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Possibilidades de inclusão do tema prevenção à violência de gênero nas aulas de Ciências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Matareli, Débora Cristina Garcia
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Bozzini, Isabela Custódio Talora
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0853746645322544
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0024-9506
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7775322205940117
In a world marked by rising rates of violence, especially gender-based violence, schools are emerging as possible spaces to help promote awareness and prevention. The science curriculum, focused on health in elementary school, has the potential to transform this context. The documentary research highlighted a significant gap in the study of gender violence prevention. A qualitative approach was used with documentary research and content analysis, following the stages of pre-analysis, exploration of the material and treatment of the results. The analysis focused on the BNCC and the São Paulo Curriculum, in the parts corresponding to the teaching of Natural Sciences, complemented by a complete analysis of the booklet “Violence against women is not normal”. The analysis revealed that, although the curriculum documents address important aspects of health and prevention, there is a lack of explicit discussion of gender violence and gender equality. In the BNCC, topics such as individual and collective health are discussed, but gender-based violence is completely omitted. In the São Paulo Curriculum, there is a significant emphasis on health and prevention, but again, gender-based violence is not addressed. The absence of gender violence themes in official curricula reflects a 'blatant silence' that must be overcome, as well as highlighting the need to integrate these discussions transversally and continuously into the school curriculum, promoting an education that informs and transforms. The research concludes that it is essential to include themes of gender-based violence in the school curriculum in order to promote active and critical citizenship. It recommends updating curriculum documents, continuing training for educators, creating safe environments in schools and using tools such as Pedagogical Dialogical Talks to enrich educational practice. With these strategies, it is possible to promote an inclusive and transformative education, contributing to the construction of a fairer and more equal society.
Locação das estruturas de lazer e cultura como fonte de captação de recursos próprios: o caso da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Mendes, Alessandra Melo da Silva
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Alcântara, Rosane Lúcia Chicarelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6141230203546076
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5234708522385413
In recent years, Federal Higher Education Institutions (IFES) have undergone changes in budgetary scenarios, including a reduction in transfers from the Federal Government, their main financier. Faced with these changes, IFES had to adapt to the scarcity, looking for ways to efficiently apply their resources and/or reduce expenses, without losing their main focus, which is the provision of quality education services. The study addresses the importance of the autonomy of federal public universities, focusing especially on financial autonomy and the need to generate own resources to complement government funding. Autonomy allows institutions to decide on the application of discretionary resources, essential for non-mandatory areas such as research, extension and investments in infrastructure. The research approach used was qualitative, and the methods were traditional literature review and case study. The objective of this dissertation is to propose a guide to assist in pricing the rental of UFMT's leisure and cultural structures, so that they become a source of fundraising. Among the specific objectives are the identification of the main leisure and cultural structures at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, proposing a pricing policy for the rental of these structures and suggesting a resolution to institutionalize the pricing policy based on costs. Through the data collected in the case study, it was possible to identify the items that are contained in the full cost of each structure, extracting those that are paid with discretionary resources, allowing the identification of the effective impacts on the entity's budgetary-financial planning. The study proposes a pricing policy for these structures, aiming to mitigate the financial impact of these infrastructures on the institution's discretionary budget. Clear steps to be followed in implementing this policy were outlined, aiming to institutionalize efficient and transparent management practices. The research is justified by the need to promote efficient public management, which supports the autonomy of universities through the generation of their own revenue. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of a strategic cost view for an efficient allocation of resources in the public sector.
Caracterização reo-óptica da interação entre desenovelamento e desenrosco de cadeias poliméricas em fluxo cisalhante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Tambolim, Murilo
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Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7959-1872
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Canto, Leonardo Bresciani
Rheo-optical studies involve monitoring the flow of polymers by measuring their optical properties. In the case of pure polymeric fluids, flow birefringence can be used to quantify the molecular chain orientation. This study conducted flow birefringence experiments using atactic homopolymer pure polystyrene under various shear rates, shear cycles, and temperatures. These experiments were conducted using a polarized light optical microscope coupled with a controlled shear system and a transmitted light optical detector. The research focused on analyzing the degree of chain orientation and its correlation with the dynamics of chain uncoil, disentanglement and recoil. The expected increase in the orientation level as a function of the increase in the shear rate due to the chain uncoiling was confirmed. Over time, the degree of chain orientation decreased, primarily associated with chain disentanglement followed by recoiling. Notably, disentanglement was observed to be irreversible, whereas uncoiling and recoiling were reversibleprocesses. Based on these observations, a model was proposed to depict these molecular dynamics.
Ensino de física potencializado pela aprendizagem da linguagem de programação python: uma sequência didática baseada nos três momentos pedagógicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Yamaguti, Mateus Xavier
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Carvalho Neto, João Teles de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8622059450756991
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7917-2478
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1517475645301874
Understanding the need to renew current physics teaching, with the use of innovative strategies such as the use of digital resources, this qualitative and exploratory research seeks to discuss the potential that the Python programming language has in teaching Physics combined with methodology of teaching the Three Pedagogical Moments (3PM). For this, the Case Study research methodology was used, applied to a group of high school students from a public school in the interior of the state of São Paulo during the after-school shift remotely. To make this research possible, the research professor developed digital teaching materials and resources with the aim of enhancing teaching, and also achieving the development of Scientific Literacy and Technology (SLT) in students, relating the concepts of Physics and programming language Python, supported by 3PM. From the content analysis of the data constituted in the research, it was possible to establish three categories, signs of learning in Physics and/or programming, problematization and/or application of the subjects covered in class and indications of potential or limitations of teaching Physics with programming. Finally, these categories revealed that there are potentialities such as promoting the understanding of physical concepts and visualization of their phenomena. However, there is still a need to create resources and strategies that minimize the initial impact of the programming language and promote greater affinity with the student audience.
Correlações intrínsecas em sistemas tipo-Dirac confinados por um campo magnético constante
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Silva, Caio Fernando e
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Bernardini, Alex Eduardo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5215976260958847
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7357-5479
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4183915878240703
The Weyl-Wigner formalism in phase space is investigated in the context of Dirac spinors as qubits correlated by continuous degrees of freedom. The extension to relativistic equations connects quantum mechanical phenomena to quantifiers of the information stored in the Hilbert spaces of a confined Dirac particle. In particular, one focuses in linear entropy measures, calculated from the Wigner function for equal times. On the other hand, quantum information can be calculated by an entanglement measure, the quantum concurrence. In this context, to investigate the aspects of a quantum information theory, a fermion trapped by a magnetic field is considered. One finds that this entanglement measure is affected by interference in the configuration space, but not by linear combinations in phase space. Cat states can be obtained analytically as Gaussian superpositions dependent on a distance parameter in phase space. These states are followed by patterns of temporal evolution known as quantum revivals, as predicted for highly localized solutions. However, the unexpected feature is that the symmetry of cat states prevents them from following the usual dynamics. Namely, they exhibit fractional revivals with respect to their classical counterparts. Finally, statistical ensembles of Wigner-Dirac functions are also considered. A unique measure of quantum concurrence for mixed states is investigated. In this context, the partition function of the canonically distributed ensembles is also calculated. It is obtained from complex integration techniques, exhibiting distinct behavior for high and low temperatures. Respectively, a polynomial dependence on temperature and an expansion in terms of analytically continued Hurwitz functions are observed. Since this is the object that also describes the thermodynamics of confined Dirac-like systems in reduced spatial dimensions, our result establishes the formalism for calculating intrinsic correlations in systems that exhibit the same algebra as the Dirac equation in three spatial dimensions. In this context, we propose a method that can be applied to low energy systems, from electronic bands to bosonic systems.
Otimização do processo de sinterização e caracterização termomecânica de uma nova bauxita refratária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Noronha, Luiz Gustavo Moreira
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Muche, Dereck Nills Ferreira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6542991023278848
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3305-8757
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5210853401015926
The global market for refractory grade bauxite (RGB) has historically been supplied by only two distinct sources of ore. This scenario is primarily attributed to the stringent requirements of chemical and mineralogical specifications essential for this particular type of material. The primary suppliers are concentrated in China and Guiana, producing materials with high levels of Al2O3, reduced levels of Fe2O3, and a slight increase in TiO2 content. Upon examining the mineralogical phases of refractory grade bauxite (RGB), it is evident that major producers exhibit higher concentrations of conríndom, tialite, and mullite. Due to these rigorous specifications and the inherent complexity in the production process, no new supplier has emerged as a viable source of RGB thus far. However, a new bauxite mine in Brazil, located in the state of Goiás, at Barro Alto, has demonstrated the capability to produce bauxite with higher Al2O3 content and reduced TiO2 content, thereby differing from global standards in chemical and mineralogical composition, notably by the lower presence of TiO2 in its product. In this context, the present study focuses on the processing of Brazilian refractory grade bauxite, centering on two main areas: i) Optimizing the sintering process of bauxite for the development of benchmark properties; ii) Directly comparing Brazilian bauxite with global standards (refractory grade bauxite from Guiana and China), particularly concerning thermomechanical properties. The data obtained regarding load-bearing refractoriness, along with the results of chemical and mineralogical characterization, have demonstrated that refractory grade bauxite (RGB) derived from Brazilian Bauxite exhibits comparable performance to conventional bauxite products originating from China and Guiana. This finding establishes its viability as a robust alternative to materials traditionally employed globally.
O desafio das oito rainhas: um estudo sobre as soluções fundamentais do problema
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Carvalho, Ana Laura Ivanov
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Silveira, Graciele Paraguaia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6251988404047002
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8503606455851365
A million dollars awaits the solver of the chess challenge: arranging a thousand queens on a 1000x1000 chessboard so that none of them attacks another queen. This prize is offered by the Clay Mathematics Institute and remains unclaimed to this day. But the classic chess problem involves "only" eight queens on an 8x8 board, this study aims to explore solutions to this challenge using a mathematical approach based on the concepts of isometry: rotation and reflection applied to the board, along with combinatorial analysis concepts such as permutation, arrangement, and simple combination applied to piece arrangement. The goal is to find configurations that meet the problem's constraints and analyze whether these configurations are fundamental or derived from existing ones through the geometric properties of the chessboard. To achieve this, the strategy involves reducing the eight queens to the smallest possible number that allows a solution to the problem, beginning with four pieces. The results reveal new perspectives in solving the challenge, identifying symmetrical configurations representing equivalent solutions. It can be concluded that by applying simple mathematical concepts, it was possible to explore an old, classic problem in the field of computing, which involves a more complex algorithmic approach, in a simple and understandable manner for all readers.
Construção de sequência didática com crianças da educação infantil como ferramenta para a formação de percepção botânica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Apolari, Ana Paula
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Sebastiani, Renata
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9773755519907716
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-6137
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8152859218136173
This dissertation investigates how the approach of Didactic Sequence (DS), based on Delizoicov's Three Pedagogical Moments (TPM) and Paulo Freire's concept of dialogicality, can enhance the understanding of botanical concepts in Early Childhood Education (ECE). The central research question is: how can the implementation of a DS, structured according to TPM and guided by dialogicality, contribute to the construction of botanical knowledge among young children? The methodology adopted is qualitative, utilizing an action-research approach. The study was conducted in a Jardim II class at a municipal school, where a DS specifically designed to introduce botanical concepts in an accessible and engaging manner was applied. The proposed activities included image observation, thematic songs, exploration of the school’s natural environment, and practical activities that encouraged children to recognize and name parts of plants. The primary objective of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of the DS in promoting the learning of botanical concepts among children in the ECE age group, as well as integrating science into the children's daily lives in a way that stimulates curiosity and active involvement. The research also seeks to understand how TPM can be articulated in pedagogical practice to favor the construction of scientific knowledge from early childhood. The results indicate that the application of the DS, grounded in TPM, resulted in a greater understanding and engagement of the children with botanical content. The children were able to relate the knowledge acquired to their daily lives, demonstrating significant learning. Additionally, the research highlighted the importance of constant dialogue between teacher and students, promoting a learning environment where the children's spontaneous conceptions are valued and pedagogically developed. However, the research also revealed challenges, such as the need for more robust teacher training in the field of Botany, indicating that many professionals still feel insecure when addressing this content in Early Childhood Education.
Avaliação fisioterapêutica do complexo do ombro em pacientes com Diabetes Mellitus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Nardini, Lívia Bernardi
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Ferreira, Julia Kortstee
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Camargo, Paula Rezende
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7602596349127054
Introduction: Some studies have already indicated an association between Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and musculoskeletal alterations, particularly in the shoulder complex. Although the high prevalence of frozen shoulder in individuals with DM is well described in the literature, studies that analyzed shoulder alterations more broadly and functionally in this population are still scarce. Objective: This study aimed to compare shoulder pain and function between individuals with and without DM. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 26 participants divided equally into two groups: 13 with DM and 13 controls without DM. Sociodemographic data and lifestyle habits were collected. Shoulder pain and function (using the SPADI questionnaire); active and passive range of motion of shoulder flexion, medial rotation, and lateral rotation; muscle function of shoulder flexors, medial and lateral rotators, and serratus anterior; and functional performance of the upper limb (assessed by TFAST) were evaluated and compared between groups. Normality of data was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Student's parametric t-test was applied when data showed normal distribution to compare dependent variables between the two groups. For data that did not show normal distribution, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison. The significance level for all analyses was set at 5%. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in shoulder pain, disability, range of motion, muscle strength, or functional performance between the DM and control groups. A slightly higher percentage of participants in the DM group reported shoulder pain compared to the control group (46.2% vs. 38.5%), but this difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the association between DM and musculoskeletal disorders in the shoulder may be more complex than initially presumed, suggesting the influence of intermediate and multiple factors. Additionally, the presence of healthy lifestyle habits, such as physical activity and absence of smoking, in the sample of this study specifically may have influenced the results.
Negative self-rated health and non-utilization of university restaurants are associated with overweight and obesity among college students in Brazil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-04)
Dias, Flávia Santos Batista
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Silva-Nunes, Mônica da
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Ramalho, Alanderson Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8240520191833512
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5180108615629613
The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with overweight and obesity in a sample of university students. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional analytical observational study conducted with undergraduate students at the main campus of the Federal University of Acre. The study included a total of 655 students, 58.3% being female and 41.7% male. The overweight was 48.9%, with higher rates among males (53.8%), those aged 30 years and older (76.6%), and those from families with incomes above three minimum wages (57.2%). Obesity was present in 18.2% of students, with higher rates among females (18.8%), those aged 30 years and older (34.2%), and 19.1% among those from families with incomes above three minimum wages. The age group of 30 years and older; non-utilization of the university restaurant; being female; and self-rated health as regular, poor, or very poor emerged as associated factors with overweight in university students in the adjusted final model. The same association pattern for obesity was observed, except for the variable of gender. The findings of this study point to a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity among older university students, those who reported unfavorable self-rated health, and those who reported not consuming meals offered at the UR.
Poluição plástica dos oceanos: desafios e oportunidades para o PET
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-05)
Lucci, Vitória Bortolin
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Marini, Juliano
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4533610255047654
With increasing demand and production, plastic poses a serious threat to the marine environment, with a particular focus on PET - poly(ethylene terephthalate), which constitutes, for example, food and beverage packaging and, due to its low biodegradability, accumulates in oceans, becoming a major source of pollution. Given this scenario, this study aims to analyze potential degradation pathways of plastic materials in the sea, with a specific focus on PET degradation, the influencing factors in each reaction, and their consequences. Additionally, the current recycling methods for such materials are discussed, along with their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, solutions adopted by major brands like adidas, H&M, and Levi’s in utilizing recycled polyester are presented. Through this study, it becomes evident that there are significant challenges in recycling plastic waste, from improper disposal to various degradation processes leading to fragmentation and loss of properties. However, there are pathways enabling the production of value-added products from recycled polyester, as exemplified by initiatives of the organization Parley for the Oceans, emphasizing sustainable product development using plastics found in oceans. Therefore, despite economic and technological challenges, PET recycling is crucial for reducing plastic pollution and safeguarding marine ecosystems, necessitating technological improvements and sustainable waste management.
Ansiedade matemática em professores que ensinam matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-07)
Oliveira, Laôr Fernandes de
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Silva, Janaina Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5479838101146249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8194005344500135
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-1152
A ansiedade matemática é caracterizada por um conjunto específico de reações fisiológicas desagradáveis, como respostas cognitivas e comportamentais a estímulos matemáticos simples ou complexos que exigem o uso de habilidades matemáticas. A ansiedade matemática é mais apropriadamente descrita como padrões de reações comportamentais (fuga e esquiva), cognitivas (regras e autorregeras depreciativas) e fisiológicas desagradáveis diante de situações que envolvem a aplicação de algum conhecimento matemático. A ansiedade matemática tem mostrado interferência no desempenho de tarefas matemáticas, tanto de alunos como de professores. Assim, a presente pesquisa objetivou realizar uma revisão sistemática de artigos empíricos sobre ansiedade matemática em professores que lecionam matemática, publicados entre 2011 e 2021. Os conteúdos abordados nos 6 trabalhos incluídos estão relacionados à ansiedade matemática do professor. Os resultados indicam uma maior tendência de os professores iniciantes apresentarem ansiedade matemática. Esses dados sugerem a importância de se realizar o manejo da ansiedade em professores que estão iniciando o ensino de matemática.
Análise do desempenho térmico de um sistema de telhado verde e seu potencial de mitigação de ilhas de calor urbano em São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-08)
Pereira, Beatriz dos Reis
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Masiero, Érico
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-335X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3953579665941095
The increase in air temperature is one of the phenomena that can be noticed both in scientific data and through the thermal sensation. This has been occurring due to high environmental degradation, mainly caused by intense urbanization. The use of green roofs can contribute to combat the effects of air temperature inside and outside buildings, as well as to increase air humidity and reduce Urban Heat Islands, turning cities safer, more comfortable and sustainable. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the contribution of green roofs to the decrease in air and cover surface temperature. The experiment was realized at the city of São Carlos – SP, Brazil, through the measurement of the air in surface temperature in two platforms, one with exposed soil and another with peanut grass After this step, air temperature data were collected from the subsurface area and base area under both platforms. The results obtained for the platform with peanut grass showed a reduction of 5°C to 6°C in the subsurface area, and 1°C to 2°C in the base area, in comparison with the platform with exposed soil. For the period at night between 6 pm and 8 am, the platform with vegetation had a lower decrease of temperature, maintaining the heat. The period of the day between 8 am and 6 pm, this platform revealed a significant temperature reduction. For the simulation using the ENVI-met software, air temperature data was collected in a social housing area, which was modeled with conventional ceramic roofs and green roofs. The results brought a decrease in air temperature of up to 0.67°C at 3pm, for the area with green roofs. This can be considered a significant value when observed on a microclimatic scale, which demonstrates its mitigation potential of urban heat islands. In this way, it is possible to claim that the implementation of green roofs has positive results to reduce temperature in hot seasons and climates, as well as to maintain it in cases of colder seasons and climates.
Estudo sobre o preconceito contra diversidade sexual e de gênero entre docentes de uma universidade pública federal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-10)
Souza, José Francisco Sampaio
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Stofel, Natália Sevilha
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Melo, Flávio Adriano Borges
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2146448542549482
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9920077540301520
Prejudice, like other manifestations of discrimination, involves an attempt to inferiorise one social group to another, which can affect the health and disease process of individuals, causing them to become ill. Aim: Analysis of prejudices against sexual and gender diversity among faculty members at a federal public university. Method: An analytical, exploratory, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with teachers from different campuses of a public university in the interior of the State of São Paulo. An electronic form was used for data collection, with questions about the socio-demographic profile of the participants and the scale of prejudice against sexual and gender diversity. Analyses were performed using regression with a negative binomial distribution and an adjusted logarithmic link function, as well as Tukey's post-test. Results: 105 faculty members participated in the survey: 52 cis women and 53 cis men. The results show that cisgender male teachers tend to be more prejudiced against LGBT+ people than cisgender female teachers. In addition, 34.29% of teachers said they would feel uncomfortable going to places frequented by transvestites. Conclusions:There is prejudice against sexual and gender diversity among teachers at university. Cisgender male professors proved to be more prejudiced than cisgender female professors, showing a relationship between prejudice and gender. The presence of discomfort among lecturers when living in spaces frequented by transvestites highlights the hegemony of structural sexism and gender violence, which seeks to deny and/or erase what manifests itself as feminine in different social contexts. Gender Diversity. Sexual and Gender Minorities. Universities. Public Policy.
Proposta de exoesqueleto para reabilitação de mão parética devido acidente vascular cerebral
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-10)
Flório, Sérgio Henrique
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Aroca, Rafael Vidal
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9262228584082064
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-6493
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5622660183956641
Exoskeletons have been increasingly used as devices with the aim of assisting in the rehabilitation process for people who have suffered strokes and the consequences of hemiparesis. A known effective means of rehabilitation is the use of mirror neuron activation and it is expected that the use of an exoskeleton to use in this rehabilitation process will be able to maximize the results of the treatment. The work aims to contribute with a possible solution for hand rehabilitation exoskeletons that are functional and that meet the mirror neuron motor learning program. From a review of academic and market material, we understood the main characteristics that separate the types of exoskeleton configuration and analyzed which of them are requirements to meet the needs of the motor learning program. The project includes the development of a prototype based on the most prominent configuration, which was electromechanical with simple movement dynamics. A mechanical configuration of wire and pulley traction was chosen to extend the fingers and wrist, due to the anatomical characteristics of the human hand. Virtual and real prototyping is carried out, in addition to laboratory validation. In another study developed by Gisele Paiva, this exoskeleton is used to carry out tests on patients with hand hemiparesis.
Óleo essencial de limão para controle do bolor verde (Penicillium digitatum sacc.) e bolor azul (Penicillium italicum wehmer)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-10)
Mariano, Beatriz Saraiva
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Devite, Fernando Trevizan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4867480557280424
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Conceição, Patrícia Marluci da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6623193710607120
Green and blue molds, caused by the fungi Penicillium digitatum Sacc and Penicillium italicum Wehmer, respectively, have caused damage to citrus fruits, devaluing them for fresh trade. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of essential oils (EOs), extracted from lemon peel (Citrus limon L. Burmann f.), in the control of these pathogens. EOs extracted from four lemon genotypes were evaluated: Amber, Eureka, Harvey and Siciliano. In experiment 1, the control of P. digitatum by EOs was tested in vitro, using the agar diffusion method. The trial was carried out in a completely randomized design (DIC), in a 4x3 factorial scheme, with four lemon genotypes for EO extraction, three EO concentrations (4, 8 and 16 μL mL-1), with three replications. Plaque evaluations were carried out for seven days. The percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth was calculated for each concentration in relation to the control. In experiment 2, two post-harvest tests were carried out to evaluate the control of the fungi P. digitatum (1) and P. italicum (2) on Tahiti acid lime fruits. The experiments were carried out in DIC, in a 2x4x3 factorial scheme, with two control methods (preventive and curative), four lemon genotypes for EO extraction and three EO concentrations (0, 8 and 16 μL ml-1), with three repetitions per concentration, and ten fruits per repetition. In the preventive treatment, 20 μl of the solution with EO + Tween 80 (1%) was applied to each wound of the fruit and, after 24 hours, 20 μl of a suspension of the pathogen (1x103 conidia/ml for P. digitatum and 1x104 conidia/ml for P. italicum). In the curative control, fungi were inoculated and then solutions with EO + Tween 80 (1%). After pathogen inoculation, measurements of disease lesions were carried out over a period of seven days. The measurements obtained were used to determine the area under the disease progress curve (AACPD). The evaluation data were subjected to analysis of variance and compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. It was observed in the in vitro test that there was no statistical difference between the genotypes, from day 4 onwards, at concentrations of 8 and 16 μL. In post-harvest trials, with the fungus P. digitatum (1), the Amber genotype showed greater fungal inhibition at a concentration of 16 μL. For the fungus P. italicum (2), at concentrations of 8 and 16 μL, the AACPD was lower in the curative control method compared to the preventive one. It was concluded, in the in vitro test, that EOs at concentrations 8 and 16 μL showed greater inhibition of the growth of Penicillium digitatum. In post-harvest, the Amber genotype, at a concentration of 16 μL, curative method, stood out for its greater fungal inhibition of Penicillium digitatum. Curative treatment showed superiority in inhibiting fungi compared to preventive treatment.
O pior controle glicêmico no diabetes e a deficiência de vitamina D prejudicam a velocidade de caminhada em pessoas idosas a longo prazo?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-10)
Luiz, Mariane Marques
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Oliveira, Cesar Messias de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6763006996695958
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4099-4762
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Alexandre, Tiago da Silva
The mobility decline, evidenced by reduced walking speed (WS), is an important indicator of general health status and risk of adverse outcomes in older people. Although multifactorial, recent literature suggests that endocrine, metabolic, and nutritional diseases, such as diabetes and vitamin D deficiency, are factors associated with WS decline. However, no study has analyzed this association from the perspective of glycemic control of diabetes, measured by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and there are still controversies regarding the longitudinal association between vitamin D deficiency and slowness. Thus, the three objectives of this thesis were to verify if: 1) glycemic control status in diabetes is a risk factor for WS decline trajectories in older adults over eight years of follow-up; 2) the previous mobility condition of these individuals modifies these trajectories; and 3) vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are risk factors for incidence of slowness in older adults over six years of follow-up. Two studies were conducted with participants aged 60 or older from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). In study 1, a trajectory analysis, a sample of 3,202 participants and another of 2,126 participants without slowness (WS > 0.8 m/s) at baseline met the first and second objectives, respectively. At baseline and after four and eight years of follow-up, all participants were classified regarding glycemic control status as "without diabetes" (WD) (self-reported no diabetes and HbA1c < 6.5%), "adequate glycemic control" (AGC) (self-reported diabetes and HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and < 7.0%), and "poorer glycemic control" (PGC) (self-reported diabetes and HbA1c ≥ 7.0%). Generalized linear mixed models controlled for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were used to analyze WS trajectories in m/s according to glycemic control status over the eight years of follow-up. Results showed the annual WS decline was more pronounced in individuals with PGC (-0.015 m/s) and AGC (-0.011 m/s) compared to WD individuals, corresponding to a total decline of -0.160 m/s and -0.130 m/s, respectively, during eight-year of follow-up. Among participants without slowness at baseline, only those with PGC had a significant WS decline when compared to the WD group, corresponding to -0.014 m/s per year, and -0.222 m/s over the eight years of follow-up. In study 2, an incidence analysis, a sample of 2,815 individuals without slowness at baseline (WS > 0.8 m/s) met the third objective. The vitamin D levels of the participants were measured by serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and classified as sufficiency (> 50 nmol/L), insufficiency (> 30 to ≤ 50 nmol/L), and deficiency (≤ 30 nmol/L). With four and six years of follow-up, WS was reassessed to identify incident cases of slowness (WS ≤ 0.8 m/s). Incidence densities of slowness according to serum levels of 25(OH)D were calculated, and a Poisson model controlled for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics was used to analyze the association between serum levels of 25(OH)D and the risk of incidence of slowness. Results demonstrated that serum 25(OH)D deficiency increased the incidence density of slowness (90.7/1000 person/years) when compared to serum 25(OH)D sufficiency (67,4/1000 person/year) and increased the risk of incidence of slowness by 22%. Serum 25(OH)D insufficiency did not present as a risk factor for the incidence of slowness. Thus, our results demonstrate that poor glycemic control and vitamin D deficiency are risk factors for mobility limitation in older people. These findings allow early identification of individuals at higher risk of WS decline and reinforce the need for assertive strategies in managing glycemic control and vitamin D levels, especially in older adults, to prevent complications of these conditions, particularly in mobility.
Deleuze e Derrida: variações de uma experiência do talvez
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-10)
Souza, Alisson Ramos de
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3395-7381
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5481869110264674
The present thesis aims to relate the philosophies of Gilles Deleuze and Jacques Derrida through the lens of the “perhaps” – modality or syncategorem which, according to Nietzsche, is linked to the advent of a coming philosophy – and its implications on classical conceptions of the subject, especially in figure of the cogito, in the notion of truth, as adequacy; and in the current representation of time that situates the “perhaps” in the form of the possible. To this end, it is proposed to relate “perhaps” to paradox (inclusive disjunction), as the latter operates by affirming two meanings at once, destabilizing common sense and good sense. The guiding motif of this research is the following question: what are the consequences and implications for philosophy when it takes on the risks of “perhaps”? It is from this question and its ramifications that the work will be developed. It is about removing “perhaps” from its state of malediction, that is: to restore its “ontological dignity”, by dispelling the haze of self-evidence that disguises it in the order of exclusive disjunction, uncertainty, and possibility.
Análise de dispositivos hidrológicos de infiltração com modelagem por dinâmica de sistemas aplicada em São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-11)
Saran, Maria Natália
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Costa, Daniel Jadyr Leite
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5666440995767109
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1136-7986
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9638436244172850
During urbanization, the concern with urban drainage was insufficient, so that the effects can be observed by the increasing occurrence of floods. In an attempt to reduce these impacts in cities, flood control techniques emerge, and then compensatory drainage techniques, such as lot control techniques. In this context, one of the most common devices is the infiltration well, a structure that aims to assist in the infiltration of rainwater incident on a lot. With regard to hydrological modeling, the most used techniques for calculating the decrease in downstream flow are iteration methods, which can be solved through the implementation of numerical methods in electronic spreadsheets. However, due to the complexity of implementing these methods in this type of spreadsheet, this path is sometimes unusual, and the designer ends up seeking to implement analytical solutions, when they exist. However, if there is the possibility of solving this type of problem through the use of numerical methods, in a safe and simplified way, this can open up the range of options for resolution methods, and also, on the other hand, make the use of numerical methods with diverse applications within the area of hydrological science. Therefore, with the purpose of improving calculations, and obtaining greater ease and understanding for the hydrologist, this work sought through the fundamentals of Systems Dynamics, and with the use of Vensim Software, a way of modeling problems through a simpler and more user-friendly interface when compared to the use of electronic spreadsheets. In addition to building the hydrological infiltration model in a Systems Dynamics environment, data were collected through field experiments to calibrate the model, using a new infiltrometer, in addition to comparing results based on conditions assumed by other authors. It is considered that the model performed satisfactorily for the conditions that were analyzed.
O habitus migratório de um município mineiro: uma análise a partir de egressos do ensino médio de Governador Valadares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-11)
Lima, Ricardo Gomes
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Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0141039743607067
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4894-1400
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2777062106568395
This study adopted Bourdieu's theory of habitus, with an emphasis on migration, as a theoretical lens to understand the migratory phenomenon in Governador Valadares, MG. The objective was to verify whether the formative process of participants from private, federal, and state education networks influenced their views on migration in the municipality and to deepen the analysis of the perspectives of young people from Governador Valadares on emigration, characterizing the migratory habitus and the set of capitals for its consolidation. The study was structured into two articles: the first presented a literature review specifically focused on the application of Bourdieu's theory to the analysis of various migration studies. It was evidenced that this approach provides a valuable analytical perspective for understanding migratory phenomena. Among Bourdieu's concepts explored, habitus and the interconnection between different types of capital were the most frequently employed by researchers. Habitus proved fundamental in understanding migratory dynamics, influencing the trajectories and experiences of migrants. Additionally, the analysis of the interconnection between various capitals reveals transformations in the trajectory of migrants throughout the migratory process. The second article presented qualitative research on the migratory phenomenon in Governador Valadares through a structured questionnaire applied to former students of the integrated education program at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology - Governador Valadares campus, regular high school education from the state education network, and private high school education in the municipality. The hypothesis was that the formative process in the different education networks present in the municipality constitutes acquired cultural capital, potentially providing different views on the current context of the municipality and the aspects of the identified migratory habitus. This hypothesis was partially confirmed by the study.