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Diagnóstico de anemia usando o smartphone
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-09) Nascimento, Thiago Mazzu do; Monti, José Fernando Casquel; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1641654071358324; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-7926; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5320483364890016; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1693-9149
INTRODUCTION: Anemia is a public health problem that affects approximately one third of the world's population. OBJECTIVES: Create a way to analyze hemoglobin levels using a smartphone by taking photos of the palpebral conjunctiva using an app, camera and smartphone flashlight, demonstrating the possibility of a non-invasive diagnosis of anemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 19 patients treated at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Carlos, at the UFSCar University Hospital, and at the Dr. Maricondi Medical Laboratory who underwent a blood count test were invited to participate in the research. We captured a photograph of each patient's palpebral conjunctiva using the RGB Color Detector application with the smartphone's rear camera with the “flash” activated. After obtaining the photo, we selected the central region of the palpebral conjunctiva and quantitatively measured the color intensity of the RGB components (red, green and blue). Then, with the intention of filtering the signal obtained, reducing light interference from the environment, we subtracted the green channel from the red channel, since the green channel has most of the reflections and lighter colored noise, and the red channel is the one we want to analyze, since hemoglobin is a red pigmented molecule. RESULTS: For each blood count there was a respective image, which we compared the measured color intensity with hemoglobin values, then we compared whether there is a proportional relationship between color intensity x hemoglobin value. We analyzed the three different channels (red, green and blue) and realized that comparing only the color intensity of the red channel and the respective hemoglobin value there was no directly proportional relationship, however, when we subtracted the green channel from the red channel, the relationship between the colorimetric signal and the hemoglobin value becomes directly proportional, demonstrating that the green channel possibly contains most of the noise, such as light reflections, which are clearer signals. After defining the Cut-off at 93 color intensity, we obtained sensitivity = 0.875, specificity = 1, accuracy = 0.947. CONCLUSION: Our method of non-invasive analysis of anemia using just a photograph of the palpebral conjunctiva and a smartphone application showed promise, and future steps will involve an analysis of a larger number of patients, other types of colorimetric analyzes to obtain a more accurate signal. pure, as well as the creation of a smartphone application capable of instantly providing the presence of anemia with a simple photo.
Diversidade genética de cucurbita spp. usando marcadores moleculares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-09) Onorato, Guilherme Dias; Carneiro, Monalisa Sampaio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2696490871291334; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-7205; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1603044801994913; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9325-2234
Pumpkin is a globally cultivated crop, valued for its high nutritional content, and is used both in human and animal feed, which has led to a growing demand over time. However, some species face challenges related to productivity and resistance, influenced by various factors such as inadequate management practices and pathogen pressure. In this context, the characterization of germplasm accessions is essential to identify more resistant and productive varieties. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic variability of a Cucurbita spp. population using microsatellite molecular markers and to evaluate genetic resistance to diseases through specific genetic markers associated with these pathogens. Genotypes of Cucurbita moschata, C. maxima, and C. pepo were used, obtained from the Cucurbita spp. Germplasm Bank at UFSCar, Araras Campus. The results showed the effectiveness of SSR markers, resulting in high diversity of polymorphic alleles and allowing genetic differentiation between the studied species. Additionally, the markers associated with disease resistance genes proved effective in the genetic characterization of the plants, emerging as a promising approach for the advancement of pumpkin genetic improvement.