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Atividade física no trabalho, lazer e sono em profissionais da saúde em ambiente hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-23) Cardoso, Beatriz Medeiros; Triches, Maria Isabel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9585150764624635; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7606-8218; Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-8981; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9768791495475274; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-765X
Introduction: Healthcare professionals have had their work hours intensified with the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to investigate, through objective measures, occupational physical activity (OPA) and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), as well as sleep characteristics. Objective: To describe and correlate physical activity at work and during leisure time with sleep quality and duration and musculoskeletal symptoms in healthcare professionals working in a hospital environment, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 17 healthcare professionals from hospitals in the city of São Carlos (SP). Data collection was performed using an electronic form, containing a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptoms Questionnaire (QNSO) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-Br). In addition, triaxial accelerometers (Axivity AX3) were used to monitor physical activity. The information was analyzed descriptively and through point-biserial correlation analysis. Results: Most participants had low back pain and poor sleep quality. The predominant postures at work and during leisure time were, respectively, sitting (50% and 41%) and standing (30% and 24%). The number of steps was higher during work. There was a negative correlation between light physical activity on non-work days and symptoms in the lumbar spine (r=0.69), feet (r=0.58) and shoulder (r=0.62); and between moderate to vigorous physical activity during leisure time and knee pain (r=-0.68). Conclusion: The practice of physical activity outside the work environment was associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in health professionals. Promoting the practice of physical activity can help in the prevention and control of musculoskeletal symptoms, especially in periods such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Respirar como direito de existir: epistemologia do armário e trajetórias de vida de mulheres lésbicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-23) Moraes, Simone Silveira; Mendonça, Viviane Melo de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4827331651090223; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1368-1883; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8511812158414809; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6146-6611
The research aimed to analyze the life trajectories of lesbian women, focusing on the experiences of refuges and coming out of the closet in the context of their relationships with other women in the family and how these interactions can affect mental health, especially with regard to anxiety. Using a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews, three women who self-identify as lesbians, living in the interior of the State of São Paulo, aged between 35 and 48, were interviewed. The speeches of these women were analyzed based on the theoretical-methodological discursive practices of social psychology. The results revealed that lesbian women face high levels of anxiety due to the heteronormative prejudice still prevalent in society. Another aspect identified was that the impact of social class and race on the experiences of these women, found in the analysis of the intersectionality of sexual orientation, class and race, further aggravates the prejudice and discrimination experienced. Black lesbian women face the accumulation of the color marker in their struggles and financial vulnerability affects lesbian women even more, especially in the face of family discrimination, when it can force them to leave home. Thus, the analysis of the interviews identified that interactions with family members, especially with women in the family, can be both sources of support and stress, significantly influencing the mental health of the interviewees, revealing that family acceptance or rejection affects anxiety levels of lesbian women. The research also revealed the role of religion in the lives of the interviewees and how religious backgrounds can contribute to increased levels of anxiety, as well as establishing themselves as a source of well-being and belonging. The study revealed that lesbian women can face great difficulty breathing when they come out of the closet, as the looks of family members who could welcome them often fail to recognize their identity.
Crianças autistas com e sem ecoico generalizado: um estudo exploratório sobre o ensino do comportamento de ouvinte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-23) Talarico, Mariana Valente Teixeira da Silva; Goyos, Antônio Celso de Noronha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3407008711535651; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6150-1074; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9804047279859169; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3934-4260
Several studies have been developed to install, increase and improve verbal behavior, especially in people with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Recent research suggests that in some cases, the acquisition of a verbal operant can give rise to others, without specific training. This focus on emergent verbal behaviors advocates that a response acquired under the control of the conditions of one verbal operant is transferred to the conditions of another, without direct instruction. The objective of the present study was to analyze the effects of listener training on the tact repertoire of autistic children with and without generalized echoic. Nine children participated in the study and were divided into two groups: group 1 - participants who presented a generalized echoic repertoire (P1, P2, P3, P4) and group 2 - participants who did not present a generalized echoic repertoire (P5, P6, P7, P8, P9). The procedures followed the following steps: 1- assessment of sitting behavior; 2- assessment of visual contact under instructional control; 3- behavioral assessment of initial repertoire; 4- assessment of generalized echoic; 5- listener and speaker baseline; 6-generalized echoic and motor imitation probe; 7- listener training; 8- speaker test (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5); 9- additional training (P6, P7, P8); 10- simple simultaneous discrimination (P6); 11- generalized echoic and motor imitation probe (P6, P7, P8, P9); 12- behavioral reassessment. As it is an exploratory study, it must be considered inconclusive, however it allows the establishment of important correlations between the data collected. All participants who presented the generalized echoic repertoire at baseline learned the auditory-visual (listener) discrimination of abstract stimuli Omega and Pi, with a relatively reduced number of teaching sessions (between four and fourteen sessions), and presented the rapidly emerging naming/tact relations (between three and eight sessions). On the other hand, participants who did not present a generalized echoic repertoire at baseline were unable to learn the listener and speaker repertoires of the same stimuli, although significant numbers of teaching sessions were carried out, as well as the insertion of alternative teaching and/or adjustments to teaching procedures. These results, in general, corroborate the proposal of Goyos (2018), who considers the generalized echoic repertoire as a prerequisite for more complex verbal/vocal skills and for socialization.
Aceitação do uso de robôs de serviço no cuidado e apoio às pessoas idosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-23) Cesário, Larissa Cayla; Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8086-3321; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4633633758571142; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9357-9442
Social service robots constitute an alternative solution for the care of elderly individuals. Their usage has become popular in several countries, especially those experiencing intensified shortages of healthcare human resources. However, this technology remains underexplored in Brazil. The objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to the acceptance of service robots in the care of elderly individuals in Brazilian households. To achieve this, three research stages were conducted using different methods. The first stage involved a bibliometric review to identify key research themes in literature concerning social service robots and elderly care. The second stage utilized a survey to assess acceptance and intention to use social service robots among a sample of potential users in Brazil, employing the adapted Service Robot Acceptance Model. The third stage comprised semi-structured interviews to delve deeper into issues regarding potential users' detailed impressions of service robot usage. Results revealed the intellectual framework of this literature organized into six clusters: (i) robot acceptance and design, (ii) social role and ethical values, (iii) barriers and criticism, (iv) effects, efficacy, and impact of robot use, (v) therapeutic use of robots, and (vi) perceptions of healthcare professionals and services, alongside a proposed future research agenda. In stage 2, data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling techniques, while interview data were subjected to Content Analysis. Findings confirm the Service Robot Acceptance Model within the context of elderly care, demonstrating high predictive capacity. Additionally, the value of social service robots was confirmed, emphasizing significant functional elements for elderly acceptance. Moreover, elderly individuals expressed an intention to use social service robots for emotional comfort. However, they did not perceive robots as real people capable of fully replacing human care, indicating the establishment of a relationship with emotional boundaries. This dissertation contributes to advancing research on the topic and supporting elderly care and support within the Brazilian national context.
Design of Ti-Nb-Cr alloys for hydrogen storage: exploring hydride destabilization through Nb/Ti ratio adjustment
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-07-23) Dias, Gabriela Chimello Mayer; Zepon, Guilherme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7924187202036614; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7085380229734116
Hydrogen is emerging as a promising alternative to fossil fuels amidst concerns over depleting reserves and environmental impacts. However, efficient hydrogen storage remains a significant challenge for widespread application. Solid-state storage, especially using metal hydrides, presents a promising solution for efficient storage at moderate pressure conditions. Alloys with a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, such as those in the Ti-V-Cr and Ti-V-Nb-Cr systems, have shown promising properties. Notably, studies specifically on hydrogen storage in Ti-Nb-Cr ternary system alloys are scarce, with results emphasizing high hydride stability. To enhance the efficiency of MH-based hydrogen storage systems, achieving hydrogen desorption at low temperatures is crucial. In this context, this study investigates the hydride destabilization in the Ti-Nb-Cr system by designing alloys with a reduced concentration of the stronger hydride-forming element, Ti, and an increased fraction of the weaker hydride-forming element, Nb. To favor a predominant body-centered cubic (BCC) phase, Cr content was maintained below 35 at.%. The impact of these compositional adjustments on key properties for solid-state hydrogen storage was thoroughly examined. Trends in the plateau pressures of the Pressure-Composition-Temperature (PCT) diagrams were predicted using a thermodynamic model. Four compositions were studied: Ti1.0Nb1.0Cr1.0, Ti0.8Nb1.4Cr1.0, Ti0.6Nb1.8Cr1.0, and Ti0.4Nb2.2Cr1.0. These alloys were synthesized via arc melting and predominantly exhibited a BCC phase with a fraction of C15 Laves phase. All alloys showed rapid absorption kinetics and attained maximum hydrogen storage capacities of 2.79 wt.%, 2.30 wt.%, 2.23 wt.%, and 2.09 wt.%, as the Nb/Ti ratio increased. After 10 cycles, capacities decreased by 0.20 wt.%, 0.16 wt.%, 0.17 wt.%, and 0.26 wt.%, respectively. PCT diagrams indicated that increasing the Nb/Ti ratio resulted in higher plateau pressures, nearly reaching 1 bar in absorption for the Ti0.4Nb2.2Cr1.0 alloy. Thermal analysis revealed that the enthalpy of desorption became lower with increasing the Nb/Ti ratio, indicating hydride destabilization.