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A práxis curricular da Educação Infantil nas pré-escolas públicas de Sorocaba à luz da articulação entre a Pedagogia Freireana e os pressupostos do Materialismo Histórico-dialético
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-30)
Bravo, Daniela Gaete Sewaybricker
;
Torres, Juliana Rezende
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3083345943491817
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4598-6702
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0012269449134102
The present research has as its object of study the curricular praxis of Early Childhood Education in preschools in the municipal education network of Sorocaba in the light of the articulation between Freirean Pedagogy and the assumptions of Historical-dialectical Materialism and aims to analyze to what extent curricular praxis of preschools in the Sorocaba municipal education network come closer to or distance themselves from Freire's authentic curricular praxis in the light of Historical-dialectical Materialism. It presents a qualitative approach and makes use of bibliographical research, documentary analysis, observation of teaching practice and questionnaires with open and closed questions, which were applied in the second half of 2023 to management teams and educators of educational institutions in the municipal education network. Sorocaba-SP, with exclusive services for the pre-school stage. Thus, we used bibliographical research for the historical construction of the evolution of Brazilian Early Childhood Education and the constitution of preschools in the city of Sorocaba, in addition to characterizing the concept of praxis, classifying it within the context of Historical-dialectical Materialism, since Marx and Engels and its dissemination to Freire. We then present Freire's Liberating Education and his conception of curricular praxis, contemplating his conception of a critical-liberating curriculum and its consequences in Early Childhood Education. The analysis of the documents, the data collected via questionnaires, as well as the observation of the educators' performance in the classroom, were carried out using the Discursive Textual Analysis methodology, based on Freire's Authentic Curricular Praxis category, which is understood as inherent to the categories dialogue, problematization, awareness, which, in turn, are permeated by the concrete reality category. The subject praxiological parameters, contexts and processes were defined a priori, which helped us to size the curricular praxis of preschools in the municipal education network of Sorocaba. We conclude that, despite the efforts and good intentions expressed in the analysis of the questionnaires and the actions observed in the classroom, there is still a long way to go so that the curricular praxis in preschools in the municipal education network of Sorocaba becomes truly critical and liberating, closer to authentic praxis. However, we defend the viability of an authentic curricular praxis in Early Childhood Education, specifically for preschools in the municipal education network, and we propose the development of a critical-liberating curriculum, in addition to proposing a public policy of self(trans)formation permanent contact with teachers.
Desenvolvimento da relação letra som em crianças com autismo a partir de procedimentos de recombinação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-30)
Silva, Dafny Bispo da
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Souza, Deisy das Graças de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-174X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7491123847079316
The development of phonemic awareness has been widely recognized as a crucial factor in the acquisition of reading and writing repertoires. Several studies in applied behavior analysis have investigated this skill in the context of literacy in Brazilian Portuguese, although most of them have not focused on autistic children. Furthermore, there is often a lack of precise and detailed descriptions of interventions, making it challenging to replicate procedures. The present research aimed to evaluate the effect of a computerized teaching program on the development of phonemic correspondence skills in autistic children. Four children diagnosed with autism participated, three male and one female, all of whom were not yet literate. An experimental single-subject design was employed, with multiple probes and a comparison of pre-and post-intervention measures. The pre-intervention measures included the reading of a set of words included in the program, while the post-intervention measures assessed performance on new words not directly taught. The dependent variable was the development of phonemic awareness, and the independent variable was the application of the computerized program, which consisted of auditory and visual stimulus matching-to-sample tasks. The results indicated that the application of systematic and technologically precise programs can significantly contribute to the development of phonological skills in autistic children, allowing for greater accuracy in teaching and the replicability of procedures.
Optimization of PLA foams produced by supercritical method: influence of chemical modification and incorporation of CNC on the resulting cellular structures
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-30)
Suquisaqui, Ana Beatriz Valim
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Bettini, Sílvia Helena Prado
;
Bras, Julien
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3687551763124327
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1613243099074803
The main objective of this research was to study the influence of chemical modification and the introduction of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) on the properties of PLA, with a view to producing foams using supercritical CO2 as a foaming agent. In parallel, to produce a cellulose-based porous material, a CNF cryogel was produced with an increased hydrophobic character, without the need for chemical treatments. For the chemical modification of PLA, GMA was used as a modifying agent, in the presence of peroxide as an initiator. For the strategy of incorporating fillers, the CNC was chemically modified by mechanochemistry using octadecyl isocyanate to increase compatibility with the PLA matrix. The nanocomposites were produced in different concentrations of neat and modified CNC. The cellulose-based cryogels were produced by freeze-drying a suspension of CNF with PLA nanoparticles which, after being freeze-dried, were subjected to thermal treatment. The results showed that the chemical modification of PLA resulted in significant changes in the cell structures of the foams, in which an optimum concentration between reagents resulted in homogeneous cells in the order of 15 μm. The introduction of CNC was more significant at 10 wt%, which neat CNC at this concentration resulted in the smallest cell size and highest expansion ratio. As for the CNF cryogel, the introduction of 10 wt% PLA nanoparticles followed by heat treatment proved to be efficient in increasing the material hydrophobic character, without impacting the internal structure of the pores. In this way, the results obtained in this doctoral thesis can support further research into the development or improvement of foamed and/or porous materials based on polymers from renewable sources.
Ser professor-pesquisador: cientistas sociais e produtivismo acadêmico nas universidades estaduais paulistas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-30)
Moraes, Lívia Bocalon Pires de
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Fernandes, Maria Cristina da Silveira Galan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-9400
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5786385589553214
The research is part of studies on academic productivism and its repercussions on the work of professor-researchers in graduate programs in Sociology and Social Sciences at state universities in São Paulo. It focuses on the following research question: What is the influence of unequal conditions in addressing the pressures for productivist academic practices on the meanings attributed by professor-researchers to their work and the strategies they adopt in their academic-scientific practices? The objective of the investigation is to analyze the relationship between the inequality of conditions in addressing the pressures for productivist academic practices, the meanings attributed to their work by these professor-researchers, and the strategies they adopt in their academic-scientific practices. The study is grounded in Pierre Bourdieu's theory, particularly his concepts of field, capital, habitus, symbolic power, strategy, and illusio, treating professor-researchers as competing agents who occupy unequal positions within the structure of the academic field, of which graduate studies are a part. This is a mixed-methods study based on curriculum data from 145 professor-researchers affiliated with graduate programs in Sociology and Social Sciences at the University of São Paulo (USP), the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), and São Paulo State University “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), in the Marília and Araraquara campuses, in 2019. The methodological procedures adopted included: a literature review; document analysis of the regulations governing graduate studies and research in Brazil; statistical analysis of the Lattes curriculum vitae of the professor-researchers using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA); and semi-structured interviews with eleven professors from the aforementioned graduate programs, selected based on groups resulting from the statistical analysis. The research results show that the classifications and hierarchies generated and enacted through CAPES' evaluation of graduate studies significantly affect the academic-scientific practices and shared conceptions of professor-researchers operating in the academic field. These professors recognize the institutional legitimacy of these principles as criteria for the distribution of material resources and confer upon these classifications (which become principles of vision and division) a belief in their validity as guiding precepts of intellectual work. Thus, the subjective internalization of the objective divisions established by CAPES reinforces the power of this evaluation body and the hierarchies it establishes, directly affecting the "scientific work" of professor-researchers in the Brazilian academic field. This suggests a tendency for this evaluative framework to increasingly influence the meanings that professor-researchers subjected to the "CAPES Evaluation Model" attribute to their work.
Estudos sobre a síntese do ibuprofeno em condições de batelada e fluxo contínuo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-30)
Magalhães, Maria Flávia Assunção
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Oliveira, Kleber Thiago de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3759761373942891
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9586747493762388
Ibuprofen is a widely used anti-inflammatory drug for pain, inflammation and fever. Although there are several synthetic approaches to obtain this API, most of them involve reactions that have low efficiency using toxic, dangerous and expensive reagents. Therefore, a new methodology for the synthesis of ibuprofen was proposed, using innovative approaches such as electrosynthesis and photocatalysis in both batch and continuous flow conditions. Initially, the first proposed step starts from the compound isobutylbenzene, which is cheap and commercially available. A regioselective iodination in the para position was performed using “I+” generated in the anode chamber of a divided electrochemical cell. The best condition provided the first intermediate, paraiodoisobutylbenzene, in 90% yield in a 5:1:94 ratio of the ortho:meta:para regioisomers. The second step consisted of the photocatalyzed functionalization of paraiodoisobutylbenzene using an enol acetate to form 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanal. The parameters were explored using commercial starting materials (iodotoluene and isopropenyl acetate), which provided the photofunctionalization product in 52% yield. However, when the best reaction condition was applied with prop-1-enyl acetate for the synthesis of ibuprofen, a low yield (19%) was observed, in addition to obtaining a mixture of regioisomers, making the continuation of this synthetic route unfeasible. Other approaches aiming at the use of the aryl-iodo derivative were tested, however, without achieving the desired success.
The expanded Turing test applied to algorithmic music composition
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-09-30)
Gonçalves Junior, Clenio Batista
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Homem, Murillo Rodrigo Petrucelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7077081155911183
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4099700446922080
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1239-5137
The field of research in algorithmic music composition investigates the development of systems that have the ability to produce works automatically. In this context, gaps related to human-computer interaction via digital music are observed, with a demand for works that evaluate the material produced in relation to the listener. The present work describes the evaluation of an algorithmic music composition system through the application of the expanded Turing test. The experiment had the participation of 237 volunteers, subdivided into 3 groups: 10 professionals who work in the musical area, 39 participants with specialized musical knowledge and 188 participants with little or no musical knowledge. Excerpts from 3 compositions were used, one of them generated by the algorithmic composition system Fraseado and the other two classical compositions in the Western context. Among the results obtained, it was found that 77.1% of the participants identified the algorithmically generated excerpt as having been created by traditional composition methods, indicating the system's ability to exhibit a behavior equivalent to the human being.
Protagonismo juvenil ambiental como direito humano: estudo de caso dos jovens embaixadores ambientais de São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-01)
Oliveira, Celso Maran de
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Aragão, Alexandra
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9911833172043700
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6442-3614
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2840-4907
Os jovens devem ser envolvidos nas demandas pessoais e sociais de modo a colaborar com a solução dos problemas ambientais, e é papel do Estado criar e executar políticas públicas que possibilitem essa autonomia e participação deles nos assuntos ambientais. O presente trabalho objetiva analisar as normas jurídicas nacionais e internacionais para identificar os diplomas legais relacionados ao protagonismo juvenil como um direito humano positivado. Foram utilizados o estudo de caso, a pesquisa-ação, a etnografia e a pesquisa fundamentada nos dados como metodologias; e o uso de dados coletados por entrevista, observação participante e de documentos. Chegou-se a resultados que demonstram que o movimento estudado encontra fundamento legal reconhecendo o protagonismo juvenil como direito humano a ser respeitado e incentivado pelo poder público. O caso pode servir de exemplo para outros movimentos no âmbito da rede de ensino (estadual e municipal), como já ocorre no município de São Carlos (SP); no âmbito da rede estadual, o movimento carece de norma estadual específica; no âmbito da rede municipal, encontra norma jurídica carecedora de regulamentação. Sugere-se, ainda, que o poder público de outros estados e municípios considerem o JEA do município de São Carlos como modelo de protagonismo juvenil ambiental.
María no exílio argentino: a voz da anciã na Revista Maribel (1954-1963)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-03)
Feitosa, Bruna Rodrigues
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Alves-Bezerra, Wilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1602719736498812
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7791-595X
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9085221681999900
El objetivo de este trabajo de fin de máster es investigar la forma en que María Martínez Sierra o María de O'Lejárraga, cuya escritura fue supervisada por su marido Gregorio Marttínez Sierra en la España de principios del siglo XX, se reveló como escritora utilizando el Estereotipo de anciana en la revista femenina porteña Maribel en su vejez y exilio en Argentina, entre 1953 y 1964, desde la perspectiva de la teórica francesa Simone Beauvoir y sus consideraciones sobre la vejez, la mujer, la cultura y el trabajo en las obras La O segundo sexo: A experiência vivida (1949) y A velhice (1975). Entre los 18 textos de María publicados en el periódico, nos planteamos analizar en profundidad aquellos que abordaron la vejez como tema, titulados La muerte de la matriarca (1961), La abuela vuelve a sí (1960), Tute de ancianas (1960) y La última confidencia (1954), haciendo intersecciones con otros textos relevantes para las discusiones que se extendieron sobre el diálogo intergeneracional creado por la autora con las lectoras en Lo mago y la brujita (1960) y la tema de la muerte en la Meditación de Invierno (1958). Concluimos que María hizo de su vejez un lugar activo e intelectualmente productivo, y que además de utilizar la autoridad expresada por el estereotipo de la anciana para emprender sus textos en Maribel, actuando como asesora y experta, expresó confesiones sobre su vida personal en su ficción y sus convicciones sobre la condición de la mujer y especialmente de la mujer madura y anciana.
As diretrizes de formação de professores no Brasil: análise da implementação da BNC-Formação em cursos de Pedagogia em universidades de Sorocaba/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-04)
Dias, Amanda Regina Martins
;
Lima, Paulo Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5109357037661496
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9932-4934
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5890766759806729
This research aimed to analyze the implementation of the Common National Base for Initial Teacher Training for Basic Education (BNC-Formação) in Pedagogy courses at two universities located in Sorocaba/SP, one public and the other private, verifying their alignment with the new guidelines, according to the requirements of CNE/CP Resolution No. 2/2019, from 2019 to 2023. The chosen approach was qualitative, exploratory and documentary. The study used a review of specialized literature, documentary analysis of the Pedagogical Projects of the Pedagogy Courses (PPCs) of the universities analyzed, in addition to the application of semi-structured questionnaires to two coordinators and six teacher trainers, in order to obtain their perceptions about the process of implementing the guidelines. Data analysis was carried out based on Bardin's (2009) content analysis methodology. The results of the research revealed that, although efforts to adapt Pedagogy courses to the new BNC-Formação guidelines were made, significant divergences were found between the perceptions of coordinators and teacher trainers regarding the implementation of the guidelines. Among these divergences, the most notable are curricular standardization, seen as a limitation to teacher autonomy, and the lack of adequate training for the application of the new competencies and skills provided for by the BNCC. As advances, the research identified an increased emphasis on pedagogical practice and greater alignment with the demands of basic education. The initial thesis of this research, which pointed to insufficient dialogue in the formulation of Resolution No. 2/2019 by the representative teaching segments, making consonance impossible in the period proposed for its implementation, was confirmed by the results found. The analysis of the data revealed that the communication process between higher education institutions and basic education did not materialize effectively, resulting in inconsistencies in the implementation of the BNC-Formação guidelines. Both coordinators and teacher trainers pointed out difficulties in adapting to the new requirements, highlighting the lack of a deeper and more collaborative dialogue between universities and regulatory bodies. The research emphasizes the need for a more effective dialogue between training institutions and regulatory bodies, suggesting that teacher training should balance the integration of the skills provided for by the BNC-Formação with the appreciation of the pedagogical and critical autonomy of future educators.
Práticas educativas de ciências na EJA: uma pesquisa bibliográfica em teses e dissertações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-04)
Bianquini, Letícia
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Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6703-9079
;
Bozzini, Isabela Custódio Talora
School dropout in regular education is a problem in the Brazilian educational context. However, access to education is a right guaranteed to all citizens by the Federal Constitution. In this sense, Youth and Adult Education (EJA) is an opportunity for those who have not completed their studies in the conventional timeframe. Considering the diversity present in YAE classrooms, it is essential that educators adopt pedagogical practices that favor the learning process, valuing students' prior knowledge, lived realities and identities. To this end, 12 studies were selected from the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations that address educational practices in the teaching of science, biology, physics and chemistry in the EJA. The aim of this bibliographical research is to unveil the pedagogical practices applied to Youth and Adult Education in Science Teaching over the last two decades in Brazil. The works were analyzed using Content Analysis, as proposed by Bardin. This dissertation seeks to contribute to the YAE literature by demonstrating that, by applying Freirean principles, science teaching can be configured as a space for emancipation and critical development. Active listening and the reflective return of knowledge emerge as central elements in promoting student engagement and the meaningful construction of learning. It is hoped that this research will provide theoretical and practical support for strengthening a more inclusive and transformative science education in the EJA context.
Embriogênese somática em segmentos de tépalas de amarílis (Hippeastrum sp. Herb.)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-04)
Broek, Ana Victória Conde van den
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Cardoso, Jean Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3681181863704059
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2227147710764644
Brazil is an important exporter of propagative products such as bulbs and seedlings, with a highlight on the amaryllis or Hippeastrum. Hippeastrum hybridum, a bulbous plant belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family, is native to South America and found in tropical and subtropical regions. Its commercial use, as an ornamental plant, results from interspecific hybrids originating from six main species. The mass propagation of this species is done through the technique known as double scales. However, vegetative propagation methods favor the emergence and multiplication of endogenous microorganisms, especially phytopathogens such as Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV), Hippeastrum Mosaic Virus (HiMV), and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). Therefore, it is essential to seek methods that ensure virus-free plants, such as somatic embryogenesis (SE), which is an in vitro cultivation technique aimed at regenerating embryos originating from somatic cells and tissues, resulting in embryogenic calli and embryos. Thus, it is a way to enable faster and more efficient propagation strategies, ensuring the generation of technologies that could transform the amaryllis production market in the future. In this perspective, somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a technology that enables studies on the mechanisms of somatic embryo formation, information on the compounds involved in this process, and the correlation of biochemical data with embryogenic processes. In this scenario, the main results of this work were the increased efficiency of SE induction, from 11% to 85.4% of tepal segments containing embryos or embryogenic calli. This increase in SE frequency was mainly due to the use of tepals from younger flower buds, cultivation under white LED or red-white LED lighting (R+W), and the presence of PVP 40 in the culture medium, which resulted in up to 13.57 embryos/ explant and fresh callus mass of 0.96 (g/explant). It was possible to observe the correlation of compounds such as quercetin in tepal segments cultivated in vitro with an increase in embryogenic callus mass. Another important point in improving SE frequency was subculturing the tepal segments 30 days after the initial inoculation in MS½ culture medium, which demonstrated increased reducing power and favored the biosynthesis of the antioxidant rutin in the tepals.
Study and quality evaluation of LLM’s generated unit test sets for C Programs
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-04)
Macaia, Matheus
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Vincenzi, Auri Marcelo Rizzo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0611351138131709
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5902-1672
;
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1539-6249
As technology becomes more integrated into our daily routines, reliable software becomes increasingly critical. However, the high cost of manual test generation often leads developers to neglect software quality concepts. In this context, the growing demand for automated test generation is a crucial response to the potential negative consequences of inadequate software testing. Problem: Various tools designed explicitly for automated program testing exist for different programming languages, including C. However, learning and properly configuring these tools is often not trivial, and users must install and set them up for use. Solution: This work leverages the rapid rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) to evaluate their capability in generating unit tests for C programs, using code coverage and mutation score as metrics to assess the quality of the generated test sets. Method: This study selected 27 C programs from the literature. We grouped these programs into three non-overlapping categories, depending on how each one accepts inputs (Basic Input – inputs provided as program parameters; Driver Type 1 – each test case is a case option in a switch command and the inputs are hard-coded inside the case option; and Driver Type 2 – similar to Driver Type 1 but with the inputs encoded on external data files). For each program, we interactively asked the LLM to generate tests automatically. After generating the test sets, we collected metrics such as code coverage, mutation score, and test execution success rate to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of each set. We then used these metrics as new parameters to enhance the efficiency of the sets. Results: The test sets generated by LLMs demonstrate significant relevance by presenting substantial results, given the ease of use and low need for human intervention in adjusting the necessary configuration guidelines. On average, LLMs test sets reached 100% of code coverage and 98,7% of mutation score on testing programs with basic inputs. The worst results are in testing programs requiring a driver of Type 1, reaching 91,8% of code coverage and 95.2% of mutation score. Nevertheless, these results are very satisfactory, mainly due to the prompt simplicity and the effort required for test case generation.
Ancestralidade e trajetórias evolutivas de ninhos em três famílias de aves: Furnariidae, Troglodytidae e Icteridae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-07)
Leite, Abraão de Barros
;
Francisco, Mercival Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4305313620456233
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7895946664428660
Bird nests play important roles in the evolutionary success of this organismal group. For this reason, understanding the origin, evolutionary trajectories and the environmental parameters correlated with nest diversification is important for the understanding of Avian evolution. In this thesis, subdivided into 3 chapters, the nest evolutionary aspects of 3 bird families with distribution mainly concentrated in the New World are addressed. The birds of the family Icteridae build many different nest types, in a variety of habitats, with some species also using old nests from other birds, and others are brood parasitic. In chapter 1, we examined the origin and evolutionary patterns of nest traits and habitat in the Icteridae. We also tested the hypothesis that the use of abandoned nests of other species (non-nest construction) is an intermediate step in the evolution of interspecific brood parasitism, and we addressed the hypothesis that the construction of complex nests is linked to small bodied species. The common ancestor of the Icteridae likely constructed cup-shaped nest, basally supported, and built of leaves/sticks in woodlands. We detected significant evolutionary correlations between nest traits, with nest attachment modes being more often correlated with habitat than nest type and material. We rejected the idea that brood parasitism evolved from non-nest construction, and nest complexity increased with body size, likely due to shifts in nest materials permitting the construction of more resistant nest walls. Birds of the family Trogloditydae build open nests within cavities and enclosed nests on the vegetation, with some a few representatives also constructing enclosed nests within cavities. In chapter 2, we considered open and enclosed as nest types and cavity and vegetation as nest sites. We found that the common ancestor of the Troglodytidae likely constructed enclosed nests within sheltered sites (cavity or crevice), but the radiation of the group was characterized by shifts to exposed nest sites (vegetation) with retention of enclosed nests or retention of sheltered sites with nest simplification (cup nests). Nest site and nest type evolved interdependently, with habitat being poorly correlated with nest evolution. Sheltered nest sites were associated with small body size, likely to avoid competition with other animals for these places. In chapter 3, we used the family Furnariidae to test the hypothesis of nests as key innovations, i.e. the emergence of new traits that can affect transitions to new ecological niches. We addressed the hypothesis of nest type transitions as key innovations for two important proxies of niche diversification, foraging strategy and habitat. We found strong evolutionary correlations between nest type and both foraging strategy and habitat, with model selection and ancestral state reconstructions evidencing nest type shifts preceding niche transitions, confirming the idea of nests as key innovations for the irradiation of this group. This is the first evidence for nest transitions promoting new foraging strategies. These results improved the understanding not only about the evolution of the studied avian families, but also elucidated questions of broad ornithological interest.
Educação Financeira: uma proposta de ensino com alunos do ensino médio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-08)
Rodrigues, Murilo Augusto
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Pires, Rogério Fernando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2795801064535157
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0257146933015714
This study evaluated the implementation of a sequence of activities on financial education. The aim was to investigate the importance of structured financial education within the High School curriculum, in accordance with Brazilian educational guidelines such as the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education (LDB), the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), and the Paulista Curriculum. The research sought to analyze how financial education, integrated with practical experiences and active methodologies, contributes to the development of significant financial competencies for the students, preparing them to make informed and conscious financial decisions. The study was conducted at a State School of the Integral Education Program, located in São Miguel Arcanjo, São Paulo, with a class of 25 students, 17 of whom participated in the research. Based on the theories of Freire, Ausubel, Vygotsky, and Kolb, which advocate for education as a process of emancipation, critical reflection, and contextualization, the research integrated financial education into the curriculum as an elective subject. Active methodologies such as flipped classroom, gamification, and simulations were used to promote engaged and meaningful learning. These strategies allowed students to apply theoretical knowledge in practical situations, such as simulating a bank agency, resulting in increased engagement and understanding of financial concepts. Data collection occurred over 11 sessions, each lasting 90 minutes, recorded through logbooks where students expressed their perceptions and interactions with the activities. Data analysis, through categorization, revealed recurring themes such as the importance of a personalized approach to financial education, adjusted to the socioeconomic profile of students. The research was divided into two stages: the first, exploratory, analyzed students' prior knowledge to identify their initial perceptions and starting points, ensuring that teaching was aligned with their realities. The second stage aimed to broaden students' horizons through awareness-raising education in the proposed activities, empowering them to use education as a means to achieve social advancement. The results indicated that the combination of active and reflective methodologies, coupled with a Freirean approach, promoted the development of financial competencies and critical thinking in students. Practical activities, such as field trips and financial simulations, were highly valued by the students. The integration of the school community in activities, such as simulating bank service, reinforced the practical importance of financial knowledge and contributed to meaningful learning. In conclusion, the study demonstrated that financial education should be considered an essential component of the school curriculum, playing a fundamental role in the comprehensive development of students. The inclusion of this content goes beyond technical training, contributing to the development of socio-emotional competencies and preparing young people to face financial challenges in an informed and responsible manner. The elective "The Building of Your Dream Starts Here!" proved to be effective in empowering students, providing them with tools to become agents of change in their communities and contribute to a fairer society.
Relato da minha experiência no curso de medicina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-08)
Castilho, Gabriela Pereira Gil
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Roscani, Meliza Goi
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lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135
;
lattes.cnpq.br/7794669618962615
This Final Course Work (TCC) is part of the Pedagogical Project of the UFSCar Medical Course. It is a Critical-Reflective Narrative based on my experience reports as a student of this Undergraduate Course from 2019 to 2024, covering everything from the beginning of the course to the completion of the 3 cycles that make up the course curriculum, highlighting how each stage contributed to my academic, personal and professional development. The narrative also addresses the difficulties faced during the COVID-19 pandemic, the active participation in extracurricular activities, such as athletics, and the enriching experiences in practical internships. In addition, I explore how the active problem-based teaching method influenced my development and overcoming common insecurities at the beginning of the journey.
Dinâmica da produção imobiliária em Sorocaba
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-08)
Cruz, Talita Anunciação
;
Silva, Carlos Henrique Costa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5444248390841543
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4441-7268
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8445374687650083
The primary objective of the research is to analyze real estate development in Sorocaba, focusing on the vertical residential segment and how it influences the city's urban space organization. The study covers the period from 2010 to 2023, extending to August 2024, and centers on the actions of key real estate market players, such as developers and construction companies. The investigation uses the theory of urban space production, emphasizing that space not only reflects social needs but is a product of capitalist production relations. In this context, urban land becomes a valued commodity, and housing becomes a financial asset, which shapes the city in an unequal way. The study demonstrates that the verticalization of the most valued areas, or those undergoing a valuation process, contributes to socio-spatial segregation, as higher-income classes occupy these areas while low-income populations are pushed to peripheral regions. Additionally, it is observed that urban infrastructure, such as transportation and public services, is directed toward areas undergoing valuation, reinforcing inequality in the distribution of resources. The results indicate that the real estate market in Sorocaba, specifically in the vertical segment, has been a significant driver of urban transformation, with profound impacts on the production and reproduction of urban space. In conclusion, the research reveals that real estate development in Sorocaba follows a capitalist logic of accumulation, organizing urban space in an unequal and exclusionary manner, with significant consequences for the city's socio-spatial structure.
Diagnóstico de anemia usando o smartphone
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-09)
Nascimento, Thiago Mazzu do
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Monti, José Fernando Casquel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1641654071358324
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-7926
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5320483364890016
INTRODUCTION: Anemia is a public health problem that affects approximately one third of the world's population. OBJECTIVES: Create a way to analyze hemoglobin levels using a smartphone by taking photos of the palpebral conjunctiva using an app, camera and smartphone flashlight, demonstrating the possibility of a non-invasive diagnosis of anemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 19 patients treated at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Carlos, at the UFSCar University Hospital, and at the Dr. Maricondi Medical Laboratory who underwent a blood count test were invited to participate in the research. We captured a photograph of each patient's palpebral conjunctiva using the RGB Color Detector application with the smartphone's rear camera with the “flash” activated. After obtaining the photo, we selected the central region of the palpebral conjunctiva and quantitatively measured the color intensity of the RGB components (red, green and blue). Then, with the intention of filtering the signal obtained, reducing light interference from the environment, we subtracted the green channel from the red channel, since the green channel has most of the reflections and lighter colored noise, and the red channel is the one we want to analyze, since hemoglobin is a red pigmented molecule. RESULTS: For each blood count there was a respective image, which we compared the measured color intensity with hemoglobin values, then we compared whether there is a proportional relationship between color intensity x hemoglobin value. We analyzed the three different channels (red, green and blue) and realized that comparing only the color intensity of the red channel and the respective hemoglobin value there was no directly proportional relationship, however, when we subtracted the green channel from the red channel, the relationship between the colorimetric signal and the hemoglobin value becomes directly proportional, demonstrating that the green channel possibly contains most of the noise, such as light reflections, which are clearer signals. After defining the Cut-off at 93 color intensity, we obtained sensitivity = 0.875, specificity = 1, accuracy = 0.947. CONCLUSION: Our method of non-invasive analysis of anemia using just a photograph of the palpebral conjunctiva and a smartphone application showed promise, and future steps will involve an analysis of a larger number of patients, other types of colorimetric analyzes to obtain a more accurate signal. pure, as well as the creation of a smartphone application capable of instantly providing the presence of anemia with a simple photo.
Diversidade genética de cucurbita spp. usando marcadores moleculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-09)
Onorato, Guilherme Dias
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Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-7205
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1603044801994913
Pumpkin is a globally cultivated crop, valued for its high nutritional content, and is used both in human and animal feed, which has led to a growing demand over time. However, some species face challenges related to productivity and resistance, influenced by various factors such as inadequate management practices and pathogen pressure. In this context, the characterization of germplasm accessions is essential to identify more resistant and productive varieties. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability of a Cucurbita spp. population using microsatellite molecular markers and to evaluate genetic resistance to diseases through specific genetic markers associated with these pathogens. Genotypes of Cucurbita moschata, C. maxima, and C. pepo were used, obtained from the Cucurbita spp. Germplasm Bank at UFSCar, Araras Campus. The results showed the effectiveness of SSR markers, resulting in high diversity of polymorphic alleles and allowing genetic differentiation between the studied species. Additionally, the markers associated with disease resistance genes proved effective in the genetic characterization of the plants, emerging as a promising approach for the advancement of pumpkin genetic improvement.
Lazer noturno LGBTQIAPN+ em Araraquara e São Carlos: sociabilidades não hegemônicas no interior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-10)
Santos, Mateus Rodrigues dos
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Rodrigues, André Rocha
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9374672526245774
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-1116
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Toledo, Luiz Henrique de
Research on LGBTQIAPN+ sociability may be common in metropolitan contexts, but dealing with municipalities such as Araraquara and São Carlos - SP, which are often seen as medium-sized cities and inland cities, is new, as it moves into a little-explored empirical context, draws attention to the diversities of Brazilian interiors and medium sized cities, problematizing these notions and stereotypes often directed at these regions. This work begins along these lines, presenting the relationship between the city, dissident sexualities and sociability in anthropology in an intertwined way, and goes on to include Araraquara and São Carlos as another urban dimension that can be reflected on, especially from the perspective and experiences of non-heterosexual cis. The bars, nightclubs and events ethnographed have their own attractive and structural characteristics that have an impact on the urban landscape of both cities by becoming points of reference for LGBTQIAPN+ residents. At the parties, the processes of sociability are marked by rapprochement, links, disputes and distancing, produced by other social markers besides gender and sexuality, seen as the starting point that brings them together, as well as by the intense performativity of the conduct and bodily presentations of those present. In addition, elements such as the musical environment and alcohol consumption also drive and complexify relationships. The result is the production of phenomena that sometimes generate differentiations and similarities between Araraquara and São Carlos, and sometimes between the two in relation to larger urban centers, demonstrating the potential of ethnography to recognize diversity and the way people manage themselves situationally, the influence of everyday life on identities and their flexible and changeable capacity.
Aspectos sociais e emocionais de mães de crianças com T21 no período de isolamento social e pós-pandêmico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-10)
Pavão, Michelle Roberta
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Cia, Fabiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5999108571365402
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-3331
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3480348627451199
It is believed that the coronavirus pandemic contributed to changes in family functioning. Thus, the research aimed to: (a) describe the routine, needs, resources, social support, as well as anxiety and depression symptoms of family members and children with T21 during the social isolation period and the post-pandemic period based on qualitative data, according to the mothers' perspectives; (b) describe the behaviors of children with T21 during the social isolation period and the post-pandemic period based on qualitative data, according to the mothers' perspectives; (c) identify the needs, resources, and social support of families of children with T21 in the post-pandemic period based on quantitative data; and (d) analyze the relationships between variables in the post-pandemic period. The study included 20 mothers of children with T21 (from 4 to 10 years old). The instruments used were: a Family Questionnaire; the Family Needs Questionnaire (FNQ); the Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ); the Home Environment Resources Scale (HERS); and a Semi-Structured Interview Guide for families. The instruments were administered by conducting interviews on the Google Meet platform. Qualitative data were analyzed according to categories established in the interview guide. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive methods (measures of central tendency and dispersion). The Spearman's correlation test was used to relate the families' needs, resources, and social support. The results showed that during social isolation, families had more flexible schedules for carrying out activities, expressed a need for information, and mothers felt overwhelmed by household and family demands. Regarding emotional aspects, family members exhibited symptoms of anxiety and depression. The children experienced developmental and learning setbacks, reduced sociability, and sleep disturbances. During the return to in-person activities, families had a calmer routine, demonstrated supportiveness, and the need for information decreased. There was also a lower frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms, and the children progressed in their learning. However, they became less independent and autonomous, showing emotional attachment to parents and relatives. Considering the quantitative data, participants expressed a need for more personal time, particularly regarding the following topics “I need more friends to talk to” and “I need more opportunities to meet and speak with the parents of other children with disabilities.” They demonstrated that they had a routine with fixed schedules for daily tasks and family life, identifying spouses, friends, and children as sources of social and emotional support. Regarding the correlational data, it was found that the older the mothers, the lower the financial needs of the families. Moreover, as the children grew older, there was less of a need to explain family functioning to others. In addition, the fact of more people living in the household was associated with reduced needs for social support. Conversely, a higher number of siblings was linked to greater resources in the family environment. Social support also showed a positive correlation with family environment resources. While the issue of T21 was acknowledged, the concerns expressed by participants often did not specifically pertain to their children's needs, but rather to the pandemic as a whole. The results for the post-pandemic period indicate family needs that could be addressed by public policies focused on ensuring care for children with T21 and offering support options for family members. Although families were able to reorganize themselves, it cannot be said that this process was easy. Moreover, the historical and scientific relevance of the study is highlighted.