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Estratégias educativas para o autocuidado: percepções de pacientes traqueostomizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21)
Guermandi, Maísa
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Zanatta-Protti, Simone Teresinha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6772128930979370
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Girão, Fernanda Berchelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9999840170649511
To explore the perception of tracheostomized patients regarding educational strategies for self-care. Methodological process: A descriptive exploratory, qualitative study, conducted after receiving approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee. The study population consisted of patients treated at the Amaral Carvalho Hospital (HAC) who underwent a tracheostomy procedure during the data collection period between August 2023 and March 2024 and were scheduled for an outpatient follow-up visit. The main researcher recruited participants by making daily contact with the nursing team at the institution's Surgical Center to obtain information about the surgical schedule. When a discharge plan was identified for a tracheostomized patient, they were invited to voluntarily participate in the study. The study was conducted in three phases: Phase 1: A semi-structured interview was conducted, followed by a pre training session with an expositive-dialogued class; Phase 2: Educational strategies were implemented, with participants randomized into two groups: the "folder group," trained using the institution's traditional printed folder, and the "skills training group," trained in simulated skills; Phase 3: A semi-structured interview was conducted during the outpatient follow-up visit. The interviews were audio-recorded, and patients were offered breaks of 10 to 15 minutes as needed. The collected information from the interviews was analyzed using the Thematic Analysis technique. Results and discussions: Participants reported relief after the tracheostomy procedure due to improved breathing. However, fear, changes in body image, and apprehension about self-care were also common. Participants valued both the folder and skills training educational strategies but felt insecure about cleaning the cannula at home. The use of educational strategies shows promise in engaging patients in self-care, but health professionals must be adept at identifying and integrating these resources into their practice to meet individual needs and contexts. Conclusion: Regardless of the educational strategy used, there was a low incidence of participants who felt genuinely motivated and confident to implement self-care. A more in-depth evaluation of the variables affecting individuals' motivation and safety in self-care is recommended to develop new and effective strategies.
Dimensionamento de um sistema de painéis solares para a produção de hidrogênio a partir de eletrolisador no LH2M/DEMa/UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21)
Romano, Lucas Fernando
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Zepon, Guilherme
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
The Center for Advanced Materials and Energy Research (CPqMAE) is a Multidisciplinary Unit of the Center for Exact Sciences and Technology (CCET) at UFSCar. Among the laboratories within this center is the Hydrogen in Metals Laboratory (LH2M), which is responsible for the development of technologies for hydrogen production and storage. With the ongoing global technological development, resulting in increased consumption of electricity and non-renewable sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas, there is a quest for renewable energy solutions such as solar power. In this study, the sizing of an off-grid photovoltaic system connected to an electrolyzer was conducted, aiming at hydrogen production, and its economic viability was also assessed through positive NPV, for the implementation of the project at LH2M of UFSCar. For the sizing, 54 photovoltaic modules of 660 W Vertex model and a 12 kW PEM electrolyzer LBEX-P20K were used.
Eurocentrismo no livro didático de História: um estudo enunciativo da argumentação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21)
Freitas, Bárbara de Souza
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Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9310293874906050
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-286X
Colonization of America is a landmark in history when we think about power relationships stablished among different folks. This process of colonization creates dualities that differs European and non-European, white people and non-white people, colonizer and colonized, civilized and savage. These dualities arise from race concept, which infiltrates this relationship among folks in the colonies and puts European people in evidence, as they are superior to the others. From this process, the eurocentrism concept arises, which means to put the European as center of development, progress, reference in politics, economy and social issues. Thinking about the impacts of this in social relationships and, more specifically, in Education and knowledge built in schools, we study this topic in teaching materials. This work aims to investigate how history textbooks present Eurocentric positions by making an enunciative semantic analysis of argumentation on these teaching materials. We base our work on the Historic Semantics of the Enunciation/Semantics of the Event and we study argumentation as a meaning relation built on enunciation. For us, argumentation is support of positions. Our analysis used concepts from this theory such as enunciative agency, articulation and rewriting, argumentation and argumentativity. Based on these concepts, we outline our analysis procedures, which are, mainly: selection of data by sondage, identification of articulation and rewriting relations; identification of the types of argumentativity that the utterances presented; description of the argumentation and set of the enunciative figures. We made our research corpus with excerpts from the textbooks História 1:Ensino Médio (Vainfas, 2016), Araribá Plus: História (Apolinário, 2018) e História Sociedade e Cidadania 6 (Boulos Júnior, 2018). All these books are from National Didactic Book and Material Program. As the results, we identify that Eurocentric positions from the texbooks presented two kinds of regularities: topic and word classes. Regarding topic, the more frequent topics we saw on our data was European conquer of America and slavery. Regarding word classes, we identify that the textbooks usually used conjunctions and adjectives (mainly presented before nouns) to support Eurocentric positions designed by the social place of historian in enunciations. That made us define these word classes as argumentative strategies of supporting positions that favor European in these teaching materials.
A convivência entre cão, humano e fauna: estratégias educativas no Cerrado brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21)
Barcelli, Cláudia Rodrigues
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Figueiredo, Andréia Nasser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1512617583290864
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Lima, Caio Filipe da Motta
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5833399072087947
Además del importante papel que desempeñan en la vida humana, los perros domésticos pueden presentar riesgos y dificultades para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Estos riesgos incluyen depredación, persecución, competición, hibridación y transmisión de enfermedades y es más probable que ocurran en áreas más alejadas de los centros urbanos, donde los encuentros con la vida silvestre son más probables. Por su estrecha relación con la humanidad, es claro que trabajar el tema de los perros domésticos significa también trabajar el tema de las dimensiones humanas, principalmente en el contexto de la educación ambiental, con el objetivo de incentivar el desarrollo de políticas públicas que faciliten la convivencia. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la realidad de las interacciones entre humanos, perros y fauna silvestre para luego desarrollar estrategias educativas adecuadas al escenario local con que contribuyan a la comprensión de las comunidades sobre el problema abordado y puedan incentivar la construcción de alternativas de gestión que faciliten la convivencia. Esta investigación se realizó en tres áreas del Cerrado: en la APA Limoeiro, en Cumari/GO, en los alrededores del Parque Estadual do Pau-Furado, en Uberlândia/MG y en los alrededores del Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas (Pescan), en Caldas Novas/GO. La investigación constó de tres etapas: 1. Evaluación del contexto de cada área de estudio (describiendo el perfil poblacional de perros y personas; el manejo y función de los perros; y la relación entre comunidad, perros y fauna); 2. Desarrollo de estrategias educativas adecuadas a cada contexto; y 3. Aplicación de estrategias educativas en la APA Limoeiro. Al realizar este trabajo reflexionamos sobre cómo las características y patrones de ocupación humana influyen en la forma en que se gestiona la población canina y cómo esto puede influir en los posibles impactos sobre la fauna silvestre. Desarrollamos diferentes estrategias educativas y materiales educativos para cada una de las áreas de estudio y observamos cómo estos lugares se parecen y difieren entre sí. Destacamos la necesidad de un diagnóstico inicial que preceda las acciones educativas, así como la realidad de que no existe una estrategia única que pueda replicarse en todas las situaciones. Finalmente, reforzamos la importancia de contar con un espacio de diálogo abierto y continuo con la comunidad, construyendo y manteniendo relaciones con las personas involucradas en los temas ambientales.
Inteligência emocional e sua relação com ansiedade, depressão e burnout em trabalhadores assistenciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21)
Souza, Bruna de
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Nascimento, Monalisa Muniz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-6296
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3892011374552860
Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the processing of emotional information that includes perception, use, knowledge, and regulation of emotions. EI can play a protective role against challenges related to mental health, notably in the face of emerging demands such as anxiety, depression, and burnout. Previous investigations have established a relationship between EI and these psychological challenges, especially among assistance workers, whose occupations expose them to greater impairment of these variables. Therefore, this research aims to examine the relationship between EI and levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout in assistance professionals, including nurses, psychologists, teachers, and bank clerks. The study included the participation of 207 professionals, distributed among bank clerks (n = 34), nurses (n = 55), teachers (n = 61), and psychologists (n = 57), with an average age of 32.93 years (SD = 8.00). The majority of participants were female (62.32%, n = 129). The participation criteria included having a higher education level and being actively employed during the study. Data collection was conducted through the online application of the following instruments: DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure—Adult (PROMIS I), DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 2 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure—Depression (PROMIS II Depression), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Emotional Skills Inventory (ESI), and Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. The main results showed negative and moderate correlations between EI and Burnout (Emotional Exhaustion and Cynicism); negative and moderate correlations between EI and Anxiety. Additionally, positive and moderate correlations were observed between EI and Burnout (Professional Efficacy), and EI showed a low negative correlation with Depression. Nurses demonstrated the highest levels of anxiety and depression, while psychologists exhibited higher EI. This study highlights the importance of EI as a relevant process for the adequate care and attention to people's mental health.
Modelos Skellam generalizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Gandolfi, Marina
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Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3464-1108
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Conceição, Katiane Silva
In applied statistics, counting data are often observed in different areas of study. Due to the great diversity of problems that result in these types of data, it is necessary to propose new models. In this work, we propose generalizations of the Skellam distribution, whose support consists of the set formed by integers (positive and negative), aiming to also explore in the context of regression models. For the process of estimating and inferring model parameters, the classical (maximum likelihood method) and Bayesian (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) approaches were considered for comparison purposes. Specifically regarding the Bayesian approach, which was more efficient in the proposals presented here, we used a variant of the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm, which consists of reformulating Hamilton’s equations by introducing a stochastic component into the gradient equation, deriving the Stochastic Gradient Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm. To illustrate the proposed models, we present the analyzes of data sets referring to two real problems (3 datasets in total): In the first problem, a set of data corresponding to observations of the weekly variation of the Ibovespa score was considered, that is, the price difference, measured in ticks (cents) of the current day in relation to the previous day, in the period between January 2000 and December 2022. The estimated values for the parameter p characterized the data set as inflated with observations -2 (ticks); In the second problem, two sets of data were considered, corresponding to the values of the differences between games won and games lost by teams in the 2022-2023 regular season of the National Basketball Association, in each conference (East and West). The selection criteria indicated the k-MS model with k = −12 as the best adjusted for the Eastern conference, while for the Western conference, the indicated value was k = −38. Given the good results, both the k-MS and the k-IS models proved to be good alternatives to explain the behavior of data with integer values.
Influência das interações entre leveduras e bactérias contaminantes no rendimento da fermentação etanólica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Papin, Larissa Ferreira
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Andrietta, Silvio Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5310166650664210
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Bastos, Reinaldo Gaspar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9329363278429665
Brazil is recognized worldwide for its pioneering role in integrating ethanol into its energy matrix, produced via fermentation using yeast strains, particularly Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and sugarcane juice or molasses. The industrial production of ethanol in Brazil is characterized by a non-aseptic process, where the must (a mixture of juice, molasses, and water) doesn´t pass through any type of treatment that aimed to eliminate microbial contamination. Due to these characteristics of the fermentation process in Brazil, one of the factors that can influence fermentation yield is bacterial contamination, which tends to have detrimental effects on the process due to competition for nutrients. However, the interaction between yeasts and contaminating bacteria found in the process is not fully elucidated and may not be entirely harmful, with a complex and dynamic synergy related to the metabolites formed. In this context, the present study proposes to evaluate the impact of interactions between yeasts and bacteria on fermentation yield, cell growth, ethanol production, and by-products. For this purpose, mixed fermentations were conducted in semi-synthetic medium between the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and four different contaminants commonly found in the sugarcane industry. Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus amylovorus were studied at four cell concentrations (105, 106, 107, and 108 cells per mL) in consortium with the yeast. Ethanol, sugars, acetic acid, lactic acid, and glycerol were quantified, in addition to the biomass formed. The research showed that Limosilactobacillus fermentum negatively affected yeast cell growth and fermentation efficiency, while Lactobacillus helveticus, even though not remaining until the end of fermentation, caused a reduction in efficiency, with high levels of lactic acid, exceeding those in the L. fermentum trials. L. plantarum did not demonstrate the positive synergies reported in the literature, while Lactobacillus amylovorus contributed to increased fermentation efficiency and cell growth. The results emphasize the importance of understanding microbial interactions to optimize ethanol production and demonstrate that there are different forms of synergy among microorganisms, influenced by the medium and cell concentration.
Alfabetização nas escolas do campo: atuação de professoras alfabetizadoras em turmas multisseriadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Ferla, Angelina Bigaton
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Sisla, Heloisa Chalmers
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9446133131561056
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3180384643080404
Professionals in rural schools with multi-grade classes, present throughout the country, face major challenges in their pedagogical practices, especially in literacy. This research aimed to analyze the challenges and potentials of literacy practices in multi-grade classes in rural schools of a municipality in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The research question was: How do teachers of rural multi-grade classes articulate and organize their literacy practices? A case study was conducted with three professionals who worked in municipal public rural schools in the school years of 2022 and 2023. These professionals taught classes with 1st and 2nd grades in the same classroom. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, based on Minayo (1994, 2014), Penna (2020), Ludke and André (1986), and Bardin (1979). The investigation discussed the current legislation on literacy and addressed theories related to the teaching of reading and writing, with contributions from theorists such as Soares (2000, 2009, 2021a, 2021b, 2022), Mortatti (2011), and Bagno (2011, 2021). The discussion on rural education was based on Azevedo and Queiroz (2010), Caldart (2012), Arroyo (2011), and Fernandes (2002). The research results were organized into four categories: "Challenges in rural literacy", "Teaching strategies for diversity", "Literacy potentialized in rural multi-grade classes", and "Formative needs based on challenges shared by rural teachers". The research results indicate the need for specific training for working in rural areas. We observed a variety of adapted approaches to the needs of the classes, but with some gaps in relation to the practices recommended in the BNCC and Magda Soares' theoretical orientation for reading and writing skills in the early years of elementary school. Additionally, some limitations of literacy practices were noted due to the use of standardized materials (textbooks). There is also an urgent need for public policies aimed at Rural Education, promoting professional appreciation and pedagogical approaches sensitive to the needs of multi-grade classes.
Manejo da giberela do trigo e manifestação do potencial toxigênico em diferentes sistemas de cultivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Agápto, João Paulo
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Jesus Junior, Waldir Cintra de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2614953467362376
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699962523528931
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1391-8609
Wheat Fusarium Head Blight (Gibberella zeae Schwein, Fusarium graminearum) is one of the most important diseases of this cereal worldwide, causing damage to grains in the form of atrophy, weight reduction, and discoloration. Besides yield loss, it also results in grain contamination by mycotoxins, posing a risk to human and animal health. Thus, managing the disease is a significant challenge for global wheat cultivation. No single strategy used in isolation provides satisfactory reduction of disease intensity and mycotoxin concentration under conditions favorable for pathogen development. This study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of integrating fungicide, genetic resistance, and silicon in managing Gibberella in irrigated and rainfed production systems. The experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications and four treatments, namely: T1 – Fungicide + Potassium Silicate (F + SK) application; T2 – Fungicide (F) application; T3 – Potassium Silicate (SK) application; and T4 – Control (no F and SK application). In all experiments, the incidence, severity, and index of Gibberella, as well as mycotoxin concentration and productivity, were quantified. After performing variance analysis and Tukey's test (p<0.05). It was found that there was no significant difference between treatments for the agronomic variables. For the laboratory variables, T3 was the treatment that provided the greatest reduction in DON concentration, but it did not differ statistically from T1 and T2. It is concluded that the application of potassium silicate (PS) should be further explored for the reduction of DON. The application of PS may be an alternative in integrated management proposals for controlling wheat scab.
Satisfação dos consumidores com os serviços públicos: uma análise dos impactos de políticas públicas no setor elétrico brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Verdolin-Benedito, Patricia
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Oprime, Pedro Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9291517431456908
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4108651193248374
Since 2000, the perception of the satisfaction of electricity consumers has been collected and published by the Iasc – Aneel Consumer Satisfaction Index. Aneel, through resolutions, has promoted the customer-focused mentality among distributors and, in addition to encouraging awards, has made ISO9001 certification compulsory in processes directly related to customers. The objective of this study was to survey the policies, guidelines and strategic actions in the Brazilian electricity sector and how they contributed to the establishment of metrics to evaluate the performance of the sector, as well as to understand the impact of government action on the results of the indicators. For this, the data available from the Iasc – Aneel Consumer Satisfaction Index were used, which were submitted to statistical analysis to evaluate its performance. Given the statistical analysis, it was possible to assume as true the initial hypothesis that the implementation of ISO9001 contributed to improving the perception of the quality of services provided.
Avaliação do efeito de microplásticos de tinta spray em órgãos internos de operárias campeiras de Bombus atratus (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Boeing, Guilherme Andrade Neto Schmitz
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Waldman, Walter Ruggeri
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616238673458322
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7280-2243
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Abdalla, Fábio Camargo
Recent studies have shown the negative environmental effects of spray paints due to microplastics (MPs) and their chemical composition. Photodegradation of these particles can increase the release of additives, including metals in the pigments. Neotropical bumblebees can be exposed to these contaminant particles, which have already been found in honey. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of photodegradation on spray paints MPs exposed to different light intensities and exposure times, as well as assess the potential cytotoxicity of these pristine and photodegraded MPs on the columnar cells of the midgut, Malpighian tubules, and hepato-nephrocitic system cells of forager worker bees of Bombus atratus exposed to 50 mg.L-1 of MPs for 96 hours. Pristine microplastics were obtained through paint spraying, then characterized by shape and size. Portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to determine elemental composition and polymer type. The MPs were then exposed to different intensities of UV-C radiation and exposure times. The release of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by the MPs was quantified using an atomic emission spectrometer with microwave plasma. To assess the toxicity of the MPs, we conducted histological and histochemical analyses of the bee tissues. The XRF analysis revealed several elements in both paints, including five PTEs: Manganese, Chromium, Iron, Copper, and Zinc. The particles exposed to the highest UV-C intensity showed significant changes, such as superficial modification, blooming of additives, and surface detachment resulting in voids, altering their area and roundness values in relation to the pristine. Additionally, they exhibited an increase in the release of PTEs, especially Iron, Manganese, and Copper, which exceeded the safe limits set by the National Environment Council of Brazil (CONAMA). The increased release of PTEs is associated with the significant changes observed in the organs of bees exposed to the photodegraded MPs, which showed cellular vacuolization, nuclear condensation, and pyknosis. The release of PTEs from the photodegraded particles contributes to the disruption of the body homeostasis of the studied bees, potentially leading to reduced fitness and alterations in feeding and survival of the species. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the toxicity of environmentally realistic MPs, as plastic composition and weathering conditions can influence particle toxicity.
A teoria da Ação Social de W.E.B. Du Bois: a mensagem negra-africana que surge do "acaso"
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-24)
Santos, Hasani Elioterio dos
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Silvério, Valter Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9421231847055027
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1715-4535
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6422457630951026
This dissertation presents an analysis of W.E.B. Du Bois’s social action theory, which was developed from the end of the 19th century. The study is methodologically close to Gilroy (1993) and Appiah (2014), interpreting Du Bois as part of a “line of descent” from black and African counterculture in modernity. From this, the argument is that Du Bois’s social action theory is different from the classical sociological tradition. Part of the analytical effort of this study, therefore, is the exercise of contrast between sociological theories of modernity and what Gikandi (2005) and Gooding-Williams (2009) classified as “Duboisian modernism”. It appears that theories of modernity explain human actions considering the process of rationalization of the world, interest, econometric motivation, and/or search for integration and social mobility. Du Bois’s social action theory, instead, is based on the principle of “chance” - historical processes that were not predicted, expected, or desired by the actors, such as colonization and the division of the world into racial groups. The study empirically uses a selection of texts written by Du Bois between 1930 and 1947, on Black Cooperativism and Pan-Africanism, which reinforce this interpretation of his social action theory and reconstruct the assumptions of Cultural, Post-Colonial, and African Diaspora Studies.
Transposição Didática da Geometria Diferencial ligada à Cartografia: apoio ao professor de Matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-25)
Moreno, Thaís Santos
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Venezuela, Antonio Luís
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8722224671269332
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8465414608308304
Theoretically based on Differential Geometry, this writing highlights the relevance of this complex mathematical area and its potential to enrich the Mathematics teaching and learning, especially at more advanced levels. By studying Differential Geometry, it was possible to establish a connection between this content and elementary education, especially in the artography study, whose skill is included in the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC). Connection between Differential Geometry and Cartography aims to provide broader and more contextualized theoretical support to the teacher. Didactic Transposition is explored as an important strategy for this integration. Through it, it is possible to translate the abstract concepts of Differential Geometry into a language accessible to students, making the educational process more meaningful. The developed class plan offers ideas to improve pedagogical practice, highlighting the expressive role of the teacher when preparing their classes, not only as a transmitter of knowledge, but as a learning process facilitator, promoting interdisciplinary connections and stimulating critical thinking and creativity of students.
Chikungunya no Brasil: modelagem matemática e simulações da dinâmica de transmissão da doença
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-25)
Felipe, Néder Soares
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Silveira, Graciele Paraguaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6251988404047002
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8610-4841
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2592429354308783
Chikungunya is a viral disease primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Since its introduction in Brazil in 2014, the disease has spread rapidly, becoming a significant public health problem. This study aims to explore the transmission dynamics of Chikungunya in Brazil through mathematical modeling. We use compartmental models to describe and predict the disease’s spread, formulating ordinary differential equations solved by the numerical Euler method. The methodology also included estimating the model parameters, fitting them to actual observational data. The results demonstrate that the developed model can replicate aspects of the transmission dynamics of Chikungunya, identifying critical factors that influence its spread. We conclude that mathematical modeling is an essential tool for formulating public policies and more effective control strategies, significantly contributing to the epidemiological understanding of Chikungunya in Brazil.
Projeto principal de educação para América Latina e o Caribe (PPE 1980-2000) e alfabetização de adultos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-25)
Dornfeld, Larissa Mendes Gontijo
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Bittar, Marisa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3059723520472948
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3599153832578060
The thesis aims to analyze the recommendations for adult literacy in the first ten years of development of the Major Project of Education for Latin America and the Caribbean approved by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization for implementation in the period from 1980 to 2000. The thesis targets three literacy experiences in Latin America and the Caribbean: Argentina, Nicaragua, and Cuba. It takes as its theoretical-methodological framework concepts of history based on Le Goff (2010) and Bloch (1963) and dialogues with other authors to produce this research. It adopts the methodology of historical research and, thus, examines twenty bulletins by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization during the first ten years of the project, as well as texts produced by this organization during the period. The thesis concludes that thinking of literacy as an ally of economic and social development, as advocated in the PPE (1980-2000), does not contribute to the construction of a more just world for all, since such a purpose only helps to maintain, in the past and present, a world economic order founded on the exploitation of the poor (countries and people) and inequalities.
Um framework conceitual para a seleção de sensores móveis para fenotipagem digital de estudantes com possível perfil depressivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-25)
Ribeiro, Matheus Coelho de Moura
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Guardia, Hélio Crestana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1780902767520967
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Neris, Vânia Paula de Almeida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268728255033469
This capstone project presents the development of a framework for selecting mobile sensors for the digital phenotyping of university students with possible depressive profiles. Inspired by a seminal study by Torous that analyzes digital phenotyping in varied contexts, this work performs a critical reinterpretation of this literature to adapt and apply concepts to the specific context of depression in academic settings. The proposed framework was developed based on a review of existing work that uses behavioral data captured by sensors on smartphones and other mobile devices, such as GPS and accelerometers, to identify patterns that may be related to depressive symptoms. The methodology involved collaborative discussions with experts in computing and health, seeking to align the technical capabilities of the sensors with the diagnostic and therapeutic needs of potentially depressed students. As a result, possible relationships are presented between the data collected by the sensors and symptoms of depression. This study aims to provide a basis for future practical implementations of computer systems mental health support, using accessible and non-intrusive technologies in educational contexts.
Força muscular e capacidade de exercício em pacientes hospitalizados: uma análise transversal das populações DPOC exacerbada versus insuficiência cardíaca descompensada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-25)
Peixoto, Mariana Fernandes
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Mendes, Renata Gonçalves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9634590922242052
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-2657
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8296984206469483
Chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases impose a significant burden on healthcare systems and economies, sharing risk factors and control measures. Both conditions involve muscular strength impairment, yet comparative evidence on the magnitude of this impairment is scarce. Therefore, understanding the impact of muscle weakness on exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) and decompensated heart failure (DHF) is essential for clinical practice, potentially optimizing care and improving functional outcomes for these patients. Objectives: To analyze whether there is a difference in peripheral muscle strength impairment and exercise capacity in hospitalized patients with exacerbations of COPD and decompensated heart failure. Additionally, we aim to assess whether muscle strength contributes to exercise intolerance in these populations. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study including patients diagnosed with exacerbated COPD and decompensated HF, assessed between 24 and 72 hours after hospital admission. Evaluation included grip strength, quadriceps muscle strength, and exercise capacity using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Results: Each group consisted of 15 patients. Regarding mean grip strength, quadriceps strength, and exercise capacity, both groups showed a mean below 70% of predicted values. When analyzing the relationship between grip strength, quadriceps strength, and 6MWT distance, a high percentage of patients in both groups exhibited muscle weakness and low exercise capacity (67% in the ECOPD group and 87% in the DHF group). We observed greater variability in systolic blood pressure post-exercise, higher peak heart rate, increased dyspnea, and greater fatigue in lower limbs during exercise in the ECOPD group. There was no significant correlation between muscle strength and 6MWT distance in the ECOPD group, whereas a moderate and significant correlation was found between grip strength and 6MWT distance (R= 0.52, p = 0.04), and a strong and significant correlation between quadriceps strength and 6MWT distance (r = 0.79, p < 0.01) in the DHF group. Conclusion: Muscle strength impairment and exercise capacity are similar between COPD and HF populations during acute exacerbations. While muscle weakness may be an important factor associated with exercise capacity in DHF patients, exercise limitation in ECOPD patients appears to be influenced by more intense symptoms.
Confecção de órteses para membros superiores em adultos com disfunções físicas em um projeto de extensão de terapia ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-25)
Silva, Juliana Cristina Venancio
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Paiva, Gisele
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9385641297899352
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9090-7794
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0578691307702986
The high prevalence of hand injuries and diseases has a significant impact on people's occupational performance and occupational therapy intervention plays a crucial role in promoting rehabilitation and improving their quality of life. Introduction: The manufacture and prescription of orthoses in an individualized and personalized way seeks to maximize the functionality, autonomy and social participation of these individuals, with a view to resuming daily activities and reintegrating them into meaningful occupations. Objectives: The research aims to identify the demands and establish a relationship between the types of orthoses made and the diagnoses presented by the participants assisted during the occupational therapy extension project called “ Manufacture of Orthoses for Upper Limbs in Adults with Physical Dysfunctions” carried out in a Health Unit linked to a Federal University in the interior of São Paulo. Methodology: This is a quantitative and descriptive study, which analyzes the relationships between variables using standardized data collection techniques, for which we will use the records of the extension project's census notebook, from June 2017 to June 2023. The main instrument will be data collection, which in turn will include information such as age, diagnosis and type of orthosis made. Results: The average age of the patients treated was 54.8 years, with the lowest age being 15 and the highest 85. With regard to the total number of orthoses (n=225) devices made according to the data collected from the Extension Project's Orthosis Census, the most commonly made were cock-up orthoses, type eight orthoses and dynamic orthoses. The most common diagnoses were carpal tunnel syndrome, various injuries and trigger fingers. Conclusions: The importance of ongoing research into data on the manufacture of upper limb orthoses in the practice of occupational therapists was noted. This study has limitations, as the orthosis census records had some inconsistent information, and only one health unit's extension project was analyzed. Future studies could include more projects and/or health units in order to gain a better understanding of the most common orthoses and diagnoses.
Upgrade tecnológico em economias emergentes: Uma abordagem comparativa para Brasil e China (2001-2020)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26)
Oliveira, Graciely Aquino de
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Diegues, Antonio Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0594188577645269
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-666X
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Roselino, José Eduardo
Brazil and China are considered important references for industrialization in developing economies, however, they have followed different industrial policy strategies and macroeconomic contexts in recent decades, which has led these economies to follow different paths. The objective of this paper is to develop and analyze comparative indicators of technological upgrading for Brazil and China during the period from 2001 to 2020, offering a more accurate and qualitative perspective for understanding these two national configurations. To achieve this, a comparative analysis of technological upgrading indicators between Brazil and China was conducted, based on the theoretical assumptions and indicators suggested by Radosevic and Yoruk (2015, 2017): intensity of technological upgrading, scope of technological upgrading, and interaction with global technology. A calculation based on the Euclidean distance (ED) was used to arrive at the value of technological upgrading and its component indices. As a result it was observed that both economies started the period with similar indicators, but that China showed superior performance in most components throughout the period.
Percepção de sobrecarga e suporte social em mães e pais de crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26)
Gorni, Suélen Mariana
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4424826358046439
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Bosa, Cleonice Alves
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication, social interaction, and the presentation of restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities. The high demands related to caring for an autistic child can impact different areas of family life, such as health, work, and leisure. Women are the main caregivers of their children with autism, and the need to provide continuous caregiver burden, with specific attention, can lead the caregiver to experience situations of care. In this sense, the literature points out that social support is a fundamental aspect in coping with caregiver burden, mental health, and the quality of life of caregivers. The present study aimed to: (1) investigate the levels of caregiver burden and the perception of social support of mothers and fathers of children with ASD, verifying the relationship between these variables and (2) compare whether there are gender differences in terms of these variables. A total of 103 caregivers participated in the study, 74 mothers and 29 fathers of autistic children over 18 years of age, regardless of the level of support required by the child. The instruments used were: Participant Characterization Questionnaire, Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory (PEDI), Zarit Caregiver Burden Inventory (ISZ), and the Perceived Social Support Scale – Adults (EPSUS – A). The comparison results revealed that mothers are more burdened than fathers, and that both perceive low social support in a similar way. When analyzing the relationships, negative, highly significant, and moderately strong correlations were identified between caregiver burden and all assessed social support factors. In this sense, the study results showed differences in caregiver burden and similarities in the perception of social support, considering the caregivers' gender. Furthermore, it was concluded that social support is an important variable in minimizing caregiver burden for all participants and that it is also necessary to consider other factors in the family context. New studies are needed to expand the investigation into differences between fathers and mothers of people with autism. It is hoped that this research can support new discussions, effective public policies, and interventions aimed at the families of autistic people, as well as the community in which they are inserted, that promote awareness, acceptance, increased social support, and minimize the impacts of overload on the caregiver's mental health, well-being, and quality of life of these families.