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Tecnologia de produção de kombucha e seus benefícios para a saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Schedenffeldt, Beatriz Ferrari; Silva, Thaís Jordânia; Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392
Kombucha is a beverage obtained through the fermentation of tea from the Camellia sinensis plant, sugar, and a culture of bacteria and yeast known as SCOBY. The consumption of this functional drink has significantly increased in recent years due to a growing demand for foods with health-benefiting properties, as people seek a healthier lifestyle. This study aims to conduct a literature review on the chemical and microbial composition of kombucha, potential production technologies for this fermented beverage, its health benefits, while also evaluating technological innovations and current market trends for kombuchas in Brazil. Upon analysis of the studies, it was found that kombucha's chemical composition is rich in organic compounds, resulting in antioxidant and antimicrobial effects, and a reduction in health-related issues, such as cancer prevention, arthritis relief, improved immunity, anti-hypertensive activity, anticholesterolemic effects, and anti-inflammatory properties. The beverage's symbiotic culture can act in the human body with a probiotic effect. Kombucha can be produced either artisanally or on an industrial scale, depending on the available infrastructure for its production. The basic steps include: preparation of infused tea, first fermentation in aerobic conditions, flavoring and carbonation in suitable bottles or cans, and the second fermentation in anaerobic conditions. In conclusion, due to its significant growth potential, further studies will be conducted to analyze the benefits of the drink and develop new formulations and processing alterations.
Do intercessor figura-palhaça: um possível da docência contra o entristecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Dias, Diogo Inacio; Souza, Carolina Rodrigues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152101475247049; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-1011; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4545959719805313; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3205-0048
What can happen when a teacher allows/makes an intercessor? What can be born from this encounter? And what can happen when that intercessor is the clown figure? This dissertation sets out to narrate the experience of a teacher who has an intercessor in the clown figure who, by crossing him, has made it possible for lines of escape to emerge in his teaching performance. Starting from the problem that the capitalist axiomatic and its capacity to manage its own limits, even agency desires, in a way imposes lines that shape society and the bodies that inhabit it, we discuss the idea that teaching is also sometimes shaped by these dominant and hegemonic movements of capitalism. Thus, there seems to be a developmental model of teaching based on performance and supported by formulas, recipes, methodologies and preconceived models that can end up breaking down teaching bodies and making them sad. In this dynamic of performance, we find in the concept of the intercessor a viable way for teachers to counteract this sadness. By being crossed by their intercessor, the clown figure (and their joy and improvisation and spontaneity and insubordination and disruptiveness and and and...), it has sometimes been possible to identify lines of escape that deterritorialise the teacher from their usual locus, launching them into a new and unknown territory of possibilities. Throughout this work, we present some chronicles that narrate some moments of experience in which the teaching figure is crossed by its intercessor, the clown figure, enabling other ways of being and being a teacher, offering resistance to some of these hegemonic lines that operate in a way that formats teaching. The clown figure is not presented here as another model to be followed or even as an inspiration for a teaching path to follow. The text shares an experience that, in the process of producing the research, enabled us to think about the power of manufacturing/permitting intercessors (whatever they may be) for teaching, our most precious finding in this research and writing process.
Suporte social e satisfação parental das mães e a relação com o desenvolvimento de crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Santana, Luiza Laroza Selarim; Cia, Fabiana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-3331; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5760950498028973; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-323X
According to Urie Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Perspective on Human Development, child development is influenced by biological characteristics and environmental experiences that the child undergoes, considering the individual, the process, the context, and time. When considering children with autism, their development may be more compromised and impacted by characteristics resulting from the disorder. Thus, the objectives of this study were to: (a) Describe the social support and parental satisfaction of mothers of children with autism; (b) Analyze the development of children with autism; (c) Relate social support and parental satisfaction of mothers with the development of children with autism and (d) Relate sociodemographic data with the child development of children with autism, social support and parental satisfaction of mothers. The study included 20 mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (the children ranged in age from two years and three months to five years and ten months). Data collection instruments included a semi-structured interview script, Brazil Criterion Questionnaire, Social Support Questionnaire, Parental Satisfaction Scale, and Portage Operationalized Inventory, administered remotely through Google Forms, WhatsApp, and/or Google Meet. Qualitative data obtained from the interview script were analyzed using categories established by the instrument. Data from the Brazil Criterion, Social Support Questionnaire, and Parental Satisfaction Scale were analyzed using descriptive methods, employing measures of central tendency and dispersion. Data from the Portage Operationalized Inventory were analyzed according to the instrument's norms. Spearman's correlation test (SPSS application for Windows) was used to correlate variables. As a result, it is evident that despite the difficulties, mothers were generally satisfied with their maternal roles, especially during moments of interaction between mothers and children. Regarding social support, the number of individuals identified as supportive was small, but satisfaction with the support received was high. Concerning the development of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, language and socialization were the most deficient areas for children with autism. Regarding correlations, both questions related to parental satisfaction and social support showed positive and negative correlations with areas of child development. However, the majority indicated that higher parental satisfaction or satisfaction with the support received correlated with better child development. Additionally, a higher level of support was associated with greater deficits in development and a younger age of diagnosis. The support services most received by children are speech therapy, occupational therapy, and psychology. Families expressed the need for psychology for parents in the health field and psychopedagogy for children in the education field. Therefore, the development of children with autism influences parental satisfaction and vice versa, as does the social support received by the family and support services, indicating that interventions with parents with the objective of promoting more social support and parental satisfaction to them, can bring positive impacts on some aspects of child development.
Competências para o desenvolvimento docente na educação interprofissional em saúde
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Leite, Daniella Rosaly; Rossit, Rosana Aparecida Salvador; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3333865775403342; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0563-7188; Silva, Jaqueline Alcântara Marcelino da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8311079340428705; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8307-8609; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7395250459807888; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-237X
Interprofessional education (IPE) is recognized as an innovative strategy capable of supporting, through its theoretical-conceptual and methodological frameworks, the necessary transformations in professional education and health work. The success of any educational action in IPE depends on the teacher’s ability to mobilize facilitation skills. However, the challenge lies in the absence of a set of competencies that globally underpin actions for faculty development (FD) in interprofessional education. Methodology: Descriptive-exploratory research with a qualitative approach, whose data collection took place in three stages. The first stage consisted of a scoping review and then a thematic content analysis. The second and third stages were collected using the Delphi method, with the participation of IPE specialists from the Brazilian national scene, and analyzed according to consensus and the content validity index (CVI). Results: In the first stage, two themes emerged: 1. Collaborative and facilitation competencies for IPE; 2. Competencies for FD in IPE. In the second stage, seven experts analyzed four competencies with consensus ≥ 80% in two rounds. In the third stage, ten experts analyzed four competences organized into domains, definitions and actions, with consensus ≥ 80% with two rounds. The final competency framework consisted of four competencies validated by the experts: 1. understanding of the socio-historical-cultural aspects of IPE and interprofessional collaborative practice (ICP) in the context of health needs, users, and health systems; 2. elaboration of the learning objectives and expected results of IPE proposals with the explicit intention of developing collaborative competencies; 3. systematization of the theoretical and methodological assumptions of IPE and ICP; 4. Application of teaching-learning methods and the evaluation process from an interactive and shared perspective to operationalize interprofessional education. Final considerations: The validated competency framework is a tool that will allow IPE facilitators to improve and institutionalize IPE in different contexts and practices, contributing to the progress of FD initiatives in IPE and to the curricular implementation of IPE in different locations.
Implicações da pandemia de COVID-19 nos aspectos psicossociais e na capacidade para o trabalho em trabalhadores brasileiros - estudo longitudinal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Andrade, Marcela Alves; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-8981; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5737918916474292; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-6865
The COVID-19 pandemic has raised numerous concerns. Informal workers had to stop working, reducing family income. Workers in essential sectors continued to work. Others, who were able to work from home, faced inadequate working conditions. Objective: To evaluate the psychosocial aspects and work ability of Brazilian workers from different economic sectors, with longitudinal monitoring for 12 months. Methods: Cohort study called “Implications of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Psychosocial Aspects and Work Ability of Brazilian Workers (IMPPAC)” with prospective longitudinal monitoring, with initial and quarterly assessments for 12 months. In the first and last assessment, three instruments were used: 1. Sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire; 2. Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II (COPSOQ II-Br) short version; and 3. Work Ability Index (WAI). The quarterly assessment involved aspects related to health and work ability. Workers who responded to the initial collection of study 1 were selected. Workers who responded to the baseline and last follow-up were selected for the data that would make up study 2. Results: Study 1: 1,211 workers participated in the research, 52% women, average age 37.7 years, 37% worked in education. The COPSOQ II-Br presented a risk for stress, burnout and work-family conflict; 75% indicated good/excellent work ability. Study 2: In the first wave of the pandemic, remote workers reported more quantitative demands and work-family conflicts, while in-person workers reported more emotional demands, low development of new skills, low commitment, low predictability, low recognition and low satisfaction. They also reported greater instances of offensive behavior. In the second wave, the remote group continued to report high work-family conflict, while the in-person group reported – in addition to the results from the 1st wave – low influence at work, low quality of leadership and burnout. No significant difference was found between the groups in relation to WAI in any of the waves (1st wave: P=0.46; 2nd wave: P=0.62). The majority of workers in both groups reported good work ability in both periods. No difference was found between the groups in relation to the prevalence of mental health problems, except for the prevalence of insomnia in the 12-month follow-up, with higher rates in the remote work group (P=0.03). The infection rate was significantly lower for remote workers (11%) compared to in-person workers (17%). Conclusion: Psychosocial factors and mental health were impacted by the pandemic.
Avaliação do efeito de ordenamento atômico nas propriedades da liga de elemento multiprincipal Cr33Co33Ni33
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Bacurau, Vinícius Pereira; Mazzer, Eric Marchezini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7273276940567054; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-2047; Coury, Francisco Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-2087; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3702118357708912; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0076-4097
Previously, it was believed that Multi-Principal Element Alloys (MPEAs) were constituted as a random solid solution. However, recent studies have analyzed the contribution of the mixing enthalpy to the Gibbs free energy and its influence on the formation of the phenomenon known as short-range order (SRO). In this context, some research has focused on evaluating the potential of SRO as a new pathway to enhance the mechanical properties in MPEAs. Thus, the objective of this work is to assess the influence of SRO in two compositions, Cr33Co(33-x)Ni(33+x) (x = 0 and 33). The aim is to induce the formation of SRO through isothermal treatments at 475°C for different time intervals, and thereby investigate the microstructural and mechanical property changes caused by this phenomenon. To achieve this, direct evaluations, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) analyses, were conducted along with indirect measurements, such as mechanical and physical property analysis (specific heat, Cp). Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, along with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and density functional theory (DFT), were used to corroborate the experimental results. Ultimately, the direct analyses did not detect the formation of SRO in either alloy, with only the presence of the ordered Ni2Cr phase observed in the binary alloy. The physical property results detected exothermic and endothermic reactions in both alloys, associated with the order/disorder reaction. The simulations corroborate the presence of SRO in the ternary alloy. Regarding the mechanical property analysis, no changes were observed in the ternary alloy, while in the binary alloy, the Ni2Cr phase led to an increase in hardness and yield strength.
Relação escola- família durante a pandemia de Covid-19: a perspectiva de professoras(es) da educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Matos, Nathália da Silva Mello; Alves, Fernando Donizete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3812723309905378; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9354-7851; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9691871996267222; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5773-8297
El año 2020 sorprendió a todos con la llegada de la pandemia del Covid-19. Como resultado, se tomaron contramedidas que incluyeron un decreto que autoriza la enseñanza a través de los TDIC, la llamada enseñanza a distancia, incluso para niños de educación infantil, algo que resultó inesperado, ya que la educación infantil es un segmento educativo que demanda un trabajo enfocado en interacciones y experiencias individuales y colectivas que sean significativas. Esta investigación derivó de un amplio estudio de colaboración internacional, Brasil-Italia, que buscó analizar la enseñanza a distancia en la educación infantil, que en esta investigación, tuvo como foco la relación escuela-familia en Brasil, desde la perspectiva de la educación temprana. docente de educación infantil, con el siguiente objetivo general: analizar la relación escuela-familia desde la perspectiva de docentes de educación infantil que necesitaron desarrollar un trabajo en la línea de la enseñanza a distancia durante el aislamiento social provocado por la pandemia de Covid-19. Se trata de un estudio cuali-quanti que utilizó un cuestionario en línea como instrumento de recolección, obteniendo respuestas de 97 docentes de educación infantil de escuelas públicas y privadas de diferentes estados, pero principalmente del estado de São Paulo. Los resultados de las preguntas abiertas fueron analizados cualitativamente, mientras que las preguntas cerradas permitieron la creación de gráficos que colaboran con el análisis cuantitativo, brindando una mejor visualización de los resultados. Se encontró que los docentes de educación infantil se esforzaron por intentar mantener el contacto con las familias, demostrando la relevancia e importancia de la relación escuela-familia y los niños, incluso a través de las pantallas. Resaltó el cuidado puesto por los docentes en tranquilizar a las familias en ese momento inicial de la pandemia con mensajes de bienestar, salud y optimismo; además de comprender y aclarar la importancia de experiencias en el contexto familiar para construcciones de aprendizajes y fortalecimiento del vínculo entre los miembros de la familia, mientras la enseñanza presencial en escuelas no fue decretada. En este sentido, esta investigación resulta relevante al colaborar con estudios que consideran la importancia del docente de educación infantil en el establecimiento de la relación escuela- familia, tan esencial para la formación del individuo y que ha pasado por una situación nunca vista antes, ya que en otros tiempos de pandemias no era común que los niños pequeños asistieran a la educación infantil.
Valorizando subprodutos das produções de óleo de soja e etanol: síntese e análise técnico-econômica da produção de biolubrificantes em biorrefinarias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Martins, Christian de Oliveira; Furlan, Felipe Fernando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4136352953168873; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0438-5257; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3013890150468691; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3711-666X
Despite oil-based products still dominate the market, there is a growing use of bio-based alternatives (called biolubricants) enhanced with chemical modifications. The main paths for the production of these biolubricants are esterification and trans-esterification. The process usually uses long-chain alcohols and fatty compounds such as acids and fats, with catalysts like enzymes, which can reduce the environ-ment impact. The production of these products can be done with by-products from other industrial processes, such the soybean oil deodorizer distillate (SODD), from the soybean oil production, and fusel oil, generated in the alcoholic fermentation of sugarcane. Therefore, this study aims at the design and techno-economic analysis of the biolubricant production, consuming these aforementioned by-products via an en-zymatic path using Pseudomona fluorencens lipase. Since there is not appropriate thermodynamic characterization of the substances present in the chosen system, this research uses several predictive methods. In addition, the phase equilibrium was es-timated using a simplified approach of pseudocomponents creation, reducing the number of components applied on simulation from dozens of pure components in SODD to only 22. The purification step consists on three parts: evaporation and recy-cle of unreacted fusel oil, product distillation and purification of the generated glycerin. The processes adapted to the context of the state of São Paulo, with the application of a location factor. A minimum attractiveness rate of 16% was used and an uncer-tainty analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations was employed to verify the uncer-tainty in the minimum selling price. Thus, the minimum selling price was 3.51±0.32 USD/kg, 41.5% lower than the price of traditional lubricants and 80.5% lower than the average of biolubricants. Even though the product is still a lubricant base, not a final product, the low price indicates that process can be a interesting option from an eco-nomic point of view.
Saúde mental e a contrução da masculinidade: perspectiva de adolescentes meninos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Gabriel, Isabela Martins; Carlos, Diene Monique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4324893981363616; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-7350; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7478905574861773; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6447-6110
Female adolescents are more prone than male adolescents to have suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts. However, in Brazil, the suicide mortality rate is higher among men. The construction of masculinity seems to be part of the origin of this suffering, as well as impacting the ways in which these individuals are cared for. Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the perspective of adolescent boys on mental health and its relationship with the construction of masculinity. Method: A qualitative approach research, based on Paulo Freire's critical pedagogical theory, using a participatory strategy for data construction - based on Culture Circles. Thirty-seven adolescent boys aged 13 to 15 from a state school participated in the study. Data collection included participant observation with field notes and the construction of artistic material facilitated by playful techniques. Data analysis was conducted through data triangulation. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee with Human Beings. Results: Findings indicated an optimistic perception of mental health, however, they presented triggering elements of psychic suffering, including the school environment, characterized by a dynamic of control and pressure, as well as the presence of bullying mainly linked to racism. The construction of masculinity was articulated with not expressing feelings, being signified by strength, aligned with the need to meet family expectations, mainly from the father or male figure. They reported perceiving a place of abandonment faced by individuals belonging to the LGBTQIA+ community. Furthermore, family and peers play an important role as a support network in the process of self-awareness, to identify and manage feelings. The context of social vulnerability can increase adolescents' exposure to risk situations. However, possible pathways were identified, such as empowerment through support networks and dialogical practices. The need for balance in internet use was pointed out, as well as sports recognized for their positive impacts on mental health and integration into the social construction process of masculinity. Final considerations: This study allowed an expanded look at mental health related to the construction of masculinity and allowed for thinking about nursing practice strategies, such as family empowerment and developing Nonviolent Communication in schools.
(Bio)sensores eletroquímicos impressos em 3d e novos filamentos condutivos aplicados à química analítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Silva, Luiz Ricardo Guterres e; Janegitz, Bruno Campos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7746094938977989; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-9795; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5070002836256112; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4457-8499
Electrochemical sensors can be employed for diverse detection purposes, and their modification with biological compounds enables the development of biosensors with selectivity for analytes such as viruses. Furthermore, the manufacturing of electrochemical sensors with a focus on miniaturization and cost reduction is of paramount importance for producing efficient analytical platforms. In this context, 3D printing technology facilitates the rapid, decentralized, and miniaturized production of sensors using conductive filaments. Therefore, this thesis presents the fabrication of conductive filaments and 3D (bio)sensors using both laboratory-made and commercial filaments for the detection of biomarkers and viruses, specifically SARS-CoV-2 and Monkeypox virus (MKPV). All developed materials and sensors underwent characterization through morphological, physicochemical, and electrochemical techniques. The (bio)sensors for creatinine and SARS-CoV-2 cDNA exhibited a detection limit (LD) of 15.0 and 0.31 µmol L−1, respectively. Sensors produced from the new filaments (graphite and carbon black) demonstrated satisfactory electrochemical characteristics compared to sensors produced with commercial filaments. The application of 3D graphite-based (bio)sensors for the determination of uric acid and SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein show LD values of 0.07 and 1.36 nmol L−1, respectively. The carbon black-based biosensor indicated a LD of 2.7 pmol L−1 for S1 protein. For MKPV detection, a multiplex device based on an immunosensor and a genossensor showed LD values of 2.9 and 27.0 nmol L−1 for A29 protein and DNA, respectively. All recovery tests exhibited values close to 100%. Consequently, 3D sensors prove to be a highly potent tool for virus detection and their biomarkers. The laboratory production of conductive filaments enabled the construction of excellent sensors using diverse materials, providing a viable alternative to commercial options.
Satisfação da família e requisitos para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos de tecnologia assistiva para a mobilidade infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Linhares, Bianca de Medeiros Rodrigues; Agnelli Martinez, Luciana Bolzan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6769528949964873; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-9806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9771021528539067; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3847-0705
Introduction: Mobility can be considered an important activity for engagement in several significant childhood occupations, as well as in different contexts, and is among the domains presented by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (CIF), as part of the Activity and Participation component. Functional mobility is presented, by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA), as part of the occupation of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), being defined as the ability of an individual to move or change from one position to another. another, when carrying out daily activities, whether this movement is in a sitting or standing position. Assistive Technology (AT), which is among the environmental factors of the ICF, can play a facilitating role in the mobility of children with disabilities. Objectives: Identify the level of independence in mobility of children with disabilities and investigate family satisfaction regarding the assistive technology devices used, to understand family members' opinions and carry out a survey of the necessary requirements for new equipment, to subsidize the process of innovation and mobility device development. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive research, aiming to carry out a field study with families of children aged 0 to 11 years old, who have mobility restrictions, as well as an exploratory stage, to obtain data for innovation and technological development in this area. Data collection took place in three stages: in the first, an electronic form was applied on AT devices; in the second, an individual interview to apply two standardized instruments, the Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory - Adaptive Computerized Testing (PEDI-CAT) and the Brazilian version of the Quebec Assessment of User Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (B-QUEST 2.0) ; and, finally, in the third stage, focus groups were held with family members, to provide an opportunity for a debate on mobility devices and carry out a collection with a qualitative approach, in a complementary way to the quantitative approach of the other stages. Results: Ten families participated in the study, all of whom declared that the children's mobility restrictions were due to the diagnosis of cerebral palsy, with functional delays in terms of mobility, as they scored below 30 on the normative score, measured by the PEDI CAT. All children use AT devices for mobility, which are: manual wheelchair with adaptations (50%), manual wheelchair without adaptations (30%), baby stroller (10%) and walker without body support (10%). Most of the equipment was acquired through donations from third parties (50%) and it was verified, through the application of QUEST, that the participating family members had a high level of satisfaction with them, with the average of the eight items in the first part of the instrument, considering the scores of all participants, was between 4.3 and 4.9, that is,between “quite satisfied” and “completely satisfied”. The aspects chosen as the most important in assistive devices by families refer to: “Ease of adjustment”, “Ease of use”, “Comfort” and “Stability and safety”. In the third stage of the research, many experiences were shared, and concrete solutions were thought of by family members. Final Considerations: The study made important contributions to the AT area, valuing the involvement and perspective of family members, whose satisfaction was measured and whose opinions were collected through focus groups, a method that proved to be powerful in promoting debate in this area. Six categories were obtained, based on family members' reports: Positive aspects of the device, Benefits, Negative aspects, Challenging situations, Requirements for the development of wheelchairs and new mobility equipment. It is considered that the child's satisfaction and the evaluation of a specialized team could bring different data and relevant information, in a complementary way, which points to the importance of future work. It is concluded that the objectives were achieved and that the results made it possible to bring the interdisciplinary research team closer to the particularities involving the use of mobility aid devices by children with disabilities and their families, and the understanding of important aspects to direct the development of new concepts and prototypes in AT for child mobility.
O efeito da compressão por ataduras elásticas na dor e função em indivíduos com osteoartrite de joelho: ensaio clínico controlado randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Ferrari, Angelica Viana; Salvini, Tania de Fatima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4391969032505723; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-6393; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5049679026058988; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-0688
Compression is widely used in combination with cryotherapy and other non-pharmacological physical agents to control musculoskeletal pain. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding its possible effects on modulating this type of pain. This study evaluated the effect of compression by elastic bandages on pain and physical function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: Randomized, three-arm, prospectively registered trial, blinded assessors, allocation concealment, and intention-to-treat analysis. Participants: Ninety individuals with KOA, of both sexes, between 40 and 75 years of age, with current pain > 4 cm on the 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS). Intervention: For four days, the experimental group used an elastic bandage compressed on the painful knee for 20 minutes; the sham group used elastic bandages without compression; and the control group did not use a dressing. Outcome measures: Primary outcomes were visual analogue scale (VAS) pain and pain subscale of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes included self-reported (WOMAC) and objective physical function (step tests; 30-second sit-to-stand test; 40-m brisk walk test) and global change rating scale. Measurements were taken at day 1, day 6 and 12 weeks. Results: Immediately after the intervention, the mean difference between the groups in the stiffness, function and total index subscales were statistically significant, favoring the experimental group and the sham group, compared to the control, but without reaching the minimum clinically important difference (MCID). At the same time, the experimental group reached the MCID in the pain variable after the 9-step test when compared to the control group. For the other times and comparisons there were no significant results. Conclusion: The application of elastic bandage compression to the knee of individuals with KOA was not superior to a sham intervention and a negative control in reducing pain and improving physical function. Trial Registration: NCT04724902.
Elefantes, instituições e ciência nas fraturas coloniais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Campos, Ana Cecília Oliveira; Vianna, Anna Catarina Morawska; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2245801371286766; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6407-7854; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5760944010607913; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4058-2482
This dissertation is an ethnography of the relationship between humans and elephants, focusing on the intertwining of environmental and colonial issues. The research describes four different contexts: the first sanctuary for elephants in South America, a National Park in Mozambique, a zoo in Argentina and a zoo in Brazil. The ethnographic strategy was to follow elephants in their movements along sanctuary and zoo fences, in scientific articles, in institutional and legal documents and in the reports of interlocutors who consider elephants as companion species. On the one hand, these different materials show multispecies assemblies in which keepers, veterinarians, lawyers, institutions and donors come together around elephants and their life stories. On the other hand, it explains the historical relationship between elephants as a symbol of colonial triumph, which is seen both in the relationship between zoos and the colonial trade in exotic species and in the behavior of herds that still deal with the traumatic memories of hunting. Highlighting this intertwining has the political importance of situating multispecies ethnographies not only in relation to the plantationcene, but also in relation to the theme of raciality as a historical referent of multispecies relations and as a potential tool for rethinking engagements in anthropological practice.
A relação entre a inteligência emocional e a autoestima em adultos pela abordagem dos multimétodos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Sousa, Elaine Mônaco; Muniz, Monalisa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-6296; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3814989020341163; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8005-7992
Emotional Intelligence (EI) concerns the ability to consider, use, understand and manage one's own emotions and those of others. Studies related to EI and several variables, one of which, still not very scientific, is the association with Self-Esteem (SE), which is the perception of appreciation or devaluation that a person has of themselves. The present study sought to verify the relationship between these two variables, EI and AE. The research was carried out online and divided into two stages. In stage 1, the sample consisted of 151 participants, of which 74.8% (n = 113) declared themselves female. The age of the participants was between 19 and 61 years old (M = 35.11, SD = 9.67) and their education ranged from completed higher education 47.0% (n = 71), incomplete higher education 18.5% (n = 28 ), completed high school 15.2% (n = 23), master's degree 11.9% (n = 18) and doctorate 7.3% (n = 11). This sample responded to the Emotion Perception Test (TPE) and Emotion Regulation Test (TRE) instruments, both in maximum performance format, the Emotional Competence Inventory (ICE) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (EAR), both self-reports. . Regarding Stage 2, 53 participants, with a direct link (father, mother, sister, partner, child, boyfriend/girlfriend) to people from Stage 1, developed through heteroevaluation of these participants using of EI and AE self-report instruments that were adapted for hetero-report assessment. The results showed some positive correlations on the EI factors and the AE score, among all instrument formats, but mainly when using self- and hetero-report ones. the self-report and hetero-report instruments were correlated, it was explained that the results corroborated each other by demonstrating agreement between the perceptions demonstrated when people evaluated themselves, in relation to the perceptions when they were evaluated by people close to them, that is, showing that people more well-evaluated by people close to them, they tend to perceive themselves with feelings of self-worth. Thus, the results of this research support an important relationship between EI and AE, and which may imply in the promotion of mental health, contributing to guidelines that aim to develop a These variables will also tend to promote the other.
Repercussões da covid-19 na primeiríssima infância: percepções de famílias em contextos de pobreza sobre o crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Pacheco, Ingrid; Carlos, Diene Monique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4324893981363616; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-7350; Brasileira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8388550004653869; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-8196
Early childhood is a fundamental period for the process of child growth and development. This process may have been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic due to the implications of social distancing, which caused changes in services, support networks and the home environment. These impacts on children and their families were amplified in contexts of poverty. Objective: To understand the perceptions of families in poverty contexts about the repercussions of the covid-19 pandemic in early childhood. Method: Qualitative research anchored in the Bioecological Theory of Human Development framework. It was carried out in two municipalities in the interior of the state of São Paulo, with approximately 250 thousand inhabitants, in two Primary Health Care units. The participants in this study were family members, following the inclusion criteria: (1) being a caregiver for a child of 1 to 3 years; and (2) living in a context of poverty. For data collection, medical records analysis and semi-structured interviews were used. The data collection period was from May to June 2023. The data was analyzed inductively through reflective thematic analysis. The research was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 67340323.5.0000.5504). Results: There were 25 participants, 20 mothers and 5 grandmothers. Two final themes emerged. The first final theme was titled “'A hell of a hassle, only at home' – repercussions of the pandemic on the family microsystem”, revealing pandemic repercussions on reproductive planning, the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, family configuration and the support network, with emphasis on care by the woman, mother or grandmother. In the second theme entitled “'We had several losses due to COVID-19' – mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem in pandemic times and contexts of poverty”, the interrelationships between the microsystems in which the child is inserted were presented, triggered from the environment familiar. Mesosystemic relationships, especially with the daycare center and the PHC unit, were essential and at times challenging. The process of growth and development during the pandemic was crossed by experiences of mourning, contexts of worsening income and changes in work routines. Furthermore, it was influenced by beliefs, values, religions, public policies and political context. Final considerations: This study allowed a broader view of growth and development in early childhood, in the light of bioecological theory. The incorporation of this knowledge can mitigate the effects of the pandemic period, through short, medium and long-term actions in the organization of services and practices, especially in education, social assistance and health. DESCRIPTORS: Child Development, Growth, COVID-19, Poverty, Nursing, Qualitative Research.
Órteses para o pé com cunha medial alteram a cinemática do retropé, tíbia e fêmur em corredores com dor femoropatelar: uma análise usando statistical parametric mapping
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Silva, Hygor Ferreira; Pereira, Natalia Duarte; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3408152349657748; Serrão, Fábio Viadanna; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8137335642635433; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3489093996991463; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-1254
Medially wedged foot orthoses are recommended for short-term pain reduction in individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP). However, the precise mechanism underlying pain reduction remains unclear. Inconsistencies exist in the literature regarding the effects of these orthoses on lower limb kinematics during running in individuals with PFP. An important limitation of prior studies assessing the effects of medially wedged foot orthoses on lower limb kinematics in this population is the use of discrete parameters for movement analysis, which may not offer a comprehensive description of observed movement patterns. Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) presents an alternative approach, capable of identifying differences across the entire time series, thus offering a more robust motion analysis technique. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of employing medially wedged foot orthoses on the kinematics of the rearfoot, tibia, and femur during the stance phase of running in individuals with PFP, utilizing SPM. A secondary aim was to evaluate the immediate effects of this orthoses on pain intensity and self-perception of improvement or worsening. This study employed a randomized crossover design involving 30 runners with PFP (mean age 29.7 ± 5.3 years) exhibiting excessive subtalar pronation. Participants underwent two test conditions: 1) a control condition involving the use of running shoes with original insoles, and 2) an intervention condition utilizing a 3/4 foot orthoses with a 4° medial wedge. A three-dimensional kinematic analysis during treadmill running was recorded, and the variables of interest were the movement of the rearfoot in the frontal plane, and the movement of the tibia and femur in the frontal and transverse planes. Pain intensity and self-perception of improvement or worsening were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale and the Global Rating of Change scale, respectively. The use of the medially wedged foot orthoses resulted in reduced rearfoot eversion (18-81% of the stance phase) (p=0.007), increased tibial medial rotation at the beginning of the stance phase (0-24%; p=0.004), but a reduction in this movement between 40 and 84% of the stance phase (p <0.001). Furthermore, the orthoses induced an increase in femoral medial rotation at the beginning of the stance phase (0-5%; p=0.043) and femoral adduction between 23-47% of the stance phase (p=0.011). Despite not yielding a reduction in pain intensity (p=0.940), the orthoses led to a significantly greater self-perceived improvement (p=0.031). In conclusion, the use of a 4° medially wedged foot orthoses demonstrated the capacity to modify lower limb kinematics in runners with PFP, resulting in higher self-perception of improvement.
Índice de Democracia Local e seus efeitos: uma aplicação ao município de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Alexandre, Leone Santos; Casalecchi, Gabriel Avila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9759794253878555; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1745989811382075; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-1392
This master thesis aims to apply the Local Democracy Index (LDI) using the variables "electoral process", "freedoms and rights", and "government functioning" to assess the quality of democracy in the municipality of São Carlos, in the state of São Paulo. This involves establishing a dialogue between the most recent methodology on local democracy quality and contemporary political literature that underpins the debate on democracy and the quality of political regimes. The thesis directs efforts towards one of the key elements for the maintenance and improvement of democracy: the ability to measure the state of the democratic regime. Despite advances in comparative analyses, the local level still lacks research that generates data to deepen the understanding of federative entities more closely related to citizens. In terms of methodology, this thesis employs a survey with experts who evaluate components of the three variables under analysis. The overall result obtained by São Carlos' LDI was 6.11 on a scale of 0 to 10, a value close to the indices of São Paulo (5.67) and Curitiba (4.95). However, each variable showed differences: "electoral process" and "freedoms and rights" scored higher when compared to the capitals of São Paulo and Paraná. On the other hand, "government functioning" represents São Carlos' lowest score, below the results obtained in São Paulo and Curitiba. This negative result is primarily explained by the accountability deficit, as highlighted by the survey respondents. Another outcome of this work involves the development of a methodology to determine the exact number of experts needed and their balanced distribution among various institutions and socio-demographic segments. This aims to establish a more defined and adaptable method for different contexts, maximizing the analytical potential of the LDI and its applicability in a variety of urban scenarios.
Analisys of the factors that influence the adoption and use of communication technologies for second hand P2P consumption
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Blaz, Claudia Lorena Cárdenas; Ganga, Gilberto Miller Devós; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9062191157466610; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9328-5727; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3488672042772167; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7939-2594
The reuse of any product “as is” is closely linked to the concept of solid waste prevention, sustainable consumption and consequent reduction of environmental impact, aligned with the principles of the circular economy. The consumption of second-hand products is an alternative social practice that encourages reuse. It is currently being energized and facilitated by the development of business models based on platforms, mediated by Internet access and the proliferation of electronic devices. Considering the growing popularity of the consumption of used goods through digital platforms, academics from different contexts have addressed consumer behavior in this new context, given its impact on society and the environment. Given the lack of academic evidence from representative emerging scenarios such as Brazil, the objective of this study is to evaluate the adoption and use of the WhatsApp Instant Messaging Platform (IMP) for the purchase or sale of second-hand products (SHP) peer-to-peer (P2P). To achieve the stated objective, a systematic review of the literature was first carried out, with the aim of addressing key questions about motivations, barriers and trends in this emerging phenomenon. We find that consumers are motivated by economic, convenience, ideological and sustainable factors when they decide to purchase second-hand goods. Barriers to secondhand consumption on virtual platforms are identified, including product uncertainty, seller uncertainty, desire for new products, and negative physical contagion. Strategies to overcome these barriers involve face-to-face transactions, emphasizing product packaging, highlighting product quality, and promoting environmental awareness. In the second part of this research, a comprehensive assessment of the adoption and use of IMP Whatsapp for the purchase and sale of SHP was conducted. The factors that influence consumer behavior were investigated using the Expanded Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) as a theoretical basis. Our findings reveal that effort expectancy, hedonic motivations, initial trust, and habitual use positively and significantly affect the intention to use IMP for secondhand transactions. On the contrary, perceived risk negatively affects this behavioral intention, highlighting the need to mitigate users' concerns to encourage participation in second-hand transactions through these platforms. The theoretical contributions of the study highlight the importance of adapting existing theories to understand consumer behavior in the digital landscape, providing valuable information for researchers, practitioners and policymakers. From a practical point of view, the findings can guide companies and instant messaging platform developers to develop user-centric features and marketing strategies tailored to the second-hand market.
Estratégias de inclusão no trabalho no contexto da saúde mental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Gomes, Jéssica Negri; Lussi, Isabela Aparecida de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8121264125922144; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3632-5539; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4935426891074671; https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7673-0292
Solidarity economy presents itself as a form of resistance against capitalism, seeking the social inclusion of people excluded from the labor market, with pillars based on solidarity, collective work, self-management, and the generation of economic activity. It has been a democratic response from social movements to the crisis caused by capitalist accumulation, mainly guided by the ethics of solidarity. In March 2020, the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 (the etiological agent of COVID-19) reached Brazil, rapidly spreading across the national territory. It brought damage to the lives of the population not only in the area of public health but also in social and economic aspects. In order to meet the minimum needs of the population, the State created some targeted strategies such as emergency aid and social assistance policies. However, what has truly proven to be an alternative to providing much of the subsistence for vulnerable populations are the initiatives of solidarity economy and solidarity networks within their own territories. In addition to solidarity economy initiatives designed as strategies for the social inclusion of people in situations of social vulnerability, including those experiencing mental suffering, there are income transfer programs, which are social policies aimed at combating poverty and reducing inequalities in developing countries. In the municipality of Araraquara, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, there are two municipal income transfer programs, the "Bolsa Cidadania" and the "Social Inclusion Incentive Program" (PIIS), mainly aimed at guaranteeing the right to a minimum income and providing productive inclusion, alleviating the impact of increased social exclusion in the municipality. This study had general objectives of identifying the expectations of users of CAPS II and CAPS AD regarding possible entry or return to work from the perspective of the Solidarity Economy; and the facilitators and barriers encountered for inclusion in work for participants in income transfer programs. The specific objectives were to investigate the occupational history of CAPS II and CAPS AD users in Araraquara who are eligible for work inclusion and to identify the level of aptitude of these users for collective and self-managed work. This is a field research, exploratory in nature, with a qualitative approach. Nine users of CAPS II and CAPS AD in Araraquara participated in the study, who are eligible for work inclusion and are currently excluded from the labor market, along with two users engaged in the professional training activities provided by the income transfer program "Social Inclusion Incentive Program (PIIS)." For data collection, three instruments were used: a personal and work information protocol for all research participants and two semi-structured interview scripts, one for the group of participants eligible for returning to work and another for the PIIS participant group, as well as a field diary for notes taken during the entire fieldwork. The data collected from the information protocols were analyzed descriptively, and the interview data were subjected to thematic analysis. The results showed that participants had both positive and negative work experiences throughout their lives and face various barriers to inclusion in the labor market. The study revealed that many participants have an aptitude for collective and self-managed work, and contact with the principles of the solidarity economy sharpened the participants' critical perspective on the exploitation derived from the capitalist system. We concluded that the solidarity economy and transfer programs are important strategies for social inclusion through work for people experiencing mental suffering and those who have problematic use of alcohol and other drugs.
Produção e purificação de nanotubos de carbono via decomposição catalítica do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-02-23) Milanezi, Henrique Carvalhais; Urquieta-González, Ernesto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2389975677904655; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-6004; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3725002122833699; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-9276
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are materials with the potential to develop disruptive technologies, such as the construction of space elevators and transistors smaller than silicon, but their production is still an engineering challenge. The catalytic decomposition of methane (DCM) is an interesting route for this, using a greenhouse gas to prepare a high value-added product while also producing COx-free hydrogen, an advantage over the commercial route via methane steam reforming. In the present work, DCM was studied in the 700 ºC to 850 ºC range using iron catalysts supported on magnesium oxide or magnesium aluminate, with the aim of understanding the dynamics of the reaction and improving the synthesis of CNTs by increasing the amount produced and reducing the presence of defects in their structure. To this end, DCM was carried out by changing some of the main process variables: support material, iron content dispersed in the support, reactor type, methane fraction in the feed, reaction temperature, residence time and reducing agent. This study exists as a continuation of the IC project supported by FAPESP (process 2021/00622-8) during which DCM was evaluated with the iron catalysts supported on magnesium oxides described here. The prepared catalysts were characterized by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), N2 physisorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), while the catalysts after DCM were characterized by XRD, TEM, thermogravimetry (TG) and Raman spectroscopy. The catalyst with the highest yield was 40%FeMgAl2O4, with 1,04 grams of carbon per gram of catalyst, while the 2,5%FeMgAl2O4 catalyst produced 7,23 grams of carbon per gram of iron, the highest yield when weighted by metal content, while the 2,5%FeMgO catalyst was the least active of those studied. Microscopy confirmed the synthesis of carbon nanotubes as well as other structures, while Raman spectroscopy indicated the presence of nanotubes with one or two walls. The carbonaceous products with the least amount of defects came from DCM with the 10%FeMgAl2O4 catalyst when carried out at 750 ºC, with an ID/IG ratio of 0,188, which represents the ratio between defective and graphitic material. The CNTs of the 2.5%FeMgAl2O4 catalyst were estimated to have diameters of up to 8,6 nm.