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Confinamento de nanopartículas de ZrO2 e Cu em nanotubos de carbono para hidrogenação de CO2 em metanol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Iwasaki, Mariana Tiemi; Bueno, José Maria Corrêa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1600626733759940; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9999-3812
The CO2 hydrogenation reaction is a promising reaction because it enables the reduction of CO2 in the atmosphere and the utilization of H2 from renewable sources to produce useful chemical products for society. However, it is necessary to develop catalysts that are active, stable and selective to the desired product. Therefore, in this work, copper and zirconia catalysts supported on carbon nanotubes (CNT) were developed and their catalytic activity in the CO2 hydrogenation reaction to methanol was verified. The CNT catalysts were prepared by incipient impregnation and characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), RAMAN spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), temperature programmed reduction in hydrogen (H2-TPR) and N2 physisorption. Catalytic tests were carried out in a fixed bed reactor, with catalyst reduction at 1 bar and 300°C in H2 for 1 hour, followed by the CO2 hydrogenation reaction at 30 bar and 250°C with a mixture of 3H2:1CO2 for 10 hours. TEM images showed metallic oxide particles of CuO and/or ZrO2 with size 1-10 nm dispersed inside the CNTs. In the catalytic tests, the 10Cu/CNT catalyst showed low CO2 conversion (~5%) and high CO selectivity (~70%), indicating that methanol is produced by the reverse water gas shift reaction and CO hydrogenation pathway. The Cu/Zr, Cu/Zr/CNT and Zr/Cu/CNT catalysts are highly selective to methanol (~85%), indicating that ZrO2 and the Cu-O-Zr interface are important active sites for methanol production. The Cu/Zr/CNT, Zr/Cu/CNT and Cu/Zr catalysts showed a period of instability in methanol selectivity of 4 h, corresponding to a transient state in which a structural change is occurring in the catalyst during the reaction at 30 bar and 250ºC, that makes them more selective to methanol. The Zr/Cu/CNT catalyst can be reused, but it takes around 6 hours to stabilize the methanol selectivity. In the catalytic stability test, the Zr/Cu/CNT catalyst remained stable during the 54.5 h reaction, ending the reaction with a CO2 conversion of 30% and methanol selectivity of 89%. Therefore, the Zr/Cu/CNT catalyst is active, stable and methanol selective.
Visões Deformadas da Ciência e da Tecnologia: uma análise de livros didáticos de Física do PNLD 2018
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Pecci, Matheus Guilherme; Moraes, Letícia Estevão; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4358189417039369; Gebara, Maria José Fontana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6585493065968961; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5833205379645035
The Nature of Science is related to consensual characteristics concerning science, the construction of scientific knowledge, the image of the scientist, and the relationships between science, society, the environment, and technology. These factors acknowledge that science is a human activity, subject to changes, failures, and errors, not produced individually and in isolation, and not adhering to a single method, nor related to the idea that it holds absolute truth. Conceptions about the Nature of Science that advocate for a neutral, decontextualized, individual science, incapable of making errors, and based on a single universal scientific method are aspects that constitute what Cachapuz et al. (2011) call Deformed Views of Science and Technology. These Deformed Views, when manifested by teachers in Basic Education, can reach students during the teaching and learning processes, leading them to incorporate these views into their imagination. Such views distance students from scientific activities, as they reveal a science that is unattainable and disconnected from their realities. In addition to the process of receiving and transmitting these views linked to teachers' discourses, other materials are potentially related to them, such as textbooks, which are elaborated by teachers and may reveal their inadequate conceptions of science. These books, distributed in schools through the National Textbook Program (PNLD), may be accessible to students. In this sense, this research aims to ascertain whether and what views on the Nature of Science are present in Physics textbooks used in basic education. Thus, in order to answer the question "What views on the Nature of Science are found in PNLD 2018 Physics textbooks?". To do this, we investigated the initial chapters of the first volume of the twelve collections of Physics textbooks approved by PNLD 2018. We used Bardin's Content Analysis (2016) to map the views on the Nature of Science present in these chapters, with the analysis descriptors based on the Deformed Views of Science and Technology. The analysis revealed that the seven Deformed Views were identified in the analyzed chapters. Regarding their occurrence, the views Exclusively Analytical (31%) and Empirical-Inductivist and Atheoretical (24%) were the most frequent, while the views Linear Growth Accumulative (2%) and Aproblematic and Ahistorical (7%) appeared less frequently. The prevalence of deformed views on the Nature of Science in textbooks is concerning, as it can lead students to develop a limited and distorted view of science. It is important for teachers to be aware of these views and seek to overcome them in their pedagogical practices, using teaching methodologies that promote critical and reflective debate on the Nature of Science.
Formação continuada de professores/as dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental em matemática: uma revisão sistemática de artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos - 2018 a 2023
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Vasconcelos, Driele Brasil; Braga, Fabiana Marini; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1103496815216263; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6892-2752; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1824836805501720; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6185-8506
The continuing education of teachers, when it comes to satisfaction research, appears increasingly discredited. Research shows that the ongoing teacher training currently offered is, for the most part, disconnected from the real needs of teachers and the teaching-learning process. Few continuing teacher training programs offered seek to overcome the gap: continuing teacher training and educational improvement for students. When analyzing the performance of Brazilian students in mathematics in national and international external assessments, it is noted that, with regard to mathematical proficiency, the national average achieved is significantly lower than the average performance achieved by dozens of other countries evaluated. Considering that current national and international research states that teacher training is directly related to student performance and impacts the quality of education, this bibliographical research – systematic review, developed in the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGE) of the Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos Campus, in the line of Research “School Education – Theories and Practices” had the general objective of analyzing national and international articles published in the last five years (2018-2023) on the bases of data from SciElo.org, Scopus and Web of Science with the theme “continuing training of teachers in the initial years of primary education in mathematics”, in order to identify how it has been approached and/or related to student learning/ to the. The study presents a rich collection of data and results, analyzed using a mixed approach and Bardin's (2016) content analysis techniques. The results showed that no Brazilian study developed in the last five years with the theme “continuing training of teachers in the initial years in mathematics” related and/or measured the impact of the continued training of teachers in the initial years in mathematics on the learning of students. We present a detail on how international articles measuring the impact of teachers' continuing education on student learning were structured and developed. The analyzes and results of this study can support future Brazilian research that may have this same intention. Future research can also explore spaces for dialogical training of teachers in the format of dialogical pedagogical gatherings aimed at teaching and learning the subject of mathematics in the early years of elementary school, incorporating the guidelines of recent national and international research, regulations and current national guidelines and reports from current international organizations.
Plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos na Amazônia paraense: elo ancestral entre natureza e saúde para políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Melo, Meury da Silva; Weihs, Marla Leci; Sais, Adriana Cavalieri; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0115095851353833; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8651461170887008; Oliveira, Renata Evangelista de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6777223792862756; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8189723830463914
Several rural communities value the conservation of nature and its use, managing medicinal plants, handling, and using natural medicines as symbol of their culture. This study aimed to understand the characterization, spatialization and use of medicinal plants and integrative health practices in three municipalities (Bragança, Tracuateua and Augusto-Corrêa, Pará State), in Brazilian Amazon. Based on the content of the “National Policy on Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapeutics” (PNPMF), and on the “National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices” (PNPIC, from Brazilian Public Health Service – SUS), we collected data from rural communities and public health entities and professionals. This is an exploratory and descriptive research with mixed qualitative and quantitative methodologies. To identify the species used in the communities, secondary data were used (from lists of species already produced in previous surveys), from 47 rural communities, in the three municipalities. The location of citations was carried out using the Global Satellite Navigation System, the points were imported into QGIS 3.26 and their correspondence to the satellite images contained in Google Earth was verified, to create maps. We had 77 employees from four Basic Health Units involved in the survey (Manoel dos Santos - in Tracuateua, Almoço and Alto-Paraíso – in Bragança, and Buçu – in Augusto Corrêa), from different expertise areas: doctors, dentists, nurses, oral health assistants, community health agents, security guards, drivers, and administrative work professionals. To analyze the use of medicinal plants and the knowledge about them, and the knowledge about public policies, interviews and questionnaires were applied. Thematic maps were prepared with the location of the communities, with the number of species per community, with the characterization of life forms of the identified species, and with the number of species with potential for cultivation. Of the 137 species surveyed, 45% were native. The dominant families were Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. Life forms were herbs (36%), shrubs (30%), trees (28%) and lianas (6%). The ways of obtaining plants in the communities were exchange (33%), cultivation (30%), purchase (22%) and extraction (15%). People in the study area have and afro-indigenous origin and the practice of health care with medicinal plants among them is frequent. No services involving medicinal plants are offered in the public health system. There is no relationship between professionals acting in the public health system and the “healing agents” of the communities, and the public health service employees’ knowledge about the PNPMF and PNPIC is still incipient.
A rua pela população em situação de rua: perspectivas múltiplas na produção do sensível
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Ribeiro, Fernanda de Cássia; Silva, Carla Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6417501858864106; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-8340; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9629509960388316; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9012-5880
Esta investigación explora el territorio de lo sensible, abordando problemáticas cotidianas que enfrentan las personas en situación de calle y usuarios de los servicios de asistencia social de la Secretaría Municipal de Ciudadanía y Asistencia Social (SMCAS) de São Carlos-SP, buscando una comprensión sensible y multifacéticade sus realidades.el objetivo central fue mapear perspectivas plurales sobre/con las personas sin hogar, a partir de la invitación y percepción de expresiones creativas en su vida cotidiana, y crear un repositorio subjetivo y sensible sobre este tema. Utilizando un enfoque cualitativo y una metodología de investigación de intervención cartográfica, la disertación se basa en el arte relacional y la Constelación de Actividades Humanas y Terapia Ocupacional (AHTO) de la Universidad Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). Se realizaron encuentros estructurados en talleres artísticos y paseos por los territorios, proponiendo procesos creativos que presentaron las experiencias de vida en las calles, reflexionando y cuestionando representaciones y estereotipos sociales. En estos encuentros resaltamos el valor que se le da no sólo a lo que se produce al final (resultado), sino también al proceso creativo en sí y a las interacciones entre las personas. Estos elementos (proceso e interacción) son esenciales tanto en el arte como en la terapia ocupacional, ya que ambos se centran en el desarrollo personal, la expresión y la conexión humana. Como resultado, se presenta un conjunto de narrativas individuales y colectivas, compuestas por expresiones y creaciones realizadas por los participantes, incluyendo textos visuales y verbales, un diario de campo y las creaciones del investigador. Las conclusiones resaltan el valor de escuchar atentamente las experiencias de las personas que viven en la calle y las prácticas creativas y potencialmente transformadoras que permitieron a los participantes acceder a sus registros y marcas personales desde otra perspectiva, revelando nuevas capas de significado en la relacióncon vivir en las calles. La propuesta de conectar y promover la convivencia entre palabras, experiencias, expresiones y pertenencias configura y humaniza las huellas y caminos expresivos de las personas involucradas en esta investigación. Tanto la terapia ocupacional como el arte utilizan la creatividad como una forma de expresarse y afirmarse en el mundo. Vistas como formas de afrontar la vida, encontrar significado y conectarse con otras personas, estas prácticas, cuando se integran, generan significado en las experiencias y refuerzan la idea de pertenencia e identidad.
O papel das alterações dos receptores androgênicos na hipertrofia muscular induzida pelo treinamento de força
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Bergamasco, João Guilherme Almeida; Roberts, Michael D.; Libardi, Cleiton Augusto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9003-7610; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9746229265588551; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8797-9762
The expression of androgen receptors (AR) has been highlighted as a potential mechanism for muscle hypertrophy. However, little is known about the associations between acute and chronic changes in total AR, cytoplasmic AR (cAR), nuclear AR (nAR), and AR-DNA content induced by resistance training (RT) and muscle hypertrophy in women and men. Furthermore, it is unknown whether these acute and chronic changes can explain the differences in the magnitude of hypertrophic responses between non-responders and responders to RT. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the acute and chronic effects of RT on total AR, cAR, nAR, and AR-DNA content in women and men. Additionally, it was investigated whether these acute and chronic changes in AR molecular markers are associated with muscle hypertrophy in both sexes. Finally, we sought to identify if there are differences between nonresponders and responders in both baseline contents and acute and chronic changes in AR markers resulting from RT. Thirty-eight untrained young individuals (19 women and 19 men) underwent 10 weeks of RT. Participants that did not present increases in muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) greater than 2 typical errors, considering two mCSA measurements, were considered nonresponders and responders were numerically matched accordingly. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle were performed at baseline (i.e., before the training period), 24 hours after the first RT session (acute responses), and 96-120 hours after the last training session (chronic responses). AR, cAR, and nAR protein contents were analyzed by Western blotting, while AR-DNA was analyzed by oligonucleotide-ELISA assay. Immunohistochemistry was used for fiber type analysis and cross-sectional area (fCSA), and ultrasonography was used to determine the mCSA. At baseline, men showed greater nAR content compared to women. Additionally, there was a significant association between baseline cAR and type II fCSA hypertrophy for men. Regarding acute results, both sexes showed decreased AR, cAR, and nAR, while men demonstrated greater decreases in nAR. After 10 weeks of RT, men showed greater cAR compared to women, while both sexes decreased AR-DNA levels, and AR or nAR remained unchanged. Acute or chronic responses of AR, cAR, nAR, and AR-DNA did not correlate with hypertrophy in women or men. There were no significant differences between nonresponders and responders for most AR markers in baseline contents or acute and chronic changes induced by RT. However, there was a significant difference between nonresponders (+19.5%) and responders (-14.4%) in acute AR-DNA activity (ES = -1.39; 95% CI: -2.53 to -0.16). Baseline cAR content potentially influences hypertrophy in men, whereas acute or chronic changes in AR or its fractions are not associated with muscle hypertrophy in women or men. Finally, the present findings study do not support AR markers as a mechanism capable of explaining differences in the magnitude of hypertrophic responses to RT in untrained young women and men.
Vigilância digital e suas implicações no âmbito da educação: uma revisão sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Sgoti, Rogério Ferreira; Iasulaitis, Sylvia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4226275371443693; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3526-1003; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6363784529628287; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-8587
In the contemporary context of a digital culture already deeply rooted in current societies, this study aimed to analyze how the theme of "digital surveillance" has been addressed in the scientific literature in the Brazilian context, especially in its ramifications in the educational field. Thus, through an exploratory study with a qualitative-quantitative approach, enabled by the execution of a systematic literature review, the contexts of surveillance capitalism, algorithmic modulation, and data colonialism were analyzed in their influences in the field of education. In this sense, digitally vigilant practices carried out on networked digital platforms, owned by information technology mega corporations (big techs), have also been exercised in the educational context. This panorama, heavily impacted by the migration of pedagogical activities to online educational platforms caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, exposed the education sector to a market in which personal data and data from interactions on networked platforms are highly valuable. Through this study, it was possible to understand the phenomenon of digital surveillance based on scientific production in the national context. However, it was considered that the quantity of publications addressing the theme is still incipient, especially with its focus on education.
Estudo da preparação de vidros e vitrocerâmicas óxidas por meio de levitação aerodinâmica utilizando fusão a laser
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Almeida, Natã Pereira de; Gunnewiek, Rodolfo Foster Klein; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5185829124608696; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8074-3100; Andreeta, Marcello Rubens Barsi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7904227795652627; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8436-5706; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8592645730018646; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4741-8610
The study of new routes for the preparation of glass-ceramics has been gaining increasing prominence in science. The aerodynamic levitation technique allows the obtaining of glassy and glass-ceramic materials from compounds that would have difficulty vitrifying under conventional conditions and, due to the lack of contact with any surface, can reduce the possibility of heterogeneous crystallization. Aerodynamic levitation also enables the production of miniaturized elements with a high degree of finish, being essentially ready for use in devices (avoiding cutting and polishing steps). In this doctoral thesis, glasses and glass-ceramics from the BaO – TiO2 – SiO2 – Al2O3 system were studied with and without the substitution of 23 mol% of Ca in the Ba site, aiming to obtain the crystalline phases Barium Titanate (BT) and Barium Calcium Titanate (BCT). The aerodynamic levitation system used is a modification (patent pending) that allows better heat distribution in the sample and utilizes lower-cost materials, further reducing the production cost of the material. The amorphous condition of the produced glasses was confirmed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). After thermal treatment, the presence of the BT and BCT phases was confirmed through XRD, Raman Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). During the process development, it was noted that glasses without the presence of Al2O3 did not show the formation of the BT phase, a fact reported in the literature, but never systematically discussed or explained. Thus, various molecular dynamics simulations were performed to evaluate the structure of the studied glasses. From the molecular dynamics, it was also possible to obtain data that allowed the development of a thermodynamic model (unprecedented for non-stoichiometric crystallization) to explain the crystallization differences in the studied glasses, concluding that the residual glass plays an important role in the crystallization.
Cooperativismo no Sudeste do Brasil e particularidades de uma cooperativa de agricultura urbana e agroecológica em São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Pilatti, Daniella Figuerôa; Duval, Henrique Carmona; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1127516712972199; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-7579; Montebello, Adriana Estela Sanjuan; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4326971138357942; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2822-6434; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7001753915838500
It can be seen that the hegemonic model of agricultural production has not been enough to deal with the socio-environmental demands of the countryside in Brazil, highlighting a need for change in what is understood and practiced as Rural Development. Therefore, this study aimed to find out what actions family farms associated with cooperatives take to implement their businesses guided by the paradigm of Sustainable Rural Development and Agroecology. In order to achieve the research objective, it was deemed necessary to understand and analyze the productive and administrative process employed within a rural cooperation context, as well as the motivations of associated family farmers to produce in a sustainable manner. To this end, a quantitative and qualitative approach was chosen, structured through bibliographic surveys, an exploratory and analytical survey of data from the 2017 Agricultural Census, and field research in an agroecological cooperative in the state of São Paulo, where semi-structured interviews were conducted, aiming to establish an overview of the work of agricultural cooperatives in the Southeast region. Better percentages were identified in family farming establishments associated with cooperatives in terms of social development aspects, but the opposite was true when studying aspects related to environmental conservation and preservation, although there were variations between the states. Meanwhile, the study on cooperative revealed the benefits of cooperatives in environmental terms, but serious limitations in socio-economic terms, mainly due to administrative inexperience.
Desenvolvimento de dispositivo eletroquímico e sua aplicação na detecção de anticorpos voltados para o diagnóstico de hanseníase
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Oliveira, Izabelly Karol Poncio de; Faria, Ronaldo Censi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8659496864305621; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-9597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7808988954471516
Leprosy is a neglected tropical disease, caused by the bacteria Mycobacterim leprae that mainly affects the peripheral nerves, and its diagnosis is mostly carried out through clinical examination. In this work, a magneto-immunoassay was developed for the detection of anti-M. leprae in serum using silver nanoparticles as an electrochemical marker, aiming for its application in the diagnosis of leprosy. For this purpose, electrochemical devices were made screen-printed with carbon ink and magnets were glued to the base of each working electrode. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized and characterized by both UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Magnetic particles (PM) modified with synthetic peptides obtained from the M. leprae protein 85B were used. Furthermore, the AgNPs were labeled with an anti-human IgG secondary antibody, so that the final PM/Pep-Anti-M bioconjugate was formed. leprae-Anti-IgG/AgNP, which is used to perform electrochemical measurements on electrodes printed using the Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) technique. The nanoparticles presented adequate and satisfactory characteristics for immunoassays, being consistent with the reference. Confirmation of the connection between the secondary antibody and the silver nanoparticle occurred through UV-vis characterization. Univariate optimizations of the method were carried out, as well as experimental planning. With both, it was possible to find the best conditions among those evaluated, ultimately obtaining a ROC curve with an area over the curve (AUC) value of 0.813. In this way, it was possible to differentiate healthy samples from samples infected with multibacillary leprosy, being considered a cheaper method as it uses silver nanoparticles as an electrochemical marker, when compared to other nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles. It can also be considered a promising method to be used in the diagnosis of leprosy.
Revisão de escopo sobre instrumentos de avaliação utilizados em Terapia Assistida por Cães
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Bruno, Caroline Cristina; Figueiredo, Mirela de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3660487766535040; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0101-0115; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7167714942830146; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-6911
Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) is a type of Animal-Assisted Intervention (AAI) that consists of the intentional incorporation of an animal species in a therapeutic intervention according to previously defined objectives. The dog is one of the animals most frequently incorporated into AAT. There is literature that indicates the need for reliable measures to evaluate the effectiveness and benefits of this type of therapy. The study by Wilson and Netting (2012) was about the status of the development of assessment tools/instruments in the field of Human-Animal Interactions (HAI), with AAT falling within this field, but this field is not limited to AAI, nor this type of therapy. This study agreed with 140 evaluation tools/instruments, of which only 6 were specific for evaluating the effectiveness of some type of AAI. Of these 6, 4 were used in AAT, one in Animal Assisted Activity (AAA) and one in Animal Assisted Education (AAE), with the dog being the animal incorporated in 5 of the studies and the horse in one. Wilson and Netting (2012) conclude that based on the data found, it is not possible to carry out a meta-analysis on the current state of tools/instruments in the field of HAI and indicate the need for new reviews on the tools/instruments used, focusing on the purpose of their use . In this direction, we carried out a review of tools/instruments used in some type of AAI, specifically in AAT, a series of academic relevance contributing to the advancement and deepening of knowledge about reliable measures for evaluating the effectiveness and benefits of such type of therapy. Objectives: a) identify, characterize and evaluate the levels of evidence of studies on canine-assisted therapy that used evaluation tools/instruments that measure the effects of such therapy, b) identify and describe the evaluation tools/instruments. Methodology: scoping review in the National Library of Medicine's (PubMed), Elsevier's, Scielo and Google Scholar databases in the period from 2009 to 2023. Two searches were carried out, using the Boolean search strategy, with different descriptors, in the first search adopted - if “animal assisted intervention” AND/OR “animal assisted therapy”, in the second search we used “bonding” AND/OR “human-pet” (the same descriptors as Wilson and Netting (2012). The Rayyan platform was used to data organization. Data analysis was firstly quantitative, with the sum of the publications found and the final sample, with the findings expressed in a flowchart, graphs and tables. Secondly, the analysis was qualitative, involving the reading of all publications in the data. integrates and extracts information that answers the investigative questions. In the first search, 401 publications were found, after removing 14 duplicates. In the second search, 546 studies were found, after removing 33 duplicates. After reading the titles and abstracts, 397 publications from the first search and 545 publications from the second search were excluded, as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. However, the only publication from the second was a duplicate of a publication found in the first. Thus, the final sample consisted of 4 publications. Results: The sample was composed of publications by Silva and Osório (2018), Ávila Álvarez et al. (2020), Walden et al. (2020) and Moreira et al. (2016), and in all of them, canine-assisted therapy was carried out in children aged between 30 months and 12 years. In the study by Silva and Osório (2018), which evaluated the impressions of children undergoing outpatient cancer treatment about the Canine Assisted Therapy (CAT) program in which they participated, this assessment took place using an instrument created by the authors, consisting of five questions and not validated. In the study by Ávila-Álvarez et al. (2020) evaluated the effects of CAT in the area of social participation and changes that occur in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the evaluation took place through the questionnaire created by Richeson and McCullough (2002) composed of nine items, with questions on the frequency of child-dog interaction, which was previously validated by the authors who created it. The study by Walden et al. (2020) evaluated the impact of TAC on hospitalized children using a questionnaire with 5 questions, created by Wu et al. (2002), not yet validated. The study by Moreira et al. (2016) interviewed ten guardians and six nurses who were present in the oncological treatment process of children and adolescents who underwent TAC.
Desafios éticos da precificação com inteligência artificial: uma análise interdisciplinar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Schmiedel, Carlos Eduardo; Ramalho, Rogério de Sá; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5602653417743793; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8491-3514; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0886875190869339; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2565-8880; Rezende, Solange Oliveira; Amaral, Roniberto Morato do; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8526960535874806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6958372164719600; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5233-7639; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9816-231X
This master's dissertation explores the ethical challenges associated with the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pricing strategies, offering an interdisciplinary analysis grounded in Information Science. As digital technologies increasingly permeate the retail sector, ethical considerations in AI-driven pricing mechanisms become crucial due to their significant social impacts, including potential discrimination and price manipulation. This research deeply examines the intersection of technology, ethics, and economics within pricing practices, focusing on the transformative role of AI in establishing dynamic and personalized pricing models. Through an extensive literature review and case study analysis, this study highlights the dual potential of AI to both enhance pricing efficiency and perpetuate unethical practices such as discriminatory pricing. It emphasizes the importance of ethical pricing not only in adhering to legal compliance but also in fostering consumer trust and corporate responsibility. The findings reveal that while technological advancements facilitate the implementation of sophisticated pricing models, they also raise significant ethical concerns that require rigorous transparency and regulatory oversight. The thesis advocates for the development of clear ethical pricing policies that outline fair pricing practices and improve transparency in AI applications. It proposes the integration of Explainable AI (XAI) to demystify AI operations for consumers, reducing suspicions of manipulation and promoting fairness. Additionally, it calls for robust regulatory frameworks aligned with the rapid pace of technological change to ensure that AI-enhanced pricing strategies positively contribute to social equity and corporate accountability. This research contributes to academic discourse by providing a nuanced understanding of the ethical implications of AI in pricing, offering guidelines for companies to implement ethical practices, and suggesting areas for future research in AI pricing regulation and governance. In doing so, it aims to pave the way for more equitable economic practices that harness the potential of AI while safeguarding against its risks.
Efeitos adversos de lixiviados de bitucas e filtros de cigarros no crescimento de uma macrófita flutuante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Yoshida, Luana Lume; Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6048-0745; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6843542962529230; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7210-7873
Annually, trillions of cigarette butts are inappropriately discarded in public areas, and through runoff water, they can be inserted into aquatic ecosystems and interact with biota. In this context, the objective of this research was to evaluate the interference of leachates from smoked and unsmoked cigarette butts and filters on the growth of the macrophyte Salvinia auriculata. Nine treatments were performed: (i) control (CT); and leachates from (i) smoked cigarette butts (SB); (ii) unsmoked cigarette butts (USB); (iii) smoked cigarette filters (SF); and (iv) unsmoked cigarette filters (USF), all in four concentrations: 1.0; 1.75; 2.5, and 5.0 butts/filters per liter. Fifty ramets (with two initial leaves each) of the macrophyte were used for each concentration. Through analysis with the Image J software, growth was monitored for nine weeks of weekly photographic records of the macrophytes leaf areas. The growth coefficient (μ) was obtained by adjusting the leaf areas to the logistic model. The CT presented the largest accumulated growth area (12.66 cm² d-1) and the highest growth coefficient value (0.28 d-1). In leachate, the minimum values for the growth area were 9.60 cm² d-1 (SB; p = 0.001), 9.13 cm² d-1 (USF; p = 1.53 x 10-5), 4.03 cm² d-1 (SF; p = 1.29 x 10-5) and 3.59 cm² d-1 (USB; p = 1.51 x 10-6); and for growth velocity they were 0.04 d-1 (SB, SF and USF) and 0.08 d-1 (USB). Thus, the doubling time of S. auriculata increased in contact with cigarette butts and filters. The interference with growth may have derived from the reduction of photosynthetic pigments in the macrophytes, which, in the CT, had a chlorophyll-a content of 0.098 mg DM, chlorophyll-b of 0.047 mg DM and carotenoids of 15.77 mg DM. Although not all leachate concentrations significantly reduced pigments, chlorophyll-a was reduced by up to 0.046 mg DM (SB; p = 0.002), 0.045 mg DM (USB; p = 4.47 x 10-4) and 0.028 mg DM (SF; p = 0.001). Chlorophyll-b was decreased by up to 0.019 mg DM (SB; p = 0.026), 0.016 mg DM (USB; p = 0.006), and 0.013 mg DM (SF; p = 0.011), and carotenoids were reduced by up to 5.54 mg DM (USB; p = 0.009), and 3.87 mg DM (SF; p = 0.001). In addition to reducing pigments, the more acidic leachate with greater electrical conductivity may have contributed to the reduction in macrophyte growth. Among the four types of leachate, the SF derivative showed greater toxicity potential compared to the leachate derived from cigarette butts. The presence of cigarette butts and filters in aquatic ecosystems reduces the growth of S. auriculata, both in the leaf area and in its speed, interfering with its ecological function as a primary producer in the aquatic food chain.
Ensino de leitura para uma criança com autismo baseado em jogos de mesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-05-29) Zagato, Bruno; Elias, Nassim Chamel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-623X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1798414908590733; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8802-479X
Reading proficiency is an important factor in academic success, as it allows students to understand material, obtain information and be active participants in other school activities. Reading, in certain cases and situations, can be a difficult skill to master for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Due to the difference in sensory framework, information processing and language skills, students with ASD can suffer major deficits in the development of reading skills. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of responding in board games on the emergence or improvement of reading performance in children with ASD. The procedure used was based on identity pairing attempts between pictures and words, arbitrary pairing between pictures and words in four board games (memory, bingo, connect words and word search) and the use of differential consequences. The participants were children diagnosed with ASD. The design consisted of a baseline reading test, application of the games in a teaching situation and a reading post-test and follow-up. Thus, the research had one participant and the results indicated the emergence of reading twelve words and the achievement of learning performance in all the games.