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Modelos para a estimativa de propriedades elásticas em materiais compósitos sanduíche de núcleo honeycomb submetidos à flexão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-12)
Arroyo, Felipe Nascimento
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Pereira Junior, Wanderlei Malaquias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2268506213083114
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7404-3666
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Christoforo, André Luis
Due to their good mechanical performance combined with a low specific weight, sandwich composite materials have been applied in various situations, especially those with a discontinuous honeycomb core geometry, which has motivated the development of research into new materials, which naturally involves the manufacturing route and subsequent characterization. Na flexão, o conhecimento do módulo de elasticidade e da rigidez à flexão do compósito são de fundamental importância para o projeto estrutural, propriedades essas que podem ser determinadas experimentalmente ou estimadas por meio de modelos matemáticos. In the estimation of elastic properties, the ASTM D7250 (2020) standard, for reasons of design safety, disregards the core's influence in the estimation (transformed section method) of bending stiffness. With the aid of structural modeling using the finite element method and statistical analysis, the main objective of this research is to propose equations for estimating the modulus of elasticity and bending stiffness of honeycomb sandwich composites, as well as estimating bending stresses (tension and compression) under service conditions (small displacements - service limit state). After validating the modeling and parametric study (1944 simulations at three and four points, obtaining 972 different results), it was possible to develop new equations with provisions (i.e., R² greater than 0% and, in some cases, greater than 70%) better than the existing equations in the literature (i.e., R² equal to 0%).
Território, Paisagem e Fragmento: análise multiescalar das dinâmicas de supressão regular e irregular de vegetação nativa no estado de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-12)
Gavioli, Felipe Rosafa
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Molin, Paulo Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1529819650942373
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4587-935X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6986957391734201
Combating illegal deforestation is a priority for society and governments, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and conserve biodiversity. Command and control actions take place in a complex manner and are carried out by environmental licensing entities within an institutional arrangement that encompasses a broad legislative apparatus for the protection of native vegetation remnants. One of the aspects of this protective apparatus is the rule established for the regular suppression of vegetation, which, however, is little studied. Knowing the characteristics of the legal suppression of native vegetation can help identify problems and propose improvements in the fiscalization and licensing ecosystem. The present study is part of this context and evaluated the dynamics of regular and irregular suppression in the state of São Paulo between 2009 and 2020, using a multi-scale approach. First, we analyze the processes of regular suppression, fiscalized irregular suppression, unfiscalized irregular suppression and regeneration of native vegetation in the territory of São Paulo, considering a municipal scale, and exploring the factors that induce these processes, using geographic data processing and multiple linear regressions. We found that legal suppression of native vegetation in the state corresponded to only 1.31% of the total suppressed between 2009 and 2020, and fiscalized suppression accounted for 11.14% of the total, meaning that 87.55% of the area of suppressed native vegetation is illegal and not fiscalized. The predominant dynamic in the state is the net regeneration of native vegetation, with 229 thousand hectares regenerated during the study period. The Cerrado presented a more worrying situation of illegal suppression, which reached around 3% of the biome's area in the state during the period studied. Regular suppression is linked to the urban-industrial development of municipalities, while unfiscalized irregular suppression is linked to the availability of road access, gentle slopes and warmer locations. The irregular suppression monitored was related to the percentage of native vegetation coverage in the municipalities and the extension of the municipalities. Then, the study focused on the regular suppressions through Authorizations for the Suppression of Native Vegetation (ASVs), analyzing the insertion of those ASVs in a landscape, considered as a radius buffer surrounding the coordinate point of the ASV. Geospatial and statistical analyzes were carried out on a landscape scale. The regular suppression of native vegetation in São Paulo is marked by small areas, of vegetation in pioneer and initial stages of regeneration, and for urban, agricultural and public works purposes. From a geographical point of view, regular suppression is concentrated in the São Paulo macro-metropolis region. Was identified an important relationship between landscape attributes and the regeneration stage of the ASV vegetation, with earlier stages occurring in more anthropic landscapes, better served by road access and with lower slopes. Based on the results obtained, improvements are suggested in government actions to combat illegal deforestation, as well as point out proposals for future studies. The results obtained can help in understanding the drivers of native vegetation suppression in the state, which contributes to the constant improvement of public forest management, management and conservation policies.
Escola e escolares: a pandemia da Covid-19 pela perspectiva de educadoras e educadores da rede pública de Rio Claro – SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-12)
Morais, Nattany Ribeiro de
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Matsukura, Thelma Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5611215381682164
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3812-3893
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0093134134165417
The COVID-19 pandemic has had extensive impacts on various spheres of society, including health, economy, education and daily routines. The education sector, in turn, faced significant challenges during the pandemic period, such as the total suspension of classes, the distancing of the population from the school environment for a long period, the lack of articulation from the Ministry of Education, the differences regional areas and scarce material and human resources, especially in the public sphere. Some studies indicated that during the period of social isolation, schoolchildren had impacts on their mental health, such as fear of contamination, frustration and irritability. Other dimensions verified, among the impacts generated by social isolation, included domestic violence, parents' difficulty in supervising their children and worsening social vulnerability. Teachers, who were already facing devaluing speeches on a daily basis, were also impacted in their personal and professional lives, and were thrown into a narrative that called on them to make profound changes in the way of being, thinking and conducting their teaching practices. National studies, although understandably carried out, for the most part, through devices connected to the internet, focused on aspects related to the possible impacts generated by the pandemic, with students as the main focus and, considering in particular, the period of greater social isolation. The results indicated the vulnerability to which both students and teachers would be exposed and highlighted the importance of continuing and deepening investigations throughout the pandemic context. The present study aimed to understand the socio-emotional conditions of public elementary school students and teachers throughout the pandemic, from the perspective of educators in a medium-sized municipality in the state of São Paulo. This is an exploratory study with a qualitative approach, which involved the participation of sixteen elementary school teachers from the public school system in a medium-sized municipality in the state of São Paulo. To collect data, a semi-structured interview guide was used that covered everything from different moments of the pandemic that had implications on the school routine to the resumption of in-person teaching. The interviews completed by the participants were transcribed and analyzed using the Collective Subject Discourse method. From the teachers' perspective, the results revealed the impacts of the pandemic on the daily lives of students and their families throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the increase in some vulnerabilities such as, for example, unemployment, loss of loved ones dear greater exposure of children to situations of domestic violence, and also, losses in learning, delays in socio-emotional development, among others, were observed. The relevance of the place and the role of teachers and school in the lives of students was revealed beyond the aspects already widely known, with emphasis on the teachers' acute sensitivity and recognition of the students' reality; relationships of affection, care and attention; sharing and different demands entrusted by students and/or family members to teachers, among others. In relation to the teachers themselves and their experiences and challenges throughout the pandemic, the study revealed that the abrupt break in contact impacted the mental health of the interviewees by requiring them to adapt to new technologies and increasing work overload, resulting from the preparation of materials, and the requirement of support for students and families. Furthermore, teachers were the target of criticism, demands and, at times, unfairly blamed. The profound impact of the pandemic on the experiences of students and educators, emphasizing the protective role of the school, was highlighted. The need for support, training and effective strategies to deal with the complexities imposed by the pandemic in the educational context is discussed. The gap in listening to teachers was highlighted, highlighting the importance of listening to them in person at such a delicate time.
Nanofibras de poli(álcool vinílico) e zeína incorporadas com micronutriente para revestimento de sementes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-13)
Natarelli, Caio Vinicius Lima
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Oliveira, Juliano Elvis de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4990968421738051
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9570-8308
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Marconcini, José Manoel
The development of seed coatings with a controlled release of micronutrients is extremely important for sustainable and precision agriculture. However, the selection of suitable materials for this purpose represents a challenge, given the complexity in processing immiscible or partially miscible polymers. Techniques for producing nanofibers, such as solution blow spinning, emerge as alternatives for the production of these materials. In this context, the present study aimed to produce nanofibers from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and zein, two immiscible polymers, and characterize them. In addition to producing nanofibers with incorporated zinc, a micronutrient, so that they act as a coating capable of releasing micronutrients during plant germination and growth. Nanofiber mats were obtained from polymeric solutions with different proportions of PVA and zein, obtaining materials with properties dependent on their formulation. The surface properties of the mats were significantly changed by increasing the zein content (> 37.5%), changing the surface hydrophilicity to hydrophobicity. This increase also reduced the erosion capacity of the nanofibers, while fungal susceptibility was increased. However, the high porosity of the mats (> 80%) provided high permeability to water vapor. With encapsulation efficiency greater than 90%, nanofiber mats incorporated with zinc were produced with a two-step release profile, a rapid initial release followed by a slow release, associated with the zinc reservoir in the nanofibers. Due to their biodegradability, nanofibers were applied as a seed coating, which were subsequently subjected to germination testing. With this, it was confirmed that the released zinc was absorbed by the seedlings, acting as a fertilizer to aid plant growth. Therefore, it can be concluded that PVA and zein nanofibers are a promising material and can be used in several applications, including the proposed one.
A historicidade biológica da cor da pele dos seres humanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-13)
Campos, Vitória Emanoely Castro
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Silva, Mariana Martha de Cerqueira Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6083262350667325
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3445-7271
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9714683481442492
Skin color is one of the most notable physical characteristics in individuals, and is often used to create stereotypes of inferiority, reinforcing prejudices and racism. According to the Demographic Census carried out by IBGE, in 2022, considering the race-color aspect, 45.30% of Brazilians declare themselves mixed race and 10.20% declare themselves black. The black population (the sum of browns and blacks) therefore represents 55.50% of Brazilians. Understanding the history and biology of different skin tones, as well as the ancient civilizations that preceded us, is of fundamental importance for breaking paradigms created based on certain phenotypes. Observing the absence of discussion of ethnic-racial relations in Biological Sciences disciplines, the present work aims to discuss the contributions of human evolution studies to the understanding of the biological historicity that explains the skin color of human beings. As a result, an informative booklet was produced on this topic, to scientifically disseminate the content to, mainly, young audiences. In order to collaborate with an anti-racist education perspective, the objective is that such knowledge becomes curricular content in Basic Education schools and Higher Education courses.
Os valores presentes na educação sexual do ensino de ciências das escolas paulistas: possibilidades a partir de uma ótica freireana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-14)
Castro, Rafael Borba de
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Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2005109500506193
The validity of what is worthy and natural to be taught and learned, in the family, at school and in the most diverse spaces through which most people go through life, has a history. Which will be told in this work, which seeks to understand how the teaching practice of Science Education teachers select or fail to select content about Sexual Education, denouncing how sexual violence and the practice of Closet Pedagogy, historically establishes the ground the school is a space reserved for the expression of the sexuality of a few. These few find in a false idea of belonging the right to monitor, punish and abstain from sexual violence. The naturalization of this violence is a reflection of a society that organizes itself with the purpose of subjugating social, political and sexual minorities in Brazil. Public policies aimed at the field of education corroborate the problems surrounding the theme of Sexual Education, such as the Curriculum Paulista, which presents itself as an impartial and neutral document, which ends up giving positive signs for the reproduction of this violence. In this way, we try to look at the relationship between the commodification of life, education and sexuality in relation to the advancement of capitalism. In this way, in a collective way, the participation of teachers, through semi-structured interviews, Critical Discourse Analysis, having as a guide the ideals of Paulo Freire and other Marxist thinkers, this discussion is constructed, aiming, after the denunciation displayed here , announce: is it possible to build an Emancipatory Sexual Education, which takes into account the existence of subjects beyond a Eurocentric framework?
Estimativa do módulo de elasticidade transversal para madeiras de espécies nativas via ensaios de flexão estática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-14)
Aguiar, Fabricio da Silva
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Lahr, Francisco Antonio Rocco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2333091200416653
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3510-8498
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Christoforo, André Luis
Wood has been playing a key role in civil construction due to its structural and, especially, sustainable properties. The transverse elasticity modulus (G) is an important elastic property for the proper analysis and dimensioning of structural components. However, its determination for native wood species in Brazil lacks a standardized experimental test. Faced with this gap, this study addresses the estimation of the shear modulus (G) for tropical woods through static bending tests. For this purpose, the influence of deformations due to shear forces on the deflection of beam elements was investigated, as well as the comparison of using static bending tests at three and four points in estimating the longitudinal and transverse elasticity modulus. Six different native species were employed in the study: Pequiá (Caryocar villosum), Marupá (Simarouba amara), Cupiúba (Goupia glabra), Sapucaia (Lecythis spp.), Tatajuba (Bagassa guianensis), and Roxinho (Peltogyne spp.), and the tests were conducted according to three standards (ABNT NBR 7190-3:2022, ISO/FDIS 13910:2014, and BS EN 408:2010). The results showed that for the ratio between span and cross-sectional height equal to or less than 18, deformations due to shearing significantly influence the calculation of the longitudinal elasticity modulus (E). Furthermore, the three-point static bending test proved more suitable for estimating G. The ratio between longitudinal and transverse elasticity modulus varied from G=E/5 to G=E/18, diverging from the Brazilian standard results.
Evolução da qualidade da água do Reservatório Guarapiranga (SP) pormeio de longa série temporal e histórico de mortandades de peixes na Bacia do Guarapiranga: a importância do monitoramento ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-14)
Deus, Adriana Castilho Costa Ribeiro de
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Souza, Iara da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5391583114634391
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2726-3313
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Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva
The threat to aquatic ecosystems is global and will only get worse with climate change. Continuous monitoring and assessment of aquatic ecosystems is necessary. The use of indices is recommended for monitoring, as they summarize the technical complexity of the results of the variables and translate these results into quality classes. The Trophic State Index (TSI) and the Aquatic Life Protection Index (API) were applied to a long data series to monitor the Guarapiranga Reservoir, an urban reservoir in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, which suffers from urban settlement in its surroundings and the discharge of domestic wastewater. The evaluation of the time series from 1978 to 2021 with these indices showed a deterioration in the trophic status and conservation of aquatic life in the reservoir and in one of the tributaries. The results showed that the two indices are suitable for application in a baseline network in subtropical environments. They are able to indicate locations for improved monitoring and are sensitive to environmental changes. The study conducted by CETESB of fish kill ocurrences in the Guarapiranga reservoir catchment in the metropolitan region of São Paulo from 1983 to 2021 showed both spatial and temporal changes in the quality of the catchment. During the period studied, 49 cases of fish kills were reported in the Guarapiranga catchment. The loss of aquatic ecosystem quality due to unplanned colonization was reflected in the high number of fish kills in the 1980s and 1990s. The Guarapiranga Reservoir, which receives water from the basin, also concentrated the result of this expansion of the basin's catchment area and over the years exhibited severe eutrophication, cyanobacteria blooms and the effects of algaecide application. The information obtained from the monitoring of fish mortality in the Guarapiranga basin has shown that this ecological indicator can provide important information on changes in water quality and the socio-ecological environment.
Financeirização e ascensão das plataformas: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-14)
Silva, Felipe Marques e
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Saltorato, Patrícia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4086015205835355
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4089-2547
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2984841548009226
The financialization of the economy is a process observed since the last decades of the 20th century and has introduced the dynamics of financial markets where they did not exist before, altering the logic of supply chain management of organizations. These characteristics, combined with technological advancements, have contributed to the rise of companies such as Amazon, Facebook, Google, and Uber, which have created online structures that enable a wide range of human activities, promoting radical changes in how we work, socialize, create value in the economy, and compete for resulting profits. Understanding how these organizations function and the new dynamics brought about by financialization can have important implications for academia and society. Thus, the aim of this master's thesis was to explore the dynamics of financialization in the context of the emergence and rise of platform companies, focusing on implications for the organizational, economic, and social contexts. To achieve this, we conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines and lexical analysis using the iramuteq software to characterize the literature that addressed the topics of financialization and platform companies. Additionally, we conducted a single case study to observe the financialization process of the Uber company. The systematic review and textual analysis of the abstracts of the documents that comprised the sample identified 4 classes with the main themes addressed in the literature: Shareholder Value and Data Capitalism; Platforms and Gentrification; Sharing Economy, Neoliberalism, and Labor on platforms; and Platforms and Power. In the case study on Uber, we explored indicators previously brought by other authors and new indicators characteristic of platforms: Comparison between sources of profitability; Ownership composition and share acquisitions; Mergers and acquisitions; Origin of executives; Executive compensation payments; Dividend payments to shareholders; Employee salaries; Employment; Influence of Venture Capital; and Tax structure. The results showed that Uber exhibits typical characteristics of what the literature presents about financialization; however, it also presents other important aspects that deviate from trends highlighted in previous research, such as patient investment from venture capitalists in the company. We also observed that the financialization structure adopted by the company seems to be the main aspect responsible for the social and economic imbalances and inequalities observed in its structure, distorting its discourse of integration into the sharing economy. We understand that the exploration of this phenomenon is essential for the fields of economic sociology, which may have in its references, methodologies, and approaches the tools capable of unraveling the specificities and nuances brought by platforms and their operation from financialization.
Estudos do uso de cistatinas visando a resistência à Diaphorina citri, inseto vetor da doença Huanglongbing (HLB), via CTV (Vírus da Tristeza dos Citros) na planta, e ensaios de interação patógeno-vetor com ênfase nas catepsinas B e L-like
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-15)
Rocha, Sâmara Vieira
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Fuentes, Andrea Soares da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2426157257540389
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7379-1136
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1016267748434919
Brazilian citrus farming is one of the most important agricultural activities for the national economy, with Brazil being the world's leading producer of oranges and the largest exporter of concentrated and frozen citrus juice. Citrus groves, however, are constantly suffering from various phytosanitary problems, especially Huanglongbing (HLB), which has caused serious damage to citrus farming, since contaminated plants have smaller fruit, a higher degree of acidity, and a lower percentage of juice. The disease is mainly associated with the presence of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which colonizes the phloem vessels and is transmitted to citrus plants by the psyllid Diaphorina citri. In the absence of strategies to control the CLas bacterium, the emphasis has been on controlling D. citri. Therefore, this study aimed to use a vector based on the Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV) to overexpress the cystatins CclemCPI-1 and CsinCPI-2, to inhibit target peptidases in the D. citri psyllid. In addition, studies were carried out to understand the localization and gene and protein expression of D. citri cysteine peptidases in the presence or absence of CLas bacteria. Feeding bioassays were carried out with the psyllids using an artificial diet containing the recombinant citrus cystatins and were tested at three stages of D. citri development: egg, nymph and adult, in order to investigate the result of protein interactions (cystatins-peptidases) at different stages of development, as well as in the presence or absence of the bacterium associated with HLB. As for the results obtained, in citrus plants infected with the CTV vector, systemic infection was verified and the presence of the CTV-cystatins construct was confirmed. In the biological tests carried out with the CTV-cystatin plants, D. citri insects were confined, but the plants overexpressing the cystatins were not effective in reducing the viability/quantity of D. citri eggs and nymphs, which requires further investigation and repetition of the test adopted in this work. However, the importance of the psyllid's target peptidases was confirmed, especially in the presence of the CLas bacterium, which indicates their participation in the insect's defense responses. However, the presence of the bacterium is supposed to be a limiting factor for the efficacy of the cystatins, where populations free of the bacterium show a greater population reduction concerning the effect of the inhibiting protein when compared to insects contaminated by the bacterium. As for the developmental stages evaluated, the nymphs proved to be more susceptible to cystatin-mediated inhibition, with this stage being more effective for controlling the insect when using the recombinant proteins compared to the adult stage. A test carried out during the hatching of D. citri eggs in an artificial medium containing the cystatin CsinCPI-2 proved promising since the cystatin present in the artificial diet was supposedly able to interfere with the emergence of first-stage nymphs by reducing the hatching of the insect's eggs by 53.8%. These results require further investigation. Nevertheless, the use of cystatins to control D. citri is still highly promising and it is hoped that soon they will effectively form part of the establishment of citrus crops resistant to the HLB vector, as an effective but sustainable management strategy.
Produção de atlas municipais no Brasil: estado do conhecimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-15)
Santana, Rodrigo Bozzola de Castro e
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Melo, Ismail Barra Nova de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3576937472687059
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5177-4151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0251474547341483
Maps have been fundamental throughout history for representing space, making the interpretation of locations more effective. Beyond simple static images, they are configured as tools capable of contextual reading. In the educational sphere, school atlases play a crucial role in the teaching of Geography, constituting valuable learning tools. Adopting the state of knowledge approach, a survey of publications on municipal school atlases in Brazil was conducted using the CAPES Theses and Dissertations Catalog and the descriptors "atlas + escolares", resulting in 15 works after a careful filtering process. The analysis of the works demonstrated the breadth of themes addressed by researchers, ranging from teacher training to innovative proposals such as Digital Atlases and the interface between Geography and cinema. The convergence around the concept of place was observed in several studies, while others explored themes such as the evolution of basic education in Brazil and the positive impact of municipal electronic Atlases. The use of municipal atlases in schools stands out as a significant resource for teaching, highlighting its adaptability, innovation, and formative potential. However, there are challenges, such as the scarcity of regional materials and the need for effective integration into the curriculum, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between researchers and educators. Gaps in research were identified, such as the multidisciplinary approach to the use of atlases, the evaluation of the impact of their use on students, the exploration of emerging technologies such as augmented reality, and sustainable strategies for continuous use. This research contributes not only to the current understanding of works on municipal school atlases but also points to promising directions for improvement and investigation in the field of the study of municipal school atlases in education.
Padrões e processos espaço-temporais da diversidade taxonômica e funcional de peixes de recifes rochosos de duas ilhas costeiras em área marinha protegida, sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-15)
Carminatto, Amanda Aparecida
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Rotundo, Matheus Marcos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0635247128965679
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1886-5320
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Petrere Junior, Miguel
In Brazil, most studies tend to focus on fish communities during the day and specific seasons. However, this approach overlooks temporal variations, such as the seasonal and diurnal cycles. Considering these variations is essential to understand the dynamics and adaptation of reef fish, especially in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). Environmental conditions and ecological interactions have the potential to shape species distribution patterns. Ecomorphological attributes are often employed to assess the functional diversity of fish, with studies in this area if morphological variation leads to functional and performance differences resulting in resource usage disparities. Given the importance of comprehensively assessing the structure of rocky reef fish communities in MPAs exposed to seasonal and diurnal variations, this thesis aimed to explore spatial and temporal variations in fish communities, considering different aspects of taxonomic and functional diversity. Specifically, the study sought to (i) characterize the composition and similarity of fish fauna in the rocky reefs of Ilha Anchieta State Park (PEIA) and Ilha do Mar Virado (IMV) on the northern coast of SP, based on seasonal, diurnal, temperature, and depth variations; (ii) understand the spatial-temporal patterns and processes of fish richness and abundance on these islands across environmental gradients, assess whether the abundance distribution pattern remains the same for schooling and non-schooling species, and evaluate the effect of fishing restriction polygons for conservation and target species; (iii) characterize the reef fish occupation in different microhabitats of rocky reefs and investigate whether ecomorphological attributes explain this occupation. The study was conducted on two coastal islands in southeastern Brazil using images generated by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) during the seasonal cycle of 2022 and samplings during day and night. A total of 16,661 individuals belonging to 81 species, 2 classes, 21 orders, and 38 families were observed. Significant differences in species composition and abundance were found among islands, climatic seasons, diurnal periods, and depth levels. The study emphasizes the importance of nocturnal research, considering the influence of artificial light on fish behavior. Significant factors explaining total numerical abundance and abundance of schooling and non-schooling species included islands, diurnal period, climatic season, depth, temperature, and the interaction between islands and depth, with the addition of interaction between specific factors in each behavior. Factors significant for explaining richness were the diurnal period, interaction between islands, and the diurnal period and Michaelis-Menten model parameters. The composition and occurrence proportion of target fishing species were influenced by the island factor, while conservation target species occurred randomly, regardless of the island. Ecomorphological attributes explained approximately 35% of the variation in species abundance in microhabitats. The results highlight the importance of habitat diversity in generating distinct morphological and functional adaptations in reef fish. Additionally, they indicate that rocky reefs in MPAs offer opportunities for ecomorphological diversification, influencing the dynamics and composition of fish communities. This study provides valuable insights into the dynamics of reef fish communities, emphasizing the significance of environmental and anthropogenic factors in their structure and composition. These findings can guide conservation and management strategies to preserve marine biodiversity in protected areas.
Síntese de compostos contendo N-heterociclos de 5 membros e avaliação da atividade biológica frente a NS3 Helicase do vírus Zika
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-15)
Vidal, Hérika Danielle Almeida
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Corrêa, Arlene Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7425467156776144
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-2228
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3323035939732684
Epidemiological and biological studies have shown that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is strongly associated with neonatal microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. To date, there is no vaccine and/or efficient drug that can control this virus. A promising, but little explored, target in drug discovery against ZIKV is the non-structural protein 3 (NS3). In this work, fragment-based drug discovery using high-throughput screening (HTS) experiments showed that a hydantoin derivative and an oxadiazole derivative were located at RNA site and therefore considered promising as ligands of the ZIKV NS3 helicase. Based on these results, compounds containing hydantoin and/or oxadiazole were synthesized. Among the various methods used are multicomponent reactions (MCR), such as the Ugi-split reaction, which offer a sustainable approach and allow for broad structural variability. Coupling reagents, such as TBTU, HATU and Mukaiyama, were also used for amide and ester formation reactions. Bioisosteric substitutions of oxadiazole with piperazine and triazole, obtained through the copper-catalyzed azido-alkyne cycloaddition reaction, were also explored. In parallel, the synthesis of highly substituted δ-lactams was studied in a one-pot reaction, through intramolecular Michael addition of Ugi products. Despite the limitations, the method presents a versatile and easy-to-manipulate approach that guides the precepts of Green Chemistry. Regarding biological evaluation, it was possible to demonstrate, through thermal and in vitro tests, that the proposed N-heterocycle derivatives are promising for the development of drugs that can act against ZIKV.
Aulas de educação física na perspectiva do currículo cultural: tecendo caminhos com o futebol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-15)
Munhoz, Janaina de Freitas
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Ramos, Glauco Nunes Souto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0134679842280022
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2644-2838
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8862060621433432
Physical Education in Brazilian schools has changed over the years, as has the society to which it belongs. Initially it was characterized as an activity and, over the years with discussions, disputes, mistakes and successes, it arrived, in the 1980s, in the so-called “renovating movement”, seeking to insert reflections on the practice. At the beginning of the 21st century, with post-critical theories, the Cultural Curriculum of Physical Education (CCEF) emerged, which is anchored in the cultural diversity of society and school, seeking work alternatives that respect and exalt differences. Given the above, the present work aimed to analyze a teaching proposal from the perspective of the CCEF in the early years of elementary school. Qualitative research with participant characteristics was used, with 26 second-year elementary school students from a public municipal school in Ribeirão Preto/SP. Information collection was carried out through class diaries produced by the Physical Education teacher-researcher for 22 classes with a football theme. From data analysis, three categories were created, namely: a) more experienced player: being a teacher with expectations, difficulties and legal/bureaucratic attributions, which focuses on the analysis of the teacher who sought to innovate and develop her work within the CCEF , however, he came across his previous experiences that influence his classes; b) challenging players: being a child and creating their own paths and learning, which focuses on children who are also active actors in classes and challenge the teacher to think and constantly re-plan; c) playing with the Cultural Curriculum: the new one that comes from the Physical Education Cultural Curriculum, which highlights the space in which the different ones are found and delimits the rules of pedagogical work from the perspective of the CCEF. The work showed that difficulties were faced in creating this curriculum, given the contradictions and learning that occurred, on the part of the children and the teacher-researcher, during the process. From this pedagogical experience it was possible to learn more about how the CCEF materialized with a second-year class of elementary school and, from there, suggest that new studies be carried out so that we can increasingly know and recognize the Cultural Education Curriculum Physical.
A estrutura semântica interna de orações adverbiais temporais introduzidas por quando e realizadas pelo futuro do subjuntivo: uma abordagem funcionalista
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-15)
Firmino, Lucas Henrique Xavier da Costa
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Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2358037322007804
The objective of this dissertation is to describe and analyze the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects involved in the interpretation of the internal semantic structure of temporal adverbial clauses introduced by the conjunction when and carried out by the future subjunctive, in contemporary written Portuguese. This work found theoretical support in Discursive-Functional Grammar (2008), especially leading to the analysis of temporal adverbial clauses, here focused on the representational level of Discursive-Functional Grammar. Furthermore, other formal and functional criteria were taken into analysis, such as: the manifest temporal mode, the order of sentences, referential coherence, type of entity, temporal reference, factuality and presupposition. In this study, 1.003 (one thousand and three) data from the written language were considered, found in the Portuguese Corpus, which made it possible to carry out a synchronic and contemporary analysis of the object for this chosen work. I observed that the mode-temporal manifestation between the temporal clause and the nucleus is, predominantly, carried out by the future of the subjunctive (in the temporal) and present of the indicative (in the nucleus), other verbal modes and tenses are present in the nucleus clause, which creates a variability of temporal-mode combinations and readings (it is important to point out that the focus of this research is on the analysis of the temporal adverbial with future value); in addition to the verb ‘estar’ being the most productive in temporal prayer with future meaning. It was also found that they can appear as being of second order, with a dependent, non-factual and non-presupposed temporal reference; can appear as second-order, with independent temporal reference, being non-factual and non-presupposed and, finally, they can also appear as third-order, with independent temporal reference, being non-factual and not presupposed.
Graduação em medicina: uma reflexão sobre o papel da pesquisa científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-16)
Gomes, Luíza Ferreira
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Carbol, Maristela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9852217198710064
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1192-7149
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3902930721945307
The objective of this work was to reflect on the role of scientific research in personal and professional development during medical school, a reflection generated through the study "Intentional behavior of university students regarding the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC)." It analyzed the behavioral intention of UFSCar university students regarding the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARC), based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The paper begins with a reflective account followed by the complete citation of the mentioned study.
Microstructure, corrosion, and wear resistance of a boron-modified duplex stainless steel produced by laser powder bed fusion
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-18)
Freitas, Brenda Juliet Martins
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Koga, Guilherme Yuuki
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0933095081175012
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0792-1139
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
A duplex stainless steels (DSS) containing 0.3 and 0.6 wt.% of boron were produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBD) with parameters based on Box-Behnken design. The microstructure was evaluated by XRD, OM, SEM, EBSD, TEM, and ASTAR. Additionally, the alloys were characterized by Vickers microhardness, reciprocating pin-on-plate wear test in sliding mode, and the electrochemical behavior was assessed by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation tests in chloride electrolyte. The results were compared to a pure duplex stainless steel obtained by hot-rolling and by LPBF. Hot-rolled pure DSS presents a dual-phase (α+γ) microstructure with elongated grains along the rolling axis, whereas the as-built LPBF pure DSS exhibits coarsened columnar δ-Fe grains parallel to the building direction. In contrast, boron addition promoted an outstanding grain refinement, resulting in a microstructure non-textured microstructure and composed of refined equiaxed δ-Fe grains with Cr2B nanoborides decorating the grain boundaries. Such excellent grain refinement is ascribed to the segregation of boron and accumulation of a boron-enriched boundary layer ahead of the growing solid-liquid interface during LPBF solidification. Regarding hardness and wear resistance, compared to the commercial hot-rolled DSS, the LPBF-produced pure DSS presented enhanced hardness and wear resistance, which are further increased by boron addition. Moreover, LPBF-produced boron-containing stainless steel revealed high pitting resistance, great repassivation ability, and unsensitized microstructure in 0.6M NaCl solution, being comparable to pure DSS produced by LPBF and by hot-rolling. Therefore, the addition of boron is responsible for the formation of a wear- and corrosion-resistant ultrafine-grained LPBF-produced stainless steel, opening the possibility of applying this material in challenging environments givens its excellent basket of electrochemical and tribological properties.
Em razão de sua raça: os impactos psicossociais das desqualificações das masculinidades negras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-18)
Oliveira, Daniel Amâncio de
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Garcia, Marcos Roberto Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911188481669270
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-2923
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5501964145309147
The construction of Brazil intertwined with racism is marked by the exploitation and subjugation of black bodies, equating them to commodities, devoid of humanity. The black male figure, as history demonstrates, has faced numerous attempts of annihilation, both literal and symbolic, whether in the post-abolition whitening policies, in the ongoing mass incarceration where prisons are predominantly occupied by black men with low education levels, in psychiatric institutions (psychiatric hospitals and therapeutic communities), in police violence rates, or in the construction of harmful stereotypes that evoke fear and prejudice in social relations. This research sought to present and contribute to the dialogue about masculinities and mental health among the black population, focusing on the psychosocial impacts in the construction of black masculinity in Brazilian society and worldwide, due to the systematic process of disqualifying their existences. The main objective of this dissertation was to investigate the consequences of racism on health processes and the possible psychological suffering of black men, based on interviews with four of them. Through the episodic analysis chosen with Kilomba (2019), it was possible to identify the following psychosocial impacts: difficulty in constructing a positive self-identity, internalization of negative stereotypes about black men, such as the need to perform high sexual performance, virile masculinity, self-pressure to be the best, not having the right to make mistakes, feelings of neglect and rejection. Additionally, we also found impaired social relations and concrete disadvantages due to social readings derived from colonial fantasies that depict them as dangerous and hypersexualized, corresponding to a process of objectification and inferiorization. Beyond our initial hypothesis, it was also possible to identify various forms of coping and constructing positive identities capable of subverting negative stereotypes and some oppressions, as well as discovering support networks that strengthen this resistance, such as family of origin, religion, romantic relationships, mental health care, and "aquilombamento". Thus, possible pathways are pointed out for an approach and adequate support in the mental health care of black men from an anti-racist, anti-colonial, anti-asylum, and anti-medicalization perspective.
Estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea em mulheres com dismenorreia primária: estudo clínico randomizado com avaliação econômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-18)
Rodrigues, Jessica Cordeiro
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Vera, Mariana Arias Avila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5905617922199364
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5081-5326
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Driusso, Patricia
Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a gynecological disorder characterized by pain in the abdominal or pelvic region before or during menstruation in the absence of any pelvic disease. Although Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is used to relieve pain associated with PD, its cost-effectiveness and cost-utility remain poorly understood. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate TENS can be effective in treating PD symptoms and determine the cost-effectiveness associated with TENS in treating PD symptoms. Materials and methods: This study included 174 women between 18 and 45 years, with menstrual pain ≥ 4 points on the Numerical Pain Scale (END), randomized (1:1:1) by draw into 3 groups of treatment, with 58 participants in each group: aTENS (intervention group), pTENS (placebo group) and educational booklet group. The protocol consisted of 3 sessions, held once a month, for 30 minutes. In the intervention and placebo groups, a frequency of 100Hz and a pulse duration of 200μs were applied. However, in the placebo group, the current was only delivered during the first 30 seconds. Participants in the educational booklet group received guidance on health promotion and education actions related to PD. Outcomes were assessed by END, Generic six-dimensional short form quality of life questionnaire (SF-6D) and Economic Assessment Form. Assessments occurred at 2 moments: before treatment and after the 3rd month of follow-up. Statistical analysis: Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the intensity of dysmenorrhea pain due to END between the groups in the first, second and third evaluation after the protocol. For the cost-utility analysis, the QALY obtained during treatment was used. Cost-effectiveness measures were estimated in Brazilian currency (R$), while outcomes were indicated by the clinical event "pain". A significance level of 5% was adopted. Statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program. Results: TENS demonstrated to be more effective than placebo TENS and educational booklet in improving clinical results over 3 months of treatment. Furthermore, TENS presented an incremental cost-effectiveness of R$0.43/no occurrence of pain. Additionally, it was estimated that each 0.01 QALY increase with TENS has a cost of R$22.25. Conclusion: TENS is a cost-effective treatment option that can be used by policymakers to improve PD care in public and private healthcare systems.
Aplicação industrial do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar como fonte de energia alternativa na produção do cimento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-03-18)
Lima, Leonardo Moreira de
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Belini, Gabriela Bertoni
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1833991005624421
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7231-694X
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Yamaji, Fábio Minoru
Among the costs involved in cement production, energy consumption deserves to be highlighted as one of the most relevant factors in the production cost. The search for fuel sources from alternative sources can be a solution to reduce dependence on the use of fossil fuels. The objective of this work was to study the feasibility of co-processing by burning sugarcane bagasse in a pre-calciner. Approximately 98 tons of sugarcane bagasse were used as an alternative fuel. The industrial-scale test was monitored for 16 hours. The average feed flow into the pre-calciner was approximately 6 tons per hour of sugarcane bagasse, combined with 7.8 tons per hour of petroleum coke. The results showed that the thermal replacement of part of the fossil fuel (17%) by sugarcane biomass did not have a significant impact on the quality of the material produced. The use of this residue as an alternative fuel enabled a reduction in costs related to fossil fuel of R$1,067/hour. Estimating that the equipment remains in operation for 10 months, this would represent savings of R$ 7.679.160/year. Sugarcane bagasse can be used as co-fuel in a pre-calciner, without reducing the performance of the equipment and without altering the properties of the flour, and as a consequence, the properties of the clinker and Portland cement produced.