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Embriogênese somática de cana-de-açúcar: uma revisão bibliográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Sanchez, Amanda Dutra
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Souza, Dulce Helena Ferreira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3428955299526003
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-6744
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1032096409786207
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is one of the most produced and used around the world, especially in Brazil. However, this high demand can generate challenges in production, motivating research groups to explore genetic modifications to optimize sugarcane production. This Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out a bibliographical review on the use of Embryogenic calluses in genetically modified sugarcane. To assist In this review, the works found come from searches on platforms Capes and Google Scholar periodicals, listing works that were compatible with the theme. From this, it is notable that Brazil has many places that are difficult to sugarcane production, whether due to climate change such as high temperatures, rainfall or infertile soil problems. In this context, genetic modifications emerge as a promising alternative to maintain production and sustain the economy. -THE micropropagation, via the production of embryogenic callus, is an essential tool in this process, allowing large-scale multiplication and the choice of genotypes of high performance for the genetic improvement of sugar cane. Therefore, studies conducted by Embrapa, Ridesa, CTC and IAC are essential on this path, aiming to understand sugarcane, its genotypes and optimizing the production of this crop.
Eficiência socioeconômica e alfabetização financeira: uma análise por envoltória de dados entre países
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Souza, Daiane Aparecida Pereira Flor de
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Santana, Naja Brandão
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4950197164940762
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5652824930074298
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https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2720-1469
Discussions about economic growth and development aligned with human development have been widely debated in the literature. While growth is commonly associated with the expansion of the economy over a given period of time, development encompasses a series of qualitative improvements in a country's economic structure. In contrast, human development aims to improve people's living conditions and promote the development of their capabilities, covering various aspects such as health, education, food, personal safety, among other factors that impact human well-being. However, available resources are not always used effectively to achieve maximum social and economic benefits. In this context, the application of socioeconomic efficiency analysis allows us to assess whether resources and investments are being used efficiently. Aligned with well-being issues, we also have “Financial Literacy”, which has been recognized worldwide as an important element of economic and financial stability and development. Since the lack of financial knowledge harms individual well-being and the financial capacity of families, it compromises the resources of financial institutions, impedes the growth of the financial sector, delays investment opportunities and contributes to the worsening of the socioeconomic situation of countries. Given these scenarios, the general objective of this study is twofold: the first is to calculate the socioeconomic efficiency of a group of countries, and for this, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was applied. Secondly, and considering the importance of Financial Literacy, a comparative analysis of the socioeconomic efficiency results was carried out with the Financial Literacy rates taken from the S&P Global FinLit Survey, in order to assess whether countries with better Financial Literacy rates are more socioeconomically efficient. The results found partially validated the hypothesis, since in certain segments they presented positive results and in others negative ones. For countries classified as having high and medium Financial Literacy rates, most efficiency results ranged between maximum and high levels, with the exception of one group with only medium results for both variables. In the group of countries classified as having high Financial Literacy rates and maximum efficiency levels, it was noted that this set of economies are world references on the subject of Financial Education, in addition to the fact that most of them belong to the European continent. On the other hand, for countries classified as having low and very low Financial Literacy rates, efficiency results ranged between the three levels of efficiency: maximum, high and medium. However, it was expected that for this group the results would be only medium efficiency.
Examinando os papéis do sexo, identidade de gênero e tempo de diagnóstico na camuflagem social no transtorno do espectro do autismo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Cassaguerra, Bianca Fernandes
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Elias, Nassim Chamel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4197-623X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4930051147393562
The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is given three to four times more for men than for women, because, according to the literature in the area, women must express more behavioral problems and emotional deficits than men to receive the diagnosis. Furthermore, even though they have similar degrees of autistic traits, women are diagnosed later than men. A theory that proposes to explain the reason for this difference is that of social camouflage, which refers to a strategy, consciously or unconsciously acquired, used by people on the autistic spectrum to fit into a social context and involves the act from disguising typical autism behaviors to becoming more like a typical neuro person. The aim of this study will be to investigate the roles of sex, gender identity (gender diverse versus cisgender) and time of diagnosis (diagnosed in childhood or adolescence versus in adulthood) and the interactions between these factors in Brazilian adults diagnosed with ASD. Participants will be 30 adults over 18 years of age diagnosed with ASD by medical report of both biological sexes and any gender identity (for example, cis woman, cis man, trans woman, trans man, etc.). A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q) translated into Portuguese will be used, both applied via Google Forms. Then, a semi-structured interview will be conducted with questions about the participant's experience with ASD, conducted through Google Meet. During the interviews, participants reported as relevant factors related to social camouflage, the diagnostic process, sensory sensitivities, social interactions, difficulties related to educational institutions and the job market, and other issues such as bullying, abusive relationships, sexuality, gender, and self-stigmatization. In the CAT-Q, the ten highest scores were from biologically female participants. Among these ten participants, eight identify as cisgender women. The individuals with the highest scores were female, non-heterosexual, of diverse gender, with incomplete higher education, and who received the diagnosis after the age of 21. Although these findings are consistent with what is found in the literature, the results of the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) based on p-values indicate that none of the categories had a differentiated impact on social camouflage strategies, nor on the subcategories of compensation, masking, and assimilation (significance would be indicated for p-values < 0.05). Additionally, the effect size of these categories on social camouflage is low (η² < 0.07 for all analyses). These results differ from those found in the literature.
O impacto das casas-abrigo no rompimento do ciclo de violência contra mulher cometida por parceiro íntimo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Rodrigues, Júlia Bianchini
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Brino, Rachel de Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0235133592567485
The present study theoretically explores the impact of shelters on breaking the cycle of violence against women, particularly those committed by intimate partners. Based on a review of recent literature, the study investigated how these institutions function as essential factors of protection and support. The aim was to understand how shelters contribute to interrupting the cycle of violence by providing a safe environment and empowerment programs that aid in the recovery and reintegration of victims. The findings indicate that, in addition to offering physical protection, these institutions promote the emotional and social empowerment of women, although they still face challenges related to social reintegration and the need for public policies adapted to local realities. It was concluded that, despite these challenges, shelters play a crucial role in protecting women and preventing femicides, requiring continuous support to maximize their effectiveness.
Teste adaptativo de regulação emocional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Carvalho, Giovana Fogagnoli
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Miguel, Fabiano Koich
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8404130543685490
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2498-692X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6707003121417748
Emotion regulation refers to the attempts used by the individual to influence which emotions one has, when one has them, and how one experiences or expresses them. The construct is present in the individuals' intrinsic emotional control and in how they relate to the environment, in different contexts. Instruments that assess emotional regulation are present in most research on the subject. In Brazil, there are no adaptive instruments for assessing emotional regulation. Thus, the present study aims to build the adaptive version of the Online Questionnaire of Emotional Regulation (QoRE). The first stage of the study is fixed by constructing items and administering the test in an online format. The second step is equivalent to instrument validation, in which it will be applied along with other emotional regulation assessment tests and similar constructs, also in the online format. Around 1000 people participated in the first study and around 300 people in the second study, all above 18 years old, with no restriction regarding other demographic data, such as gender, education and region of Brazil.
Uso de materiais ilustrativos para comunicação ambiental da escola da Floresta no Sítio São João em São Carlos (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Marchesin, Vitoria Martinelli
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Jesus, Silvia Cristina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2755740480901462
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0320-0000
This study explores the use of illustrative materials as a tool to enhance environmental communication at the Forest School, located at Sítio São João in São Carlos (SP). The Forest School welcomes thousands of visitors annually, including students and researchers, promoting educational activities focused on sustainability and environmental conservation. Given the need for clear and accessible communication for diverse audiences, this internship aimed to develop visual materials to convey information about the environmental practices implemented on the property. The methodology involved identifying key topics for environmental education at the site, creating a visual identity aligned with the project, and producing posters and infographics. Four main materials were developed: one on the “Sensory Trail,” which provides a sensory experience with nature; another on the “Water Reuse System,” which utilizes fish farming to irrigate crops; one about “Non-Conventional Food Plants” (NCFPs), highlighting their nutritional and cultural significance; and a final one on the “Meliponary,” emphasizing the conservation of native bees and their ecological role. The materials developed contribute to educational mediation, allowing visitors to engage more deeply with the environment while facilitating knowledge dissemination on sustainable practices. This work underscores the importance of visual resources in environmental communication and highlights the potential of Sítio São João as an educational space and a model for integrating educational tourism with environmental conservation.
Educação das relações étnico-raciais para crianças: reflexões a respeito de uma mídia musical
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Ferreira, Caroline Camargo
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2954227254025696
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-5800
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2089550258479697
This work addresses the education of ethnic-racial relations in practice with children, reflecting on some children's media by analyzing the musical project "A Galinha Pintadinha." The exploratory research, conducted as an Undergraduate Thesis in Education at the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus, aimed to understand the relationships between music, early childhood education, and the education of ethnic-racial relations, using a qualitative methodology: observing, analyzing, and categorizing through the audiovisual media of YouTube, focusing on music videos that use traditional children's songs. As a result, it can be stated that there is still much to review regarding the presentation of these songs in terms of words and imagery when it comes to affirmative actions for the education of ethnic-racial relations.
Atitudes parentais sobre o papel do convívio com animais no desenvolvimento sociocognitivo de crianças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Chiari, Ana Paula dos Santos
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Souza, Debora de Hollanda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3640676759708745
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-7787
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8721243870073886
There is substantial evidence of the positive effects of living with siblings, peers, and friends on sociocognitive development; however, the number of studies investigating the effects of living with animals is still limited. The present study aimed to contribute in this direction by exploring parental attitudes on the role of living with pets in their children's development. A questionnaire was sent (via Google Forms) to 30 fathers and/or mothers of children aged 2 to 5 10 years who currently live or have lived with animals at home. The questionnaire included questions related to how parents perceive their children's relationships with family, friends, and animals, as well as the possible beneficial effects and/or disadvantages of living with animals at home. The vast majority of parents (90%) did not report any disadvantages of living with pets. On the contrary, they indicated several advantages, such as learning, companionship, play, and the development of sociocognitive and social skills. Furthermore, when asked if they believed that living with animals influenced how their children interacted with others, most parents (73.3%) said yes. A thematic analysis of responses to open-ended questions revealed the following observed benefits: improvements in health, learning and development, friendships, improved behavior, and reduction of fear responses. Overall, results suggest a very positive perspective from parents regarding the role of living with pets in their children's development. We hope that this data may contribute to the development of intervention programs and/or public policies aimed at promoting development in early and late childhood by means of this rich relationship between children and animals.
Cursos de licenciatura em química, física e ciências biológicas da região Nordeste: um olhar para o currículo voltado para a educação especial, na perspectiva da inclusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Cunha, Camila Andresa Herculano
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Furlan, Elaine Gomes Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3179865576965852
This research deals with a study of undergraduate courses in biological sciences, chemistry and physics in the northeast region of Brazil from the perspective of state universities, focusing on curricula focused on inclusive education. To conduct the research, the search engine of the website of the National Registry of Courses and Institutions of Higher Education (e-MEC Registry) was used to survey the mentioned courses, where the pedagogical projects of the course, syllabus, curricular matrix and/or flowchart obtained through the official websites of the institutions were subsequently analyzed in order to understand how the theme has been addressed in the scope of initial teacher training. According to the documentary study developed, it is worth highlighting the non-neutrality of the curriculum and the influences of public policies and laws that have been developed in Brazil. Finally, the research indicated that there is a predominance of the offer of the discipline of Libras, and a considerable presence of courses that address inclusive and special education. However, a large gap was identified in the offer of elective disciplines related to these themes.
Desafios encontrados pelos produtores de fruticultura e hortaliças no assentamento 23 de Maio devido às mudanças climáticas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Pereira, Mércia Maria Damasio
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Duval, Henrique Carmona
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1127516712972199
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5791-7579
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2499113702371478
Studies related to climate change are gaining more notoriety, with the increase in deforestation caused by conventional agriculture and emissions of polluting gases into the Earth's atmosphere, the planet suffers a phenomenon called the intensified greenhouse effect, resulting in global warming. The consequence of which are extreme events, causing an imbalance in the rainfall regime, heat waves, hurricanes and desertification of some areas, such as equatorial areas. All of this is a major threat to food production for human beings, as these events directly affect the production system. The Landless Movement has sustainable production as one of its main objectives, so that it provides healthy food for the population and that its production has a low environmental impact. The present study aims to understand the cultivation methods and discuss the main difficulties faced with the extreme climatic conditions of the 23 de Maio Settlement, located in the Tupy District, a rural area belonging to the municipality of Itapetininga-SP. With this, five rural producers belonging to the settlement were interviewed. Everyone was able to answer the questions, and showed great concern about the extreme events that have been occurring in the region, especially droughts, which have been causing losses in their production, causing losses in some crops. Furthermore, these losses affect producers financially. Producers also noticed that there was a large increase in deforestation in permanent preservation areas (APPS) in a lagoon that belongs to the settlement. In addition, they highlight the lack of supervision and public policies that encourage sustainable cultivation in settlements.
A relação entre narrador e narratário em "Romeu e Julieta", de Ruth Rocha, e "O gato malhado e a andorinha sinhá: uma história de amor", de Jorge Amado: uma análise comparativa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Manzine, Bárbara
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Bignotto, Cilza Carla
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7785868540823502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7785868540823502
The main focus of this research is to analyse the relationship between narrator and narratee in Romeu e Julieta (1969), by Ruth Rocha, and O Gato Malhado e a Andorinha Sinhá: uma história de amor (1976), by Jorge Amado, and to discuss how this relationship relates to and acts in the characterization of these narratives as children's books. For that, a study was made of these two narrative elements, based on the foundations and typologies created by Gérard Genette and Gerald Prince, complemented by the considerations of other literary theorists such as Wayne Booth, Morten Nøjgaard and Franz Karl Stanzel, so that an analysis could then be made of the narrator and narratee in each book, as well as the relationship between them, seeking to compare how it was constructed. Since they have the same central theme, the prohibition of a relationship between two beings with differences between them, established due to social conventions, it was possible to make a comparative analysis between the works to analyze similarities and differences in some narrative aspects, in addition to the narrator and narratee, as well as to investigate the existence of other elements that justify their classification as children's, using as a basis the parameters found in O que é literatura infantil? (2010), by Ligia Cademartori, and Crítica, teoria e literatura infantil (2015), by Peter Hunt. From this, it can be seen that adequate addressing is an important parameter for a children's work to be adjectivized as such. During the analysis, especially of the elements mentioned, and of the comparisons made between the books of Ruth Rocha and Jorge Amado, it was possible to conclude which of them better meets this main parameter, and consequently is better suited to today's standards for receiving the children's adjective.
Cidades coloniais e industriais na Colômbia e no Canadá: história, identidade e cultura patrimonial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-03)
Villota Enriquez, Maribel Deicy
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Tocancipá-Falla, Jairo
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9692-7676
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Pedro, Wilson José Alves
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8135701448186851
Studies in the field of Science, Technology, and Society (STS) have been strongly differentiated by their interdisciplinary theoretical currents and interventionist dimensions developed within the field. Reflections on technological effects, benevolent in the North, but strongly critical in Central and South America, demonstrate the strengthening of opposing discourses. In this sense, this thesis aims to characterize, describe, and analyze the representation of colonial and industrial cities. Heritage culture, in its historical, identity, and cultural dimensions, is a guiding principle. The colonial cities investigated were Popayán and Kingston, and the industrial cities were Cali and Toronto, respectively, located in Colombia and Canada. In this direction, the aim is to analyze the urban transformations of each city as a conjugation of modern discourses, mostly emerging from the historic center, formed around the founding squares (1980-2022). Specifically, the analytical-descriptive methodology and photographic documentation (historical-urban approach) were adopted, used for contrast and analysis to determine the consolidation of the modernization project. The results of the study are presented in chapters that demonstrate the emergence of colonial and industrial cities. The importance of rethinking Latin American realities in the STS field is also highlighted, reversing the mirror from south to north to explore how the social effects of industrialization, but also of colonization, are decisive in defining the cultural and heritage identity that is constantly changing. It is demonstrated that the STS field can contribute, through contrast studies, to the reflection of an American continent that experiences its own forms of development both in the South and the North, under pressures, uncertainties, and insecurities that are still being sought amidst the movements of revolution and struggle for undefined identities. This research is pioneering in promoting contrast studies in the region, turning the kaleidoscope.
Solidão acompanhada: a dinâmica paradoxal das redes sociais no capitalismo de vigilância
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Chini, Gabriela
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Lima, Jacob Carlos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6475-9575
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5937789946217085
Technological innovations made possible by the expansion of internet use influence and restructure society, implying the movement of continuous and endless information and data that are transformed into commodities aimed at predicting and shaping people's behavior as the foundation of surveillance capitalism. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of interpersonal relationships shaped by social networks and how communication technologies modify subjectivities and promote the maintenance of relationships of dependence that will enable this feedback from the capitalist system. The study methodology is based on bibliographical research with a descriptive approach. From the research it was found that hyperconnection in digital media goes far beyond the implicit collection of data that is used to perpetuate the system. Social networks keep people in their comfort zone with superficial interactions that do not create intimacy or deep friendships, generating feelings of loneliness and reduced relationships. The exposure of intimacy becomes an attraction to keep internet users connected, isolated and lonely for long periods, influencing the way they think and act, consolidating the paradox of surveillance capitalism.
Desafios da gestão contra a evasão escolar dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental das escolas públicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Oliveira, Verônica Heloisa
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Reis, Denise Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1224343794340576
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9172-3711
A evasão escolar nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental refere-se ao abandono ou à ausência prolongada discente das atividades escolares e é um fenômeno que pode ocorrer por diversas razões com impactos significativos para os estudantes, para a instituição escolar e para a sociedade. O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender os desafios do cotidiano da gestão escolar em relação a essa temática, em especial, nas escolas públicas, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e análise qualitativa. Os resultados indicam que a evasão escolar é uma combinação de fatores individuais, familiares, institucionais e políticos. Soluções de enfretamento eficazes parecem exigir da equipe gestora uma abordagem abrangente e integral que contemple todos esses aspectos, além de estratégias flexíveis, devolutivas constantes e de levar em conta as potencialidades dos estudantes para favorecer a permanência e o êxito estudantis.
Refinando a experiência de busca: uma análise detalhada de algoritmos de classificação e estratégias de ranqueamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Sousa, Emilia Silva de
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Lucrédio, Daniel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-4036
In recent years, an online presence has become indispensable for organizations and individuals seeking visibility and relevance in an increasingly digital environment. Ranking algorithms are the backbone of modern search engines, shaping the user experience by prioritizing and presenting information efficiently. In this context, search engine optimization (SEO) emerges as an essential tool for achieving and maintaining a prominent position in online search engines. This study addresses the relevance of ranking algorithms and SEO techniques to optimize the visibility and position of web pages in search engine results.
Reaproveitamento de refratário Al2O3-ZrO2-SiO2 (AZS) como agregado em concretos aluminosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Xaraba, Julia Alves
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Bezerra, Breno Parente
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Luz, Ana Paula da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3470395641242374
The refractory industry plays a significant role in various industrial sectors, being essential for production processes conducted at high temperatures and under adverse conditions, such as in the presence of corrosive environments, high mechanical wear, and involving substantial deformations and stresses. However, these ceramics have a limited service life, generating waste that is currently underutilized and applied in situations that do not take advantage of the high added value of these materials. This study evaluated a potential alternative for better waste management. For this purpose, the effects of incorporating different amounts of recycled alumina-zirconia-silica (AZS) refractory aggregate (originating from the glass industry) into alumina-based concretes were investigated. Initially, the recycled aggregate was characterized regarding its chemical composition and the crystalline phases present. Subsequently, various castables were prepared and evaluated for their flowability, apparent porosity and density, linear dimensional variation, flexural strength, and thermal shock resistance. After firing at 1400°C, an increase in mechanical strength was observed in the composition containing 10 wt.% of recycled AZS aggregates (44.50 MPa) compared to the reference castable (23.73 MPa). Additionally, higher thermal shock resistance was obtained for the composition containing 5 wt.% of recycled aggregates, with a decrease in samples’ stiffness of only 13.31% after 10 thermal shock cycles (ΔT ~ 1000°C). Thus, this work demonstrates the potential for reusing alumina-zirconia-silica refractories at the end of their service life, as they can be incorporated as recycled aggregates into alumina-based refractory castables, providing benefits to the properties of these products.
“Em busca de um patrocínio”: uma análise sobre o produto “relacionamentos sugar” em mídias digitais brasileiras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Barbosa, Bruno Henrique Benichio Alves
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Leite Júnior, Jorge
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ttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7253561448346772
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6234-9169
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6247043084122986
Relationships that combine financial support and affective exchange have been extensively studied in national and international research on sexual economies. With the popularization of digital media in Brazil over the last decade, this relationship model has spread through online dating services that use terms such as “sugar relationships”, “sugar daddies” and “sugar babies” to refer to a type of affective-sexual engagement in which wealthy men provide financial support to women. Drawing on theoretical frameworks from gender and sexuality studies and on methodological approaches used in ethnographies in digital contexts, this study interviewed nine sugar babies, analyzed advertisements from two sugar dating websites and one hundred female profiles registered on these sites, as well as the content of two digital influencers engaged in the sugar theme. In this vein, the research: I) Mapped the profiles of the women interviewed and those registered on two sugar dating websites from an intersectional perspective and reflected on their experiences in these engagements in terms of intertwined inequalities of class, gender, race, age, body, and region; II) Examined the meanings they insert into the ideal sugar baby model conveyed by the websites; III) Explored their purposes for seeking these relationships; and IV) Analyzed the business model of these platforms. Overall, the research sheds light on an emerging segment of commercial exploration in the line of dating websites and applications that circumvent unequal scenarios through ideals of entrepreneurship and female empowerment. In this sense, it can contribute to future research on sexual economies, power relations, and their processes of platformization and mediatization in line with neoliberalism.
Algoritmos racistas: a representação das crianças negras da educação infantil nos bancos de imagens digitais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Silva, Gabriela Barbosa da
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Camargo, Andreia Regina de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0936098182171676
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-2814
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Santos, Maria Walburga dos
This study investigated racial presence and representativeness in images related to early childhood education available on digital image banks such as Unsplash, Freepik, Pexels, and Pixabay. The primary objective was to determine whether search algorithms, potentially imbued with racial bias, influence the representation of Black children in early childhood education and contribute to the perpetuation of racism. The methodology involved mapping and analyzing images obtained from searches using terms such as "Early Childhood Education," "Daycare," "Young Child," "Child," "Black Child," and "Preschool." The research addressed concepts of algorithmic oppression and algorithmic racism, discussing the importance of an anti-racist early childhood education. The results revealed a predominance of images of white children, with limited representation of Black children. Searches for terms like "Daycare" and "Early Childhood Education" yielded a significant number of images featuring white children. In contrast, images of Black children, when found, often depicted them in a negative light or with serious expressions. This qualitative and documentary-focused research raises the following question: What are the social and pedagogical implications of stereotypical or negative representations of Black children in the context of early childhood education linked to digital image banks? The study aims to promote reflection on how the absence or under-representation of Black children can impact their self-esteem and identity, sustaining prejudices and creating an unequal educational environment. This study suggests that search algorithms in digital image banks may reinforce a Eurocentric view of early childhood education, preserving and reproducing racial exclusion in various contexts where these images may be shared and/or commercialized.
Modificação superficial de polímeros via feixe de elétrons e plasma
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Bozzo, Luíza Melchert
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Cruz, Sandra Andrea
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5548-0166
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Homem, Manoel Gustavo Petrucelli
Polymers have gained a significant foothold in the technology market due to their advantages over other materials such as steel, aluminum, and glass, particularly in terms of weight and cost. Additionally, they offer high versatility thanks to characteristics such as high mechanical and chemical resistance, ease of handling due to their flexibility, the possibility of adding additives, and recyclability. In this context, surface modification plays a crucial role in expanding the versatility of these materials and in the development of new technologies, as it allows new properties to be conferred to polymers without altering their bulk properties. In other words, it is possible to modify the polymer surface without the need to develop an entirely new material. In this way, surface modification techniques can enhance properties such as surface energy, wettability, and adhesion, thereby expanding the range of industrial applications. Among the surface modification techniques, plasma-based methods and irradiation with charged particle beams, particularly electrons, stand out. The first method offers advantages such as operational simplicity and low cost, with particular emphasis on the use of cold plasma. On the other hand, charged particle beam irradiation, although more complex, provides greater control over the reaction mechanisms involved, particularly when using low-energy beams (E < 20-30 eV), allowing modification of only the material’s surface.
Trajetória da riqueza, composição em espécies e grupos funcionais de aves ao longo de 14 anos numa extensa área restaurada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-04)
Oliveira, Yasmin Carolina Lopes de
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Souza, Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5216112068627151
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6185779921525238
Riparian environments have high habitat heterogeneity and species diversity, contributing significantly to regional biodiversity. The composition and structure of bird communities can respond rapidly to changes in forest structure throughout succession, and can thus be a good indicator of ecosystem restoration. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the terrestrial bird community that occurred annually over a 14-year period since the first inventory conducted in 2009, and to evaluate the effect of forest restoration actions on the richness, species composition and characteristics of avifauna in a restored area on the banks of the Anhanguera Small Hydroelectric Plant (SHP) reservoir. The Anhanguera Small Hydroelectric Plant (SHP) is located on the Sapucaí Mirim River, in the northeastern region of the state of São Paulo. The terrestrial avifauna survey was carried out in the riparian forests surrounding the Anhanguera Small Hydroelectric Plant (SHP) reservoir, taking into account the remaining forest fragments and in the forest restoration areas comprising a total area of approximately 70 ha. Terrestrial bird species were characterized according to their diet, forest dependence and foraging stratum. Our results showed that forest restoration actions resulted in a significant increase in bird species richness and similarity in species composition after 14 years. The increase in bird richness was strongly dependent on the increase in biomass of individual tree species over time. The proportion of species with high and medium forest dependence and the proportion of birds foraging in tree canopies increased strongly in the restored area over time. We also detected a significant increase in frugivorous birds and the emergence of nectarivores, suggesting that restoration after 14 years follows a trajectory towards reference forests. Our results showed that bird species composition varied greatly throughout the development of the forest, from the restoration action towards the reference areas. Identifying changes in species composition and functional groups of birds can help guide forest recovery and conservation actions for tropical birds.