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Influências do ser filha no ser mãe: um estudo psicanalítico sobre o processo de tornar-se mãe
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-16) Pereira, Rafaela; Câmara, Leonardo Cardoso Portela; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0876503068661138; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1424-8704; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0771777128715369; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5991-2774
This dissertation aims to study the psychic processes involved in the construction of motherhood as experienced by women when becoming mothers, from a psychoanalytic perspective. The concepts of Psychic Transparence and Primary Maternal Preoccupation, developed respectively by Monique Bydlowski (2001) and Donald Winnicott (1956), were employed to understand the new female psychic functioning resulting from the transition to parenthood. This is a qualitative study conducted using psychoanalytic methodology. Through a theoretical-clinical approach and based on the narratives of a new mother, the research sought to investigate and discuss the psychic phenomena experienced and observed during the process of becoming a mother. The clinical material for the study was derived from six interviews conducted with the participant Maria. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using procedures typical of psychoanalytic practice: free listening, text clipping, and reconstruction. The original material was subjected to a series of rearrangements in order to share certain elements of the case that demonstrate motherhood as a place of indeterminacy and overlapping roles [daughter and mother], which allow for interpretations of the influences of being a daughter on the mothering of new mothers. In this work, we also propose a new look at the concept of reparation, which is associated with a maternal action aimed at appeasing a child's need not previously considered. The situations experienced during the research underscore the importance of specialized listening to mother-women and the use of brief psychotherapy psychoanalysis as a potential avenue for promoting insights capable of effecting certain changes in the dynamics of new mothers, thereby offering therapeutic benefits in reducing maternity-related discomfort symptoms. Furthermore, the theories developed and the authors studied contribute to a clinical theory of parenthood, encompassing and dissecting not only the unique psychic functioning that emerges upon entering motherhood, but also proposing a distinct psychological temporality specific to this phase of female life.
Estratégias intergeracionais mobilizadas por famílias no dever de casa de matemática: um estudo sobre práticas de letramento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-16) Antunes, Brenda Cristina; Ciríaco, Klinger Teodoro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2947929641568853; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1694-851X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5401065252082099; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2545-5760
This dissertation describes the directions and final results of a master's degree investigation, linked to the Postgraduate Program in Education (PPGE) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), along with the research line "Education in Sciences and Mathematics" - Axis Mathematics Education. The general objective was to understand what family teaching strategies reveal when solving Mathematics homework, based on the intergenerational issue from the perspective of literacy. As a theoretical framework, we rely on studies of literacy, literacy, numeracy/mathematical literacy, family-school relationships and intergenerational relationships. The methodological approach is part of studies on the family-school relationship, with a qualitative study, whose data produced focused on participant observation of the homework assistance process, in situ by the researcher, as well as from a questionnaire of characterization of family groups that included specific questions about the importance of Mathematics in life. The research theme stands out as fundamental and innovative in the field of Mathematics Education as it presents the possibility of understanding the intergenerational culture of families at a public school in the region of São Carlos-SP. The data produced and analyzed indicate that family members (grandmother and mother), with whom we were in direct contact, use diverse action schemes, ranging from counting on their fingers, support from semi-structured and structured resources, even though they do not have mastery of basic instruments for the adoption of the latter. Thus, studying the family-school relationship, in the context of this work, indicated that this is a rich and promising field to be explored with emphasis on the intergenerational issue that highlighted the need to understand processes of mathematical literacy practices mobilized in homework.
Modelos de resposta limitada para regressão e teoria de resposta ao item
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-08-16) Stülp, Patrícia; Bazán Guzmán, Jorge Luis; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8040998023074358; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3918-8795; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9904527151581115; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-5996
Some bounded response regression models have been recently proposed in the literature to model rates and proportions. In this way, we initially studied the Beta, Simplex and L-logistic regression models considering a Bayesian estimation of the parameters of the three models using the No-U-Turn sampler (NUTS) algorithm from the implementation via the Stan package. A comparative parameter recovery study is implemented and a performance study of different packages is carried out. Finally, applications were carried out, the first with generated data and the other two with real data about poverty in Peru and in the municipalities of Brazil, respectively, and were presented comparing the performance of the models for the estimation of small and large samples. Furthermore, we propose a new quantile regression model with a bounded response distribution that generalizes the L-logistic distribution. Following a bayesian approach, estimation model comparison criteria and residual analysis are performed as well as a simulation study for prior sensitivity and parameter recovery. An application of the new distribution to model poverty vulnerability in Brazil and a regression analysis with poverty data from Peru is included. Comparison with the L-Logistic and G-Logistic distributions are also performed showing the great flexibility of the new model. Another example of modeling for bounded responses is the time it takes an examinee to perform a computerized test, for example. In this sense, we also propose a model in the hierarchical bayesian context, in order to model the response time (RT) following a bounded distribution and obtain a joint model in combination with the accuracy of the response by considering Bernoulli model and for the precision we consider the Normal Ogive model, from the Item Response Theory (IRT). To model the RT proportion, we initially propose the use of the Beta distribution and perform a Bayesian approach for parameter estimation using the R2jags package. A brief parameter recovery simulation study was developed and the model was applied to a real PISA 2015 computer readout dataset.