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Sentidos da esperança de usuários de serviços especializados em saúde mental durante a pandemia da Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Pereira, Sarah Salvador; Zerbetto, Sonia Regina; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1282433435871232; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2274460671819542
Introduction: Hope is a dimension that makes up human life, fundamental in the process of facing complex situations. The COVID-19 pandemic context can interfere with the hope process of people using specialized mental health services. It is believed that hope was even more compromised in the perception of users of specialized mental health services, due to factors of social isolation, changes in daily routine, difficulty in accessing the care offered by mental health services, changes in the scope of work, doubts and uncertainties regarding the COVID-19 disease. Objective: To analyze the meanings of hope in the speeches of users of specialized mental health services in a city in the interior of Minas Gerais in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Qualitative study based on the theoretical and methodological framework of French-based Discourse Analysis (DA) and the theoretical construct of Dufault and Martocchio's Model of Hope. The research involved four specialized mental health services: Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS ad), Psychosocial Care Center II, Multiprofessional Mental Health Center and Post-covid Mental Health Care Center belonging to a city in the interior of Minas Gerais. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 users of specialized Mental Health services from August 2022 to May 2023. Discourse analysis devices were used to analyze the data. To analyze the data, the devices Interdiscourse, Metaphor and Paraphrase of Discourse Analysis were used. Results and Discussion: 14 interviews were carried out with users of specialized mental health services, 5 users of the Multiprofessional Mental Health Center, 4 users of CAPS II, 3 users of CAPS Ad and 2 users of the Post-COVID Mental Health Care Center. Of these 14 subjects, 10 were female and 4 were male. The discourse analysis process enabled the elaboration of two discursive blocks: 1) The meanings of Hope constructed in the COVID-19 Pandemic and 2) Experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic – What inhibits or promotes hope? The discursive block entitled “The meanings of Hope constructed in the COVID-19 Pandemic” addresses the meanings constructed about hope that are permeated by the effects arising from discursive memories. The discursive excerpts enunciate signs of religious discourse; solidarity speech; disease model. and overcoming speech. The discursive block entitled “Experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic – What inhibits or promotes hope?” explored life circumstances and experiences lived by the subjects that affected the production of meanings about hope in the pandemic context, which highlight the broad and strict production conditions in which the speeches were enunciated. The COVID-19 pandemic period was marked by experiences of grief, indifference, intensification of social injustices, fear and finding support within the family. Final Considerations: The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the construction of meanings about hope among users of specialized mental health services and generated consequences for people's mental health. It is believed to be important to enable health professionals, especially nurses, who work in CAPS and CAPS ad to understand the constructed meanings of hope and recognize it as a therapeutic resource that constitutes care. The importance of recognizing the promotion of hope as an intervention in clinical and care practice is highlighted.
Gestão de riscos como ferramenta de governança: um estudo de caso com três universidades públicas federais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Santos, Adilson Miranda dos; Molina, Wagner de Souza Leite; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5939243693407420; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4204579700534181
The present study aimed to investigate the implementation of risk management in federal public universities. It is a research study that, based on the theoretical framework, addresses the evolution of public governance and risk management, particularly in the context of federal public universities. It is understood that public governance involves evaluating, directing, and monitoring management to deliver a good or service of interest to society. For this purpose, risk management is shown to be a fundamental governance tool, integrating into decision-making so that senior management can identify and manage uncertainties and risks in advance to achieve institutional objectives. The central issue of the research was to understand how universities are dealing with the process of implementing risk management. To investigate this issue, a study of polar cases was conducted, focusing on identifying the actions taken and the difficulties encountered. The selection of institutions initially considered the evaluation of federal public universities regarding their organizational risk management capacity, according to the Integrated Profile of Organizational Governance and Public Management prepared by the Federal Court of Accounts. Subsequently, based on the application of specific criteria, the chosen universities were the Federal University of Lavras, the Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha and Mucuri, and the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with participants holding management positions in the selected universities. The results identified difficulties that have prevented the universities from effectively implementing risk management. This may explain why in some universities, risk management is carried out merely as a formality. The study also identified best practices and suggestions that, if adopted, can assist in the effective implementation of risk management and the overcoming of identified obstacles.
Modelo de um sistema de medição de desempenho auxiliado por tecnologias da Indústria 4.0 para a gestão de cadeias de suprimentos sustentáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Santos, Paulo Henrique Amorim; Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4525431419326559; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-9982; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5190327892502755; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-7747
Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) aims to minimize environmental impact and maximize profit and social well-being through sustainable practices. Given its complexity and the need to measure results, SSCM requires the support of a contemporary and multidimensional performance measurement system (PMS), aligned with strategic objectives common to the links in the supply chain. In parallel, the Fourth Industrial Revolution offers a range of digital technologies that promise to assist in the lifecycle of PMSs, making them more collaborative, agile, and flexible. Thus, the objective of this study is to propose a PMS model assisted by I4.0 technologies for SSCM. In this regard, PMSs are understood according to their resources, roles, and processes. SSCM is addressed considering the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social) and its various practices. Meanwhile, I4.0 technologies are investigated regarding their applicability in supporting PMS. To achieve the proposed objective, the research method used combines bibliographic methods (scientific mapping, systematic literature review, and content analysis), survey (conducted with experts in the areas), and the multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) Fuzzy-VIKOR and Fuzzy-PROMETHEE. The thesis is structured as a compendium of articles, which aim to disseminate the bibliographic and empirical results of the methods used. The analyses and discussions developed in this thesis clarify how I4.0 technologies can be used in PMSs to achieve continuous improvement in SSCM practices. The developed model is directed at managers who seek a tool to achieve superior performance in SSCM, and who are willing to adapt to a new context of digitalization. Moreover, the work brings advances to the field and a research agenda for future references.
Estudo de membranas porosas de PEI e MCM-41-NH2 na remoção de Cr (III)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Dorst, Diane Damaris; Paranhos, Caio Marcio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7793686262868668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8053761345882970
The present work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of mesoporous materials (MCM-41, MCM-41-NH2) and a mixed polymeric membrane (PEI ) for application in the adsorption of Cr3+ ions from aqueous solutions. The mesoporous materials were synthesized through a hydrothermal route, with MCM-41 being functionalized (MCM-41-NH2) with amino groups using the post-grafting method. Analysis of adsorption/desorption isotherms using BET revealed typical characteristics of mesoporous materials for both MCM-41 and MCM-41-NH2. The average BET pore diameter decreased from 13.07 nm to 4.06 nm upon functionalization. Using the CP-MAS methodology in NMR, three peaks were detected in the 13C spectra (C3 at δ 43 ppm, C2 at δ 23 ppm, and C1 at δ 10 ppm), indicating the presence of the functional group in MCM-41-NH2. The 29Si spectra showed changes in the binding sites, with peaks corresponding to Q2 [SiO2(OH)2] at δ 110 ppm, Q3 [SiO3-OH] at δ 120 ppm, and Q4 [SiO4] at δ 130 ppm in MCM-41. In the spectrum of MCM-41-NH2, the disappearance of the Q2 site and the appearance of peaks corresponding to T2 sites [C-Si(OSi)2OH] at δ 87 ppm and T3 sites [C-Si(OSi)3] at δ 82 ppm were observed, along with the Q3 and Q4 sites at δ 120 ppm and δ 130 ppm, respectively. This confirmed the presence of covalently linked aminopropyl groups. The presence of free silanol groups (Q3 sites) in the MCM-41-NH2 spectrum indicates incomplete functionalization of the mesoporous material with amino groups. Next, an NMR-DT methodology was proposed to determine the adsorption kinetic parameters of Cr3+ ions. A determination coefficient (r²) of 0.9965 was achieved, with a limit of detection (LD) of 1.02 mg·L⁻¹ and a limit of quantification (LQ) of 3.08 mg·L⁻¹. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were used to fit the Cr3+ adsorption data, with maximum adsorption capacity (Qmax) values of 50.98 mg·g⁻¹ and a Freundlich coefficient (Kf) of 9.65 mg·g⁻¹. In comparison, chemically modified sugarcane bagasse showed Qmax = 22.08 mg·g⁻¹ (Langmuir) and Kf = 3.65 mg·g⁻¹ (Freundlich), demonstrating that, under the experimental conditions, MCM-41-NH2 exhibits superior adsorption capacity. Furthermore, the adsorption rate law was determined to be V = k·[MCM-41-NH2]^0.3·[Cr3+]^0.7, with an activation energy (EA) of 588.0 J·mol⁻¹. The mixed polymeric membrane, consisting of PEI , was synthesized via the phase inversion process in proportions of 2.5%, 5.0%, and 10%, and was characterized. The study of the adsorption kinetics of Cr3+ ions did not yield satisfactory results. Without agitation, the membrane did not remove ions from the solution, and under agitation, the PEI membrane (10%) only showed approximately 15% removal. The initial concentration was 291.1 ± 0.7 mg·L⁻¹, and after 12 hours of stirring, the concentration in the solution was 246.3 ± 0.5 mg·L⁻¹. These results highlight the potential of MCM-41-NH2 as a highly efficient material for the removal of Cr3+ ions from aqueous solutions, with NMR-DT emerging as a promising alternative methodology for determining adsorption kinetic parameters.
Tecnologia e gamificação na prática do ensino de filosofia: a experiência com olimpíadas filosóficas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Pereira, Murilo Fernando; La Salvia, André Luis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5840163842088553; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1111-5052; Maamari, Adriana Mattar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5707827597161294; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1744172253030067
This work aims to present the importance of discussing the use of technology in the teaching of philosophy, as well as to make the learning of philosophy more engaging for students by proposing gamification and the use of local philosophical olympiads as teaching methodologies. The practical proposal of the olympiads was implemented with high school students from a public school, utilizing apps, digital platforms, text readings, debates, text creation, and other resources, with the purpose of awakening interest in philosophy. The results obtained so far are positive, showing a significant improvement in student performance and greater engagement in the proposed activities. The work also highlights the importance of the critical use of technology in philosophy teaching, as young people are increasingly familiar with such technological resources. The research aims to contribute significantly to the debate on the ethical use of technology in philosophy teaching and the use of new learning methodologies, particularly concerning local olympiads.
Upgrade tecnológico em economias emergentes: Uma abordagem comparativa para Brasil e China (2001-2020)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Oliveira, Graciely Aquino de; Diegues, Antonio Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0594188577645269; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4124-666X; Roselino, José Eduardo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7410971805108456; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8066-8024; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9353226046744254; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-8931; Silva, Gustavo Pereira da; Costa, Ariana Ribeiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2439816100723730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0800816163922095
Brazil and China are considered important references for industrialization in developing economies, however, they have followed different industrial policy strategies and macroeconomic contexts in recent decades, which has led these economies to follow different paths. The objective of this paper is to develop and analyze comparative indicators of technological upgrading for Brazil and China during the period from 2001 to 2020, offering a more accurate and qualitative perspective for understanding these two national configurations. To achieve this, a comparative analysis of technological upgrading indicators between Brazil and China was conducted, based on the theoretical assumptions and indicators suggested by Radosevic and Yoruk (2015, 2017): intensity of technological upgrading, scope of technological upgrading, and interaction with global technology. A calculation based on the Euclidean distance (ED) was used to arrive at the value of technological upgrading and its component indices. As a result it was observed that both economies started the period with similar indicators, but that China showed superior performance in most components throughout the period.
Educação Física Compartilhada: possibilidade para inclusão de estudantes com deficiências no contexto escolar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Gatti, Melina Radaelli; Munster, Mey de Abreu Van; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7861049737421476; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2943-5967; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7187512951398411; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3379-8138; Souza, Joslei Viana de; Amorim, Minerva Leopoldina de Castro; Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da; Campos, Juliane Aparecida de Paula Perez; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8737446468331264; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5598486262343287; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3169299095370522; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8749-4415; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5350-3563; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7420-5602; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-808X
The enrollment of students with disabilities in mainstream schools has progressively increased in recent years. From the perspective of inclusive education, school Physical Education has sought to ensure opportunities for effective participation for the target population of special education. However, there are still many challenges to the inclusion of students with disabilities in the school context, and as a consequence, a large portion remains “functionally” excluded. This has led to an interest in investigating Unified Physical Education and Cooperative Learning in order to develop a Shared Physical Education (SPE) program, which consists of an extracurricular and complementary Physical Education program carried out after school hours, based on principles such as cooperative learning, volunteerism, and peer tutoring strategies as possibilities for the inclusion of students with disabilities in the school context. Thus, the aim of this study was to design, implement, and evaluate a Shared Physical Education program, with a view to the inclusion of students with disabilities in the school context. Specifically, the study sought to analyze SPE as a possibility for the inclusion of students with disabilities in the school environment, and to examine this experience from the perspective of the participants involved, based on a collaborative culture (students, teachers, coordinators, and principals). The study was characterized as a quantitative-descriptive field research focused on program evaluation. Data collection was conducted in two municipal schools in a medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, selected by convenience sampling. The participants were: 16 students with disabilities (SWD) from the 6th to the 9th grade; 16 students without disabilities (SND) from the 8th and 9th grades; Physical Education teachers who taught the students participating in the research (n = 3); Special Education Service (SES) teachers from the participating schools (n = 3); school coordinators (n = 2); and school principals (n = 2). The data collection instruments included initial and final semi-structured interviews with all participants; completion of measurement scales by students with and without disabilities during the implementation of the Unified Physical Education (UPE) program; and field diaries and an observation guide completed by the researcher during the program implementation. Data analysis was based on thematic analysis. The results were divided into three sections: Section I – descriptive aspects of the program, including recruitment, training, and implementation of the UPE program; Section II – evaluation of the UPE program based on the instruments used; and Section III – analysis of the interviews. It was observed that, in both schools, students without disabilities initially had difficulty providing the necessary assistance to students with disabilities due to a lack of proximity between students, the configuration of class structure and dynamics, and shyness in exposing themselves. Throughout the interventions, the bond between students increased: students without disabilities began to offer types of support in a more natural and appropriate manner, while students with disabilities started to request less assistance to perform activities. It is concluded that it was possible to design and implement the SPE program, and it was found that the program enhanced social skills and promoted positive transformations in interpersonal relationships, bringing benefits to the development and learning of all students, thus proving to be a promising inclusion strategy. However, challenges such as family involvement and the need for resources and school investment remain.
Percepção de sobrecarga e suporte social em mães e pais de crianças com autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Gorni, Suélen Mariana; D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4424826358046439; Bosa, Cleonice Alves; Domeniconi, Camila; D’Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1600286489835864; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9684535663947328; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication, social interaction, and the presentation of restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities. The high demands related to caring for an autistic child can impact different areas of family life, such as health, work, and leisure. Women are the main caregivers of their children with autism, and the need to provide continuous caregiver burden, with specific attention, can lead the caregiver to experience situations of care. In this sense, the literature points out that social support is a fundamental aspect in coping with caregiver burden, mental health, and the quality of life of caregivers. The present study aimed to: (1) investigate the levels of caregiver burden and the perception of social support of mothers and fathers of children with ASD, verifying the relationship between these variables and (2) compare whether there are gender differences in terms of these variables. A total of 103 caregivers participated in the study, 74 mothers and 29 fathers of autistic children over 18 years of age, regardless of the level of support required by the child. The instruments used were: Participant Characterization Questionnaire, Pediatric Disability Assessment Inventory (PEDI), Zarit Caregiver Burden Inventory (ISZ), and the Perceived Social Support Scale – Adults (EPSUS – A). The comparison results revealed that mothers are more burdened than fathers, and that both perceive low social support in a similar way. When analyzing the relationships, negative, highly significant, and moderately strong correlations were identified between caregiver burden and all assessed social support factors. In this sense, the study results showed differences in caregiver burden and similarities in the perception of social support, considering the caregivers' gender. Furthermore, it was concluded that social support is an important variable in minimizing caregiver burden for all participants and that it is also necessary to consider other factors in the family context. New studies are needed to expand the investigation into differences between fathers and mothers of people with autism. It is hoped that this research can support new discussions, effective public policies, and interventions aimed at the families of autistic people, as well as the community in which they are inserted, that promote awareness, acceptance, increased social support, and minimize the impacts of overload on the caregiver's mental health, well-being, and quality of life of these families.
Polêmicas em torno da sexualidade e livros para infância: um estudo interdisciplinar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Gomes, Mayara Victor; Gatti, Márcio Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0369563657842763; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-2856; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6396985086152200; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5615-9529
This work analyzes, interdisciplinarily, two contemporary controversies involving books written for children and the theme of sexuality. Specifically, it examines the controversy initiated by Jair Messias Bolsonaro about the book Aparelho Sexual e Cia in 2018, and the one provoked by Pietra Bertolazzi about the comic adaptation of The Diary of Anne Frank in 2021. Above all, this study seeks to understand how the discussion of sexuality topics with children is idealized and how these discussions are perceived in digital media. The relevance of this subject lies in its intrinsic relationship with the wave of conservatism that swept over Brazil, culminating in the electoral victory of the extreme right in 2018 and its undemocratic governance in the subsequent four years. To this end, it was necessary to establish dialogues between the researcher's primary field, French Tradition Discourse Analysis (DA), and other disciplines such as history, political science, social communication, etc. We started with two initial assumptions: first, that Brazilian society has a space where a significant amount of texts are produced and circulated regarding which books should be read by children, particularly in schools, when these books deal with topics related to human sexuality; and second, that within this space, there are at least two conflicting discursive positions: one that supports discussing sexuality with children in schools using educational books, aiming also to protect them from abuse and discrimination, and another that views this role as exclusively belonging to parents and responsible adults, not to government or school institutions. Books written for children often face attacks and scrutiny from different perspectives. Some questions arise from social struggles to change the status quo, such as anti-racist movements, while others come from conservative groups advocating for the maintenance and preservation of traditions, such as the heteronormative family. However, these issues are not of the same nature. Despite employing similar media tactics and propositions, such as calling for the cancellation of authors and the surveillance of schools, these groups are on opposite ideological and political spectrums. Moreover, there is a significant difference between the complaints of activist fathers and mothers and the determinations of institutional political actors to collect and ban works: the former do not wield the power that the latter do.
Avifauna do Parque Estadual Juquery, São Paulo, como subsídio para a elaboração do Plano de Manejo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-06-26) Santos, Matheus de Moraes dos; Piratelli, Augusto João; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4747322084219058; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0268-4007; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9110683537965586
The maintenance of Brazilian protected areas (UCs) relies on the management plan, which is an essential tool for defining the responsibilities and objectives of the UC, based on its biotic and abiotic characteristics. Birds are one of the best-known biological groups and their diversity reflects the variety of specializations, niche occupations, and ecological functions within ecosystems. In this study, a list of birds was compiled for the Juquery State Park, Franco da Rocha (JSP), SP, Brazil, which still lacks a management plan. The methodology was divided into a preliminary survey, carried out through citizen science websites and previous scientific publications. Subsequently, field efforts were undertaken to identify and validate the bird species currently present in JSP. These efforts resulted in 315 species which, after screening, culminated in the official list containing 264 species divided into 58 families and 23 orders. Passerines exhibited the greatest diversity, with a predominance of the families Thraupidae (34) and Tyrannidae (32), followed by Trochilidae (13) from the order Apodiformes. Twenty species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest biome, two are endemic to the Cerrado and one is typical of the Pampas. Based on the diversity of species detected in the field, the presence of threatened species, and the richness of migratory species, the JSP is defined as a fully-protected area according to the Brazilian law (“Unidade de Conservação de Proteção Integral”), and has proven to be an important area for the conservation of bird biodiversity in the metropolitan region of São Paulo. The avifauna composition is more than 50% similar to that of the the Cantareira State Park, which is a part of the mosaic of protected areas in São Paulo metropolitan area. Therefore, JSP is confirmed as a significant site for the conservation of bird biodiversity in the metropolitan region of São Paulo.