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Levantamento florístico de herbáceas do Parque Ecológico e Cultural "Gilberto Rüegger Ometto" do município de Araras/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Felisberto, Viviane Cristina Giraldo; Orlandini, Priscila; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0829855852003146; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-6452
Urban parks serve as spaces for the community, promoting both physical and mental well-being through their natural elements, which provide ecological characteristics and foster interactions between fauna and flora. Consequently, it is essential to maintain these areas and provide adequate maintenance to ensure the continued provision of these services to the population. Floristic surveys are a methodology of understanding the flora of these locations and providing theoretical support for their conservation. By identifying the vegetation that constitutes the park’s flora, it becomes feasible to develop strategies for the recovery and enrichment of biodiversity and the conservation of the ecosystem. The importance of studying herbaceous plants is multiple, as they serve as food sources, protect the soil from erosion, contribute to forage plants (such as Poaceae and Fabaceae), provide shade during forest regeneration, and contain substances of interest to the pharmaceutical industry. Additionally, they exhibit resilience in disturbed environments. In light of these considerations, this study aimed to contribute to research on herbaceous vegetation in the "Gilberto Rüegger Ometto" Ecological and Cultural Park in the municipality of Araras. The methodology employed for the floristic survey involved sampling vegetation by means of plots, with plots selected based on the presence of reproductive botanical material, followed by herbarium preparation and identification of the specimens. A total of fifteen botanical families were identified among the 36 collected plants, with a predominance of invasive species, one of which is used for medicinal purposes. The study highlighted the need for greater taxonomic efforts regarding herbaceous plants.
Efeito da adubação foliar na produtividade de cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Domingos, Adriano Reis; Marques, Rodrigo Neves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8945237946471247; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1003-3706
Sugarcane production plays a significant role in both the national and international markets, as it is the raw material for important commodities. The average productivity is generally low in the country, despite the crop having a high productive potential. Foliar fertilization is a management practice that can contribute to increasing the productivity of sugarcane fields, as it allows for better exploration of the crop's productive potential. This study evaluated the productivity of a commercial sugarcane field after the application of foliar fertilizers containing macronutrients and micronutrients, with the following composition and concentration (g/L): N – 112.5; P2O5 – 44.4; K2O – 41.0; Mg – 0.7; B – 6.5; Co – 0.29; Cu – 5.7; Fe – 3.0; Mn – 4.0; Mo – 3.4; Zn – 18.2. Aerial spraying was performed over the entire area of a sugarcane field in the Ribeirão Preto region, where control areas were selected and covered with tarps to create control plots. A completely randomized design was used for 2 treatments (with and without fertilization), with 8 repetitions, totaling 16 plots in 2 different cropping cycles (plant cane and ratoon cane), resulting in 32 plots in total. The biometrics involved weighing sugarcane stalks from systematically selected areas within each plot, with and without treatment, calculating productivity in tons of stalks per hectare (TCH). The average values obtained were higher in the treated plots, however, statistically these values were not significant, indicating only a trend towards increased productivity.
Salve as folhas: pensando a natureza e conservação a partir de conhecimentos de matriz africana e afro-brasileiros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Lopes, Fernanda Siani Geraldo; Verrangia, Douglas; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699024298055259; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1943-4760; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8795134981171019; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9906-4896
This study aimed to understand the potential of afro-brazilian knowledge derived from african-based religion, specifically Candomblé, in the teaching of science and biology. Despite the twenty years of the Law n. 10.639/03, that mandates the teaching of Afro-Brazilian history and culture in schools, there are still few projects and initiatives that effectively implement it. However, many aspects of Afro-Brazilian culture remain to be explored in the educational sphere, such as Candomblé, a religion often attacked and stigmatized. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to identify potential traditional knowledge indicated by Candomblé practitioners, through thematic textual analysis of the interviewees' statements, that could be included in the natural sciences curriculum. Additionally, through interviews with adherents of the religion, the study sought to analyze a created didactic sequence and to understand, from their conceptions: what is nature for Candomblé? Which of these forms of knowledge marginalized by Eurocentric scientific knowledge could be incorporated into the school curriculum? Among the results found, we highlight that there is not a single conception of what nature is, given that Candomblé is an essentially oral religion, with its knowledge and wisdom passed down from generation to generation, gaining our senses and interpretations. Finally, among the knowledge listed to be incorporated into the classroom are the use of plants, traditional foods, dances and songs, gender, sexuality, environmental education, among others.
Determinação da quantidade de co₂ absorvida em concretos com incorporação de pó de vidro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Correia, Emanuely Lizandra; Ferreira, Fernanda Giannotti da Silva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0329487394818763; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6490403612192995
The construction industry plays a fundamental role in the Brazilian economy, but it is also responsible for the high consumption of natural resources, energy, and significant CO₂ emissions. Additionally, it generates a large amount of solid waste, contributing to negative environmental impacts. In light of this, it becomes essential to adopt strategies that minimize these effects, such as the reuse of waste, increasingly valued as alternative sources of raw materials that can be improved. It is worth noting that cement, indispensable in construction projects, releases CO₂ during its production. However, cementitious materials have the ability to capture this gas over time through the carbonation process. Thus, the present work aims to quantify the CO₂ absorption in concretes with 20% cement replacement by glass powder, due to carbonation, through thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, carbonation depth was measured by spraying a pH indicator on samples subjected to natural carbonation, and the compressive strength of the concretes was tested. The concrete with 20% glass powder reached the greatest carbonation depth in the shortest time, with 9.37 mm in 28 days. Regarding compressive strength, both the reference concrete and the one with glass powder showed similar results, with the mix incorporating glass powder achieving 153.20% of the minimum requirement of NBR 6136 at 28 days. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the reference concrete captured 48.39 Kg.CO₂/m³, absorbing around 60.88% of the CO₂ emissions, while the mix with glass powder absorbed up to 61.77%. These results indicate that the incorporation of glass powder is an effective alternative for reducing CO₂ emissions, contributing to the mitigation of the environmental impacts of the construction industry.
O impressionismo literário no drama: um estudo das didascálias em Valle-Inclán
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Silva, Gustavo Rodrigues da; Sandanello, Franco Baptista; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3600443618417764; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-1477; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7808011428551633; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3513-9163
Los Impresionismos Pictórico y Literario nacen en el siglo XIX y los dos poseen algunas características comunes, como exponer el ritmo agitado de las grandes ciudades europeas de aquellas décadas a partir de una realidad atomizada, detallada, fragmentada, minuciosa. Maria Elizabeth Kronegger, en Literary impressionism (1973), y Arnold Hauser, en Historia social de la literatura y el arte (1969), comentan esas características y las señalan como exponentes del Impresionismo literario a algunos autores como Ford Madox (1873-1939) y Joseph Conrad (1857-1924). En Impressionismo e Literatura (2017), Franco Baptista Sandanello sistematiza los estudios de Kronegger, Hauser y otros autores, y propone la existencia de dos Impresionismos literarios. Él denomina el primero de Comparatista, pues comparte algunas características con el Pictórico, como el énfasis del sentido visual en las obras. Él denomina el segundo de Narrativista, porque tiene como una de sus características la representación del mundo interior de los personajes. En ese sentido, el Impresionismo Literario Narrativista es más autónomo que el Impresionismo Literario Comparatista con relación al Impresionismo Pictórico. En las áreas del Impresionismo Literario y de los Esperpentos Valle-Inclanianos no hay estudio que haga un análisis riguroso de la existencia del Impresionismo en las didascalias esperpénticas valle-inclanianas, teniendo como base teórica esa división propuesta por Sandanello. Nuestro objetivo central en esta tesis es analizar las didascalias con variados aspectos literarios y pictóricos impresionistas presentes en las obras Luces de bohemia (2001), Los cuernos de Don Friolera (1990), Las galas del difunto (1990), La hija del capitán (1990) y ¿Para cuándo son las reclamaciones diplomáticas? (1989) del autor español Ramón María del Valle-Inclán (1886-1936). Pretendemos constatar, hasta qué punto, dichas didascalias pueden ser consideradas impresionistas. Además, pretendemos observar, en qué medida, hay un Impresionismo Literario Híbrido, que mezcla aspectos impresionistas comparatistas y narrativistas en esas didascalias.
Buscando ganhos de competitividade através da logística reversa: oportunidades na indústria de tabaco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Lima, Adrielle Ferreira Gomes de; Silva, João Eduardo Azevedo Ramos da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3823047207711289
The tobacco market in Brazil presents continuous expansion, and faces, in addition to competition, several legislative restrictions that may represent barriers in the negotiation with retailers. The Reverse Logistics represents an efficient politics responsible for generating value for the client and competitive advantage for the company. Thus, investing in reverse flow politics of the aftermarket, that is, stimulating the return of unsold items, proves to be an attractive tool in the relationship with new customers. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the competitiveness gains that the reverse logistics of aftermarket can provide to retailers and the distribution network that supplies them. The present research is a case study, applied to the relationship between the agents that act in the distribution and return of a large tobacco industry. It is an exploratory research type, of an applied nature with a combined approach (quantitative and qualitative). Thus, the research instruments used were the analysis of documents and performance indicators, as well as the application of an online questionnaire to a previously selected sample and, finally, the direct and participant observation of the object of study. The results obtained demonstrated that there is a well-defined reverse flow policy, with competitive benefits observed such as a guarantee of a positive corporate image, increased competitiveness and market share, and differentiation of services were identified by the interlocutors, that benefits both sides involved.
Do programa de governo à agenda ambiental: análise do cumprimento das promessas de campanha sobre o meio ambiente no período de lua-de-mel do governo Lula III
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Duarte, Ana Laura Avanci; Diniz, Simone; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9726360676770459; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6020-2937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3251500850120628
This monograph deals with the verification of environmental promises during the “honeymoon” period of the Lula III government. Using content analysis as a methodology, the campaign promises of the PT, PL, MDB and PDT, expressed in their government programs and submitted to the Superior Electoral Court for the 2022 presidential elections were examined. They were coded into 1) promises that could be verified if the proponent were to win the elections, and 2) rhetorical promises; and in relation to the thematic contents presented by the candidates. Of the promises raised, those relating to the environmental issue were specified. The objective is to monitor whether the verifiable promises on the environment made by candidate Lula were fulfilled during his first year in office (2023), based on his Propositions and the Normative Acts of the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change. Overall, the data points to a majority of rhetorical promises in almost all parties. However, there was a commitment by the government to follow through with proposals that resembled verifiable promises dealing with the environmental issue
Avaliação dos impactos ambientais associados às mudanças no uso e ocupação da terra na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Monjolinho (São Carlos - SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Ferreira, Meline Ansoni; Mattos, Sérgio Henrique Vannucchi Leme de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8205497519881678; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3194750089844031
Knowing the importance of water courses for cities and their growth, understand that changes in their uses and occupations are necessary, as water is of great importance to the Earth and thus needs to be conserved. This study evaluated the changes in land use and occupation in the Monjolinho River basin (São Carlos - SP) over the last decades and the environmental impacts resulting from these alterations. Using geoprocessing techniques applied to MapBiomas data, the study mapped changes in vegetation cover and identified the main human activities associated with them, such as agricultural and urban expansions. The assessment revealed a significant reduction in areas of native vegetation, particularly the Forest Formation and Savanna Formation, which were replaced by cultivation and urbanization areas. This deforestation may have contributed to a several of negative environmental impacts, including habitat fragmentation, loss of biodiversity, increased soil erosion, and deterioration of water quality in the basin's water bodies. The decrease in areas of natural vegetation cover may also affect local hydrological cycles, resulting in issues such as reduced water infiltration into the soil and increased surface runoff, which can exacerbate flooding and decrease aquifer recharge. Urban growth has also altered the watercourses in the basin, which have undergone processes of channelization and pollution and have lost much of their vegetation cover. In an attempt to conserve the water resources that supply the city, laws such as the Areas of Protection and Recovery of Municipal Watersheds have been instituted, but the area of Monjolinho basin defined by this law still suffers from impacts related to urban use.
Uma abordagem híbrida de metaheurística para o problema de roteamento de veículos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Cunha, Gabriel Ferreira; Kato, Edilson Reis Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8517698122676145; Inoue, Roberto Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221209121565990; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-9330; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5172094464660222; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0131-2693; Nogueira, Samuel Lourenço; Branco, Kalinka Regina Lucas Jaquie Castelo; Inoue, Roberto Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2287847504423307; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3559042497669898; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6221209121565990; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3342-7436
The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a classic problem in combinatorial optimization, aimed at optimizing the routes of vehicles with limited storage capacity to meet customer demands. The primary goal of the CVRP is to find a feasible solution that minimizes the total route cost in a weighted graph. This problem is widely studied due to its relevance in various practical applications, such as logistics and distribution. This research aims to develop a hybrid metaheuristic solution composed of Genetic Algorithms (GA), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), and Tabu Search (TS) to find optimal or near-optimal solutions for the CVRP. The steps established to achieve this objective include the development of the hybrid algorithm ACO+TS combined with GA for the CVRP, conducting computational experiments using test instances, comparing the results obtained by the proposed algorithm with known optimal solutions or those obtained by other existing optimization methods, and analyzing the results to identify advantages, limitations, and potential improvements of the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that the GA, ACO, and TS are highly effective in solving complex instances of the CVRP. In several tested instances, the solutions found were close to or exceeded the reference optimal values, highlighting the high efficiency of the proposed method. In conclusion, the hybrid ACO+TS approach combined with GA has confirmed its effectiveness in solving complex vehicle routing problems, providing a solid foundation for future research. The hybrid combination of algorithms contributes to obtaining high-quality solutions and efficiently exploring the solution space.
A aquisição de significados em música: transferência de função de valência de expressões faciais de emoções para trechos musicais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-12) Ribeiro, Jéssica; Rose, Julio Cesar Coelho de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-8948; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3134693436579300; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3563-0410; De Rose, Julio; Huziwara, Edson; Bortoloti, Renato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3386857761295187; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4671775690334406; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4872607031009070; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9122-8948; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4313-5821; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6389-8733
Experimental aesthetics encompasses diverse lines of research that primarily explore how structural characteristics of music influence aesthetic experience. The Stimulus Equivalence Paradigm offers tools to address a distinct research problem that diverges from the traditional focus in this field: is it possible for aesthetic stimuli to acquire meaning through conventions established by a verbal community, based on arbitrary criteria? To begin investigating this question, we conducted two experiments in which we programmed equivalence relations between facial expressions and musical excerpts, without presenting these stimuli simultaneously or contiguously. We evaluated the influence of relational training on the valence attributed to the music, using a Semantic Differential. In Experiment 1, 12 out of 16 participants met the criterion for the equivalence test. For these participants, we observed a reduction in the valence attributed to musical excerpts equivalent to sad facial expressions (statistically significant) and an increase in the valence of excerpts associated with happy facial expressions (although this difference was not statistically significant). Replicating the results of the first experiment, in Experiment 2, equivalences were established for 9 out of 20 participants. We noted a statistically significant decrease in the valence of the musical excerpt equivalent to expressions of disgust, and a marginally significant increase in the valence of the musical excerpt equivalent to happy facial expressions. The results indicate the occurrence of transfer of function between stimuli, supporting the initial hypothesis that musical stimuli can acquire meanings through the conventions of a verbal community.