such as increased density and size of porosities, compositional variations mainly due to oxidation, and an increase in defects such as lack of material fusion and voids due to uneven powder distribution. The spattering phenomenon, in which significant portions of the powder are ejected from the metal bed, also significantly alters the powder that will be reused and generates defects in the parts manufactured in the current print, such as voids and layer discontinuities. All these issues could lead to a significant deterioration in local and global mechanical properties of parts manufactured from reused material that has not been rigorously studied, controlled, and treated. This treatment involves stages of sieving between cycles to remove agglomerates and spatters, thus mitigating negative effects caused by these phenomena resulting from the decline in powder quality. Finally, this review emphasizes the complexity of metallic powder reuse in additive manufacturing, highlighting the importance of carefully monitoring powder characteristics between each print cycle to ensure better results. Understanding the impact on the properties of manufactured parts is crucial for establishing viable recycling limits, balancing economic efficiency with the quality of the final product. Regarding expectations for advances in research in this area, studies of different alloys and other additive manufacturing processes are included, investigating properties beyond just mechanical ones. In addition, an advanced study of the effect of reuse on microstructure and formed phases and the impact on the quality of the surface finish of manufactured parts is anticipated.
Cidade versus universidade: um estudo de caso sobre a dinâmica entre munícipes e a vida universitária em São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-02)
Queirantes, Sabrina
;
Sanchez, Fábio José Bechara
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6423443695464907
Over the last few years, Brazilian public universities have been subjected to financial and ideological attacks against their existence. The following research aims to understand the relationship between public universities and the general population, by analyzing discourse, opinions and activities on social media, especially in a conservative and neoliberal political scenario, as well as carrying out a historical and theoretical recovery of the higher education scenario in Brazil. To this purpose, a case study of the municipality of São Carlos will be carried out, given that the city has two public universities, the University of São Paulo (USP) and the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), and is known as a technology and science hub largely due to the presence of these institutions. The hypothesis is that, despite the prestigious image linked to the universities, there seems to be a distance between them and the city's population and that this phenomenon is strengthened by the rise of the extreme right-wing in Brazilian politics, guided by a conservatism and neoliberalism that drives public policies to dismantle education and privatize public sectors.