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A teoria da personalidade em Bergson
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-29) Morais, Yago Antonio de Oliveira; Pinto, Débora Cristina Morato; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1311151012002541; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9895-6988; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1044336507892154; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-7598
The aim is to investigate and analyze the question of personality in Bergson. Our aim is to explore some necessary conditions for thinking about personality, both the properties of the notion of consciousness as duration and some considerations about the role played by the body. We will look in particular at Bergson's three main works, Essai sur les données immédiates de la conscience, Matière et mémoire and L'évolution créatrice. We will follow how the philosopher rethought interiority, considering it in relation to the living body, as well as exploring the notion of life, the main aspects of which are related to these elements. Bergson defends a concept of personality linked to consciousness, which is therefore psychological, but which is also linked to its physical basis, the body. The notion of personality, in this sense, is circumscribed as something between these two domains, both thought of in the light of duration. Our proposal, then, consists of arguing that there is a theory established by the philosopher that converges with his philosophy of duration.
Psicologia e relações raciais: análise do processo histórico de formação de profissionais da psicologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-29) Assis, Beatriz Vieira de; Cruz, Ana Cristina Juvenal da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6736396213946663; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8401-376X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0864212205523523; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7624-2800
This research aims to analyze Psychology training from the perspective of racial relations in Brazil. To this end, Psychology is articulated as a scientific and educational field that relates to the modes of development and the constitution of subjectivity within culture and social relations. As a basic principle, the racism experienced by Black people is considered, as it structurally organizes Brazilian society and, given this, it is essential that the Psychology course is capable of training professionals who are duly qualified to act competently in the face of racial dynamics. To this end, as a methodology, a theoretical qualitative research approach was conducted on ethnic-racial relations in Psychology training, based on the understanding and explanation of social dynamics. As results, it was possible to perceive that although there have been advances throughout the history of Psychology regarding ethnic-racial issues, it must be recognized that intellectual production under the premise of ethnic and racial relations is still rendered invisible. This context indicates that confronting structural and epistemic racism in the academic field remains a challenge, but that the delineation of the field has been seeded, especially with the enrichment of knowledge promoted by the contribution of Black intellectuals in the authorship of scientific productions.
Algoritmos para seleção de variáveis em modelos Markovianos ocultos não-homogêneos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-29) Sabillón Lee, Gustavo Alexis; Zuanetti, Daiane Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8352484284929824; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1591-959X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4713725426670655; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4802-2343
Non-homogeneous hidden Markov models are a statistical paradigm in which a sequence of non-observable states generates a sequence of observable. Transitions between the non-observable states are controlled by transition coefficients and covariates. Because variable selection has been hardly explored for this model, the central purpose of this thesis is to propose variable selection methods which improve predictive performance of the model. We propose two versions of the LASSO for the non-homogeneous hidden Markov model, the Global LASSO and Individual LASSO. The proposed methods are tested in a simulation study, to analyze their performance under controlled conditions. Evaluation metrics used are the mean squared prediction error, non-observable sequence prediction accuracy and coefficient shrinkage efficiency. Regarding the mean squared prediction error, the proposals consistently show better predictive performance than ARIMA and Penalized Linear Regression. They show very good performance when predicting the non-observable state sequence which generates the observable values. In terms of coefficient shrinkage efficiency, the proposals show excellent performance in all simulation scenarios when selecting variables via coefficient shrinkage. This gain in predictive performance as well as the ability to perform variable selection makes the proposed methods an interesting option to apply with the model. Finally, the methods are applied to characterize and predict the rainfall regime in the city of São Carlos, Brazil, displaying good performance when predicting rainfall quantities in the region as well as selecting relevant covariates for the model.