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Governança no setor público: uma análise nas universidades federais da região Centro-Oeste do Brasil à luz das dimensões e princípios internacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Silveira, Vanessa Cristina dos Anjos; Albuquerque, Andrei Aparecido de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9667573506903226; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1817933529254519
Although public governance is an ally of management, seeking improvements in the provision of services with a focus on citizens and organizational performance, little research explores governance practices in higher education institutions. In this context, the present work aims to identify the level of adherence, analyzing the practices least adopted by federal universities in the Midwest region in relation to the dimensions and principles of governance recommended by international institutions, in order to propose a guide for implementing governance practices. To this end, through applied research, with an exploratory-descriptive objective following the quantitative approach, a survey was applied to five public universities in the Central-West region with the purpose of measuring the percentage of adherence to governance practices, according to two international frameworks, Good Governance in The Public Sector and Study 13. In the qualitative approach, we sought to identify the practices adopted through the analysis of institutional documents and bibliographical survey, according to the Study 13 framework. The results showed that in both frameworks, universities have a medium to high level of adherence, both in the perception of university counselors and through the application of the verification protocol. Opportunities for improvements related to practices in the behavior patterns and control dimension of the Study 13 model were also identified. As a consequence, in the end, a conclusive technical report was presented condensing the main results of this research.
Redução de vogais postônicas mediais na variedade de São Carlos (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Rodrigues, Tiago Pereira; Arantes, Pablo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9358415148282183; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529903522182452
In this doctoral research, we focus on non-final post-stressed vowels, which occur in antepenultimate stress words. Our main goal is to investigate, in the light of Articulatory Phonology, the evident presence and the apparent absence of these vowels. The evident presence of non-final post-stressed vowels is when there are evident visual cues of these vowels in the oscillogram and in the spectrogram. The apparent absence of non-final post-stressed vowels is when there are not evident visual cues of these vowels in the oscillogram and in the spectrogram. We understand both phenomena of evident presence and apparent absence as two faces of a reduction continuum of non-final post-stressed vowels. Our data were collected from two experiments applied to native speakers from the Paulista town of São Carlos. The experiments required oral word production. They allowed us to analyze the hypothesis that the apparent absence of non-final post-stressed vowels tends to be favored by the non-visualization of target words spelling (in this case, the target words are antepenultimate stress words). As regards results, we verified that: (i) in the corpus of this research, the evident presence of non-final post-stressed vowels predominates over the apparent absence of these vowels; (ii) the hypothesis mentioned earlier was not confirmed; (iii) the preceding consonant context and the constriction degree of tongue body gestures involved in the articulation of non-final post-stressed vowels were suggested as the main factor groups that tend to influence the apparent absence of these vowels; (iv) the following consonant context seems to have relevance on this phenomenon; (v) the increase in the duration of preceding consonants tends to influence the duration of the vowels more than the increase in the duration of following consonants; (vi) there is relation between the duration of the vowels and their weakening (we understand weakening as a reduction phenomenon that can be manifested by periodicity loss and an increase in the irregularity of voicing in terms of duration and amplitude of glottal pulses; and (vii) weakening associated to durational decrease tends to be greater for non-final post-stressed vowels than for stressed vowels. Furthermore, we identified, through acoustic analyses, some evidences that can favor the hypothesis that cases of apparent absence of non-final post-stressed vowels can be interpreted as realizations of these vowels totally covered by gestures of adjacent consonants. We compared certain results we obtained for the apparent absence of non-final post-stressed vowels with results obtained by Lima (2008), Ramos (2009) and Silva (2006). These authors investigated what they understand as deletion of non-final post-stressed vowels. From the comparisons, we observed both convergences and divergences between our research and the respective researches by Lima (2008), Ramos (2009) and Silva (2006). Finally, we discussed the concepts of apparent absence, deletion and resyllabification. In doing so, we argued that: (i) apparent absence, contrary to what can be understood as deletion (whether according to traditional theories such as Structuralist Phonology, generative phonologies and Variationist Sociolinguistics or according to Articulatory Phonology), seems not to trigger resyllabification; and (ii) the apparent absence of non-final post-stressed vowels seems not to be influenced by the possibility of violating phonotactic constraints of Portuguese as a function of the hypothesis of what is understood by deletion of non-final post-stressed vowels according to Articulatory Phonology (when no articulatory gestures referring to a non-final post-stressed vowel are activated during speech production).
Avaliação da solidificação e da interface de reação de juntas soldadas de ligas Sn-Bi E Sn-Bi-In em substratos de cobre e níquel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Leal, Jaderson Rodrigo da Silva; Coury, Francisco Gil; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8609825406277730; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-2087; Spinelli, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8882038118634925; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1038; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4133271876897987; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5599-9841
In order to explore the potential of Sn-Bi-In alloy utilization in soldering operations, the present proposal analyzed the influence of In addition (10 wt.%) on solidification, microstructure, wettability, tensile properties, and interfacial characteristics of the Sn-40%Bi (wt.%) alloy soldered on Cu and Ni substrates. Various techniques were employed for this study, including CALPHAD, DSC, SEM, XRD, wettability tests, and tensile tests. Evaluating the solidification of the Sn-40%Bi-10%In alloy can be quite complex due to the different possible reactions during solidification. In this regard, microstructure assessment was conducted via three processing routes: graphite mold, centrifugation in copper mold, and slow cooling in a goniometer. The microstructure consisted of the following phases: β-Sn, Bi, and InBi. While faster cooling facilitated the formation of Bi+BiIn clusters, a coarse lamellar microstructure was observed under slower solidification conditions. Contact angles were measured against copper and nickel: 24.5±4.7° and 26.2±6.0°, respectively. The formation and growth of alloy/Cu and alloy/Ni reaction layers were also evaluated under different aging conditions of the as-soldered joints (100 °C, 110 °C, and 120 °C for 120 h, 240 h, and 360 h), simulating usage conditions, revealing the influence of In in reducing the reaction layer growth. In the Alloy/Cu system, a 15 days aging period promoted a 495% increase in the reaction layer, whereas for the Ni substrate, the increase was 51%. Lastly, the adhesion of the soldered alloy/Cu and alloy/Ni couples was analyzed through tensile tests. It was observed that the alloy/Ni coupled exhibited better adhesion. The average maximum force for the alloy/Ni system was 163.9 N, while for the alloy/Cu was 133.5 N.
Judicialização e ativismo judicial na mídia - os efeitos da COVID-19 na imagem pública do Judiciário brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Ribeiro, Desirée Ferreira Marques; Oliveira, Fabiana Luci de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9487149052862292; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2324-0106; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4448458537304001; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-4549
The research focuses on the public image of the Brazilian Judiciary and aims to analyze its potential influence by historical-contextual factors, as depicted in journalistic portrayals of its performance. The primary objective is to comprehend how the media portrayed the Brazilian Judiciary using the terms "judicialization" and "judicial activism," and to assess whether and how this portrayal was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study encompasses three specific objectives: 1) to comprehend the concepts associated with the terms "judicialization" and "judicial activism" in the twelve months preceding and following the onset of the pandemic; 2) identify the value attributed to these expressions and assess their influence on the public image of the Judiciary; and 3) analyze the thematic framework of news coverage both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research adopts a documentary approach, employing systematic content analysis and thematic framing techniques on news articles published in the Folha de S. Paulo and Globo newspapers from March 20, 2019, to March 20, 2021. The theoretical foundation guiding the analysis revolves around the concept of legitimacy in terms of public support, emphasizing adherence to the values underlying the institution's existence and the decisions it makes. The key finding suggests that the pandemic positively impacted the public image of the Brazilian Judiciary, alleviating persistent criticisms directed at the institution.
O poder político como Agon - O agonismo do jogo e o antagonismo do enfrentamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Silva, Natália Pereira Ribeiro da; Silva, Marisa Lopes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5427042421727621; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-423X; Stival, Monica Loyola Stival; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0624149613819754; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4159-7205; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8193024840402508; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8954-7226
The main objective of this study is to understand and analyze political power as Agon, whose meaning refers to struggle, competition and play, enabling us to distinguish between two categories of power: as “agonism and play” and as “antagonism and confrontation”. . To clarify this distinction we resort to the perspective of two contemporary thinkers. On the one hand, Chantal Mouffe (1996) introduces a conception of combative pluralism under the influence of the Nietzschean notion of “war of the gods”, as for her it is necessary to recognize the limits of pluralism, admitting that there is no “us” without the creation of a "they". From this perspective, Mouffe's central arguments develop through the distinction between (i) “politics” (in the “agonistic” sense of dispute and game), as the set of practices and institutions through which an order is created, thus revealing a shared symbolic terrain, whose presence of the “adversary” is fundamental and necessary for the agon to continue; and (ii) the “political” (as antagonism, presupposing a belligerent spirit, of real combat or war), understood as constitutive of human societies and calling into question the impossibility of common ground between the antagonists. On the other hand, Michel Foucault establishes two definitions of politics: (i) one as a “game” of the different arts of governing; and (ii) the other as “confrontation”, politics as clash and/or shock. Foucault analyzes, in the course In Defense of Society (1975-1976), the paradigm of “war” as an eventual principle in the analysis of power relations. This empirical working hypothesis, called “Nietzsche's Hypothesis”, aims to understand to what extent the binary scheme of war, struggle and confrontation of forces, can be effectively identified as the foundation of social relations, at the same time a principle and driving force for the exercise of political power. This frame of reference allows a comparison between Mouffe and Foucault, verifying to what extent their political categories (agonism/antagonism and game/confrontation) come closer or further apart in their meanings, also considering the reference to Nietzsche as a common point, whether as theoretical contribution or as a working hypothesis.
Perspectivas gramaticais em livros didáticos de português como língua estrangeira: um recorte documental temporal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Barbizan, Eduardo Alves de Deus; Augusto-Navarro, Eliane Hercules; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716027350340906; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1212224184353244
Considering the relevant increase of teaching and learning Portuguese as a Foreign Language in Brazil and abroad (FURTOSO, 2015; IZAKI GÓMEZ, 2018; GRANATO, 2022; CHAMORRO, 2022), along with the fact that the role of grammar in pedagogical activities generally appears isolated from the discursive flows (BATSTONE, 1994; LARSEN-FREEMAN, 2003; SPADA & LIGHTBOWN, 2008), this doctoral dissertation analyzes how grammar teaching activities are presented in three Portuguese as Foreign Language textbooks published over three decades and with a gap of fifteen years between each of them. More specifically, through documentary research, we have analyzed the perspective of the activities that focus on teaching Portuguese as a Foreign Language grammar, based on Batstone's (1994) proposals of grammar as product, process, and skill, to understand the movement in pedagogical activities over the years. The focus on grammar is due to the observation in the classroom practices that learners value its study. We have identified tenuous changes in the types of pedagogical activity proposals that focus on grammar, but with the potential for activities that feature greater contextualization and learners' active involvement in the process of understanding relationships between form, meaning achieved, and Portuguese as a Foreign Language grammar use.
O maternar enlutado: as memórias de uma mãe nos processos de luto e autoconhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-05) Mazzoni, Marcela Fabiana Rodgher; Joaquim, Regina Helena Vitale Torkomian; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7719481657895650; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8752472480250817
Pregnancy includes several transformations, both physical and emotional, including changes in hormones and variations in self-esteem. Neonatal loss constitutes a challenge and is a relevant public health indicator. To promote adequate care for mothers and considering that this loss is one of the most complex daily griefs and has impacts on occupations, identity and social participation, it is necessary to study it. Thus, support groups emerge as a welcoming space and provide a better quality of life for bereaved mothers, enabling the expression of feelings and a sense of belonging. Objective: The objective was to understand the mothering experience in the processes of grief and self-knowledge, and to describe the participation of a bereaved mother in a support group for neonatal loss. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative research, with a case study design, using semi-structured interviews to obtain personal information, the grieving process, before and after the loss and participation in a support group, and the Timeline as an instrument for recording important dates related to participation in the group. Results: Three categories emerged that addressed the impacts on daily life, routine and obstacles in the life of the bereaved mother, the lack of immediate recognition of the maternal occupational identity and the effects of participating in a support group. Conclusion: It is concluded that the mother's strategies, such as the gradual return to activities and her support network to deal with the changes of pregnancy and loss, were essential for her recovery. Furthermore, the construction and recognition of maternal identity, along with changes in daily activities, require time, reframing and support. Participation in a support group also had positive impacts on mourning, adapting to a new routine and facing everyday challenges.