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Fragmentação socioespacial em Sorocaba: o caso dos residenciais Carandá e Altos do Ipanema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-03)
Carvalho, Gabriel Esmeraldino de
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Silva, Carlos Henrique Costa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5444248390841543
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-7268
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9256159200720338
The process of socio-spatial fragmentation was theorized as an element in the production and consumption of urban space in metropolises. However, this process has also been recorded in medium-sized cities. In this context, the city of Sorocaba is inserted, an important city in the interior of São Paulo whose recent expansion of its urban area and its accelerated growth have registered characteristic elements of socio-spatial fragmentation. In the municipality, there is a growth in closed subdivisions, self-segregated spaces, and in peripheral areas, spaces segregated by imposition. The focus given is on the case study of the Carandá and Altos do Ipanema subdivisions, which are sets of buildings resulting from public housing policies, but built in remote areas, difficult to access, with no basic shops and dependent on a network of Public transport is still lacking and focused on the central region of the city, which makes access to other locations difficult. The analysis methodology is based on interviews with local residents, since the analysis of everyday life is seen as the main element of understanding the lived space and the consequences of socio-spatial fragmentation. Therefore, elements related to consumption, leisure and mobility in the daily lives of the interviewees are investigated.
Tradução, adaptação cultural e validação da RIS Eldercare Self-Efficacy Scale (Escala de Autoeficácia do Cuidador de Pessoas Idosas)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-03)
Alves, Ludmyla Caroline de Souza
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Pavarini, Sofia Cristina Iost
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1983620301963081
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9359-8600
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Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
Caregiver self-efficacy can be understood as the ability they believe they have to perform a task. Instruments that assess this domain can help in the construction of interventions capable of positively impacting the care process. Therefore, the translation and adaptation of instruments such as the RIS Eldercare Self-Efficacy Scale is important for the Brazilian context. Objective: Translate, culturally adapt and validate the RIS Eldercare Self-Efficacy Scale for the Brazilian context in informal caregivers of people living with dementia. Method: Study of the methodological type for translation and cultural adaptation of the instrument entitled RIS Eldercare Self-Efficacy Scale for the Brazilian context, for informal caregivers of people living with dementia. The translation process was carried out by qualified translators, following the steps recommended in the literature. For cultural adaptation, a committee of experts was formed, who analyzed the data in a descriptive way, and the validity of the content through the Content Validity Index. For validation, people aged 18 or over, literate and who were informal caregivers of a person living with dementia participated online. Data on sociodemographic characterization, self-efficacy (RIS Eldercare Self-Efficacy Scale), overload (Zarit Overload Inventory), and anxious and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) were collected from 100 participants. All ethical precepts were respected. For data analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was carried out to verify the structure of the Brazilian version of the RIS Eldercare Self-Efficacy Scale, adopting the same evaluation criteria as the original version of the scale. After the CFA, Spearman Correlation tests were performed and internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For statistical tests, a significance level of 5% was adopted (p value ≤ 0.05). Results: After translation and back-translation, word adaptations were necessary for better understanding by caregivers, as well as adjustments in the writing of answer options, authorized by the author of the original version. Content and semantic validation were achieved. The content validity coefficient was greater than 0.80. Final considerations: After the established methodological steps, the scale was adapted to Brazilian culture, presenting conceptual, semantic and cultural equivalence, compared to the original version. Therefore, the scale can be used to assess the self-efficacy of informal caregivers of elderly people living with dementia.
A cana-de-açúcar como uma questão sociocientífica no ensino de ciências para a justiça social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-03)
Gomes, Amanda Eloisa Ribeiro
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Lopes, Nataly Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0285391776145231
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1490334234642832
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https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2915-7734
With the increasing advancement of technology, access to news and information has become increasingly easier. However, this ease of access to the network has caused many doubts regarding the sources of the information, since disinformation content has spread with equal ease and speed. To form subjects capable of acting in these situations, we believe that education must be liberating and dialogic, in order to overcome accommodation based on a critical attitude (Freire, 2023). One of the ways to carry out this liberating education is from socio-scientific issues (SSI), that is, controversial situations that promote teaching focused on discussions of an ethical, social and political nature, seeking to raise awareness among students, based on themes close to their life realities. Furthermore, we recognize the need for science teaching that promotes discussions about social justice, which is increasingly urgent in the Brazilian social context. Therefore, in this research, we seek to analyze the potential of the sugarcane theme as a SSI for science teaching and how it can help in discussions of social justice. To this end, action research was carried out, based on a university extension activity, with science teachers from the basic education network and future teachers (degree students in physics, chemistry or biology), in which we sought to understand these potentialities from discussions and readings in groups and in a dialogical manner, in order to relate the knowledge achieved on the topic to education focused on social justice. At the end of the extension activity, a discursive textual analysis was carried out to present the results of this research. The analyzes show us that teachers understand the need to introduce methodologies that go beyond traditional science teaching, however, they still feel trapped by content materials and school performance assessment tests, in addition to understanding the need for continued training for constant improving education. We also realize that teachers not only understand the importance, but seek to encourage discussions of a political nature in their classes, seeking the comprehensive training of students, which is one of the points proposed within socio-scientific issues. Furthermore, we also noticed that teachers perceive different ways of working with sugar cane as a SSI in science teaching, as well as fostering discussions of a social, ethical and environmental nature based on the theme, in addition to discussions about other QSC that this can encourage. Finally, the teachers presented different approaches to teaching sequences that can be applied in the classroom, both for specific physics, chemistry and biology classes, and with an interdisciplinary perspective, which reflects the potential of sugar cane as a SSI for science teaching.
Relação entre feições geomorfológicas fluviais e sítios arqueológicos na bacia do médio Tietê - São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-03)
Belizário, Bruno
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Fernandes, Erminio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2770392631554400
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-968X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3557787503034339
The geoarchaeological studies originated from the interaction between Earth Sciences and Archaeology. They allow for a deep and comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of landscapes over geological time, particularly highlighting the Quaternary period, associated with the dynamics of Paleo-Indian populations that occupied specific landscape compartments at the time. Within this premise, this work aimed to analyze the fluvial morphological features of the middle Tietê River and the middle Piracicaba River, correlating them with the presence of ancient human settlements constituting archaeological sites, aiming to contribute to the study of the distribution of these populations aged between 12,000 Cal BP and 3,000 Cal BP in the relief compartments in the São Paulo Peripheral Depression. The methods used for the development of the research consisted of mapping geomorphological features, based on the interpretation of satellite imagery (Alos Palsar) and the use of data provided by the project (insert name and number) developed at the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology - University of São Paulo (MAE/USP). The results of the geomorphological mapping revealed that 31 archaeological sites are settled in different landscape compartments and associated with the following geomorphological units, such as: fluvial terraces, sandy ridges, floodplains, valley bottoms, and slopes. Keywords: Paleo-Indians. Middle Tietê River. Middle Piracicaba River. Relief compartmentalization. São Paulo Peripheral Depression. Archaeological sites in southeastern South America. Brazilian Geoarchaeology.
Efeito da aquisição do ecoico sobre a emergência de tatos expandidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-03)
Freire, Marcela Ferreira da Silva Teixeira
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Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4666582338546873
This work presents applied research conducted with three children with formal diagnosis with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) aged 3, 4, and 9 years old. The aim was to test the effect of echoic expansion training on expanded tact responses in children with autism. Expansion was defined as an increase in the number of elements of tact and echoic responses. The hypothesis tested was whether expanded tact would emerge following expanded echoic instruction, which, if confirmed, could lead to a learning leap through stimulus control transfer, facilitating teaching processes of tact expansion and representing a teaching economy. A multiple probes design was used in the studies. A baseline protocol containing interspersed echoic, listener, and tact tasks was applied, followed by extended echoic teaching and subsequent testing. Only the results of the study on one of the participants give some support to the research hypothesis, in which the participant has shown some tact expansion without formal directed instruction.
Teatro do oprimido na casa lar: processos educativos decorrentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-03)
Alves, Thales Felipe Dantas
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1954-4679
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4060925446614249
The Theatre of the Oppressed (TO), formulated by Augusto Boal, is symbolized by a tree whose roots must be planted in the soil of ethics and solidarity, allowing us to affirm that its foundation is the ongoing struggle against injustice, colonialism, and imperialism. Thus, this research aimed to describe, analyze, and understand the educational processes emerging from the social practice of TO, with a group of fifteen children and adolescents who were removed from their family environment and are in a foster care situation at the Casa Lar institution, under judicial determination, in the northern zone of São Paulo city. The insertion into the Casa Lar space occurred through workshops held on Saturday mornings, with an average duration of 50 minutes to 1 hour and 30 minutes, during the months of October 2022 to June 2023. Over thirteen meetings, exercises and games that comprise the TO method were developed. We used a descriptive qualitative research methodology, and the data collection method adopted was Field Diary, recording the activities, the participation of children and adolescents, as well as their speeches, gestures, expressions, sensations, and silences. The procedure adopted for data analysis was guided by Content Analysis, through which we found the units of context that enabled the creation of two categories: a) "Identifying the oppressors and the oppressed", and b) "Demechanizing the Bodies." From the analysis of the categories, it was possible to perceive that the workshops could significantly contribute to the children and adolescents recognizing the relationships of domination and oppression existing in the daily lives of their own lives, as well as identifying the possible oppressors surrounding them/us.
Efeitos do programa Isupport-br na sobrecarga, sintomas depressivos e ansiosos de cuidadores informais de pessoas que vivem com demência: ensaio clínico randomizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-04)
Rocha, Luana Aparecida da
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Gratão, Aline Cristina Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7873339343111119
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8508-0251
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7073285909100937
Informal caregivers of people living with dementia are exposed to physical and emotional health problems, as the disease progresses, the people being cared for require greater support in activities of daily living, and caregivers often do not receive adequate support to this coping, which can develop greater perceptions of overload and anxious and depressive symptoms. Therefore, accessible tools such as the iSupport for Dementia online program are necessary to overcome barriers imposed on these caregivers, whether socioeconomic, physical or access to information, and provide education, development of socio-emotional skills and social support. Objective: To analyze the effects of the iSupport program, adapted for Brazil, on the burden, depressive and anxious symptoms of informal caregivers of people living with dementia. Method: This randomized clinical trial was carried out from January 2022 to July 2023, with a sample of 162 informal caregivers of people living with dementia, from all regions of Brazil, randomly allocated into two groups: intervention (n = 77) and control (n = 85). The intervention group (IG) had free access and use of the iSupport-Brasil (iSupport-BR) platform for three months. Simultaneously, the control group (CG) accessed the website of the Brazilian Alzheimer's Association (ABRAz) and the Care Guide for the Elderly. Pre- and postintervention assessments were carried out, consisting of sociodemographic data, burden assessment - Single-item Scale and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and assessment of anxious and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS). All ethical procedures were respected. Results: The majority of caregivers were from the Southeast Region, with an average age of around 50 years, the majority were female, married, highly educated (12 years or more of study) and of white ethnicity. For the IG, the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in anxiety in the post-test (p=0.02). The analysis per protocol (pp) also demonstrated a significant decrease in overload (ZBI p<0.01) and anxiety (p<0.01) for the GI in the post-test. No statistically significant effects were found for depression in the GI, although the scores decreased (p=0.09, p= 0.07 – pp and ITT respectively). For the CG, the regression model estimates indicate that, on average, there is a worsening of scores except for anxiety. Conclusion: The iSupport-BR program is effective in reducing the perception of overload and symptoms such as anxiety. Therefore, its use within the family context is recommended for informal caregivers of people living with dementia as an alternative support based on issues of education and development of socio-emotional skills. Future research with samples in other contexts, such as social/economic vulnerability and low education, may contribute to the consolidation of the iSupport-BR program for caregivers of people living with dementia in Brazil.
Uma avaliação experimental entre MongoDB e Mongochain utilizando o benchmark YCSB+T
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-04)
Morceli, Caio Lazarini
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5944-8246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2919576536463693
The Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation and Durability (ACID) properties found in a Database Management System (DBMS) are normally related to relational Databases (DB). On the other hand, the emergence of the Not Just SQL (NoSQL) paradigm arrived to meet the demands that relational DBs left something to be desired, such as scalability, availability and ease of handling a larger volume of data. Consequently, the NoSQL ecosystem has thrived by taking advantage of the Basically Available, Light State and Eventual Consistency (BASE) concepts that prioritize scalability and availability. However, the use of these concepts also brought disadvantages, the most considerable of which was that it crucified the consistency of the ACID model to prioritize availability and performance. This contrast generated new research niches on this issue. Therefore, Mongochain was created in an attempt to couple the ACID and BASE models to enjoy their benefits. This software used an innovative technology, blockchain, which has the necessary characteristics to guarantee ACID and BASE, as it can execute reliable and transparent transactions in a distributed and decentralized network. In addition to Mongochain, MongoDB has also brought improvements over time. One of them was support for transactions that preserve ACID properties in multiple documents. In addition, MongoDB provides several consistency levels for working with data persistence, but there is no specific study that analyzes the performance of these levels. Therefore, this work seeks to carry out a study on MongoDB’s consistency levels, checking which of them guarantee the consistency property included in the ACID model and evaluating the correctness of Mongochain. Therefore, it was necessary to use a benchmark that would allow performance and consistency tests to be carried out, which are found in YCSB+T. Finally, the results show that the stronger consistency levels of MongoDB and Mongochain were able to guarantee data consistency.
O uso de línguas eletrônicas voltamétricas para a detecção de adulteração em alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-04)
Ichikura, Júlia Tiemy
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Freitas, Jhonys Machado de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2068549631838036
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
THE USE OF VOLTAMMETRIC ELECTRONIC TONGUES FOR DETECTING ADULTERATION IN FOOD is briefly revised through three examples reported in the literature on the subject. Specifically, these examples involve the use of this advantageous tool in adulteration analyses, the electronic tongue, to identify adulterants in samples of honey, wine, and coffee. Electronic tongues are systems with electrochemical sensors associated with software known as intelligent sensory algorithms (chemometric methods). The three works were chosen due to two main reasons. Firstly, they demonstrate how advantageous the voltammetric electronic tongues are compared to other types of analytical techniques previously reported in the literature, in particular their speed, accuracy, and sensitivity. The other reason arises from the fact that the foods used in their respective sample sets are among the most adulterated and defrauded in the world in recent years. Thus, this study presents methodologies developed using electronic tongues, based on voltammetric techniques of detection (more specifically, Square-Wave Voltammetry and Cyclic Voltammetry) and chemometric methods, to identify adulterations in samples of some human consumption products.
Proposição de uma Arquitetura Baseada na Tecnologia Blockchain para Logística Reversa: Um Estudo em uma Indústria de Painéis de Madeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-05)
Barretti, Jayson Wilson
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Mendes, Juliana Veiga
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5692633697407656
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4514-2558
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5717421131776851
Given the environmental crisis resulting from the rampant consumption of natural resources and the lack of material and waste reuse, organizations are taking responsibility for adopting impactful measures to mitigate environmental and societal damage. The convergence of environmental, social, and governance aspects through ESG is essential for promoting sustainable resilience. In this context, the present study proposes a blockchain-based architecture to reintegrate waste into the production process in manufacturing companies. Objectives include identifying and applying blockchain architectures to facilitate this return, aiming to investigate their support for reverse logistics and production planning, creating a secure and decentralized technological ecosystem for real-time data transmission and material tracking, promoting waste reuse, and driving sustainability. The methodology adopted encompasses theoretical research to substantiate the topics addressed, the proposition of the blockchain architecture to enable the return of materials to manufacturing, and its conceptual application in a reconstituted wood panel industry. The delimitation of the work is based on theoretical research and a systematic literature review, establishing criteria for content analysis and reporting of results in the proposal of a conceptual architecture and its theoretical exemplification of application in the cited industry. Specialized literature highlights blockchain as advantageous for participants in reverse supply chains; however, there are no studies on its application in manufacturing, especially through reverse logistics. This research concludes the relevance of blockchain technology for sustainable supply chain management, offering valuable insights to science by exploring its traceability and transparency capabilities. The implications of promoting sustainable practices and reducing natural resource consumption can foster more sustainable societies. In the meantime, integrating blockchain with other emerging technologies offers opportunities to redesign processes, increase efficiency, and adopt more sustainable business models for managers and organizations.
Avaliação da influência de diferentes solos na degradação de hidrogel de amido modificado com EDTAD
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-05)
Moura-Murari, Adriana Sheyla
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Delforno, Tiago Palladino
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8149468011291406
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-0763
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Duarte, Iolanda Cristina Silveira
This study evaluated the influence of the degradation of a new hydrogel produced from EDTAD-modified starch in two different soils and the bacterial community involved in this process. The soils are an argisol, which was called "soil A", and a red oxisol, called "soil B". The soils were characterized and the argisol presented 12.4% of organic matter and pH 5.1, and the red oxisol, 11.6% of organic matter and pH 4.6. The argisol also has more residual soil moisture and higher amounts of micro and macronutrients, such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and other physical characteristics such as cation exchange capacity, while the oxisol has more calcium phosphate and aluminum. The biodegradation test was performed using the Bartha respirometric method, measuring biodegradation by titrating the KOH solution that captured theCO2 emitted by the microbiota present in the respirometers with soil and hydrogel sample. It was observed that the biodegradation of the hydrogel in the argisol was more efficient, but more thorough and linear. After the end of the degradation experiments, the soil DNA was extracted from the DNA and sequenced for a qualitative analysis of the existing microorganisms. 340 to 480 genetic profiles were found in each one of the samples, with the highest diversity being in the soil sample B with hydrogel post-biodegradation, and the lowest, in soil A post-biodegradation. The fact that two different soils were used in this study shows how important their physicochemical properties are in the activity of the microorganisms present in the biodegradation process, since the sample incubated in the soil, richer in organic matter (albeit with a slight difference), micro and macronutrients and higher acidity obtained a more complete and uniform biodegradation, while soil B, with opposite characteristics, obtained a lower biodegradation of the hydrogel, even though it was incubated for a longer time, a fact that may have been influenced by a higher concentration of aluminium, which influences a lower bacterial activity.
Restauração ecológica por semeadura direta: trajetória e análise multicriterial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-05)
Costa, Glória Fabiani Leão da
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Piña-Rodrigues, Fátima Conceição Márquez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-448X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7510204418276540
Direct seeding is a promising and constantly evolving forest restoration technique. Monitoring your trajectory is essential to identify gaps and improvements. This work was divided into two stages, where, in Chapter 1, we sought to analyze the trajectory of a direct seeding area over 60 months; and in Chapter 2, evaluate whether direct seeding was efficient in restoring ecological processes essential for its stability, resilience and reliability. For the trajectory, monitoring was carried out at 30 days, 24 and 60 months in permanent plots, the composition, diversity, phytosociology and dynamics were evaluated. To evaluate ecological functions, a protocol based on the MESMIS method was used, obtaining the Ecological Functionality Consolidation Index (EFCI), with 25 indicators, defined by descriptors and reference scenarios. Sowing (SD) was compared with areas of forest remnants (AR) and restoration area by planting seedlings (RAD). At 60 months, the area had a density of 14,031 plants.ha-1. The plant assemblage was able to maintain the composition of established species, with an increase in richness (S=36), without the exclusion of any. SD presented higher values in the descriptors of soil fertility (0.07 SD; 0.06 RAD; 0.08 AR) and functional diversity (0.08; 0.06; 0.15) compared to RAD, but demonstrated the lowest value for community diversity (0.06; 0.07; 0.10), control and management (0.06; 0.08; 0.37) and soil and litter protection (0.15; 0. 17; 0.23). Over 60 months, the trajectory of the plant assemblage demonstrated stability in its composition, enabled the entry of new species, and presented a structure similar to natural forests in the initial stage of succession. SD demonstrated potential for the return of ecological functions, requiring the inclusion of adaptive management and continuous monitoring in the coming months.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida de um laminado sintético espalmado de PVC para produção de palmilhas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-08)
Dutra, Felipe Juliano
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Paiva, Jane Maria Faulstich de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7926832511513537
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Moris, Virgínia Aparecida da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1101036108950133
Brazil is currently the fifth largest footwear producer in the world, accounting for 3.9% of global production. In Brazil, there is a tendency to increase the use of synthetic laminates in footwear, mainly due to the variety of colors, prints, thicknesses, and applications with emphasis on PU (polyurethane) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride) laminates. Although PVC is an important alternative in the manufacture of footwear, its use is still questioned from an environmental point of view, mainly due to the emissions throughout the production process, such as dioxins. Therefore, the objective of this work is to present the main environmental hotspots of a synthetic PVC laminate used to make insoles, by carrying out an LCA from cradle to gate, based on a case study. Four impact categories were assessed, based on literature: abiotic depletion, eutrophication, human toxicity, and global warming. The results indicate that the main environmental hotspots occur upstream of the laminate production process for three of the four categories analyzed: production of plasticizer (non-phthalic) for the abiotic depletion and eutrophication categories, and production of emulsion PVC resin (E) for the human toxicity category. The production process of the assessed laminate directly contributes to the potential impacts observed for the global warming category. The possible actions to reduce potential environmental impacts assessed in this study are: the use of vegetable plasticizers and the use of energy from renewable sources, among which, the replacement of plasticizer (non-phthalic) by soybean oil proved to be the most advantageous scenario in the environmental point of view.
Proposta de modelos para estimativa do fator de redução da resistência à compressão de pilares castelados carregados axialmente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-08)
Gomes, Arthur Filipe Freire
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-080X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7112458774359627
Currently, castellated columns have been increasingly used in buildings due to their flexibility, easy compatibility and potential savings given their lower steel consumption. However, there is a lack of research and design methods for these elements. The influence of the openings on the load capacity of castellated columns has not yet been clearly defined in the literature. Studies on castellated beams can be easily found, however, studies on such profiles acting as pillars are scarce. In this context, numerical models based on finite elements developed with the aid of ABAQUS® software are developed. This parametric study with 1328 numerical models aims to evaluate the influence of the three main types of castellated openings (Peiner, Litzka and Anglo-Saxon), three expansion factors (k - 1.33, 1.50 and 1.67) and eight slenderness indices (λ - 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200) in the behavior of axially loaded columns. In order to validate the numerical model, the load capacity obtained through a nonlinear analysis was compared with the valuesfound in three experimental studies and in ABNT NBR 8800 (2008 After validation, the resistant capacity of each model was determined through a nonlinear physical and geometric analysis around the largest and least inertia axis. The loads obtained by the castellated and full-web column were compared. The resistance reduction factors associated with global buckling (χ) for castellated columns were also compared to the values proposed by ABNT NBR 8800 (2008). Castellated columns had a lower resistance capacity than the full-web elements, especially the short columns. Castellated columns with larger openings showed a greater reduction in resistance capacity. Furthermore, the curve proposed by ABNT NBR 8800 (2008) may overestimate the resistant capacity of castellated columns for reduced slenderness indices (λ0) lower than 0.75. Finally, equations based on regression models were developed (with R2 values above 94.00) to estimate the resistance reduction factor associated with global buckling (χ) of the columns evaluated within the scope of this study.
“Òrìsà Ńjẹ, Ilé Asé Ńjẹ- Os Orixás Comem, O Terreiro Come”: uma etnografia da sacralização de animais em um Terreiro de Umbanda Traçada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-08)
Silva, Julia Aparecida Rodrigues da
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Vander Velden, Felipe Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7289231173735671
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9718783230484134
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-8474
In the rituals of African religions, the sacralization of animals is an essential element in the connection between humans and deities: by immolating specific animals, the aim is to offer (feed) the deity and then distribute the animal's meat to everyone in the terreiro community and other followers present. Through sacralization (sacrifice), the animal's axé will serve as food for the Orixá (and for humans) because it acts and operates certain energy flows. The aim of this ethnography is to understand the foundations and purposes that animal life acquires during the ritual of sacralization in Candomblecist cosmology: where the animal is acquired, the care and place of its stay in the terreiro before undergoing immolation, who immolates and which species are immolated, the precautions (preceito) taken by the Afro-religious, the instruments and supplies that are part of the ritual, the songs and prayers chanted and finally, after the sacralized animal, how the Orixá and the terreiro eat. And finally, to analyze the debates surrounding the political arguments, mostly Christian, that have tried and are trying to ban this practice on the grounds that it is animal cruelty, as well as to verify the importance of this ritual in the view of religious practitioners and their communication with the spiritual plane.
Development of bio-inspired electromechanical devices based on PBMA-b-(PSS-r-PS) amphiphilic block copolymer
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-08)
Saccardo, Matheus Colovati
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-0213
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3993645750766626
Technological advances in the aerospace, biomedical, and robotics industries stimulate the need for innovative and sustainable devices, such as electromechanical devices (EMDs), which are bio-inspired materials capable of mimicking biological systems in appearance, functionality, and operation. For practical applications, EMDs must combine several properties, such as i) high ionic conductivity, ii) flexibility, iii) mechanical resistance, and iv) chemical, thermal, and structural stability. Such properties can be obtained by engineering amphiphilic copolymers, which can self-assemble into well-defined morphologies with nanometric domains. Thus, it is possible to effectively dissociate ionic conductivity from mechanical properties, adjusting the flexibility, Young's modulus, and ionic conductivity according to the size of the blocks and the number of functional groups. Therefore, in this project, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was used to synthesize the diblock copolymer Poly(butyl methacrylate)-b-(sulfonated polyneopentyl styrene-r-polystyrene) (PBMA-b-( PNeoSS-r-PS)). Subsequent thermolysis of the PNeoSS segments removes the neopentyl group, resulting in a sulfonated polystyrene-r-polystyrene (PSS-r-PS) backbone, yielding an amphiphilic block copolymer with ionic conductivity, which was used to prepare an EMD. In general, it can be concluded that RAFT polymerization is a robust and versatile technique that allows control of the degree of polymerization, molecular weight, polydispersity, and chemical composition of the copolymer. The copolymer presented a molecular weight of 65 kg.mol-1, with a 50% ratio between flexible and rigid blocks, alongside an 8.8% degree of sulfonation, lamellar morphology, capable for enhancing flexibility and ionic conductivity. Finally, the device was tested and characterized electromechanically using an electromechanical characterization system, showing promise for application as a sensor.
Histórico de expansão urbana e análise dos eventos de inundações no rio Sorocaba - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-08)
Leite, Amanda Rodrigues
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Arruda, Emerson Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883710507177933
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8055631622023281
Cuando la urbanización se produce sin una planificación adecuada, los ríos son vistos como un problema para la ciudad que se desarrolla en sus orillas. El sellado de suelos, la deforestación ribereña, las construcciones incómodas combinadas con la falta de estructuras adecuadas para el drenaje del agua, son solo algunos de los factores que interfieren con el curso natural de los cuerpos de agua urbanos, aumentando significativamente el riesgo de inundaciones. Esta investigación involucra el análisis de la dinámica ambiental del municipio de Sorocaba, así como el levantamiento de las inundaciones ocurridas en el río del mismo nombre, centrándose en el perímetro urbano del citado curso, vislumbrando así una comprensión de la dinámica ambiental, vinculado a aspectos de uso del suelo en sus márgenes, así como a la forma en que se apropia el relieve del área. Según las observaciones esbozadas, se entiende que son necesarias obras encaminadas a revitalizar los ríos urbanos para la calidad ambiental de los cursos de agua y de la propia cuenca, así como proyectos que valoren una mejor planificación urbana, con el objetivo de llegar a las raíces de los problemas relacionados con crecidas e inundaciones fluviales, siendo un factor conciliador en la relación río-ciudad.
Plataforma de encapsulamento de microrganismos em matriz PVA para uso na agricultura como inoculante microbiano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-09)
Lodi, Ludimila Araújo
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Farinas, Cristiane Sanchez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9933650905615452
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-190X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8314583698258145
This study aimed to develop novel microbial inoculants for the encapsulation of Bacillus megaterium. Films and microparticles were prepared from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based formulations using casting, emulsion, and spray drying techniques. The materials that best protected the encapsulated bacteria from stresses such as heat, UV light, and agrochemicals were applied in different ways: as a coating on soybean seeds (films), in soils with high salinity (emulsion microparticles), and as a solid inoculant in greenhouse experiments using soybeans with a model plant (spray-dried microparticles). Initially, biodegradable PVA films were developed that were cross-linked with citric acid. At a concentration of 30% (w/v), citric acid reduced the swelling and solubility of the films, increased their resistance to degradation, and influenced the controlled release of the encapsulated bacteria. The films promoted similar germination rates of soybean seeds treated with commercial polymers and outperformed the untreated seeds. This proves their application potential. Microparticles based on PVA/cationic starch were developed using a simple crosslinking/emulsion method, and the effect of the cross-linking agents citric acid (CA), sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), and bentonite as surface modifiers was investigated. The presence of STMP/bentonite increased the estimated shelf life of this formulation. In high salinity soil tests (200 mM), these microparticles provided a favorable environment for bacterial development, with final cell viability higher than that of the inoculum, even after 7 days of high salinity. Finally, zinc oxide (ZnO) was added to the PVA/cationic starch formulation to produce microparticles by spray drying. The presence of zinc and bacteria in the formulation significantly promoted the production of biomass in the aerial and root zones of soybean plants and enhanced the uptake of phosphorus and zinc when applied as a solid inoculant in greenhouse tests. The results show that the proposed formulations and methods to produce novel microbial inoculants are promising strategies for efficient agricultural applications.
Simulação de configurações de movimentação de um sistema AGV para transporte em posto de pintura especial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-09)
Assis, Rafael de
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Lage Júnior, Murís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9666500788789379
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8070604031456208
This dissertation presents a proposed solution for the movement of products in process, simulating the use of AGV vehicles in the special painting process at a manufacturer of drives for the industry. The research objective is to analyze potential productivity gains that AGV can bring to this process, primarily by reducing the lead time, which directly impacts product lead time. Based on the experimentation method that utilizes simulation, this study presents 3 models: the current situation, the implementation of deck lift AGV, and the implementation of tugger AGV. Comparing the models based on performance indicators highlights productivity gains, concluding that the best model is the deck lift AGV, which yields results such as a 99.17% decrease in waiting time and improvements in lead time gain indicators ranging from 33.78% to 92.16%, depending on the type of painting, as well as better space utilization, 84.76% lower compared to the current situation. The characteristic of the deck lift AGV model to transport the product when it is placed in the output buffer of the special painting station has been shown to improve productivity gains, presenting favorable conditions for sector organization and directly influencing management quality and customer satisfaction.
Avaliação de um programa de ensino para cuidadores desenvolverem a linguagem oral das crianças de forma naturalística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-04-09)
Balog, Lívia Gabriela Campos
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Domeniconi, Camila
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0486-3543
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1305969857928709
This thesis presents three studies that supported the planning, implementation and evaluation of an intervention for caregivers to apply naturalistic strategies to expand children's communication repertoire. Firstly, a systematic review of the literature was carried out with the aim of analyzing methods of teaching parents to develop the language of their children with intellectual disabilities, delays or language impairment, within the family routine. The strategies taught to parents most used by studies were described, as follows: a) follow the child's interest, b) be responsive, c) organize the environment, d) expand the child's communication, e) ask questions d) provide breaks . Discuss the different ways of teaching naturalistic language stimulation strategies to parents, including the increasing use of technologies for teaching and monitoring caregivers. Based on the literature review carried out in Study 2, the objective is to develop and evaluate a remote parenting program to stimulate children's language in the family routine, in the context of social isolation. Although the remote teaching model was well evaluated by caregivers and the study achieved its initial objectives, some limitations were highlighted. Considering the limitations of Study 2, Study 3 was designed and aimed to verify the effect of the program, carried out in person, with phases of instruction, modeling and feedback on parents' behaviors. The results of both studies demonstrated the effectiveness of the intervention in increasing the frequency of use of strategies by parents and in some measures of children's language. Suggestions were proposed for conducting future studies and we hope that the results can help in the development of naturalistic disciplines aimed at caregivers, especially children with ASD, Down Syndrome and delays in language development.