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Estratégias educativas para o autocuidado: percepções de pacientes traqueostomizados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21) Guermandi, Maísa; Zanatta-Protti, Simone Teresinha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6772128930979370; Girão, Fernanda Berchelli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9999840170649511; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5540274835665385
To explore the perception of tracheostomized patients regarding educational strategies for self-care. Methodological process: A descriptive exploratory, qualitative study, conducted after receiving approval from the Human Research Ethics Committee. The study population consisted of patients treated at the Amaral Carvalho Hospital (HAC) who underwent a tracheostomy procedure during the data collection period between August 2023 and March 2024 and were scheduled for an outpatient follow-up visit. The main researcher recruited participants by making daily contact with the nursing team at the institution's Surgical Center to obtain information about the surgical schedule. When a discharge plan was identified for a tracheostomized patient, they were invited to voluntarily participate in the study. The study was conducted in three phases: Phase 1: A semi-structured interview was conducted, followed by a pre training session with an expositive-dialogued class; Phase 2: Educational strategies were implemented, with participants randomized into two groups: the "folder group," trained using the institution's traditional printed folder, and the "skills training group," trained in simulated skills; Phase 3: A semi-structured interview was conducted during the outpatient follow-up visit. The interviews were audio-recorded, and patients were offered breaks of 10 to 15 minutes as needed. The collected information from the interviews was analyzed using the Thematic Analysis technique. Results and discussions: Participants reported relief after the tracheostomy procedure due to improved breathing. However, fear, changes in body image, and apprehension about self-care were also common. Participants valued both the folder and skills training educational strategies but felt insecure about cleaning the cannula at home. The use of educational strategies shows promise in engaging patients in self-care, but health professionals must be adept at identifying and integrating these resources into their practice to meet individual needs and contexts. Conclusion: Regardless of the educational strategy used, there was a low incidence of participants who felt genuinely motivated and confident to implement self-care. A more in-depth evaluation of the variables affecting individuals' motivation and safety in self-care is recommended to develop new and effective strategies.
A convivência entre cão, humano e fauna: estratégias educativas no Cerrado brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21) Barcelli, Cláudia Rodrigues; Figueiredo, Andréia Nasser; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1512617583290864; Lima, Caio Filipe da Motta; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5833399072087947; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6168539679495701
Además del importante papel que desempeñan en la vida humana, los perros domésticos pueden presentar riesgos y dificultades para la conservación de la biodiversidad. Estos riesgos incluyen depredación, persecución, competición, hibridación y transmisión de enfermedades y es más probable que ocurran en áreas más alejadas de los centros urbanos, donde los encuentros con la vida silvestre son más probables. Por su estrecha relación con la humanidad, es claro que trabajar el tema de los perros domésticos significa también trabajar el tema de las dimensiones humanas, principalmente en el contexto de la educación ambiental, con el objetivo de incentivar el desarrollo de políticas públicas que faciliten la convivencia. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar la realidad de las interacciones entre humanos, perros y fauna silvestre para luego desarrollar estrategias educativas adecuadas al escenario local con que contribuyan a la comprensión de las comunidades sobre el problema abordado y puedan incentivar la construcción de alternativas de gestión que faciliten la convivencia. Esta investigación se realizó en tres áreas del Cerrado: en la APA Limoeiro, en Cumari/GO, en los alrededores del Parque Estadual do Pau-Furado, en Uberlândia/MG y en los alrededores del Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas (Pescan), en Caldas Novas/GO. La investigación constó de tres etapas: 1. Evaluación del contexto de cada área de estudio (describiendo el perfil poblacional de perros y personas; el manejo y función de los perros; y la relación entre comunidad, perros y fauna); 2. Desarrollo de estrategias educativas adecuadas a cada contexto; y 3. Aplicación de estrategias educativas en la APA Limoeiro. Al realizar este trabajo reflexionamos sobre cómo las características y patrones de ocupación humana influyen en la forma en que se gestiona la población canina y cómo esto puede influir en los posibles impactos sobre la fauna silvestre. Desarrollamos diferentes estrategias educativas y materiales educativos para cada una de las áreas de estudio y observamos cómo estos lugares se parecen y difieren entre sí. Destacamos la necesidad de un diagnóstico inicial que preceda las acciones educativas, así como la realidad de que no existe una estrategia única que pueda replicarse en todas las situaciones. Finalmente, reforzamos la importancia de contar con un espacio de diálogo abierto y continuo con la comunidad, construyendo y manteniendo relaciones con las personas involucradas en los temas ambientales.
Eurocentrismo no livro didático de História: um estudo enunciativo da argumentação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21) Freitas, Bárbara de Souza; Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9310293874906050; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-286X
Colonization of America is a landmark in history when we think about power relationships stablished among different folks. This process of colonization creates dualities that differs European and non-European, white people and non-white people, colonizer and colonized, civilized and savage. These dualities arise from race concept, which infiltrates this relationship among folks in the colonies and puts European people in evidence, as they are superior to the others. From this process, the eurocentrism concept arises, which means to put the European as center of development, progress, reference in politics, economy and social issues. Thinking about the impacts of this in social relationships and, more specifically, in Education and knowledge built in schools, we study this topic in teaching materials. This work aims to investigate how history textbooks present Eurocentric positions by making an enunciative semantic analysis of argumentation on these teaching materials. We base our work on the Historic Semantics of the Enunciation/Semantics of the Event and we study argumentation as a meaning relation built on enunciation. For us, argumentation is support of positions. Our analysis used concepts from this theory such as enunciative agency, articulation and rewriting, argumentation and argumentativity. Based on these concepts, we outline our analysis procedures, which are, mainly: selection of data by sondage, identification of articulation and rewriting relations; identification of the types of argumentativity that the utterances presented; description of the argumentation and set of the enunciative figures. We made our research corpus with excerpts from the textbooks História 1:Ensino Médio (Vainfas, 2016), Araribá Plus: História (Apolinário, 2018) e História Sociedade e Cidadania 6 (Boulos Júnior, 2018). All these books are from National Didactic Book and Material Program. As the results, we identify that Eurocentric positions from the texbooks presented two kinds of regularities: topic and word classes. Regarding topic, the more frequent topics we saw on our data was European conquer of America and slavery. Regarding word classes, we identify that the textbooks usually used conjunctions and adjectives (mainly presented before nouns) to support Eurocentric positions designed by the social place of historian in enunciations. That made us define these word classes as argumentative strategies of supporting positions that favor European in these teaching materials.
Inteligência emocional e sua relação com ansiedade, depressão e burnout em trabalhadores assistenciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21) Souza, Bruna de; Nascimento, Monalisa Muniz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444899939943716; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1628-6296; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3892011374552860; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7043-3132
Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the processing of emotional information that includes perception, use, knowledge, and regulation of emotions. EI can play a protective role against challenges related to mental health, notably in the face of emerging demands such as anxiety, depression, and burnout. Previous investigations have established a relationship between EI and these psychological challenges, especially among assistance workers, whose occupations expose them to greater impairment of these variables. Therefore, this research aims to examine the relationship between EI and levels of anxiety, depression, and burnout in assistance professionals, including nurses, psychologists, teachers, and bank clerks. The study included the participation of 207 professionals, distributed among bank clerks (n = 34), nurses (n = 55), teachers (n = 61), and psychologists (n = 57), with an average age of 32.93 years (SD = 8.00). The majority of participants were female (62.32%, n = 129). The participation criteria included having a higher education level and being actively employed during the study. Data collection was conducted through the online application of the following instruments: DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure—Adult (PROMIS I), DSM-5 Self-Rated Level 2 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure—Depression (PROMIS II Depression), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Emotional Skills Inventory (ESI), and Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. The main results showed negative and moderate correlations between EI and Burnout (Emotional Exhaustion and Cynicism); negative and moderate correlations between EI and Anxiety. Additionally, positive and moderate correlations were observed between EI and Burnout (Professional Efficacy), and EI showed a low negative correlation with Depression. Nurses demonstrated the highest levels of anxiety and depression, while psychologists exhibited higher EI. This study highlights the importance of EI as a relevant process for the adequate care and attention to people's mental health.
Dimensionamento de um sistema de painéis solares para a produção de hidrogênio a partir de eletrolisador no LH2M/DEMa/UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-21) Romano, Lucas Fernando; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614
The Center for Advanced Materials and Energy Research (CPqMAE) is a Multidisciplinary Unit of the Center for Exact Sciences and Technology (CCET) at UFSCar. Among the laboratories within this center is the Hydrogen in Metals Laboratory (LH2M), which is responsible for the development of technologies for hydrogen production and storage. With the ongoing global technological development, resulting in increased consumption of electricity and non-renewable sources such as oil, coal, and natural gas, there is a quest for renewable energy solutions such as solar power. In this study, the sizing of an off-grid photovoltaic system connected to an electrolyzer was conducted, aiming at hydrogen production, and its economic viability was also assessed through positive NPV, for the implementation of the project at LH2M of UFSCar. For the sizing, 54 photovoltaic modules of 660 W Vertex model and a 12 kW PEM electrolyzer LBEX-P20K were used.