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Publicações sobre o método laboratório de mudança: seus objetos e intervenções
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-23) Ziotti, Giovane; Moura, Daniel Braatz Antunes de Almeida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5287608431146025; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-9666; Branco; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0138695607938713; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9496-3817
The Change Laboratory (CL) is a formative intervention method that is theoretically and methodologically based on the Historical-Cultural Activity Theory (CHAT). The CL exists as a framework for interventions developed to transform work through the expansion of the objects of activity systems, thereby overcoming historical contradictions in the organization of work. This dissertation aims to understand how research that has applied or analyzed the Change Laboratory method in different contexts with various objectives has been published. To achieve this, a quantitative-qualitative research approach was developed through two systematic reviews, one bibliometric and the other qualitative. A total of 103 texts were selected and analyzed to produce a bibliometric analysis focusing on factors such as the number of texts published over the years, the origin of the publications, international participation in the research, authors, citations, journals or means of publication, and research institutions involved, types of texts, fields of knowledge of the research, and categories of professionals influenced by the interventions. Subsequently, using the same sample of texts, a qualitative systematic review was conducted, resulting in four different groups of publications based on their respective objects or purposes: when the object is unrelated to the CL; when the object is a CL intervention; when the object relates interventions to the development of theory; and when the object is the development of theory. For each of the groups, subcategories of publications were assigned based on the content of the analyzed texts. The discussions are made in light of CHAT, and the conclusions include a future research agenda that aligns with trends in the theoretical and methodological field of the CL.
Melhorando a tomada de decisões na construção: Modelagem não paramétrica de atrasos induzidos pelo clima
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-23) Comito, Mateus Borges; Hubert Junior, Paulo do Canto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1484408005536961; Izbicki, Rafael; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9991192137633896; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4859646103930057
Effective construction project management faces significant challenges due to frequent delays, many of which are influenced by climatic variables. Anticipating these delays is crucial, and although various methods based on stochastic generators, productivity impact models, or machine learning exist, there is still a notable lack of direct approaches that model productivity using exclusively historical weather data, which is easily accessible. Moreover, it is not sufficient to have only a point estimate of the delay for a specific project. It is more useful to estimate the total uncertainty associated with this estimate. This dissertation proposes a flexible non-parametric model aimed at filling these gaps by estimating the probability distribution of a project's execution time using only weather information. We start from the premise that each task has a daily probability of execution. This process involves a non-stationary stochastic process, described by a non-stationary discrete-time Markov Chain. We use exclusively climatic data to calculate the necessary parameters, and the distribution is estimated through Monte Carlo simulation. The results highlight the utility of the model in predicting optimal start dates, accurately estimating project completion, establishing contractual limits for expected delays due to weather conditions, and analyzing critical paths within the project. Additionally, we present a mathematically rigorous tool for model comparison, allowing for the optimization of hyperparameters and the selection of the most suitable prediction model. This investigation contributes to improving decision-making, minimizing the negative impacts of uncertainty on productivity and construction timelines, resulting in an overall improvement in project efficiency.
Understanding how mindfulness‑based interventions promote work‑life balance: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-23) Trombeta, Gabriela; Barham, Elizabeth Joan; Bertho, Maria Alice Centanin; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5875147172625110; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-1239
The effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on work-life balance (WLB) have been documented in previous experimental studies. However, work is needed to integrate the information that is emerging. In this study, we address this need by (a) conducting a systematic review of the effects of MBIs on WLB, and (b) proposing a logical model indicating how MBIs may contribute to WLB. The search was conducted using Psycnet, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, and Redalyc e BVS Saúde databases, retrieving studies published up until July 2023. We selected studies involving randomized controlled trials in which the effects of an MBI on WLB and related outcomes were reported. Of the initial 575 texts, seven peer-reviewed articles were selected. Data analysis was conducted by examining key components of the MBIs, considering: (a) the intervention procedures, (b) effects on WLB, (c) explanations about behavioral change mechanisms, (d) study design limitations, and (e) suggestions for further research. Findings indicated that MBIs improved work-life balance outcomes (such as perceptions of WLB, satisfaction with WLB, and psychological detachment from work) and decreased work-family and work-life conflict. Follow-up studies showed that program effects were maintained. Higher retention rates were found for app-based interventions, interventions that had at least one in-person session, and programs in which participants could choose which exercises and when to practice. MBI mechanisms include self-regulation of attention, emotions, and behaviors to strengthen people’s psychological resources. Further research is needed to investigate the generalizability of the findings, to understand the range of people who can benefit from MBIs, and to clarify MBI outcomes involving adjustments in personal life involvements that may affect work behaviors.