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Classificação de visada e mitigação de erros de estimativa de distância em sistemas UWB
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Lima, Danilo Souza
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Hernandes, André Carmona
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6806138514642732
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1709-9903
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1646627286224987
This master's thesis investigates the classification of line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions and their impact on distance measurement accuracy in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) positioning systems. The focus of the research was to develop and validate a machine learning model capable of dynamically classifying LOS and NLOS conditions to adjust the system's parameters for error mitigation. This involved the design of custom hardware and software to conduct extensive tests under various simulated environmental conditions, mirroring real-world complexities. The results demonstrated that the machine learning model significantly enhanced measurement accuracy, reducing average distance errors from over 10 centimeters in baseline conditions to under 3 centimeters in optimized setups. The implications of these findings underscores the potential of adaptive learning models to improve the reliability and operational efficiency of UWB systems, particularly in complex indoor environments. The model's ability to adapt to changing conditions and accurately classify signal disruptions due to physical obstructions provides a critical improvement over traditional static modeling approaches. This research lays the groundwork for future advancements in UWB technology, suggesting that integrating machine learning into UWB systems can lead to more robust and accurate indoor positioning solutions that are crucial for industries like logistics, autonomous navigation, and smart building management.
Musicalidades negras na educação musical: uma reflexão sobre os currículos de formação docente na perspectiva da Lei. 10.639/03
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Justino, Jussara Aparecida de Paula
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Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-0501
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2961903056004496
This research aims to propose a reflection on ethnic-racial relations and anti-racist education in the music education field starting from a critical evaluation of the curricular proposal for teacher’s training. The generating elements for the research are black musicalities and the guidelines in Brazilian Law 10.639/03, historically situated as decolonial and anti-racist possibilities on the content organization and educational practices from a racial literacy - a concept in practice on black movement activism contemporaneously revisited as another anti- racist possibility. The research matters reflect how important it is to bring to musical education these musicalities as a form of deconstruction, anti-racist and decolonial strategy in order to bring awareness to curricular proposals in academic degrees in Music. The theoretical approaches intersect with the main authors in the ethnic-racial relations discussions, such as: Bento (2022), Fanon (2008), Ferreira (2019), Lopes (2011); in the curricular proposals discussions: Arroyo (2018), Ferreira (2019), Souza (2011); in the music education field: Azevedo (2011, 2019), Brito (2003), Gilroy (2019), Joly et Severino (2016), Kazadi Wa Mukuna (2000), Koellreutter (1997), Salomão (2021); in decoloniality discussions: Barreto (2018), Costa, Grosfoguel et Torres (2018), Gonzales (2018), Kilomba (2019), Nascimento (2021), Quijano (2017), and anti-racist education field: Acho (2021), Almeida (2019), Fonseca (2012), hooks (2017), Pinheiro (2023), Ribeiro (2018). The methodology’s approach was the focus group’s perspective, qualitative research, and online meetings were conducted for reflection and discussion on the theme; the data collect was made through recording the meetings on the Google Meet platform, reports and the researcher’s description from the participant’s reports as well as the dialogue with the theoretical references. The results are the crossings and
Diagnóstico de influência para modelos de regressão linear censurada com misturas de escala assimétrica de distribuições normais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Guzman, Daniel Camilo Fuentes
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-9554
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2331533814499858
In this research, we conducted studies on local and global influence diagnostics for \sigla{SSMN-CR}{Censored Linear Regression Models with Skew Scale Mixtures of Normal Distributions}, proposed by \citeonline{guzman2020}. Initially, we discussed methods for generating censored data, specifically presenting methods to generate randomly censored data with both unilateral and interval censoring. Subsequently, we addressed case deletion and local influence diagnostics based on the \textit{Q} function, inspired by the findings of \citeonline{zhu} and \citeonline{zhuelee}. To analyze the sensitivity of the maximum likelihood estimators of the SSMN-CR model parameters to small perturbations in assumptions and/or data, we considered various perturbation schemes, such as case weighting, explanatory variables, response variables, and perturbations in scale and skewness parameters. To illustrate the usefulness of the proposed methodology, we presented the analysis of a real dataset and three simulation studies.
Essays on foreign direct investment and corruption: review and empirical study
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Onody, Vanessa da Silva Mariotto
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Moralles, Herick Fernando
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3603674784653923
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5521-9443
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3450654917662565
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a crucial development tool for many emerging regions. A specific issue explored in the international business literature is the relationship between corruption and FDI, examining whether corruption repels foreign investments (acting as "sand") or attracts more foreign investments (acting as "grease"). Several authors in the international literature have analyzed factors influencing the outcomes of this relationship, but few have investigated the role of corruption in FDI at the regional level, especially in emerging countries in Latin America, including Brazil. This thesis examines the relationship between corruption and regional concentration of FDI. To do so, two chapters (2 and 3) have been developed in the form of articles. The first is theoretical and serves to contextualize the research themes through a systematic literature review method, highlighting the trend of corruption as "sand" or "grease" in the analyzed studies. The next article, on the other hand, is applied, utilizing statistical analyses. To characterize this study, a new dataset with regional-level information on FDI is used to investigate whether foreign companies can tolerate some level of corruption in exchange for specific location-based advantages, thus challenging the binary view of the "sand" or "grease" hypothesis. As the main results, Chapter 2 revealed that research on macroeconomic factors is the most robust determinant in articles on the subject. These factors are understood to include institutional quality, governance, political and financial institutional risk, and business environments. Corruption is demonstrated in many studies as an indicator to be considered among other researched factors, observing the scarcity of research exclusively on the topic. After an extensive literature analysis, the main trend of the "sand or grease" hypothesis in emerging countries is concluded to lean towards "sand." With the third chapter, it was possible to empirically examine the sensitivity of multinational companies (MNCs) to corruption in the Latin American economy at the level of individual sectors. It was observed that corruption functions as a "lubricant" for both FDI and at the level of individual sectors. Finally, by using a non-linear approach, it was detailed that corruption functions as a lubricant for FDI only in regions with intermediate (medium-low) levels of corruption. This thesis provides a general contribution to national and international literature on the issue of the relationship between regional attractiveness of FDI and corruption in emerging countries in Latin America.
Construção de um robô SCARA colaborativo com base em sensoriamento capacitivo de baixo custo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Martos, Lucas Santana
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Fontes, João Vitor de Carvalho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9473668144091435
The robotics trade is predicted to experience exponential growth until 2038. Industrial automation aims to replace manual labor with automated robots, impacting companies of all sizes, especially in the Asian market where there is significant financial investment and available technology. In Brazil, there is an observed increase in automation, although small and medium-sized enterprises face significant challenges. Collaborative robots, also known as cobots, are being introduced to make automation more accessible, although the price of sensors remains a barrier. SCARA robots stand out for their efficiency in planar assembly tasks due to their structure and speed. Cobots are characterized by having sensing capabilities to deal with the presence of individuals in their work environment, either by stopping or by joint action, using optical, contact, radar, and various other sensors. This paper presents the development of a SCARA robotic arm, emphasizing its accessibility and efficiency for small and medium-sized enterprises. The mechanical assembly was optimized to reduce costs and simplify the manufacturing process. The electronic system was implemented using the Arduino UNO microcontroller due to its simplicity and affordable cost, despite being sensitive to noise. Mathematical modeling based on inverse kinematics was crucial for precise control of the robotic arm's position. Tactile sensing was addressed economically, ensuring accuracy and reliability in contact detection, even on metallic structures, although sensitive to noise, which makes the use of cobots viable in the Brazilian market and stimulates the growth of the national industry.
Pseudo-parallel immersions of Lorentzian manifolds in pseudo-Riemannian space forms
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Melara Estrada, Mynor Ademar
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Villagra, Guillermo Antonio Lobos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962956853017869
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9097-0083
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3320692889941905
In this Ph.D. thesis, we study pseudo-parallel submanifolds in pseudo-Riemannian space forms. We give a characterization of pseudo-parallel Lorentzian surfaces with non-flat normal bundle in pseudo-Riemannian space forms as λ-isotropic surfaces, extending an analogous result by Asperti-Lobos-Mercuri in the Riemannian case. Consequently, for this kind of Lorentzian surfaces we give a characterization using the concept of hyperbola of curvature and get a non-existence result when the ambient space is a Lorentzian space form. In particular, when the ambient space is a 4-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian space form, we obtain that any pseudo-parallel Lorentzian surface with non-flat normal bundle is super-extremal, i.e., a λ-isotropic surface with everywhere vanishing mean curvature vector field, and the ambient space must have metric of index 2. In the case where the pseudo-parallelism function is constant, we explicitly describe these surfaces with codimension two, obtaining that they are parallel surfaces and exist in non-flat space forms, and for the case where the pseudo-parallelism function is non-constant we give explicit examples of these surfaces in the 4-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space with metric of index 2. An example of an extremal and flat pseudo-parallel Lorentzian surface with non-flat normal bundle which is not semi-parallel is given in codimension three. We continue the study of pseudo-parallel Lorentzian hypersurfaces in Lorentzian space forms started by Lobos, by completing the characterization of the Weingarten operator even when it is non-diagonalizable. Then, we consider the case where the pseudo-parallelism function is constant and different from the curvature of the ambient space and give the local classification of these hypersurfaces under the hypothesis of being good in the sense of Ryan. We also give a classification of the connected complete semi-parallel Lorentzian hypersurfaces of the Minkowski space and a local classification of the pseudo-parallel Lorentzian hypersurfaces with constant pseudo-parallelism function and constant mean curvature in Lorentzian space forms.
A organização das redes municipais de educação e os conselhos gestores: entre o Gerencialismo e a Gestão Social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Oliveira, Flávio Sebastião de
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Capella, Ana Cláudia Niedhardt
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5810332148425938
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-898X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0842748438069913
The present work carried out a double case study, with a simple comparison, of two municipal education networks in the interior of the State of São Paulo, the first with its own education system, which presents greater autonomy and more effective action by the education management councils – CME, CAE and CACS-Fundeb – and the other, which is linked to the state network, with less autonomy and less effective participation of management councils, concluding that the combination of institutional formats that encompass technical and political aspects contributes to greater effectiveness in public educational policy developed in the municipality – called state capacity – from the perspective of managerial and societal management models. The two municipal networks were selected based on previously established criteria, such as serving the same level of education (preschool and elementary education – initial years), belonging to the same regional education jurisdiction, having identical physical structure of the educational network and similar HDI, differing only in terms of the structural-legal format and degree of social participation through management councils. The research was based on qualitative and quantitative analysis based on documentary analysis and interviews with presidents of management councils and directors of municipal education. In the end, the data and information obtained were analyzed in light of the results obtained by the respective municipal education network in external evaluations and the theoretical framework on the topic. The results showed that there is a relationship between the institutional format that includes technical (managerial management) and political (societal) aspects and the effectiveness of educational policies developed in the municipality.
Repercussões da COVID-19 na assistência odontológica das Equipes de Saúde Bucal em dois municípios do Cariri cearense
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-24)
Silva, Micael Sampaio da
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Fioroni, Luciana Nogueira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8086810053892035
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2311-7848
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5607377006166477
Investigating the care and work practices of dental surgeons in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic has made it possible to assess the risks and understand dental care experiences in a challenging context, contributing to management and health education decisions based on evidence and situational singularities. Thus, the objective was to identify and analyze the repercussions of COVID-19 on dental care provided by dental surgeons from the Oral Health Teams (ESB) of the Unified Health System (SUS) in the municipalities of Crato and Barbalha, located in the south of the state of Ceará, with a focus on the quality of services and the safety of patients and health professionals. This is a descriptive empirical study with an objective and practical dimension, with a quantitative-qualitative cross-sectional approach, which involved 30 dental surgeons and was carried out between April and June 2023. For data collection, an online form was used from the Google Forms platform (Google Corp.) with objective and subjective questions to which participants reported their practical experiences related to their work during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed a reduction in dental care, accepted by 93.3% of dentists, and a change in the oral health practices of these professionals, prioritizing activities that did not generate aerosols in dental environments. On the other hand, the reorganization of care resulted in discontent on the part of dental service users due to the impossibility of carrying out elective procedures, producing a care gap. The lack of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), the unavailability of materials and instruments and the persistence of health managers to increase the number of appointments were challenges faced by the ESB. Therefore, this research supports the design and development of strategies and actions to improve the infrastructure of dental care as a requirement to guarantee the quality of services and the safety of professionals and patients. It will also serve as the basis for the creation of a technical product, a manual of good biosafety practices for dental clinics.
Estudo de viabilidade de catálise enzimática por lipases para a hidrólise e síntese de intermediário da indústria de antibióticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Costa, Ana Paula Lima da
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Tardioli, Paulo Waldir
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0808991927126468
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8409673267955210
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1204-9704
Antibiotics are considered one of the most successful discoveries in the history of medicine. However, the production of these drugs via chemical route generates harmful effluents. Being an intermediate for the enzymatic synthesis of important β-lactam antibiotics, D-phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) is produced using highly toxic reagents, with low product enantioselectivity. Enzymatic processes have emerged as a promising and sustainable alternative for the synthesis of antibiotics and their intermediates, and lipases stand out for catalyzing a variety of reactions. Thus, this work aimed to develop an unprecedented enzymatic route for the synthesis of PMGE from the esterification reaction of the amino acid D-phenylglycine (Phenylglycine-PG) with methanol catalyzed by commercial lipases. The initial study evaluated solvents favorable to PG solubility, however it proved to be poorly soluble in the solvents tested, requiring the addition of 0.5 M hydrochloric acid or ionic liquid to observe any solubility. The specificity of a range of lipases in relation to the hydrolysis activity of PGME was investigated, in order to verify that the lipases evaluated showed good performance in hydrolysis, with the potential to catalyze the reverse reaction (esterification), with emphasis on lipase B from Candida antarctica which yielded higher reaction rate and better substrate affinity based on Michaelis-Menten kinetic parameters. A new gas chromatography method was implemented to separate and characterize PGME, whose strategy is little explored in the literature. Different esterification reaction tests were carried out and only with the aid of the liquid chromatography technique coupled to a mass spectrometer (LC/MS) it was possible to prove the synthesis of the ester, which showed low conversions, even so, showing itself to be unprecedented in the literature. There is limited information about the reaction via the enzymatic route o produce PGME, therefore, the study developed could contribute to the advancement of knowledge in this area.
Uma análise dos sistemas de controle interno dos legislativos municipais de cinco capitais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Santos, Bruno Barbosa de Souza
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Cepêda, Vera Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4917331423373631
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9830516594396352
This Master Thesis aims to identify the main aspects of an Internal Control system within the municipal Legislative branch. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate the existing regulatory and formatting models within the internal control systems of Municipal Chambers, examining the structures of the teams composing these internal control systems to determine a benchmark value that could be used by other institutions, considering the relationship between public resources allocated to these entities and the number of staff members working in the central internal control unit. To achieve these objectives, a multiple-case study was conducted, selecting the Municipal Chambers of Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, Manaus, Goiânia, and Salvador. The selection criterion was based on being the state capitals that received, on average, the highest allocations of Executive Branch funds between 2017 and 2020. Data collection involved documentary analysis, enabling a comprehensive approach to internal control systems in each location. Among the findings, it stands out that Porto Alegre lacks internal control in the Legislative sphere independent of the Executive power, while Manaus faces challenges in complying with the Access to Information Law. Conversely, Goiânia and Salvador have central internal control bodies linked to the Chamber Presidency, and in Rio de Janeiro to the Board of Directors, an institutional arrangement that impacts the autonomy of control bodies. Furthermore, it is argued that creating these bodies through municipal law ensures stability, with Rio de Janeiro being the only one to require specific qualifications for the top position, promoting independence. Based on the studied cases, this study suggests that for every increase of R$ 25,000,000 in the Legislative budget, at least one public servant should be designated to work in the entity's internal control. This measure aims to strengthen internal defense capabilities, as established by the 1988 Federal Constitution for public bodies in fulfilling their institutional mission.
Geogovernança em cidades inteligentes: inovações disruptivas e a ciência cidadã aplicadas à construção da inteligência territorial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Silva, Andréa Oliveira da
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Fernandes, Ricardo Augusto Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0880243208789454
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-6505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4381590244041179
In the information age, cities are interconnected not only through transportation networks but also via data networks. Thus, solutions to urban problems are increasingly supported by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), facilitating better interaction between government and citizens. In smart cities, information plays a crucial role and enables smart governance through open governments, making them more participatory, transparent, democratic, and responsive. Furthermore, it allows for spatial analysis and planning using the Multipurpose Territorial Cadastre (MTC) in conjunction with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). In this context, the research investigates the landscape of geotechnologies and citizen participation applied by the governments of Brazilian capitals and the metropolitan regions of Brasília, Fortaleza, Manaus, São Paulo, and Curitiba. Through exploratory research with quantitative and qualitative analyses, the availability of MTC and collaborative participation on the web was examined. The first part involved identifying cities with active geoportals and evaluating these geoportals based on the existence and accessibility of information, verifying the presence of MTC attributes: (i) cadastral information; (ii) thematic information; and (iii) collaborative interface. The second part analyzed collaborative participation platforms, considering the availability of forms of citizen participation. Established scenarios based on urban information available for government-citizen interaction and ICT-assisted citizen participation provided a basis for understanding the role of territorial intelligence activated by disruptive innovations in smart city governance. The research highlighted advancements in transparency and access to urban information in some Brazilian regions but also revealed significant disparities in the availability of MTCs and geoinformation, especially in the North region. Citizen participation and MTC usage remain limited, underscoring the need to enhance these tools to strengthen geogovernance.
Perfil metabolômico de amostras de pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Wilson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Lopes, Thais de Assis
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Venâncio, Tiago
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990
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Oliveira, Regina Vincenzi
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6609377714413073
Wilson's Disease (WD) or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a rare genetic disorder caused by the ATP7B gene. WD causes the accumulation of copper (Cu) in various body tissues, including the liver, brain, kidneys, and corneas, due to a disorder in Cu metabolism. If left untreated, it can cause liver disease, central nervous system dysfunction, and fatal damage. Early diagnosis of WD is essential to reduce clinical complications. There are no specific biochemical tests for diagnosing WD, but rather a combination of clinical characteristics, including low levels of ceruloplasmin, increased urinary excretion of Cu, high levels of hepatic Cu, and Cu deposits in the cornea. In this study, we used a global metabolomics approach with liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to identify changes in metabolic pathways in plasma and urine samples from individuals with WD compared to healthy individuals (control group). The statistical analysis showed that 98 molecular features were significantly different in urine samples (p ≤ 0.05 and VIP ≥ 1) and 243 molecular features in plasma samples (p ≤ 0.05 and VIP ≥ 1). Out of these, 139 metabolites were putatively annotated and evaluated for changes in biochemical pathways, which are related to arginine biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, and biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan. These results provide valuable insights into potential pathogenic mechanisms of WD and contribute to discovering biomarkers for rare and neglected diseases. The findings of this study have the potential to aid in developing more accurate diagnoses and treatments for rare and neglected diseases. They also could pave the way for further research on discovering new diagnosis biomarkers.
Pedagogia antirracista junto a uma turma da educação infantil na cidade de São Carlos: processos educativos decorrentes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Oliveira, Alessandra Guerra da Silva
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-0596
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3671663740851979
We understand children as autonomous, active subjects, protagonists who produce cultures in all the social relationships and practices they experience. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to understand the educational processes resulting from dialogical and anti-racist pedagogical practices, in an intervention based on and for the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations, together with children in a reference Early Childhood Education class in the city of São Carlos, through experiences involving games, games and conversation circles, observing Law 10.639/2003 (Brazil, 2003) which made the Teaching of African and Afro-Brazilian History and Culture mandatory, of the National Curricular Guidelines for the Education of Ethnic- Racial (Brazil, 2004), as well as Resolution CME 005/2009, of the Municipal Education Council of the city of São Carlos (São Carlos, 2009). The study methodology was qualitative, inspired by phenomenology, with the data collection procedure being systematic records of observations in field diaries. When constructing the results, we established the following categories: A) Being more and feeling welcomed in differences; B) Educate and educate yourself in and for the Education of Ethnic-Racial Relations; C) Affection, memories and ancestry. We consider that knowing and recognizing oneself in African and Afro-Brazilian history and culture, positive self-esteem, valuing hair, respect for differences, the feeling of ethnic-racial belonging, appreciation and pride in ancestry, were being built in the collective, establishing themselves as educational processes. We highlight that the continuity of anti-racist pedagogical practices, throughout the year, collaborative work (children, family members, teachers), with continued teacher training enhance the actions carried out that seek more humanizing practices and enhance the learning of our children. Joint actions that make us reflect on the importance of a new school and society project, in which the union of all instances and people from different segments is crucial, so that respect and acceptance of differences are present in pedagogical practices, curricula school and public policies.
Status da pesquisa, maturação de frutos e sementes de Physalis peruviana L.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Ferreira, Bianca Sabina Olmedo Monteiro
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
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França, Christiane de Fátima Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470912236544684
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0406702644219281
Physalis is a fruit of high commercial interest from Latin America, but still with low production in Brazil, mainly imported from Colombia. Regarding national production, there are still few studies on this species, especially those based on crop science aspects within agroecological principles. Therefore, this research aims to carry out a bibliometric analysis on Physalis sp. to evaluate the quality of seeds, post-harvest, and sensory characteristics of Physalis peruviana L. fruits during maturation. For bibliometric analysis, a search was carried out on the Web of Science only using the word “Physalis”, and the publications were classified into different categories considering six species of physalis, P. peruviana, P . angulata, P. alkekengi, P. ixocarpa, P. minima and P. pubescens. For the seed quality and post-harvest experiments, the fruits were harvested at five harvest points, taking into account the morphological marker calyx color: green, yellow-green, yellow, straw-yellow and straw. After extraction, the seeds from each treatment were evaluated for their physiological potential and health quality. To evaluate the fruits, length and diameter, mass, color, pH, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, mass loss and firmness were evaluated. Studies on physalis indexed in the Web of Science have increased in recent years, with Phytochemistry and Journal of Natural Products being the most relevant journals. The publications have been carried out by researchers from different countries, with emphasis on the United States, China, Brazil, Mexico and Colombia, with the Universidad Nacional de Colombia being the institution with the largest number of publications. P. peruviana was the most researched species in agronomy and food technology. For seed evaluation, the highest seedling emergence and emergence speed were verified in the yellow calyx point. During germination, the points with the highest value were straw-yellow and yellow calyx. The best physalis harvesting point for seed production is with the yellow calyx. In the fruits analysis, the highest value of masses, diameter, height, total soluble solids content and Maturation Index were observed in the most ripe harvest points, and the highest total titratable acidity content and loss of mass in the least ripe points. Fruits harvested with straw calyx tend to lose mass after a period of storage. Therefore, by the quality parameters and ability to maintain characteristics, the ideal harvest point for greater post-harvest use and product durability is the one with a straw-yellow calyx.
Nanofibras biodegradáveis eletrofiadas aplicadas à filtração de ar do SARS-CoV-2 Simulado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Mata, Gustavo Cardoso da
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Oliveira, Wanderley Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5252096748402646
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4356-2508
;
Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
One of the lasting outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic was the production and deposition of plastics. These materials, particularly disposable face masks, end up in the environment, releasing microplastics and other pollutants. Although the pandemic has ended, disposable face masks continue to be essential in healthcare services and major cities to mitigate the effects of increasing air pollution. This study aimed to create a viable alternative to disposable face masks made from non-degradable polymers. It utilized polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) as natural and biodegradable polymers to produce air filters using the electrospinning technique. Solution properties, such as rheology and conductivity, were investigated using Design of Experiments (DoE), particularly Response Surface Methodology (RSM), to optimize nanofiber production, dimensions, and air filtration capabilities, achieving filtration efficiencies of up to 99%, superior to N95 face masks. Nanostructures present in our electrospun fiber mat, known as spider-nets, were tailored to further enhance the fiber mat properties. Our tests also examined the mechanical properties of the air filters, adjusting their mechanical strength and hydrophobicity, further improving our fibers to withstand higher air filtration velocities. This study has already achieved its main goals, providing a viable and biodegradable alternative to traditional discardable facemasks, complying with regulations worldwide, and contributing to the current trend among scientists to transition to more ecological materials.
As competências gerenciais dos diretores de serviços administrativos das Faculdades de Tecnologia do núcleo regional de administração 10
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Arena, Beatriz
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Ubeda, Cristina Lourenço
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6696784421924024
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6460-9462
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1838954500761935
This research aims to map the important managerial competences for directors of administrative services at the Faculties of Technology of the Regional Center for Administration 10 in carrying out their duties. Managing people based on competences, by valuing human participation in work processes, is an efficient way to improve the quality of services provided by the public sector and, in this process, public managers play a fundamental role, requiring recognition of managerial competences for the development of personnel that provides the best performance of professionals and an alignment of organizational strategies. This also applies to the directors of administrative services of the Technology Faculties of the Regional Administration Center 10 – administered by the Paula Souza Center. Therefore, proposing to deepen the understanding of the topic of managerial competences in the public sector, this research conducted a systematic review of the literature. To map managerial competences, a single case study with a mixed approach (quali-quantitative) was carried out. Data collection was carried out through documentary research, semi-structured interviews with a People Development project coordinator from the Human Resources Unit and an online questionnaire applied to 86% of the administrative services directors of the Regional Administration Center 10. results indicate that (i) the directors attributed a high degree of importance to all 28 competences of the theoretical models studied, with predominance of the competences of the rational goals and human relations models and the public interest factor; that (ii) the mapping of the institution's competences is the result of an interest in adapting to legislation, which made the process time-consuming, as it is conducted informally; and even though (iii) there are competences established only in the evaluation of institutional performance with a very particular configuration. This study contributed with guidelines for mapping the managerial competences of directors of administrative services at a higher education institution in which people management by competency is in its initial stage.
Políticas públicas para a agricultura familiar no portal da Amazônia durante a pandemia de covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Oliveira, Ana Paula Rodrigues de
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Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan
;
Gervazio, Wagner
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0044300898154040
Family farmers are largely responsible for local food production. They manage their farmes using predominantly family labor, obtaining a large part of their income from this. Public policies are important for the socioeconomic development of these farmers, providing food security, income generation and well-being. In this context, the research developed aimed to analyze the execution of public policies for family farming in the Portal da Amazônia region during the Covid-19 pandemic through a diagnosis using secondary statistical data. The GeoDa software was used for data processing and geoprocessing. According to data from the agricultural census, the vast majority of family farming establishments have access to Pronaf and their main revenues come from agriculture, mainly from animal husbandry and the sale of their products. Regarding economic policies, the amounts executed from Pronaf increased considerably during the Covid-19 pandemic, which probably contributed to the maintenance of these farmers. The PNAE and PAA remained with few variations over the 6 years analyzed. Social policies, unlike what happened in urban areas, were not accessed in greater numbers during the pandemic period by family farmers.
Fenótipo da fragilidade ou sarcopenia de acordo com o EWGSOP2: qual o melhor preditor do risco de morte e incapacidade em pessoas idosas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Canelada, Aline Fernanda de Souza
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Oliveira, Cesar Messias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6763006996695958
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Alexandre, Tiago da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5393622641681701
Introduction: The central component of both frailty and sarcopenia is the decline of neuromuscular function and both conditions have been associated with an increased risk of disability and death. Despite being distinct conditions, frailty and sarcopenia often coexist in older people and both require the assessment of gait speed and grip strength. However, there is a question with regards to which would be better for identifying the risk of disability and mortality. Moreover, it is possible that one of the components of these two constructs could be better than the complete construct at identifying the risk of disability and the different cut-off points for grip strength proposed in the literature could affect the association with the risk of mortality. Objectives: The present theses has two objectives: 1) To compare the frailty phenotype and sarcopenia construct (EWGSOP2) using different cut-off points for defining low strength and identify which is better at identifying the risk of mortality in individuals ≥ 60 years of age over a 14-year follow-up period; and 2) Compare frailty, sarcopenia and their respective components to determine which best identifies the risk of disability on basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL, respectively). Methods: Data were collected on participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing ≥ 60 years of age. A total of 4,597 individuals were considered in the analysis of the risk of mortality, whereas 3,637 and 3,696 individuals without disability on BADL and IADL, respectively, at baseline were considered in the analysis of functional decline. Frailty was defined by the phenotype and sarcopenia was defined based on the EWGSOP2 criteria. In the analysis of mortality, different grip strength cut-off points were used to define low strength (< 36, < 32, < 30, < 27 and < 26 kg for men and < 23, < 21, < 20 and < 16 kg for women). In the analysis of disability, only one cut-off point was used: < 27 kg for men and < 16 kg for women. In both analyses, low skeletal muscle mass index (< 9.36 kg/m2 for men and < 6.73 kg/m2 for women) and low physical performance (gait speed ≤ 0.8 m/s) were added to the sarcopenia construct. In the analysis of disability, the complete frailty and sarcopenia constructs were considered as well as each of the respective components analyzed individually. Adjusted Cox models were used for the survival analyses and adjusted Poisson mixed models were used to analyze the incidence of disability in eight years. Results: To identify the risk of death, sarcopenia with a grip strength cut-off point of < 36 kg for men and < 23 kg for women was best (severe sarcopenia: 62%; versus frail: 49%) compared to frailty and other cut-off points to define low strength. With regards to disability, low physical performance (annual risk of 12% on BADL and 14% on IADL) assessed by gait speed ≤ 0.8 m/s was as effective as frailty (annual risk of 27% on BADL and 28% on IADL) for the assessment of the incidence of functional decline. Conclusions: The sarcopenia construct using a grip strength cut-off point of < 36 kg for men and < 23 kg for women for the definition of low strength was the best predictor of mortality, whereas the low physical performance component only (gait speed ≤ 0.8 m/s) was as effective as the frailty phenotype at identifying functional decline.
Proposta do padrão oficial de classificação do açúcar mascavo: uma perspectiva ontológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Godoy, José Luis Franco de
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Borsatto, Ricardo Serra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5988987575101933
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7594-479X
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Verruma-Bernardi, Marta Regina
In Brazil, agricultural food products, whether domestic or imported, are regulated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock through an official classification standard, according to the Federal Law No. 9.972:2000, ensuring consumer quality and safety, preventing fraud or imitation. Instruction Normative No. 47:2018, which classified crystalline and liquid sugars, excluded mascavo sugar, a product considered natural or gourmet and a potential economic source for family agriculture. Through qualitative bibliographic research, ontological analysis, and multivariate statistical analysis, the study aimed to develop a text for technical grounding of an official classification standard, characterizing mascavo sugar into classes and types. Sugarcane juice was defined as the raw material, with industrial and artisanal manufacturing processes, and intended for direct consumption. Quality parameters proposed were a minimum polarization of 84.0 °Z, maximum moisture content of 5.0%, maximum conductimetric ashes of 2.5%, and maximum reducing sugars of 8.0%. The inclusion in legislation of an exclusive class for mascavo sugar of granulated and amorphous types was proposed, which was evaluated and accepted by market agents involved in research, production, and commercialization of the product.
Os sentidos das intervenções de terapeutas ocupacionais em saúde mental na perspectiva do sujeito das ações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-27)
Krutli, Renata Luiza dos Santos
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Constantinidis, Teresinha Cid
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4643210072691267
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9712-3362
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0833035374529109
The usage of activities in the mental health field is not exclusive to occupational therapy; it is an extremely relevant resource in the psychosocial care practice which aims to create inclusive and emancipatory strategies of social participation. Studies show that occupational therapy is strong in its clinical and interdisciplinary work but has difficulties in affirming its own boundaries as a discipline. This work points to the need to better understand the practice of occupational therapy in the field of mental health alongside the subjects of health care actions; to identify how the occupational therapist is included in the lives of these subjects through their narratives; as well as valuing the perspective of these subjects on the processes that are experienced with the professionals. Therefore, this master’s thesis aimed to understand and analyze the life history of occupational therapy subjects in the field of mental health focusing on the meaning of these therapy processes and meetings according to the perspectives of these actors. This is qualitative study conducted using oral history as the method for data collection. The research participants were three attendees of an adult Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS III) in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The data was analyzed in two stages: the first focused on processing the interviews and textual construction following the guidelines of the oral history method; and the second focused on processing the data from the stories and coding them through Content Analysis. From the study of the thematic axis “Processes of care in occupational therapy,” regularities and discursive peculiarities were found and outlined three themes: 1. Life story; 2. Relationship with the CAPS; 3. Encounter with occupational therapy. Through the of themes “Life story” and “Relationship with the CAPS,” a lot was observed about the field of mental health in the Brazilian context and about the unique life trajectory of each participant in relation to the CAPS. The Care Center was described as a space for hospitality, listening, coexistence; but topics related to medical rationality, medicalization and the pathologization of life were brought up. In the theme “Encounter with occupational therapy”, the participants in this research brought the perspective of meeting someone who can take care of them. The meanings conveyed were related to a professional who encourages users to move forward in life, who provokes them, who uses tools to promote inclusion, who is willing to guarantee the subject's accessibility to their group and territory. Through the protagonism of the subjects who met with the occupational therapist, it was possible to understand the subjects' experiences with the occupational therapist and with occupational therapy. The participants in this research brought the perspective of their encounter with occupational therapy through the actions of the occupational therapist and from there it was possible to trace the framework, tools, and outlines of the professional core of occupational therapy that favored these encounters and the care offered to subjects.