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A Feira do Beco do Inferno entre um evento e um movimento: juventude e organização política na cena cultural de Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Siems, Vânia Gutierres; Tarábola, Felipe de Souza; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1607155996690149; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1893456364486834
This dissertation examines the event “Feira do Beco do Inferno” in Sorocaba, reflecting on its role as a cultural and political expression of individuals and groups organized in the city, as well as a significant cultural and social movement for Sorocaba. The study was motivated by the need to understand in what ways the Fair functions as a space of resistance, expression and social engagement for the youth and other participating groups, being much more than just an artistic celebration. The main objective was to investigate the interactions and the impact the Fair has on the social and cultural context of Sorocaba, particularly regarding the involvement of the Youth and its influence on the local cultural and political dynamics. Using qualitative methodology, the research relied on participant observations, semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis in order to capture the experiences and perceptions of the Fair participants. This approach allowed for a deep immersion in the dynamics of the event and the identification of its contributions to the social and cultural fabric of the city. The results revealed that the Feira do Beco do Inferno is a vital meeting point for young people, providing an environment of crucial development for art, political debate and social activism. The event has established itself as a cultural movement that challenges conservative social norms, promoting inclusion, diversity and civic participation. Through art and cultural expression, the Fair facilitates the dialogue and the reflection on social issues, fostering a sense of community and belonging among the participants. The Feira do Beco do Inferno plays a crucial role in the cultural and social life of Sorocaba’s youth, acting as a facilitating agent for engagement and social change. This study indicates the relationship between cultural spaces such as the Fair and the promotion of active citizenship, and presentes considerations for formulating public policies. Keywords: Cultural Movements; Cultural Collectives; Youth; Sorocaba; Political Action
Sensor fotoeletroquímico para detecção de naproxeno em esgoto utilizando nanocomposto de vanadato de bismuto/óxido de cobre
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Badaró, Carolina do Carmo; Moraes, Fernando Cruz de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8597473049054728; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5079454486243621; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1485-8003
Emerging pollutants are chemicals increasingly detected in the environment, often lacking analysis protocols and concentration limits regulated by governmental agencies. Pharmaceuticals are notable among these pollutants, found in sewage, surface water, groundwater, and even treated drinking water, often at very low concentrations but with potential environmental and public health impacts. Sewage treatment plants, though designed to remove various pollutants, may not effectively eliminate these emerging pollutants due to their persistence against conventional treatment processes. This study focuses on detecting naproxen in sewage using a photoelectrochemical sensor developed from the semiconductor material BiVO4/CuO. Morphological, structural, electronic, and electrochemical characterizations were conducted using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The sensor exhibited an analytical signal during photocurrent generation simultaneously with naproxen oxidation on the working electrode. Sensor responses were proportional to increased naproxen concentrations in the linear range of 0,02 μmolL-1 to 0,48 μmolL-1, with R2 = 0,997 and a detection limit of 4,90 nmolL-1. Naproxen detection in sewage samples was successfully achieved, with recovery percentages above 95%
Caracterização dos genomas do tatu-peba e tatu-canastra e genômica comparativa na superordem Xenarthra
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Inforzato, Alexandre Romero; Freitas, Patrícia Domingues de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5647631868534064; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8837582566960537; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-656X
This study investigated the genetic diversity and genes under positive selection in xenarthrans using genomes and sequencing data currently available in the public database GenBank (NCBI), focusing on Euphractus sexcinctus (six-banded armadillo) and Priodontes maximus (giant armadillo), whose genome assemblies were produced by the author. For comparative genomics analyses, the novel assemblies of E. sexcinctus and P. maximus were added to the nine existing xenarthran genomes in the GenBank database (Bradypus variegatus, Cabassous unicinctus, Chaetophractus vellerosus, Choloepus didactylus, Choloepus hoffmanni, Dasypus novemcinctus, Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Tamandua tetradactyla, and Tolypeutes matacus), increasing the genomic representation of a clade with only 31 living species and a rich evolutionary history. The genomic characterization revealed challenges in genome assembly, especially for P. maximus, whose low coverage and high fragmentation limited gene content completeness and, consequently, the prediction of expressed proteins. To mitigate this effect, the RagTag v2.1.0 tool was used to reduce fragmentation in several of the assemblies, significantly increasing the prediction of expressed proteins and orthologous genes. For selection analysis, expressed proteins were predicted using the GeMoMa v1.9 tool, single-copy orthologous genes were identified using OrthoFinder v2.5.5, multiple codon alignments were performed with PRANK v.170427, phylogenetic trees were constructed with IQ-Tree2 v2.1.2, and positive selection analysis was conducted with HyPhy v2.5.8, using the BUSTED function. Candidate genes identified as being under positive selection were validated with Xia's substitution saturation test in the DAMBE v7.3.32 software and functionally annotated with the emapper v2.1.12 tool from the eggNOG v5.0.2 package. This led to the identification of 15 genes under positive selection, including keratin (KRT10), which may have conferred evolutionary advantages to xenarthrans. The autosomal heterozygosity analysis showed significant variations among the species. The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) and the giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus), classified as "Vulnerable" by the IUCN, exhibited low heterozygosity, indicating reduced genetic diversity. In contrast, the southern three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes matacus), although classified as "Near Threatened", displayed high heterozygosity, and the Linnaeus's two-toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus) and Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni) – despite being both classified as “Least Concern” – exhibited reduced heterozygosity. The analyses provided detailed data on the genetic diversity and evolution of xenarthrans, contributing to the understanding of these species and their conservation needs.
Perspectivas da digestão anaeróbia na produção de biogás a partir de resíduos orgânicos: uma análise sistemática da literatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Sacoman, Diego Angelo; Silva, Edson Luiz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9720274214573371; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1958144604187684
Anaerobic digestion of waste is a research topic that has gained increasing relevance due to its relationship with the topic of sustainability, in the context of the need to deal with organic waste, mainly industrial, which in several countries is discarded in exorbitant quantities causing drastic environmental pollution, in addition to the alternative relying on the production of biogas, especially methane, and bioenergy. Therefore, this work aims to carry out a bibliographical analysis and systematic review of the literature, exploring the concepts of anaerobic digestion and anaerobic co-digestion, the relationship with heterogeneous substrates and their efficiencies. Furthermore, the literature review also analyzes scientific publications on the subject of anaerobic treatment of organic waste, verifying different approaches, observing the most relevant parameters for the treatment and production of biogas. For detailed analysis of scientific studies, the Scopus and Web of Science database will be used. Based on the data presented, we intend to analyze the main topics of study and, highlighting the most cataloged substrates, countries and periods with the largest publications, and conclude whether anaerobic co-digestion is a promising strategy for the treatment of organic waste, to minimize the environmental impact.
Síntese, caracterização e aplicação de ligantes geopoliméricos em concretos refratários avançados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Bezerra, Breno Parente; Luz, Ana Paula da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3571098419382941; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0193-9373
Alternative binders represent a promising avenue for the development of ultra-low and cement-free refractories, significantly reducing CO2 emissions and the energy consumption associated with these products. Geopolymers (GP) are sustainable binders that can be utilized in the manufacture of these ceramics. However, a comprehensive comparison of systems containing calcium aluminate cement (CAC) or GP is necessary to identify the advantages and limitations of these new materials. In this study, the synthesis, characterization, and application of geopolymers in alumina-based castables were evaluated, aiming to enable the partial or complete replacement of CAC in these refractories. Initially, metakaolin (MK)-based geopolymer systems were formulated using liquid reagents (LR) composed of NaOH and different sources of amorphous silica (sodium silicate, silica fume, or colloidal silica suspension). Subsequently, the most promising LR was chosen, adjusting the content of NaOH and/or KOH to enhance the thermal stability of the geopolymers. Furthermore, the effect of incorporating these new binders into the properties of the refractories was investigated between 40-1400°C through various tests, including flowability, physico-thermo-mechanical measurements, and XRD, ATR-FTIR, and/or SEM analyses. Geopolymers prepared with colloidal silica suspension (CS) exhibited the best characteristics for use in the development of innovative refractories. Alumina-based castables with 8 wt.% MK and LR containing NaOH-CS (8MK-Na) and 6 wt.% MK and LR containing KOH-CS (6MK-K) showed optimized behavior, where the generation of a liquid phase during sintering induced densification of the samples between 1100-1250°C. These transformations resulted in microstructures with strong interfacial bonds between the glassy phase and alumina grains. Additionally, the refractory containing a combination of 2.7 wt.% CAC and 1.3 wt.% MK exhibited 1.18% shrinkage, an elastic modulus of 135 GPa, mechanical strength of 39.1 MPa, and high thermal shock resistance. These advancements resulted in the development of refractories with remarkable performance, surpassing the reference material.
Contar para ocultar(-se): o funcionamento do silêncio na/pela formulação de Javier Marías em “Amanhã, na batalha, pensa em mim”
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Santos, Júlio César Martins; Nogueira, Luciana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7475342844385424; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4470-5005; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9888692612241549; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-4591
This Master’s Thesis uses as material for analysis the literary work “Tomorrow, in battle, think on me” (1994), by the Spanish writer Javier Marías (1952-2022). Anchored by the theory of Discourse Analysis, by Pêcheux and Orlandi, it seeks to understand how silence works in/through the author's formulation in this work. Silence and formulation, in turn, are notions that are very important to Discourse Analysis and that were worked on here under the perspective of the work of Orlandi (2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2015). Divided into three chapters, it refers to a thematic structure that observes fundamental moments for the narrative, namely: Death, Siege and Unveiling. From this organization, a dialogue was established with theory to construct the analysis device in order to relate the passages described in the novel to the conditions of production of the work, that is, to the socio-historical, ideological aspects and constitutive exteriority. In this way, the Excerpts produced focused on recurring linguistic functions, in the syntactic and semantic spheres, such as negation, appositive enumerations and repetitions. Given these Excerpts, it was possible to discuss issues relating mainly to Spanish society in the 20th century, especially with regard to the consequences of the Spanish Civil War (1937-1939), the subsequent dictatorial regime implemented by General Francisco Franco (1939-1975), the democratic transition at the end of the dictatorship and the final decades of the millennium, the period in which the plot develops. Thus, the different types of silence described by Orlandi (2015), namely, founder and the politics of silence – subdivided into constitutive and local silence – appear in the work in order to touch on the still unhealed wounds of the traumatic experiences that occurred in Spain during the last century, since the meanings produced in the tension between telling and not telling refer to the trivialization of violence and death, constant persecution and surveillance experienced over decades of repression in confrontation with the subsequent political openness and the unavoidable change of times brought about by technological revolution announced and actually carried out. The subjects of these times, then, had to deal with these two poles: the trauma of the past and the tension of the future. The Mariasian formulation, characterized by long periods, serves, this time, as an observation and listening post not only for its elaborate imagetic constructions, but also for what it allows us to glimpse through the clues and subtle traces left by silent/in what is silenced.
Desejo, trabalho e agenciamentos: a (des)plataformização do trabalho sexual no contexto brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Melo, Cristiane Vilma de; Leite Júnior, Jorge; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-9169; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0140071637436804; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-3155
This thesis sought to understand the (de)platformization of sex work experienced by sex workers at the intersection of the objective and subjective aspects of the digital sex market by condensing categories such as sex work and desire. Specifically, we aim to: a) understand how women who work in the platform-mediated sex market articulate the notion of difference to the production of desire; b) describe how these women define their work in the sex market and the relationship between this universe and the category "sex worker"; c) analyze the ruptures and continuities in the digital sex market based on concepts such as pornification of the self, pleasure, and visibility. Our hypothesis points to an extrapolation of the category of sex work, the digitally mediated construction of which creates a grammar of desire related to the sexual incitement of those who produce, search, and consume, as well as creating identity and agency processes that interpellated the category of "woman" as a desiring subject. The methodology was based on bibliographical and documentary research, interviews, and digital and multisited ethnography.
Professores do Atendimento Educacional Especializado em atividade de ensino do conceito de número: uma perspectiva a partir da Teoria da Atividade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Criminazzo, Mariana Aparecida Mesquita; Lozano, Daniele; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6775248941851933; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2379-5403; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3009227821659794; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1457-3478
The aim of this research was to investigate how Specialized Educational Assistance (SEA) teachers organize their teaching so that students appropriate the concept of number. Specifically, based on the answers to a questionnaire and a fictitious case it aimed to develop, apply and evaluate a training proposal for these teachers, based on the assumptions of the Teaching Guiding Activity (TGA), whose elements are referenced in Leontiev's Activity Theory. In this way, we were able to verify, using some categories of Dialectical Historical Materialism and Cultural-Historical Theory, how the theoretical and practical contributions influenced the transformation and appropriation of the teachers' conceptual thinking. The data suggests that the teachers' knowledge was related to the external links of the concept, by proposing activities primarily focused on tracing the numbers and recognizing the graphic symbol associated with the quantities, which also revealed a lack of conceptual knowledge. The analyses showed that this research played its part in contributing to, if not breaking with practices based on the hegemonic knowledge of formal logic, at least raising important questions about the intentional organization of the teaching of the concept of number, because by knowing the logical-historical movement of this concept, it is possible to reveal what formal logic strives to hide. In addition, the data presented in this study shows us the urgent need for this type of knowledge on the part of education professionals, as well as a greater depth in the appropriation of some of the concept's links, such as Grouping, Base of the Decimal Numbering System and Positional Value.
A study of two-echelon routing problems applied to last-mile delivery: formulations and exact methods
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-09) Senna, Fernando; Munari, Pedro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328868140869976; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5929-593X; Morabito Neto, Reinaldo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4194801952934254; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3948-305X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2744355534053154; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0615-5981
Vehicle routing in urban environments encompasses additional challenges for logistics services providers due to traffic conditions, city regulations, and difficulty in finding parking locations. To overcome these issues, companies usually adopt alternative delivery systems, such as the ones that are reflected in two-echelon routing problems. These problems are based on the idea of having larger vehicles taking goods from depots to intermediary facilities or parking locations, and smaller vehicles or walking deliverymen taking goods from these points to the final customers. Two examples of such problems are the two-echelon location-routing problem (2E-LRP) and the vehicle routing problem with time windows and multiple deliverymen (VRPTWMD). The first encompasses decisions on vehicle routing in both echelons and the facilities to be opened or used. The latter considers that vehicles may carry more than one deliveryman to increase vehicle efficiency. In this dissertation, we propose improvements for both of these problems, focusing on formulations, valid inequalities, Benders decomposition schemes, and exact solution methods. For the 2E-LRP, two novel formulations are presented and compared to the benchmark one. Their linear programming relaxations and their performance under a mixed-integer programming solver are compared, showing that the novel formulations greatly outperform the benchmark of the literature. Also, 125 new best known lower bounds and 55 new optimal solutions were found for the 131 benchmark instances evaluated. Regarding the VRPTWMD, two realistic extensions of the problem were proposed, incorporating in the optimization the deliveryman routes and the decision on which customers to serve in each vehicle stop, which are usually considered to be preprocessed in the literature. Valid inequalities and Benders decomposition schemes were proposed to develop exact solution algorithms for these new variants of the VRPTWMD. Managerial insights show the importance of applying these variants instead of the common approach from the literature, leading to cost reductions of around 10%.